compact outdoor bs30 bts technical manual

ZXG10-BS30Compact Outdoor BTS

Technical Manual

Version 1.50

ZTE CORPORATION ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South, Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, P. R. China 518057 Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830 Fax: (86) 755 26772236 URL: http://support.zte.com.cn E-mail: [email protected]

LEGAL INFORMATION Copyright © 2006 ZTE CORPORATION. The contents of this document are protected by copyright laws and international treaties. Any reproduction or distribution of this document or any portion of this document, in any form by any means, without the prior written consent of ZTE CORPORATION is prohibited. Additionally, the contents of this document are protected by contractual confidentiality obligations. All company, brand and product names are trade or service marks, or registered trade or service marks, of ZTE CORPORATION or of their respective owners. This document is provided “as is”, and all express, implied, or statutory warranties, representations or conditions are disclaimed, including without limitation any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title or non-infringement. ZTE CORPORATION and its licensors shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on the information contained herein. ZTE CORPORATION or its licensors may have current or pending intellectual property rights or applications covering the subject matter of this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license between ZTE CORPORATION and its licensee, the user of this document shall not acquire any license to the subject matter herein. The contents of this document and all policies of ZTE CORPORATION, including without limitation policies related to support or training are subject to change without notice.

Revision History

Date Revision No. Serial No. Purpose

10-Aug-06 R1.0 sjzl20061194 English – For Customers

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Document Name ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Technical Manual

Product Version V1.50 Document Revision Number R1.0

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Contents

About this Manual............................................................. i Purpose................................................................................ i Intended Audience ................................................................. i Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge .............................................. i What is in This Manual........................................................... ii Related Documentation......................................................... iii Conventions........................................................................ iii How to Get in Touch............................................................. iv

Chapter 1..........................................................................5

System Architecture ........................................................5 Overview .......................................................................5

Background..........................................................................5 Standards Complied ..............................................................7 Functions.............................................................................8 System Working Principle..................................................... 10 Hardware Structure............................................................. 11 Software Structure.............................................................. 15 System features ................................................................. 21

Chapter 2........................................................................23

Technical Specifications.................................................23 Physical characteristics ........................................................ 23 Power Supply System.......................................................... 23 Interface Specifications........................................................ 24 Components/Modules Specifications ...................................... 28

Chapter 3........................................................................32

Interfaces and Protocols ...............................................32 Overview ..................................................................... 32

Interfaces .......................................................................... 33

Protocols............................................................................44

Chapter 4........................................................................53

System Functions...........................................................53 Overview ...........................................................................53 RF Functions.......................................................................54 Baseband Processing ...........................................................55 Signaling Processing ............................................................56 Operation and Maintenance ..................................................85

Chapter 5........................................................................89

Networking and System Configuration.........................89 Networking Modes ...............................................................89 System Configuration ..........................................................91

Appendix A...................................................................101

CE Statement ...............................................................101

Appendix B ...................................................................103

Abbreviation.................................................................103

Appendix C ...................................................................109

Figures..........................................................................109

Appendix D...................................................................113

Tables ...........................................................................113

Appendix E ...................................................................115

Index............................................................................115

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION i

About this Manual

ZXG10 is a proprietary GSM mobile communication system of ZTE Corporation. It consists of ZXG10-Mobile Switching Subsystem (MSS) and ZXG10-Base Station Subsystem (BSS).

ZXG10-BSS provides and manages radio transmission in GSM. ZXG10-BSS consists of ZXG10-Base Station Controller (BSC) and the ZXG10-Base Transceiver Station (BTS).

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) is a small-capacity outdoor base station. It has following features: compactness, reliability, cost-effectiveness, comprehensive functionality and powerful service provisioning.

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Technical Manual introduces the principle, functions and technical features of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Purpose

This Manual introduces the principle, functions and technical features of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Intended Audience

This document is intended for technicians, installation and maintenance engineers and network planning and optimizations engineers.

Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge

To use this document effectively, users should have a general understanding of GSM architecture

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Technical Manual

ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

What is in this Manual

This Manual contains the following chapters:

T AB L E 1 C H A P T E R S U M M AR Y

Section Summary

Chapter 1, System Architecture

This chapter introduces the background, the standards complied major functions, system features, working principles, and the general structure of both software and hardware of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Chapter 2, Technical Specifications

This chapter introduces the technical specifications of modules and components of the ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Chapter 3, Interfaces and Protocols

This chapter describes the different external interfaces and protocols of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Chapter 4, System Functions

This chapter explains the functions of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5), including RF, baseband processing, signal processing, and O&M.

Chapter 5, Networking Modes and System Configuration

This chapter introduces networking modes, system configurations, and networking examples of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Appendix A

CE Statement

This appendix explains CE Statement for the product.

Appendix B

Abbreviations

Lists all the abbreviations used in the manual.

Appendix C

Figures

Lists all the figures appeared in the manual.

Appendix D

Tables

Lists all the tables appeared in the manual.

Appendix E

Index

Lists the important words appeared in the table.

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION iii

Related Documentation

The following documentation is related to this manual:

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Guide to Documentation

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Installation Manual

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance Manual (Troubleshooting)

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance Manual (Routine Maintenance)

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance Manual (Emergency Handling)

Conventions

ZTE documents employ the following typographical conventions.

T AB L E 2 TY P O G R AP H I C AL C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Italics References to other Manuals and documents.

“Quotes” Links on screens.

Bold Menus, menu options, function names, input fields, radio button names, check boxes, drop-down lists, dialog box names, window names.

CAPS Keys on the keyboard and buttons on screens and company name.

Constant width Text that you type, program code, files and directory names, and function names.

[ ] Optional parameters.

{ } Mandatory parameters.

| Select one of the parameters that are delimited by it.

Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic.

Checkpoint: Indicates that a particular step needs to be checked before proceeding further.

Tip: Indicates a suggestion or hint to make things easier or more productive for the reader.

Typographical Conventions


iv Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

T AB L E 3 M O U S E OP E R AT I O N C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Click Refers to clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) once.

Double-click Refers to quickly clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) twice.

Right-click Refers to clicking the secondary mouse button (usually the right mouse button) once.

Drag Refers to pressing and holding a mouse button and moving the mouse.

How to Get in Touch

The following sections provide information on how to obtain support for the documentation and the software.

If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions regarding your product, contact us by e-mail at [email protected]. You can also call our customer support center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 800-9830-9830.

ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this document. For further questions, comments, or suggestions on the documentation, you can contact us by e-mail at [email protected]; or you can fax your comments and suggestions to (86) 755 26772236. You can also browse our website at http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains various interesting subjects like documentation, knowledge base, forum and service request.

Mouse Operation

Conventions

Customer Support

Documentation Support

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 5

C h a p t e r 1

System Architecture

This chapter describes the system background, the standards complied, major functions, system features, working principles and the general structure of both software and hardware ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Overview Intention to start ZXG10-BS30 production is explained as follows:

Background

ZXG10-BS30 is an integrated outdoor BS launched on the demand of GSM networks in remote area. ZXG10-BS30 is ZTE’s third generation border network product. ZXG10-BS30 is based on the ZXG10-BTS (V2) and is improved from ZXG10-BS21 and ZXG10-MB. ZXG10-BS30 supports single carrier 40 W (20 W for 1800 MHz BS), built-in Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) transmission and external lightning protection box. ZXG10-BS30 meets the requirements of the border network for wide coverage, small capacity, reliable performance in bad environment and easy maintenance. ZXG-BS30 also supports GPRS/EDGE data service function and Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) service.


