common terminology, well established techniques and...
TRANSCRIPT
Common terminology, well established
techniques and methods -
Key success factors for
Requirements Engineering
Stefan Sturm IREB GmbH
About me
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Who am I?
Stefan Sturm, Managing Director of IREB GmbH
What is the IREB GmbH?
What is the IREB e.V.?
International Requirements Engineering Board (IREB) e. V.
Operating company of the IREB e.V.
The importance of RE
• Publications reveal that software projects
still fail or have cost and/or time overruns.
• Numerous studies show that about 60% of the errors
of system development projects originate in the RE
stage.
• Effort to fix a requirement defect:
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testing
stage
up to 100 times higher
programing
stage
up to 20 times higher
RE
stage
x
Requirements Engineering
A profession with a long tradition
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23rd IEEE Requirements Engineering Conference – Ottawa 2015
21st REFSQ conference – Essen 2015
14th REConf – Munich 2015 – over 400 participants
But….
Requirements Engineering
Is it really well established?
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We are doing Business Analysis,
not Requirements Engineering!
• BA Planning and Monitoring
• Enterprise Analysis
• Solution Scope
• Requirements Elicitation
• Requirements Documentation
• Requirements Modeling
Requirements Validation (Review)
• Requirements Negotiation (Conflict
Management)
• Requirements Engineering Tools
• Requirements Management
• Solution Assessment and Validation
Requirements
Engineering!
Requirements Engineering
Why “Engineering”
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Very obvious for • Safety
• Security
• Medical
• Defense
• ….
But as well for • Consumer products
• Lifesyle
• Gadgets
• User centered
approaches
• Agile projects!
You’ve got
one shot
only!
Requirements Engineering
Why should software testers care about it?
page 7 International Requirements Engineering Board e. V.
• Have you ever wondered….
• …. where the requirements for your test cases come from?
• …. why the requirements for your test cases are of poor quality?
• …. why the requirements for your test cases are incomplete?
• …. why the requirements for your test cases are ambiguous?
• …. why the requirements for your test cases are contrary to
each other?
Because of poor Requirements Engineering!
Requirements Engineering
Have you ever really applied it?
page 8 International Requirements Engineering Board e. V.
• Have you ever thought about….
• …. clearly identifying the stakeholders of the system you
should test?
• …. using appropriate techniques for eliciting and documenting
requirements beyond interviews and Word documents?
• …. using appropriate techniques for requirements validation?
• ….
Have you ever thought about doing
Requirements Engineering?
Requirements Engineering and Testing
Two sides of the same coin
page 9 International Requirements Engineering Board e. V.
• Software Testers should care about Requirements Engineering
because it ….
• …. bridges the gap between business needs and
Software Testing
• …. delivers important input for
Software Testing
• …. significantly improves the quality
of requirements documents
Requirements Engineering
It’s getting started!
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Requirements Engineering is getting started! • Number of attendees in conferences increase
• Number of certified professionals is growing fast
• The profession “Requirements Engineer” has been officially
acknowledged in the first country (Switzerland)
Increased efforts by • setting quality standards
• improving the application of RE
• demonstrating the value of RE
Requirements Engineering
Common terminology, techniques and methods
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Different implementation of Requirements Engineering • At customers, suppliers, partners
• In distributed teams at different locations, offshore, near shore
• In different industrial sectors
Problems in communication due to • different languages
• different cultures (ethnological and company specific)
Misunderstanding of “agile” • Elicitation of requirements is underestimated
• Documentation and traceability of requirements is neglected
Why do we need it?
