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Animal Farm
Communism and Characters
Allegory
• What is an allegory?
– An allegory is a fable (improbable story), or a
short moral story. Often, it has animals as
characters
• Example of Allegory
– Aesop’s fables
– Read/Find Moral here
Animal Farm: A Fairy
Story
• The complete title of Animal Farm is
Animal Farm: A Fairy Story. What fairy
stories can you think of?
• What do these stories have in common?
Communism
• Communism—a form of government in
which there are no “owners”—everyone is
a worker, everyone produces, everyone
takes what they need. There is no
“oppression” of people by those who are
rich. There is no “oppression” of those
who are poor.
• Do you think Communism could work in
the United States? Why/Why not?
Brief Communism
Hisory--Players
• Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels– Create idea of communism
• Vladimir Lenin – Founder of Soviet Republics
– Leads October Revolution to overthrow government
• Leon Trotsky – Original partner of Lenin
– Broke with party after disagreeing with the direction the party was going
• Josef Stalin– Secretary General of Communist Party
– Increasing power made him dictator
Characters
•Workers get a better
life; all animals equal
•No owners—no rich, no
poor
•Everyone owns the
farm
•No owners—no rich, no
poor
•All people equal
•Government owns
everything—people own
government
����Animalism
Communism ����
Characters
•Taught Animalism
•Workers do work while
rich keep
money=animals revolt
•Dies before revolution
•Citizens unite to
overthrow gov’t
•Created Communism
•Dies before Russian
Revolution
����Old Major
Karl Marx����
Characters
•Neglected his animals—
let them starve
•Sometimes cruel—beat
them with a whip
•Sometimes nice—mixed
milk in with their mash
•A poor leader at best—
compared with Western
kings
•Cruel—sometimes
brutal with opponents
•Sometimes kind—hired
students as spies to
make money
����Farmer Jones
Czar Nicholas II ����
Characters
•Followed teachings of Old
Major
•Lead Animals’ Revolution
•Chased away by
Napoleon’s dogs
•Followed teachings of
Marx
•Lead “October
Revolution”
•Chased away by KGB
(Secret Police)
����Snowball
Leon Trotsky����
Characters
•Not a good speaker or
clever like Snowball
•Wanted power—killed
those who opposed him
•Didn’t follow Old Major’s
plans for the farm
•Not a good speaker or
well-educated like Trotsky
•Wanted power-killed those
who opposed him
•Didn’t follow Marx’s ideals
����Napoleon
Josef Stalin����
Characters
•Big mouth, talks a lot
•Convinces animals to believe
and follow Napoleon
•Changes and manipulates
the commandments
•Used by Stalin to better his
image
•Used any lie to convince
people to support Stalin
•Benefitted from the fact that
education was controlled
����Squealer
Propaganda����
Characters
•Strong, hardworking—
believes in Animal Farm
•“Napoleon is always right”, “I
must work harder”
•Gives his all, yet is betrayed
by Napoleon
•Believed Stalin because he
said he was Communist
•Stayed loyal after Stalin’s
tyrannical takeover
•Betrayed by Stalin, who
killed or ignored them
����BoxerDedicated Communist
supporters����
Characters
•A private army that used fear
to force animals to work
•Killed or intimidated any
opponent of Napoleon
•Another part of Napoleon’s
strategy to control animals
•Used force—often killed
entire families for
disobedience
•Not really police—forced
support for Stalin
•Totally loyal, powerful over
army
����The Dogs
The KGB (Stalin’s Secret
Police)����
Characters
•Tells animals about “Sugar
Candy Mtn.,” where they can
go if they work hard
•Snowball and Major were
against him
•Napoleon let him stay because
he taught animals to work hard
and not complain
•Marx said religion was a lie
•Used to make people not
complain and do their work
•Tolerated by Stalin, who knew
it would stop violent
revolutions
����Moses
Religion����
Characters
•Vain—loved beauty and
herself
•Didn’t think about animal
farm
•Went with anyone who
gave her what she wanted
•Some didn’t care about
revolution
•Only thought about
themselves
•Went to other countries
who offered more for them
����Mollie
Vain, selfish people
of Russia/world����