6 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Note: AMR is a 3rd Generation Partnership Project’s (3GPP) voice coding scheme, which consists of eight rate modes: 4.75, 5.15, 5.90, 6.70, 7.40, 7.95, 10.20, and 12.20. MS and networks implement the following aspect to maximize the voice communication quality: adaptively change coding rate according to different channel quality reports, reduce the influence caused by fading bit error ration of channel, data congestion and delay. For smooth transition from GSM to 3G, network need to provide AMR support to implement MS handover and roaming between 2G to 3G network.

Out look of the ZXG10-BS30 rack is as shown in Figure 1

F I G U R E 1 – ZXG10-BS30 R AC K

Figure 2 shows the ZXG10-BS30 position in a GSM/GPRS Network.

ZXG10-BS30 is located between BSC and MS in GSM/GPRS network. It connects to BSC through Abis interface and to MS through Um interface

ZXG10-BS30 provides the following functions:

Servers as a radio transceiver for a cell

Interacts between BSC and a radio channel

Wireless transmission with the MS and the related controlling function

Chapter 1-Interfaces and Protocols


Implements the L1 and L2 protocols on the radio link and related control functions

F I G U R E 2 - ZXG10-BSS PO S I T I O N I N A GSM/GPRS N E T W O R K

SGSN

GGSN PLMN

GGSN

SGSN

MSC

Internet

HLRAUCMSC/VLR

Gb

OMC

A A

BS30

Gb

Um

BSCZTE

AbisBTS

MS

BSC

BS30

ZTE

Abis

Um

MS

PDN

PSTNISDNPSPDNPLMN

Standards Complied

ZXG10-BS30 complies with the following standards:

Standard for RF interface:

ETSI TS 101 087 (Version 5.0.0 )

GSM 05.05

GSM 11.21

ITU-T G.703/ITU-T G.704 standard Abis interface

GSM 11.21 high/low temperature specifications

In terms of radio services, ZXG10-BS30 complies with the following protocols and specifications:

GSM 03.60 General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)

GSM 03.64 GPRS Overall GPRS radio interface description

GSM 04.04 Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network Layer 1 General requirements

GSM 04.06 Mobile Station – Base Station System (MS – BSS ) interface Data Link Layer (DLL) specification

GSM 04.08 Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification



GSM 04.60 General Packet Radio Service(GPRS) Mobile Station – Base station System (MS–BSS) interface Radio Link Control / Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol

GSM 05.02 Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path

GSM 05.08 Radio subsystem link control

GSM 08.58 Base BSC-BTS interface Layer 3 specification

ETSI 301 489-8 EMC specification

R&TTE Directive 1995/5/EC

Functions

The main features of ZXG10-BS30 are as follows:

Compliant with GSM Phase II+ Standard, and is compatible with Phase I and Phase II Standards

Supports GSM900, EGSM900 and GSM1800 frequency bands. Also supports mixed insertion of EDGE carrier frequency module ETRM and common carrier frequency module TRM in the same rack

Provides the following TCH services

FS: Full-rate voice service

EFS: Enhanced full-rate voice service

HS: Half-rate voice service

AFS: Adaptive full-rate voice service

AHS: Adaptive half-rate voice service

F9.6: 9.9 Kbits/s full-rate data service

F2.4 : 2.4 Kbits/s full-rate data service

GPRS/EDGE: GPRS/EDGE packet data service

Supports diversity reception. Diversity techniques include:

space diversity

frequency diversity

time diversity

polarization diversity

Maximal Ratio Combining diversity

Receiving end adopts Viterbi soft decision algorithm and implements GMSK demodulation via software. It improves the channel decoding performance and increasing the system receiving sensitivity and anti-interference capability



Supports the radio Frequency Hopping (FH) to enhance the anti-fading capability of the system

Supports in calculation of Timing Advance (TA)

Supports discontinuous transmitting DTX mode. Transmit only the comfort noise in the voice non-activated period. This reduces the transmitter power and general interference level in air signaling.

One BS30 rack supports one frequency and cascading supports up to three cells and six frequencies

Provides two pairs of E1 interfaces, supports E1 cascade output, and supports star and chain configuration via Abis interfaces

Supports LapD signaling multiplexing via the Abis interface

Supports satellite link connection through E1 via Abis interface, the directional signal transmission delay of Abis interface is 260 ms

During BS30 cascading if one BS30 is powered of , the Abis interface links are capable of automatic bridge protection

Supports Base Station’s uplink/downlink power control

Supports A5/2 encryption

Supports multiple transmission modes via E1, SDH optical transmission microwave, HDSL and satellite, and supports built-in T150 transmission module

Supports external lightning protection box to provide lightning protection for AC power

Supports external uninterrupted power supply(UPS) as a standby power supply in case of AC power failure

Provides over/under voltage alarm and intruder alarm

Provides a Local Management Terminal (LMT) which provides man-machine interface for local operation , maintenance , configuration observations and local sites alarm status

Supports CS1 ~ CS4 channel encoding modes of GPRS, MCS1 ~ MCS9 channel encoding modes of EDGE. ZXG10-BS30 dynamically adjusting the channel encoding modes according to the monitoring and measurement results.

Supports common BCCH: Carrier frequencies of different frequency bands can be used in a cell, they are responsible for different services and share a common BCCH

Supports EDGE service, adopting 8-PSK modulation mode to realize higher data transmission rate



System Working Principle

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) system consist the following units:

Operation and maintenance unit

Baseband processor

RF unit

Antenna feeder processor

Transmission unit

Power supply unit

Heater unit

Internal fan

Figure 3 shows ZXG10-BS30 working principle

F I G U R E 3 – ZXG10-BS30 W O R K I N G P R I N C I P L E

ZXG

10 BS30

Operation and

Maintenance U

nit

Baseband processing

unit

RF

Unit

Antenna feeder

processing unit

Power supply unitHeater

unit

Data link

System clock

RF demodulated signal

Baseband modulated signal

System clock

Controlling signal

RF signal

Um interface

Transm

ission unitBSC

Abis

AC220V

-48V

AC Internal fan

DC

Interface

Working principle of the system is explained below:

1. ZXG10-BS30 receives data from BSC, both voice and signaling data.

2. The transmission unit sends signaling data to the operation and maintenance unit for processing.

3. The voice data are then sent to baseband processor for processing of rate conversion, encryption and interleaving

4. Data are the sent to RF unit for modulation to high-frequency signals.

Downlink



5. Finally, data are then transmitted through the antenna feeder processor.

1. The antenna feeder processor receives RF signals from MS and sends these signals to RF unit to convert into digital signals.

2. The signals are then transmitted to baseband processor for rate signals conversion, decryption and de-interleaving.

3. After conversion to the code pattern, suitable for long-distance transmission, the signals are sent to BSC through the Abis interface.

Hardware Structure

Hardware components of ZXG10-BS30 are listed below:

Transceiver for Station Module for EDGE (ETSM)

Duplexer Module (DPM)

SDH Transmission Module(STM) or HDSL

Power Module (PWM)

Heating Module (HTM, optional)

Power Module(PWM)

Heating Module or HTM

Uplink:



F I G U R E 4 – ZXG10-BS30 H AR D W AR E S T R U C T U R E

Main functions of various modules are as follows:

TSME consist of Controller and Maintenance Module (CMM), Extended Radio Transceiver Module (ETRM), and Backplane Connection Unit (BCU).

CMM performs Abis interface processing, BS operation and maintenance, clock synchronization and generation, and internal/external alarm collection and processing.

ETRM performs radio channel control and processing, radio channel data transceiving, modulation and demodulation of radio channel on radio carrier, transceiving of radio carriers.