Requirements Engineering
The problem
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Customers, suppliers and development partners
talk past each other when defining requirements
• Incomplete Requirements
• Ambiguous Requirements
• Missing common understanding of Requirements
• Different prioritization of Requirements
• Conflicts between project partners
• Time and cost overruns
• Missing, wrong or „gold plated“ functionality
Consequences (incomplete)
Requirements Engineering
Challenges
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Common understanding of terms • Within distributed teams
• Between customers, suppliers and development teams
• Over language and cultural boundaries
Elicitation, documentation and administration
of Requirements • Over release cycles
• In the context of agile development
• Within distributed teams
Requirements Engineering
Challenges - continued
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Know-How Transfer • To new employees / with staff fluctuation
• Within distributed teams……(see first point)
Different skill levels • Many practitioners do not have an education in systems/software
engineering
Requirements Engineering
Certification – How does it help?
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Why not “just” Training?
Training
• Provides the fundament for Know-How acquisition
• Is a recognized form of qualification
• Is part of employee motivation
Certification
• Common definition of terminology to improve communication
and Know-How transfer
• Provides an international recognized fundament for training
Training Providers align their trainings to a standard – the
syllabus of the certificate
• Motivates professionals to improve their skills
• Motivates companies to invest in training
• Offers a possibility to companies to demonstrate their expertise
International Requirements Engineering Board (IREB)
Members of the board: • Personal board members: http://www.ireb.org/board/member.html
Renown experts from industry,research, consulting and education
• Supporting Members: http://www.ireb.org/board/supporter.html
Committed persons in the field of RE
Activities of the board • Elaboration of the curriculum, glossary and exams for the
„Certified Professional for Requirements Engineering“
• Translations of the artifacts: Chinese (Mandarin), Dutch, English,
French, German, Polish, Spanish, Portuguese (Brazil)
• Publishing of articles, textbooks and references
The IREB
The board
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Operating Company of the IREB e.V.
• Facts • Since April 1st, 2011
• 100% owned by the IREB e.V.
• Activities • Organizational support for the board, workgroups and
supporting members
• Coordination of IREB tasks such as
• Elaboration of the curriculum and the exam
questions for the CPRE
• Coordination and organization of training providers
and certification bodies
• Marketing of the CPRE certificates
• Press and media releases
• Publishing of articles
Stefan Sturm
Managing Director IREB GmbH
The IREB
The IREB GmbH
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Certification Bodies (TÜV Süd South Asia)
International
Requirements
Engineering
Board (IREB)
Training Providers
Trainees /
Exam candidates
IREB GmbH
IREB GmbH
IREB GmbH
Allocation of tasks to clearly separated and independent organizations
ensures fairness and neutrality.
The CPRE
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The principles of the certification
Certified Professional for Requirements Engineering
Personal certificate for requirements engineering • not time limited
Three step certification program
• Foundation Level
• Advanced Level
• Expert Level
CPRE Foundation Level accessible to everyone, as there are no prerequisites
The CPRE
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FL
AL
EL
CPRE Expert Level
CPRE Advanced Level
• Mastering and using methods and techniques
• Specialization in one or more modules: • Requirements Elicitation and Consolidation – released in 2011
• Requirements Modeling – released in 2011
• Requirements Management – to be released March 1 2015!
CPRE Foundation Level
• Fundamental understanding of domain,
methodology and available techniques
Most important education in RE worldwide
- besides the university education!
The CPRE
Three level certification program
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FL
AL
EL
Fundamental understanding of RE
Languages • Syllabi and exams currently in Chinese (Mandarin), English,
French, German, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil), Spanish – Dutch
in preparation
No prerequisite
Companion Book • available in English, German and Portuguese (Brazil)
The CPRE
Foundation Level
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FL
Released Modules • Requirements Elicitation & Consolidation, March 1st, 2011
• Requirements Modeling, March 1st, 2011
Module in work • Requirements Management, release scheduled for march 1 2015
Languages • Syllabi and exams currently in German and English
(the latter for Requirements Elicitation & Consolidation only)
Prerequisite • CPRE Foundation Level certificate
The CPRE
Advanced Level
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AL
CPRE Advanced Level
• Part 1: multiple choice test
• 75 minutes plus 15 minutes extension for non native speakers
• 60% of the total point required to pass
• Part 2: written assignment within 1 year after part 1
CPRE Foundation Level
• Multiple choice test ~ 45 questions
• 75 minutes plus 15 minutes extension for non native speakers
• 60% of the total point required to pass
The CPRE
The exams
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FL
AL
2015 2014 2013
The IREB history
2006 2011 2012 2007
International experts from business, research and education gathered in Nuremberg to form IREB
Development of the CPRE certification scheme syllabi
examination regulations
glossary
exam questionnaires
+ 19,200 CPRE FL
~ 500 CPRE AL
certified professionals worldwide
Release of the CPRE Advanced Level (AL) modules
Requirements Elicitation & Consolidation (E&C)
Requirements Modeling
Release of CPRE AL E&C in English
Release of the CPRE Foundation Level (FL)
Foundation of the IREB GmbH as operating company of IREB e.V.
