communication with aliens? t’s possible!innovativeteachersbg.org/schumenkonference/14... ·...

Team: Aleksandar Georgiev Georgiev

Leah KhodrShumanIvo Petrov Pesev

Astronomical observatory, Varna 10th grade at the High School of Mathematics

“Dr. Peter Beron” , VarnaTeam leader: Silvia Zaharieva, High School of

Mathematics “Dr. Peter Beron”, VarnaMentor: Dr. VeselkaRadeva,

Astronomical observatory, Varna

Communication with aliens? It’s possible!European youth space contest

Direction: Astrobiology –Search for life in the universe

Topic: We have discovered aliens – how can we talk to

them, in what language?

In the Universe there are hundreds ofbillions of stars. Many planets havealready been discovered orbiting

around stars in our galaxy. Considering this, there must be

billions of planets in the galaxies, which we observe. It is possible thatthere is developed life on some ofthem. If life on Earth is not just anaccident in the planet’s evolution,

then space must be filled with life –diverse intelligent species and

technologically advancedcivilizations. However, we have not

found such yet and it seems like theyare missing. This problem and many

others find their answers in themodern science for life and stars –

astrobiology.

Introduction

The life forms may be small in size -bacteria and microorganisms - or

they might be in a size similar to ours. They could have adapted for life on land - air, water, soil environment or

in another organism. It is not necessary for life forms to be carbon-based as life is on Earth. They might

be made of silicon. Depending on the environment of their planet, life

forms may not have senses like we humans do.

Possible life forms and life beings’ stage of evolution

I. Extraterrestrial beings and civilizations

Possible life form.

The planet experts examined life forms that might be present on

celestial bodies like Mars and Titan (the largest moon of Saturn).

According to scientists organisms on Mars as an intracellular fluid can

contain hydrogen peroxide, and the lives of creatures on Titan may be

based exclusively on the chemistry of hydrocarbons.

The life of beings on Titan might be exclusively based on the chemistry of

hydrocarbons.

Possible life forms and life beings’ stage of evolution

Possible life form.

Martian rabbit.

The level of development of a civilization may be considered

depending on the amount of energy that it can control. This is the so called

Kardashev scale.Extraterrestrial civilizations can be of

three types compared to ours:

Civilizations – stage of development

Possible communication between two forms of life.

I. Less developed than us

II. Developed as much as us

III. More developed than us (Kardashev scale)

Civilization type I -Technological level close to the level presently attained on earth, with energy

consumption at 1016W

Civilization type II -A civilization capable of harnessing the energy radiated by its own star 4x1026W

Civilization type III -A civilization in possession of the energy of its own galaxy, with energy consumption at

4x1037W

Civilizations – stage of development

A fictional civilization.

KEPLER MISSIONProfessor Sasselov suggests that the time needed for the creation of even

the simplest form of life may be entirely commensurate with the age

of the Universe. Therefore, if our brothers in mind exist somewhere in

space it is more likely that their civilization would be less developed

than ours.

In the past two years, search for planets around other stars outside

our solar system, called exoplanets, led to the discovery of more than

2000 objects. With huge success the Kepler space mission was realized.

Scientific projects about the search for alien civilizations

Dimitar SasselovCo-Investigator

Kepler Space Missions The results of Kepler Space Missions

The Fermi Paradox

We owe to Enrico Fermi the idea of his famous paradox, which asks:

"If we are not unique, then where are all the other extraterrestrial

civilizations?"

Enrico Fermi

Humanity begins the search for extraterrestrial civilizations with a

series of research projects.

Using this formula, he calculated how many civilizations, proficient in

radio, there are in our galaxy the Milky Way.

R* - the average rate of star formation in our Galaxy;

fp - the fraction of those stars that have planets;

ne – the average number of planets that can potentially support life per star that has planets;

fl – the fraction of planets that could support life that actually develop life at some point;

fi –the fraction of planets with life that actually go on to develop intelligent life (civilizations);

fc – the fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into -space;

fL – what part of time of the total existence of the planet will radio communication survive;

The results of the Drake equation can range from one to billions.