BCU is responsible for connection of ETRM and CMM, transmitting signals between the two modules, and providing interfaces for the input and output of external signals.

ETRM module consists of Transceiver Process Unit (TPU), Radio Carrier Unit (RCU), and Power Amplifier Unit (PAU)

TSME



TPU

Implements all functions of full-duplex channel baseband data processing in TDMA frame

Signal conversion between LapDm and LapD protocol

Supports GPRS packet data services functions, CS1, CS2, CS3, C4 coding scheme, and GMSK modulation mode

Supports EDGE packet data service function

Supports MCS1, MCS2, MCS3, MCS4, MCS5, MCS6, MCS7, MCS8, and MCS9 coding schemes

Supports 8-PSK modulation mode

RCU

RCU functions as follows:

Modulates baseband signals to carrier signals and up-converts frequency

Down-converts the frequency of received carrier signals

Controls the power statically and dynamically in the downlink direction as required by GSM specifications

PAU

PAU amplifies the power of the radio carrier to provide the BS equipment with sufficient transmission power

Performs bi-directional channels for signals between BTS and antenna.

Suppresses the interference and spurious radiations beyond the working band.

Implements SWR alarm detection at the antenna port

DPM consists of duplexer, receiving filter, Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), SWR detection circuit. LNA and SWR detection circuit are available in LNA board and SWR detection board respectively. Figure 5 shows positions of various components.

DPM



F I G U R E 5 - DPM S T R U C T U R E

ZXG10-BS30 supports built-in transmission module STM/HDSL. ZXSM-T150 compact synchronous digital transmission equipment serves as built-in STM in ZXG10-BS30. ZXSM-T150 provides 155 Mbps SDH interface for ZXG10-BS30.

ZXG10-BS30 can also use built-in taixum-develop Scorpio 1400 type G.SHDSL data machine, which provides RJ45 interface of HDSL link for ZXG10-BS30 equipment.

ZXG10-BS30 supports two types of power modules: PWM and PWMD.

PWM functions:

Rectification and filtering

Voltage stabilizing protection of 220 VAC (single-phase three-line)

Supplies 220 VAC to HTM AND -48 DC to ETSM, STM, HDSL and internal/external fans

Provides 220 VAC input over/under voltage dry contact alarm

PWMD functions:

Filtering and over-voltage protection

Provides -48 VDC for TSM, STM/HDSL and internal fans

HTM consists of heater and fans which controls internal temperature and ensure the normal conditions of equipment. Fan unit consists of two internal fans serves as heat dissipation of transmission equipment and shelves.

STM/HDSL

PWM and PWMD

HTM



Software Structure

ZXG10-BS30 adopts modular and hierarchical concept of software to facilitate development and maintenance. The modules are independent in function with each other and associated with each other through internal interfaces.

The core software can be downloaded from the background (OMCR), facilitating service upgrade and version maintenance. It also provides external interfaces to perform the following functions:

To maintain the software

To collect BTS information

To perform BTS local tests

The internal software of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) is consists of four modules:

Control and Maintenance Module(CMM)

Frame Unit Controller(FUC)

Channel Processing Module(CHM)

Carrier Interface Processor(CIP)

Software supports different platforms according to their function as shown in Figure 6.

F I G U R E 6 - S O F T W AR E M O D U L E S O F ZXG10-BS30 (V1 .5 )

Systemsoftware

CMM softwaremodule

FUC softwaremodule

CHPsoftwaremodule

CIPsoftwaremodule

Controller and Maintenance Module

CMM in ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) performs following functions:

Status management

Configuration management

Monitoring management



Test management

Database management

Supports local O and M functions, including local parameters configuration and alarm query

Figure 7 shows hierarchical structure of CMM software

F I G U R E 7 – CMM S O F T W AR E M O D U L E S T R U C T U R E

OS S

AP P

P SOS+

H ardw are

BS P

LMUEquipTstMMI

Inspector MsgMoni

Terminal

O&MP aramCfg StateAlarm

Vers ionCtrl E quipTstMan

EAMan

DBSAcce ssInf CMSynch CBSynch

Dispatch

RUNCTRL

SysCtrlPrintMoni

RUNS PTProcSche

ProcComm

ProcMoni

MemMan

Tim erMan

ExcpCatch

LNKDRVSCCxDrv SMCxDrv BootDrv

FNSynchFNCMDrv FNCTDrv FNCCDrv

LNKCTRL

HDLC

LAPD

CMComm CTComm

LMComm

CCComm

CMM consists of five layers from the bottom up, they are:

The physical platform on which the CMM software runs is called hardware layer

BSP initializes CMM boards and provides drivers for the relevant parts of the equipment. It provides consistent operation interfaces for the specific details of the upper-level encapsulated hardware equipment and simplifies the Operation support system.

It is a real-time multi-task operating system for commercial purposes and with superior performance. The operating system has been successfully applied to the next-generation BTS.

Hardware

Board-level Support Package

pSOS+ operating

System



This layer consists of the following parts:

RUNSPT: It is the core layer of OSS and a dispatch system, and provides following functions:

Process dispatch

Process communication

Memory management

Timer management

Process monitoring and abnormality capture

RUNCTRL: It is the operation control layer of the system. It includes the system control module and implements the power-on sequence for application processes. In addition, the layer includes some miscellaneous functions of the operating system such as redirection of the printing messages.

LNKDRV: It is the device driver and provides equipment independent drivers for LNKCTR while working with BSP. This part also includes a frame number synchronization module, which implements the frame number synchronization between the following:

Active/standby CMMs

Active CMMs of the base and the extension rack

Active CMM and ETRMs

LNKCTRL: It is the communication link control layer module and consists of the following:

LapD communication link control module: LapD is the communication link control module of the Abis interface.

HDLC communication link control module: HDLC is the communication link control module inside the rack. They all communicate in a point-to-point way. There are three types of communications links as shown in table.

Link Description

CCComm The auxiliary communication link between the master CMM of the master rack and that of the extension rack. It is a 2 MHz PCM line, which facilitates the centralized data collection of LMT.

CMComm The communication link between the active and standby CMMs. It implements the data synchronization between the CMMs. it is 1 MHz HW.

CTComm The communication link between the active CMM and ETRM in the same rack, implementing the ETRM parameter configuration and alarm collection. Physically, it is a 64 kbps time slot in a 4 MHz HW.

Operation Support System



LMComm: Foreground/background link control module with RS232 as its physical interface. It is self-defined point-to-point link control protocol and character-oriented single-bit stop and wait protocol

Application layer consists of three parts:

O&M: As the core of the application layer, it receives the O&M messages of the Abis interface and implements the following:

Parameter configuration

Status and alarm management

Software version management

Device test

External alarm collections

Data Base Subsystem (DBS): The application layer is designed with the database as a core. DBS distributes the configuration parameters along with the DB. It also synchronizes data between the active and standby CMMs and between the foreground and the background.

Local Management Terminal (LMT): LMU is the local O&M unit, including foreground and background operation interface. LMU works with the database synchronization module to complete the local parameter configuration, equipment status and alarm collection. LMU also includes operating interface of equipment test to implement test functions of the local BTS. The system tool is a series of developer-oriented tools for system diagnosis and test for the rapid location of faults.