Foundation of the IREB e.V. as a non-profit organization
Release of CPRE AL
Requirements Management
Release of CPRE AL Modeling in English
The IREB
The IREB history
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0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
CPRE FL examinations per year since inception
examinations
passed
failed
The CPRE
Success story
Over 25,000 Examinees in total – worldwide!
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The CPRE
Worldwide in 55 countries
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, China,
Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Italy, Jordan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Oman, Palestine, Poland,
Romania, Russian Federation, Singapore, Sint Maarten, Slovakia, South Africa, South
Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, United
Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, USA, Venezuela
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The CPRE
Comparison to other certification schemes
BCS Diploma in Business Analysis
• BCS is well established only in the UK
• BCS, offers a comprehensive range of business analysis certifications; but
not any advanced course in Requirements Engineering
• IREB and BCS have signed a MOU:
– Candidates that have completed the IREB’s CPRE Foundation level will
be exempt from taking the BCS Certificate in Requirements Engineering
to achieve their Diploma.
– Candidates that have completed the BCS Certificate in Requirements
Engineering will be exempt from taking the IREB CPRE Foundation
level to progress to the Advanced level.
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The CPRE
Comparison to other certification schemes
IIBA CBAP /CCBA
• IIBA is well known worldwide
• Both CBAP and CCBA have high entry criteria
• 685 CCBA worldwide*
• 4866 CBAP worldwide*
• More on the strategic level whereas the CPRE is more practical oriented
*As of February 19 2015
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The CPRE
Comparison to other certification schemes
IIBA CBAP /CCBA: What to do Describes the BA process end to end on a process level
IREB CPRE: How to do Describes the RE related tasks in great detail with concrete hands on information
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When defining your BA process look at the BABOK® from IIBA!
When implementing the concrete RE tasks look at the CPRE from IREB!
The CPRE
Comparison to other certification schemes
IIBA CBAP /CCBA “When we were introducing structured business analysis at Sunrise, we used
the BABOK® Guide from the IIBA. This served as the basis for the definition of
our processes, which are described there in some detail. When we then wanted
to implement a training curriculum and certification program, we moved fully in
the direction of the IREB/CPRE.
The CPRE syllabi offer in our opinion a more practice-oriented approach. The
focus there is on concrete methods and techniques for requirements elicitation,
documentation, management and conflict resolution, which are not treated in
the same depth by the IIBA.
In my opinion the use of the BABOK® Guide for process definition and the
CPRE for requirements engineering training and certification complement each
other ideally.”
Christoph Wolf, Manager Business Analysis, Sunrise Communications AG
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• No prerequisites for the CPRE Foundation Level -
everyone can strive for it!
• No recertification
• International acceptance –
over 19,200 certified in 55 countries
• Based on the knowledge of real RE experts
Check publications on RE of the board members!
• Reinvestment of the revenues of IREB in the
development and the spread of the CPRE
• Only scheme with translations in many languages!
• Support of our partners to foster excellence in RE
The CPRE
What makes the CPRE unique?
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The IREB
RE Magazine http://re-magazine.ireb.org/
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Any questions?
Discussion
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www.ireb.org
http://re-magazine.ireb.org