Frank Drake

The Drake equation

1. The Earth is unique!2. Every intelligent life form could face difficulties!3. The aliens have left the Universe!4. Earth is not as important as we think it is!5. We live in a virtual reality!6. We live in the depths of the Universe!7. We haven’t detected their signals yet!8. We cannot recognize their signals!9. Ultra-organisms are suicidal in nature!10. They are among us!

Analysis of the reasons why there is no established contact with alien civilizations

Our place in the Universe.

We cannot recognize their signals.

On Earth there are four main types of communication. The Linguistic

communication (through a common language), expressions on the face,

body language (some kind of dance) and written communication. There

are also other types of communication.

There are two main types of communication between animals

and humans:

I. Verbal communicationII. Non-verbal communication

Forms of communication on Earth between different organisms

II. COMMUNICATION

Verbal communication

Verbal communication is when we speak. It is a system of

phonetic signs.

Verbal communication has the following properties:

-the content-comprehensibility

- the expressiveness

gestures – humans

sound – dolphins, whales, horses

light – sea mantis, fireflies

touch – elephant

chemical way of communication – ants

image – aliens

Non-verbal communication

Communication with aliens could be established by using some of the known forms of communication.

They may have senses to perceive anything.

Let’s take a look at some possibilities:

Forms of communication regarding the variation of alien beings

Possible life near a red dwarf star.

Forms of communication regarding the variation of alien beings

We’ve discovered a planet on which there is highly-developed

life. However, the planet is covered with water – one huge ocean.

Keeping in mind the diversity of species in Earth’s oceans and their ways of communication between one another, we will take a look at

the following possibilities:

The highly-developed creatures are two types: the first

communicate with sounds and the others use colors.

The highly-developed creatures are a few types (considering their senses): ones with only hearing, with only sight and sight and hearing.

I. We suggest the following methodology regarding the first type (hearing) (Communication via sounds)

II. For the second type (sight) we suggest(Communication via colors)

III. For the third type (sight and hearing) we suggest(We use their better developed sense as primary and the other one as secondary)

Alien being:- presence of sight and specific facial growths – most probably sensitive

Analyzing possible ways of communication

Home planet:- a huge ocean- aqua civilization- big in size considering the body

Communication:- via colors- images- careful and controlled touch

Analysing possible ways of communication

Alien being:It has sight, perhaps also hearing because of the dense air

Home planet:Hot deserted planet, a dense atmosphere similar to Earth’s

Communication:- comprehensible sentences - via images and their- corresponding sounds

Alien being:Presence of sight and sensitive growths

Home planet:A dry deserted planet, low gravity, atmosphere similar to Earth’s

Communication:Communication via colors, careful and controlled touch


Alien being:Slow and steady non-aggressive actions, showcase of images in order to see how intelligent and curious they are.

Home planet:A rocky planet, low gravity, scarce vegetation, dense atmosphere, perhaps large consistency of O2 in the atmosphere.

Communication:Pick up vibrations easily, makes sounds. It can hold and work with objects (perhaps it lives in the tower behind).


Alien being:- present sight- makes sounds - specific growths

Home planet:- planet similar to earth - lots of sunlight- developed vegetation

Communication:Communication via colors, images and sound.


Alien being:Presence of well-developed sight and hearing, specific facial growths, sensitiveness, sound, change in temperature, close to Earth’s species.

Home planet:- a dark humid planet - a dense atmosphere similar to earth’s- diverse vegetation

Communication:Possible contact by using the language of mathematics, via images, drawings and sounds.


Alien being:Presence of sight and specific facial growths which are most probably sensitive.

Home planet:- earth-like planet- vegetation - dense atmosphere

Communication:Communication via colors, images, careful and controlled touch.


Alien being:An Earth-like animal species, sound and non-verbal ways of communication.

Home planet:planet with a half-desert terrain; low gravity; vegetation ; somewhat earth-like; probably lots of O2 in the atmosphere

Communication:Slow and steady non-aggressive actions, showcase of images in order to see if how intelligent and curious they are.


Alien being:- developed hearing- uses echolocation- sight

Home planet:- a rocky planet with low gravity- dense atmosphere- earth-like vegetation, probably lots of O2 in its atmosphere

Communication:We will show typical sounds from Earth.