Frame Unit Controller

FUC software module is located in the TPU of the TRM module. FUC processes radio signaling over every radio carrier and signaling on BSC interface and manages all channels. Its major functions are as follows:

Processes and converts GSM signaling protocols, including the following:

Layer-2 protocol LapD with BSC

Layer-2 protocol HDLC with CMM

Layer-2 protocol LapDm with Um interface

Layer-3 radio resources management protocol of GSM

Responsible for the following functions

TDMA multi-frame framing of Um interface

Frame number (FN) receiving

Frequency hopping calculation

APP Layer



Management & control over Channel Processing (CHP)

Manages BTS and loads the FUC software and DCP program. FUC supports GPRS

As shown in Figure 8 , FUC software module consists of system software and application software.

System software adopts the concept of virtual OS. Based on the commercial OS pSOS+, the running supporting layer RUSPT that is finite state machine-oriented makes the system applications independent of the actual real-time OS. It simplifies implementation of the applications and improves their transplant ability. At the same time, to improves the system’s stability and error locating capability, it adds the function of exceptional capture.

RUNCTRL is responsible for the power-on boot sequences of various modules, implementing some auxiliary functions of the OS, collecting and redirecting the output messages. The drivers also adopt a hierarchical structure, including equipment-dependent and equipment-independent drivers. All communications within the equipment are implemented by means of address transfer to reduce the overhead of the memory block copies.

Application layer contains the Operation and Maintenance Module (OAMM), Radio Signaling Processing Module (RSM) and Local O&M Agent Module (LMA).

OAMM configures and manages the software, parameters, status and alarms of the TPU board. RSM consists of Frame Unit controller Radio Resource management Module (FURRM), Paging Access Channel message processing Module (PAGCHM) and Frequency Hopping Module (FHM). These modules implement signaling flows of the circuit-switched services and the packet-switched services in compliance with the GSM protocols. Also these modules support frequency hopping. LMA is used in system debugging.



F I G U R E 8 – FUC S O F T W AR E M O D U L E

OSS

APP

PSOS+

Hardware

BSP

LMA AbisSimAgt

OAMM OAMCtrl

VersionCtrl

EquipTstMan

RUNCTRLSysCtrl

PrintMoni

RUNSPTProcSche

ProcComm

ProcMoni

MemMan

TimerMan

ExcpCatch

LNKCTRL LAPD

LAPDm CTComm LMComm

LNKDRV

SCCxDrv SMCxDrv BootDrv

HPIDrv

RSMFURRM

PAGCHM

FHMInspectorAgt

Channel Processing Module

CHP software module is located in the TPU of the ETRM.

CHP implements all baseband channel processing and some corresponding control functions, including channel encoding/decoding and demodulation.

Carrier Interface Processor (CIP)

CIP software module is located in TPU of TRM/ETRM

The functions of CIP software are as follows:

GMSK software modulation

8PSK (EDGE modulation)

Power control

Collection and handling of AEM, amplifier, RCU and fan alarm information



System features

ZXG10-BS30 main features are as follows:

Advanced Technology with broad-band

Compliant with GSM Phase II+ Standard, and is compatible with Phase I and Phase II Standards

ZXG10-BS30 supports GSM900, EGSM900 and GSM1800 frequency bands and also supports mixed insertion of EDGE carrier frequency module ETRM and common carrier frequency module TRM in the same rack

Small capacity and wide coverage

Maximum output of single rack of ZXG10-BS30 is one carrier frequency and 40 W. ZXG10-BS30 supports an output of 2 W as a micro BTS and supports S/2/2/2 type site by BTS cascading.

Well sealed, neatly structured

ZXG10-BS30 is an outdoor BTS with sealed rack well protected from water, dust, burglary, rodent nuisance, and electromagnetic shielding.

Good heat dissipation

ZXG10-BS30 adopts heat tube technology and auxiliary fans for forced cooling and heat dissipation this improves the reliability of components.

It uses an internal heater to make sure that non-industrial components can work normally at low temperature.

The function frame adopts independent wind tunnel and dissipates heat through common wind tunnel of the rack.

Modular design in software/hardware

Software and hardware of the ZXG10-BS30 adopts modular concepts to facilitate development, maintenance, and improving the system reliability.

Advanced software radio technology

ZXG10-BS30 uses such advanced technologies as software radio technology to ensure reliable operation of the RF parts on a long-term basis and improve the batch consistency and mass productivity of the equipment.

Flexible and reliable Abis interface

A single main rack can provide up to two pairs of E1 links and supports flexibly multiple networking modes such as star and chain.

Advanced flow control algorithm and variable rate signaling link technologies are used so that multiple logical signaling



links can be configured flexibly in the 64 Kbps physical link to fully share the bandwidth.

During ZXG10-BS30 cascading if one BS30 is powered off, the Abis interface link is capable of providing automatic bridge protection.

Supports multiple transmission modes and supports built-in transmission module

ZXG10-BS30 supports multiple transmission modes via E1, SDH optical fiber, microwave, HDSL and satellite. It supports a built-in T150 STM.

When HDSL, microwave, satellite or SDH optical transmission equipment by other vendors are in place, ZXG10-BS30 supports external transmission through the configuration of a multifunctional box.

Mature and reliable power supply system

ZXG10-BS30 rack provides class-D lightning protection of AC power and supports external lightning protection box to improve the lightning protection performance of the system.

Internal power module features centralized management and distributed power supply to improve the safety and reliability of the power supply system.

In case of AC power failure, the external UPS works instead.

Supports external environmental monitoring

ZXG10-BS30 supports eight pairs of environmental trunk node inputs

Convenient local operation and maintenance

ZXG10-BS30 connected to the local O&M terminal via the standard RS232 interface or RJ45 network interface, thus dispensing with special cables.

Local operation and maintenance terminal is easy to learn and use since it is consistent with OMCR interface.

Perfect local operation and maintenance

Rapid and reliable online software upgrade

Complete service functions

ZXG10-BS30 supports GPRS/EDGE data service function and AMR voice service.

ZXG10-BS30 supports multiple frequency bands, mixed insertion of modules of different frequency bands and mixed insertion of different service modules.


C h a p t e r 2

Technical Specifications

This chapter introduces the technical specification of the modules and components of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Physical characteristics

Rack dimensions (excluding the base)

H*W*D = 580 mm*400 mm*284 mm

Color of rack: Silver (CTP3601)

Color of main radiator: Black (ZX-04X01)

Rack consists of shelf, main radiator, door, locking guide rail and base

Fully configured, single rack weighs about 39 kg

Weight is approximately distributed as follows:

Rack main body: 17 kg

ETSM: 8 kg

DPM : 8 kg

HTM: 1 kg

STM: 2 kg

PWM (or PWMD): 2.5 kg

Fans: 0.5 kg

Power Supply System

Input voltage: 220 VAC/50 Hz single Phase 3-line power

Voltage fluctuation range: 130 V ~ 300 V

Frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65Hz

Output voltage: -48 VDC (-60 VDC ~ -40 VDC adjustable)

Dimensions:

Color:

Structure

Weight

PWD Module Power Range



Maximum output current: > 6 A

Adjustable current limiting value: 8 A

Maximum output power: 400 W

Normal working power supply is -48 VDC (-57 VDC ~ -40 VCD).

For more details refer to ZXG10-BS30 Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual.

Maximum consumption of ZXG10-BS30 is 274 W.

Heat distribution inside the rack is:

ETRM: 184 W

CMM: 10 W

Power Supply: 30 W

Transmission: 50 W

Rack should be grounded in such a way that grounding resistance should be less than 5 Ohm.

Ambient temperature: -40 0C ~ +55 0C

Temperature rise in the rack: ≤ 15 0C

Ambient relative humidity: 5% ~ 98%

Atmospheric pressure: 70 kPa ~ 106 kPa

In compliance with IP55

In compliance with the IECS529 ‘Case protection Level of Electrical Equipment’ and IP55 waterproof (rainproof) and dustproof requirements.

