common household accidents

8/4/2019 Common Household Accidents

1/25


2/25

is an immediate care givento a person who has beeninjured or suddenly taken ill.It includes self-help andhome care if medicalassistance is delayed.


3/25

Wound: An abnormal break in the tissues

of the skin or in the underlyingsurfaces.


4/25

Classifications of Wound:

1. Open Wound allows blood and other fluids to

be lost from the body and germsto enter.


5/25

Cont: Classifications of Wound. 2. Closed Wound bleeding is purely

internal. This is easily recognized bybruising, which indicates damage toblood vessels just beneath the skin.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d5/Ladder_fall_bruise.jpg


6/25

FIRST AID MANAGEMENT FOR

CLOSED WOUND:I C E S

I ice applicationC compression

E elevation

S splinting


7/25

Types of Open WoundPuncture wound- a wound with small entry site,

but a deep track of internaldamage.


8/25

Cont: Types of Open Wound. Abrasion (graze)- a superficial wound in which the toplayers of the skin are scraped off;leaving a raw, tender area.
http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0S020ojLs9IyCABDVqJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBybWU0MHEyBHBvcwMyMARzZWMDc3IEdnRpZANJMDkxXzExMg--/SIG=1guvgs1oc/EXP=1221623715/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253Dabrasion%252Bwound%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-501%2526ei%253Dutf-8%2526js%253D1%2526x%253Dwrt%26w=175%26h=175%26imgurl=www.dshae.com%252Fi%252FBefore%252520After%252Fmotorcycle_abrasion.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.dshae.com%252Fid96.html%26size=4kB%26name=motorcycle_abrasion.jpg%26p=abrasion%2Bwound%26type=JPG%26oid=e0421f54d1ee8c48%26no=20%26tt=57%26sigr=10uitljj9%26sigi=11mu5n1pf%26sigb=12uqffgut


9/25

Cont: Types of Open Wound.

Laceration a crushing or ripping forces

result in rough tears orlacerations.


10/25

Cont: Types of Open Wound. Avulsion- a forceful tearing away or

separation of tissues from thecasualtys body.
http://www.trauma.org/index.php/main/image/561/C13


11/25

Cont. types of Open Wound:

Incision a clean cut from a sharp edge,

such as broken glass, thatcauses an incision.


12/25

FIRST AID MANAGEMENT FOR OPEN WOUNDSA. Wounds with severe bleeding: 4Cs

1. Control bleeding by direct pressure.

2. Cover wound with dressing and bandage.

3. Care for shock.

4. Consult or refer to physician.

B. Wounds with bleeding not severe (home care)

1. Clean the wound with soap and water.2. Apply antiseptic solution like Betadine.

3. May or may not cover the wound with dressing.


13/25


14/25

injury involving the skin, including

muscles, bones, nerves and bloodvessels. This results from heat,chemical or radiation.

B u r n s


15/25


16/25

DepthSuperficial (first degreeburns) least severe and

it involves only the toplayer of the skin. Partial thickness(second degree burn) involves the epidermisand some portion of thedermis.Full thickness (thirddegree burn) extends

through all layers andmay involvesubcutaneous layers,muscle, bone, or internal

organs.


17/25

Care for thermal burns

Superficial and partial thicknessburns immediately immerse theburned area in cool water then coverwith dry, non-sticking sterile dressing.Full thickness burns cover the

area with dry, non-sticking steriledressing or clean cloth then treatvictim for shock.


18/25

Chemical burnsManagement:

Immediately remove the chemical byflushing with water.Remove the victims contaminated

clothing.Cover burned area with a dry

dressing.If chemical is in the eyes, flush with

water for 20 minutes with low pressure.Seek medical help.


19/25

Electrical burns Management: Make sure the area is safe.

Unplug, disconnect or turn off the

power.Check victims ABCs then provideAR or CPR if necessary.

If victim fell, check for spinal injury.Care for shock.

Seek medical help.


20/25

Nose bleeds2 types of nose bleed1. anterior (front of nose) 90%2. posterior (back of nose) involves massive bleeding. It is

serious and requires medical attention.

Management: Keep the victim in a sitting-up position.Tilt the head forwardPinch the noseApply ice pack over the nose

Seek medical attention for the follow ing:Bleeding persists

You suspect a posterior b leedingVictim has a high blood pressure or is taking

anticoagulants (blood thinners) or large doses of aspirin.

Bleeding happens after a blow to the nose,and you suspect a broken nose.


21/25

Poison any substancethat can cause severedistress or death if

ingested, breathed in, orabsorbed through theskin. Different personshave different reactions topoison.

Causes:

Common in suicideattempts

Occasional accidentalpoisoning


22/25

d f d


23/25

First Aid for ingested poisoning: Try to identify the poison seek information

from the victim or bystanders and look forcues.

Call the Poison Control Center (PCC) ornearest physician for advise.

Do not cause the person to vomit until youhave check with the PCC.

Do not use any universal antidote.If patient vomits, save any vomitus.Do not give unconscious victim anything by

mouth.Position patient on left side and maintain

open airway.If you suspect poisoning emergency, do not

wait for signs and symptoms to develop,bring to the nearest hospital.


24/25

Preventive measures ofpoisoning:

Keep all drugs and harmfulchemicals locked-up away from

childrens reach. Never take medicine in the dark.When taking medicine, read the

label three times.Dispose expired and other unused

medications.


25/25

common household accidents

Documents