Alien being:Sight is present, probably even hearing, sensitive body. No information about intellect.

Home planet:- an aqua planet with a dense atmosphere

Communication:Contact via sound messages.


Alien being:Presence of sight and specific body growths on its body, which are most probably sensitive, bioluminescence and echolocation.

Home planet:-a planet covered with one huge ocean- aqua civilization

Communication:Communication via sounds, images; we will showcase our planet with images .

III. CONCLUSION

In the Universe there is a big diversity of planets orbiting around stars,

each with its own unique characteristics. The specifics of exoplanets will

determine the type and features of any possible extraterrestrial being.

When taking into consideration every life form’s individual

characteristics we will be able to come up with an appropriate way to

mutually understand each other. People face a big challenge in

discovering adequate ways to communicate with their cosmic brothers.

This is the reason for why it is so important to successfully develop and

examine different possibilities.

Our project is a small contribution to this cause – it is an attempt to

suggest our ideas for possible communication with extraterrestrials. We

are certain that in time, along with evolution, humanity will think of ever

better and more successful methods to socialize with representatives from

foreign worlds.

IV. LITERATURE

Books and articles:

Saselov, D.,The Life of Super-Earths: How the Hunt for Alien Worlds and Artificial Cells Will Revolutionize Life on Our Planet, Basic Books, 2012

Bozhilov, V., Forgan D.H., ‘The Entropy Principle, and the Influence of Sociological

Pressures on SETI’, IJA, (2010), 9, pp 175-181

Шкловски, Й., Вселена, живот, разум, Наука и изкуство, 1976

O'Malley-James J.T., Cockell C.S., Greaves J.S., Raven J.A, Swansong Biospheres II: The final signs of life on terrestrial planets near the end of their habitable lifetimes:. (2014), Int. J. Astrobiology 13: 229-243

Internet addresses:

Какво стана с парадокса на Ферми?!, Източник: University of Oxford, 2013 http://megavselena.bg/kakvo-stana-s-paradoksa-na-fermi/ (Посетена на 2015-10-03) Астробиологията и парадоксът на Ферми: наистина ли сме сами във Вселената?, Българска наука, 2015 http://nauka.bg/a/(Посетена на 2015-10-03) If aliens arrive on Earth, would we use math to communicate?, Quora, 2015 https://www.quora.com/If-aliens-arrive-on-Earth-would-we-use-math-to-communicate (Посетена на 2015-10-04) Хокинг: Дойде време да търсим форми на живот извън пределите на Земята, 2015 http://dariknews.bg/view_article.php?article_id=1471895 (Посетена на 2015-10-04) Гигантски дълголетни организми обитават Титан?, 2015 http://megavselena.bg/gigantski-dylgoletni-organizmi-krai-saturn/(Посетена на 2015-10-04) Защо извънземните не влизат официално в контакт с нас?, 2012http://snaiper-bg.net/2012/12/zashto-izva-nzemnite-ne-vlizat-ofitsialno-v-kontakt-s-nas/ (Посетена на 2015-10-07) How to Create a Scientifically Plausible Alien Life Form,2011 http://io9.gizmodo.com/5784971/how-to-create-a-scientifically-plausible-alien-life-form (Посетена на 2016-01-21)Alien Species to replace humans by 2100 says SETI Researcher, 2015 http://www.ancient-code.com/alien-species-to-replace-humans-by-2100-says-setiresearcher/(Посетена на 2015-11-2) Planet Explorers! Alien species, extraterrestrial lifeforms and xenobiology, Concept art and screenshots from Planet Explorers,a science fiction sandbox video game now on Steam early access: http://store.steampowered.com/app/237870/ https://www.pinterest.com/thepunpercent/planet-explorers-alien-species-extraterrestrial-li/ (Посетена на 2016-01-14) ES PROBABLE QUE HAYAN EXISTIDO ALIENS EN NUESTRO SISTEMA SOLAR PERO SE EXTINGUIERON, Tech & Gadgets, 2016 http://latam.ign.com/tech/19647/news/es-probable-que-hayan-existido-aliens-en-nuestro-s (Посетена на 2016-01-26)

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Communication with aliens?

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