Interface Specifications

Abis interface specifications

Abis interface adopts the standard E1 interface and meets the requirements specified by ITU-T G.703 and ITU-T G.704. Table 4 shows the basics of Abis interfaces.

T AB L E 4 – AB I S I N T E R F AC E B AS I C S

Prerequisites Values

Nominal bit rate 2048 kbps

Bit rate error tolerance ±50×10-6

Signal code pattern HDB3

PWMD Module Power Range

Power Consumption

Indices

Grounding Requirements

Temperature and Humidity Requirements

Atmosphere pressure

Requirements Sealing

requirements

Waterproof and Anti-dust Requirements



T AB L E 5 - AB I S I N T E R F AC E E L E C T R I C AL FE AT U R E S

Electrical Features Values

Pulse Shape Rectangle

Nominal pulse width 244 ns

Nominal peak voltage of pulse (mark)

2.37 V (75 ohm, a pair of coaxial cables).

3 V (120 ohm, a pair of symmetrical cables).

Peak voltage when without pulse (vacant number)

0±0.237 V (75 ohm, a pair of symmetrical cables)

3 V (120 ohm, a pair of symmetrical cables)

Amplitude ratio between positive and negative pulse

At midpoint of pulse width : > 0.955 ~ 1.05

Digital signal processing features (1 UI = 488 ns)

1.5 UI (peak-peak value, 20 Hz ~ 100 kHz)

0.2 UI (peak-peak value, 18 kHz ~ 100 kHz)

Input impedance features

2.5% ~ 5% (that is when it is 51.2 kbps ~ 102.4 kbps, echo attenuation is ≥ 12 dB)

5% ~100% (that is when it is 51.2 kbps ~ 102.4 kbps, echo attenuation is ≥ 18 dB)

100% ~ 150% (that is , when it is 2048 kbps ~ 3072 kbps, echo attenuation is ≥ 14 dB)

Um Interface Specifications

Main characteristics are as follows:

Co-channel interference protection ratio (static): C/I ≥ 9 dB

Interference protection ratio of the adjacent channels:≥ -9 dB

Interference protection ratio of the second adjacent channel: ≥ -43 dB

Wireless channel selection adopts the shared signaling channel mode.

Wireless Channel



ZXG10-BS30 possess MCS-1 ~ MCS-9 modulation and coding modes to support EDGE services. MCS-1 ~ MCS-4 retains the GMSK modulation mode, while MCS-5 ~ MCS-9 uses the 8PSK modulation mode. 8PSK allows 3-bit data over each modulation signal on a wireless path, whereas GMSK allows 1- bit data under the same conditions.

Different coding modes define different sizes of data blocks and channel redundancy codes. In comparison with GPRS that features a mono modulation technique, EDGE is capable of adapting to a more adverse and wider wireless propagation environment.

The following characteristics describe the transmitter performance:

Transmitter phase error:

Phase error of the transmitter is the error between the actual phase and the theoretical one.

Root mean square of the BTS phase error less than 50

and the peak value not over 200.

Transmitter frequency error.

Transmitter frequency error is the error between the actual frequency and theoretical one.

BTS frequency error is less than 0.005 ppm.

Average transmitted carrier power (power amplifier output requirement: 40 W or 80 W):

There is 6-level static power control function. It can adjust downwards six power levels with the step of 2 dB ± 1.0 dB, based on the maximum output power. At the same time, BTS has the downlink power-control function. It can decrease the power from level zero to level 15 with the step of 2 dB ± 1.5 dB, based on the set power level.

Specifications compliant with GSM 11.21 and GSM 05.05 are as follows:

Static layer-1 receiver function (nominal error rate) before channel decoding, which includes following:

i.multiplexing and multi-addressing

ii.Equalizer decryption

iii.De-interleaving

iv.Channel encoding

Static referential sensitivity level: A level set while inputting a standard test signal under the static environment. The Forward Bit Error Rate (FBER), Reverse Bit Error (RBER) or Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the data, generated after modulation and channel

Wireless RF Modulation

Mode

Transmitter Performance



decoding, meets the specified requirements when the level is configured as the referential sensitivity level. Static sensitivity level for reference of GMSK AND 8PSK are as follows:

GMSK: ≤ -108 dBm

8PSK: ≤ -104 dBm

Multi-path referential sensitivity: A level set while inputting a standard test signal under the multi-path environment. The FER, RBER or BER performance of the data generated after modulation and channel decoding meet the special requirements when the level is configured as the referential sensitivity level.

Referential interference level (interference and suppression of same frequency and adjacent channels): The capability that receiver receives the expected modulation signal not over given degraded quality. It is caused by unexpected modulation signal on same carrier frequency (interference of adjacent channel).

Block and spurious response suppression: Test the capability that BSS receiver receives the GSM modulation signal when interferential signal exists.

Inter-modulation suppression: It measures the linear degree of RF part of receiver. It indicates the receiver’s capability of receiving good-quality expected modulation-signals within the given degraded quality when two or multiple unexpected signals exist, which are similar to the expected signal in frequency.

AM suppression: The receiver’s capacity of receiving the expected modulation signal is not over the given degraded quantity when an unexpected modulation signal exits.

Spurious emission: The emission of frequencies, except that of RF channel of receiver and adjacent frequencies.

Capacity Specifications

A single rack of ZXG10-BS30 can be configured with one carrier frequency 40 W (antenna feeder interface outputs 30 W) and supports S 1/1/1 and O2 site type.

Through site cascading, each site supports three cells with six carrier frequencies maximum. Each site supports 4-level cascading and supports S 2/2/2 site type maximum.



Clock specifications

ZXG10-BS30 provides two-level clock with following specifications:

Accuracy: ± 1.0 × 10-9

Pull-in range: ±1.0 × 10-9

Maximum frequency offset: 1 × 10-9/day

Maximum initial frequency offset: 1× 10-7

Reliability specifications

The product successfully passed the CE certification. The personal safety, Electromagnetic Security (EMC) and wireless frequency spectrum comply with international standards.

The mean time between failures (MTBF) of the system is not shorter than 59,000 hours and failure rate is not grater than 50 ppm/h.

Components/Modules Specifications

CMM Specifications

Power supply to CMM is -48 V and it consumes 16 W

ETRM Specifications

Power supply to ETRM is -48 V and its consumption is 160 W

PAU (40 W) frequency range: GSM900, EGSM

PAU (20 W) frequency range: GSM1800

PAU (40 W) rated output power: 46 dBm± 0.5 dB

PAU (20 W) rated output power: 43 dBm± 0.5 dB

In-band power fluctuation: ≤ 1 dB

Dynamic power range: ≥ 42 dB

PAU gain: 40dB

Input SWR of pau: <1.5

Secondary harmonic suppression: ≤ -35 dBc

Tertiary harmonic suppression: ≤ -45 dBc

PA efficiency: ≥ 30%

The spurious indices comply with GSM 05.05 and GSM 11.21.



Heater specifications

Input voltage: AC 220 V/50 Hz

Allowed voltage fluctuation range: 130 V ~ 300 V

Allowed frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz

Maximum power consumption: 300 W

UPS Power specifications

Input voltage: AC 220 V/50 Hz single-phase three-line power

Allowed voltage fluctuation range: 130 V ~ 300 V

Allowed frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz

Rated input current: ≤ 8 A

Maximum rated power: ≥500 W

Output voltage: 220 VAC/50 Hz single-phase three-line power

Allowed voltage fluctuation range: ±20%

Output frequency: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz

Lightning protection box

Input voltage: 380 VAC (three-phase four-line or three-phase five-line) or single phase 220 VAC

Input frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz~65 Hz

Maximum input current: 100 A

Output current: 220 VAC signal port

Output frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz

Lightning protection class: Class B + C or Class C

Multifunctional box specifications

Dimensions: 680 mm × 353 mm (H×W×D)

Weight: 25Kg (excluding the transmission equipment)

Input voltage: 130 VAC ~ 300 VAC

Allowed frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz~65 Hz

Output voltage: 220 VAC single-phase three-line power

Lightning protection class: Class C

It supports built-in HDSL, microwave, satellite or SDH transmission device that is 3U thick and smaller than 19” × 19”.



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C h a p t e r 3

Interfaces and Protocols

This chapter includes the different external interfaces and protocols of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).

Overview Figure 9 shows the ZXG10-BS30 main interfaces in the system

F I G U R E 9 – ZXG10-BS30 EX T E R N AL I N T E R F AC E S

BTS BTSBSC

LMT

MS MS

External monitor

-ing system

Um interfaceAbis interface

MMI interface

Tower amplifier system

Tower amplifiersystem interface

M interface

B interface



ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) provides the following interfaces

Abis and Um interfaces

B-interface (cascaded interface between BTSs)

Interfaces to external environment monitoring system (M interface) , local O&M interfaces

Access interfaces of primary power supply system and grounding interfaces

Abis interface is between BTS and BSC, and Um interface is between BTS and MS. The B interface is actually an extension of the Abis interface. The tower amplification system provides the power supply and the alarm interfaces. The Man-machine Interface (MMI) is an interface between the Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) and BTS. The access interface of the primary power supply system and the grounding interface provide the primary power supply and grounding protection for the system respectively.

Interfaces

Abis Interface

Abis interface is the standard interface between BTS and BSC.

Abis interface sends the signals from BSC to BTS. These signals are generally the standard PCM 2 Mbps E1 signals, transmitted physically in one of the following ways:

Over 75 ohm coaxial cable in unbalanced mode

Over 120 ohm cable in balanced mode

Digital microwaves, fiber transmission (SDH/PDH) or satellite link.

Abis interface supports access of two E1s. Under the normal configuration, one E1 is used as Abis interface connected to BSC and other E1 connected to BTS. Abis interface supports multiple networking modes like star, chain, and tree networking. It also supports 2 bit switching.

When the T150 module is built in, E1_A on the DBCU board is not led out from rack, but directly connected to the E1 interface of the T150 module inside. Other E1 is led out from the bottom of the rack, used for transmitting another channel of E1 signals in the T150 or connecting with other rack.

The circuit service protocol falls into three layers on Abis interface:

Layer-1 (physical layer) is the PCM digital link at 2048 kbps



Layer-2 (data link layer) is based on LapD

LAYER-3 transparently transmits layer-3 messages on A-interface and manages radio resources.

The protocols related to Abis interface are as follows:

GSM 08.52: It specifies the basic principles and rules of the other specifications for the Abis interface. It also specifies how the service functions are divided between BSC and BTS

GSM 08.54: It presents the Abis interface physical structure.

GSM 08:56: It defines the data link layer protocol for the Abis interface.

GSM 12.21: It identifies the O&M message transmission mechanism on the Abis interface.

Table 6 shows the signal definitions of the Abis interface

T AB L E 6 AB I S I N T E R F AC E S I G N AL D E F I N I T I O N

Serial No.

Interface Name.

Line Signal

Signal Definition

Connector Signal Direction

1 A_IN HDB3 Input signal via the E1_A interface

One CC4 connector

BSC → CMM

2 A_OUT HDB3

Output signal via the E1_A interface

One CC4 connector

CMM → BSC

3 D_IN HDB3 Input signal via the E1_D interface

One CC4 connector

BSC → CMM

4 D_OUT HDB3

Output signal via the E1_D interface

One CC4 connector

CMM → BSC

Data format on the Abis interface can be configured flexibly.

Table 7 shows some examples of TS configurations on the Abis interface.



T AB L E 7 - TS C O N F I G U R AT I O N S O N T H E AB I S I N T E R F AC E

O&M signaling at different sites occupies the fixed and multiplexed time slot on Abis interface. During the CMM initialization, the CMM reads the ID signal from the rack top to locate the Time Slot (TS) of the O&M signaling on the Abis interface. For detailed description of ID, refer to ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) – Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual.

The Abis interface has the following four types of TSs:

TCH TS for ETRM service

FUL TS for ETRM signaling

O&M TS for operation and maintenance signaling



External Alarm Monitoring (EAM) TS for transparent environment monitoring channel

Abis interface processing is as follows:

Transparently transmit the TCH, FUL, O&M and EAM between cascaded sites.

On the site, the processes are according to the direction of the signaling as follows:

Downlink: TCH and FUL signals transparently transmitted to each ETRM. The O&M transparently switches to QUICC Multi channel Controller (QMC) (QUICC=Quad Integrated communication controller) interface of CMM in each rack. The CMM identifies the O&M signaling according to Terminal Equipment Identification (TEI) and master rack transparently transmits the EAM signaling.

Uplink: The TCH signaling is transmitted transparently. FUL signaling in the same rack is compressed and packed in the CMM. O&M signaling is multiplexed based on TEI, and master rack transparently transmits the EAM signaling.

Um Interface

Um interface is between BTS and MS.

In PLMN, MS connects fixed part of the network through a radio channel to enable subscribers to access communication services.

To interconnect the MS and BTS, a series of conditions are provided for signal transmission over the radio channel, and a set of standards is set up. This set of specific actions about signal transmission over radio channel is the Um interface.

The Um interface is the air interface between BTS to mobile phones. It is an important interface of the BTS externally .It consists of the following three layers:

The first layer (bottom) is the Physical layer. It consists of various channels and provides the basic wireless channels for upper-level message transmission.

The second layer (middle) is the data link layer with the LapDm adopted. It consists of various data transmission structures and controls data transmission.

The third layer is the highest layer. It consists of various messages and programs and provides service control.

Layer three further consists of three sub-layers:

Radio-Resource Management (RR)

Mobility Management (MM)

Connection Management (CM)



Inter-rack Data/Clock Interface (B-interface)

Inter-rack synchronous signal interface is needed along with E1 interface to support rack extension in the same site. This interface makes sure that the clock of different racks in the same site is synchronized. Inter-rack data transmission uses 4 MHz High Way (HW) cable.

Inter-rack synchronous signal interface uses Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) differential line to transmit 60 ms synchronous clock signals.

BS30 provides two pairs of synchronous clock input/output interfaces which are led out from the bottom of the rack, one pair for input and another one for output. Refer Table 8 for the interface descriptions.

T AB L E 8 - I N T E R -R AC K S Y N C H R O N O U S S I G N AL I N T E R F AC E D E S C R I P T I O N

Interface Name

Connector

Line Signal

Pin Signal Definition Signal Direction

1 ABIS_SYNCLK_IN+

Main rack → Expansion rack

2 ABIS_SYNCLK_IN-


3 ABIS_SYNCLK_OUT+


SYN_CLK

1X6-core round water-proof connector

60ms synchronous clock LVDS clock

4 ABIS_SYNCLK_OUT-


Table 9 shows inter-rack HW signaling interfaces descriptions The BS30 provides three groups of HW signals, one group for input and two groups for output



T AB L E 9 – I N T E R -R AC K HW S I G N AL I N T E R F AC E S D E S C R I P T I O N S

Antenna Feeder Interface

Um interface uses the antenna to implement air transmission of the radio signals between BTS and MS.

Interface Name.

Connector Line Signal Pin Signal Definition

Signal Direction

1 CK13M+ Main rack → Expansion rack

2 CK13M- Main rack → Expansion rack

3 CK_SYNCLK+ Main rack → Expansion rack

4 CK_SYNCLK- Main rack → Expansion rack

6 CK4M+ Main rack → Expansion rack

7 CK4M- Main rack → Expansion rack

8 CK8K+ Main rack → Expansion rack

9 CK8K- Main rack → Expansion rack

11 4M_HWRX+ Main rack → Expansion rack

12 4M_HWRX- Main rack → Expansion rack

13 4M_HWTX+ Main rack → Expansion rack

M_HW

S_HW


60ms synchronous clock LVDS signal

14 4M_HWTX- Main rack → Expansion rack



BS30 provides three antenna feeder interfaces which are led out at the bottom of the rack. Table 10 shows the interface descriptions.

T AB L E 10 – AN T E N N A I N T E R F AC E S D E S C R I P T I O N S

Serial No.

Interface Name.

Line Signal Signal Definition

Connector

Signal Direction

1 Ant_TX/RX

900M/1800M RF transmitting/receiving signal

Antenna feeder transmitting/receiving signal

Feeder antenna↔DPM

(duplexer)

2 Ant_RX

900M/1800M RF receiving signal

Antenna feeder diversity receiving signal

Feeder antenna → DPM

(RX filter)

3 RX_DIV

900M/1800M RF receiving signal

Cascade diversity receiving signal

Waterproof Type N flange connector (covered with waterproof connector when not used; to use it, open the waterproof connector and install cables)

Diversity rack → TRM

Ant_Tx/Rx connects with Rx/Tx antenna and Ant_Rx connects with the Rx antenna. Rx-DIV interface is the extension interface for connecting the Ant_Rx interface of a cascaded rack.

When there is no cascaded rack, only Ant_Tx/Rx and Ant_Rx interfaces are needed, connecting with one Rx/Tx antenna and one Rx antenna respectively to implement the diversity receiving function.

In case of O2 configuration, three antenna feeder interfaces:

Ant_Tx/Rx, Ant_Rx and Rx_DIV and two Rx/Tx antennas are needed to implement the diversity receiving function of the Main and expansion rack. The two Tx/Rx interfaces of the main and expansion racks are connected with two Tx/Rx antennas. The Ant_Tx/Rx interface of the main rack is connected to the Rx_DIV interface of the expansion rack, and the Rx_DIV interface of the main rack to the Ant_Rx interface of the expansion rack. In case of O3 configuration, additional antenna is needed. The three racks are connected one by one to implement diversity receiving function.



Interface with the External Environment Monitoring System

External environment monitoring equipment provides two types of interfaces: serial port communication mode based on RS-232, and communication mode that directly reflects the alarm status in the dry contact mode.

Table 11 shows the description of input/output dry contact interface.

T AB L E 11 – I N P U T /OU T P U T D R Y C O N T AC T I N T E R F AC E D E S C R I P T I O N

Serial No.

Interface Name.

Line Signal

Pin Signal Definition


1 ALM_IN0+ Input externally

2 ALM_IN0- Input externally














1 Relay_ALM1 Trunk node

16 ALM_IN11-


Input externally



BS30 provides one RS-232 interface and eight pairs of trunk node inputs that are led out from the bottom of the rack. For indoor configuration, CMM provides an EAM transparent channel (RS-232 interface) to BSC for the external environment monitoring equipment.

Man-Machine Interface

Man-Man Interface (MMI) is a serial communication interface between BTS and local O&M terminal.

MMI is carried out by the 10-BaseT network interface or RS232 interface between the CMM and local O&M terminal.

MMI can be connected to the serial interface of the local O&M terminal computer or network interface through the ETP of the CMM panel. Refer to Table 12 for MMI interface features.

T AB L E 12 – MMI I N T E R F AC E FE AT U R E S

Signal Definition

Signal Description Feature Signal Direction

TD+ 10 Base-T Tx signals. Manchester Front panel OUT

TD- 10 Base-T Tx signals. Manchester Front panel OUT

RD++ 10 Base-T Rx signals. Manchester Front panel IN

RD-- 10 Base-T Rx signals. Manchester Front panel IN

TXD_debug RS232 Tx signals for debugging.

232 level Front panel OUT

RXD_debug RS232 Rx signals for debugging.

232 level Front panel IN

GND RS232 grounding wire for debugging.

Digital ground Front panel OUT

220 V AC Power Input Interface

220 V AC power supply is provided by the mains or UPS, which is led in at the bottom of the rack to provide power to PWM. Table 13 shows the 220V AC power input interface descriptions.



T AB L E 13 – 220 V AC P O W E R I N P U T I N T E R F AC E

Interface Name.

Line Signal

Corresponding Interface

Signal Definition


AC_IN_L AC phase-line L

AC_IN_N AC phase-line N

AC_IN 220 VAC

AC_IN_PE

AC Protection Earth (PE)

3-core aeronautical socket

External → PSM

PWM provides -48 V DC power supply which is led out from the bottom of the rack. For the interface descriptions refer Table 14

T AB L E 14 – DE S C R I P T I O N O F T H E -48 V DC OU T P U T I N T E R F AC E

Interface Name.

Line Signal



1 -48VDC output

2 48VDC ground output

-48V_EXT -48VDC

3 Protection ground


PWM output

-48 DC Power Input Interface

Table 15 shows the description of 220 V AC Power Input Interface

T AB L E 15 - DE S C R I P T I O N O F T H E -48 DC P O W E R I N P U T I N T E R F AC E

Interface Name.

Line Signal

Corresponding Interface

Signal Definition


-48V_GND -48V ground

-48V -48V input -48_IN -48V

PE Protection ground


External → PSM

PWMD provides the -48 DC power supplies that are led out from the bottom of the rack. For interface description refer Table 16



T AB L E 16 – DE S C R I P T I O N O F T H E -48 VDC OU T P U T I N T E R F AC E

Interface Name.

Line Signal



1 GND

2 GND

3 GND

4 -48V

5 -48V

-48 V_EXT -48 VDC

6 -48V


PWM output

Optical Fiber Access Interface

Optical fiber access interface is used to access the tail fiber in a built-in T150 module. It is led in from the bottom of the rack. Optical fiber access interface descriptions are as sown in the Table 17

T AB L E 17 – OP T I C AL F I B E R AC C E S S I N T E R F AC E D E S C R I P T I O N

Interfaces

Name

line

Signal Pin

Signal Definition

Connector

Fiber Requirement

Signal Direction

Optical_In1

Built-in STM optical fiber input 1

Optical_Out1

Built-in STM optical fiber output 1

Optical_In2

Built-in STM optical fiber input 2

Optical Optical signal

Optical_Out2

Built-in STM optical fiber output 2

Fiber t0068rough socket

Waterproof

tail fiber

STM ↔ Fiber splice tray



Protocols

Two important external interfaces for the ZXG10-BS30 are Abis interface and Um interface.

On the Abis and Um interfaces, ZXG10-BS30 processes the LapD protocol, LapDm protocol and RR/MM/CM protocol. Following are descriptions of the three protocols in combination with the actual system circumstance.

LapD Protocol

LapD (Link Access Procedure on D Channel) is a data Link procedure for signaling transmission between BTS and BSC. It transmits messages between the L3 entities in the D channel.

LapD is a point-to-multipoint communication protocol that utilizes frame structure.

In the ZXG10-BS30, LapD implements the following functions:

Implementation through hardware

Provide one or multiple data connections in D-channel: Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) identifies the data link connections in the frames. DLCI consists of Terminal Equipment Identifier (TEI) and Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI) indicating the service and entity that are accessed.

Delimitation: Location and Transparency of the frame

Error detection

Implementation through software:

Sequence control: Ensuring sequential transmission of the frames

Error recovering

Notifying the management entity of the un-recoverable error

Traffic control

In ZXG10-BS30, LapD is implemented in the LapD module of RSL. Figure 10 shows the position of the LapD module in RSL.



F I G U R E 10 – P O S I T I O N O F L AP D M O D U L E I N RSL

LapD module

OAMM FURRM

Physical layer

BSC

LapD module communicates with the physical layer and L3.

LapD protocol is processed in FURRM.

OAMM configures the parameters such as Terminal Equipment Identifier (TEI) and values of the timer necessary for LapD module running.

LapD module provides two types of information transmission modes for the FURRM: I-frame multi-frame operation and UI frame operation.

L3 message is sent in the information frame mode, which requires the confirmation from the receiver. This mode provides a whole set of control mechanism for error recovering and flow control. It also deals with the establishment mechanism and release mechanism for multi-frame operation.

Figure 11 shows I-frame structure

F I G U R E 11 – L AP D FR AM E S T R U C T U R E

flag Address Control Information FCS flag

SAPI TEI N(S) N(R)

1 0-260 2 1

LapD frame contains the following fields:

Address field: The address field contains the following two identifiers:

TEI: TEI performs addressing for different units through TEI in the Abis interface link.

Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI): Generally, a unit has multiple functional entities, and the logical physical links between different functional entities are identified

I-frame multi-frame

operation



by the functional address SAPI. Links of the three kinds of information are distinguished by SAPI as below:

SAPI=0 represents the signaling link

SAPI=62 represents the O&M link

SAPI=63 represents the management link of the LapD layer

Control field

N(S) represents I-frame’s current sending serial number.

N(R) represents the receiving serial number, the expected sending serial number of the next I-frame, N(R) predict the instruction from the receiving end.

Frame Check Sequence (FCS): FCS is used for error code detection.

Flag: Flag is the beginning and end token of a frame. It is an 8-bit of data starting and ending with 0s and containing six consecutive 1s in between.

L3 message is sent in the no-serial-number frame mode, and the receiver is not required to send the received confirmation after receiving the UI-frame. This operation mode does not provide flow control or error recovering mechanism.

Figure 12 shows the UI-frame structure.

F I G U R E 12 – L AP D UI FR A M E S T R U C T U R E

000 P 0011TEISAPI

Address Control Information

UI-frame structure consists of the following fields:

Address field: It contains SAPI and TEI, which has the same functions as in I-frame Multi-frame Operation

Control Field: In the control field P represents the query bit; if this bit is set to 1, it means to require the response frame from the peer entity

Information field

LapDm Protocol

LapDm is a data link protocol for signaling transmission between MS and BTS. It uses the Dm channel to transmit message for entities of the L3 entities via the radio interface. LapDm is based on LapD with some simplification and modification.

UI-frame Operation



In the ZXG10-BS30, LapDm implements the following functions:

Providing a point-to-point data link connection in a Dm channel and multiple services for the upper layer. The data link connections are identified by the DLCIs in the respective frames. DLCI in the LapDm protocol only contains SAPI, indicating the target service access point.

Supports to the identify diversified frame types.

Supports the transparent transmission of L3 messages between L3 entities.

Sequence control, to maintain the sequence of respective frames connected via data link.

Checking the format and operation errors in the data link layer.

Notifying the L3 entities to process the unrecoverable errors.

Flow control.

Supports access of the burst solution mode after the RACH channel access is instantly assigned.

In the ZXG10-BS30 LapDm is implemented in the LapDm module of Radio Signal Link (RSL). Figure 13 shows the position of LapDm module in RSL

F I G U R E 13 – L AP D M M O D U L E

LapDm module

OAMM FURRM

Physical layer

LapDm module communicates with the physical layer and L3.The L3 protocol is processed in FURRM. OAMM configures the values of the timer necessary for LapDm module running.

LapDm module provides two types of message transmission modes for FURRM: I-frame multi-frame operation and UI frame operation. In terms of frame structure, LapDm eliminates the Frame Delimiter Flag (FLAG) and the Frame Check Sequence (FCS). In LapDm, frame delimitation information is transmitted by means of synchronization scheme of the radio interface without the beginning frame and end frame flags. FCS is not available in the LapDm because the transmission scheme in the physical layer of the Um interface has the error check function.



The L3 message is sent in the information frame mode, which requires the confirmation from the receiver. This mode provides a whole set of control mechanism for multi-frame operations as follows:

Establishment mechanism

Release mechanism

Error recovery and flow control

Figure 14 shows I–frame structure of LapDm

F I G U R E 14 – L AP D M I -F R AM E S T R U C T U R E

SAPI N(S) N(R)

Address Control Information

I-fame in LapDm consists of the following fields:

Address field: It contains SAPI. LapDm supports signaling and sort message service on the radio interface. It distinguishes between the two , using SAPI as follows:

SAPI=0 represents signaling link

SAPI=3 represents the short message link

Control field

N (S) represents I-frame current sending serial number.

N I represent I-frame current received serial number and the expected sending serial number of the next I-frame. It is used to predict the instructions from the receiving end.

Information field

The maximum length of a LapDm frame on the TCH is 23 bytes and on SACCH is 21 bytes. The difference is because of the two special-purpose bytes in each SACCH block. The maximum length of the frame on the radio interface is 21 or 23 bytes, which is less than the need of signaling. Thus defining of segmentation and regrouping is required in LapDm. Therefore, an additional bit is used to distinguish the last packet frame from other frames.

I frame multi-frame

operation



RR/MM/CM Protocol

RR/MM/CM protocol, consisting CM, MM and RR sub layers, is responsible for control and management. It allocates information of the subscriber and system control process into the designated logical channels according to certain protocols.

CM Layer a communication management layer which establishes connections between subscribers, holds and releases calls. This layer provides all control (CC), Supplementary Service Management (SSM) and Short Message Service (SMS).

MM Layer is responsible for mobility and security management, namely, the necessary processing when the mobile station initiates location updating.

It is a radio resource management layer which establishes and releases connections between MS and MSC during the call process.

In the ZXG10-BS30 the radio resource management module and paging module in RSL are used to implement the RR/MM/CM protocol, and perform processing of transparent and non-transparent messages in L3.

BTS is responsible for forwarding transparent messages, without any additional analysis or change.

These are only transmitted between BSC and BTS, and are processed by BTS according to the specific message contents.

Um interface: The signaling on the Um interface includes all messages of RR, MM, and CM and most of the messages are transparent to BTS.

The structure of L3 messages on the Um interface is illustrated as shown in Table 18.

T AB L E 18 – TH E S T R U C T U R E O F L3 M E S S AG E O N T H E UM I N T E R F AC E

TI Flag Protocol Indicator

0 Message Type

Information unit (mandatory)

Information unit (optional)

The protocol indicator is used to indicate the protocol type (RR, CM or SMS.). TI, a transaction flag, is used to distinguish multiple concurrent CM connections. The message type indicates functions of an L3 message.

CM Layer

MM Layer

RR Layer

Transparent messages

Non-Transparent Messages



Abis-interface

On the Abis interface, most of the radio interface signaling messages are transmitted transparently in L3. This protocol performs management over the physical and logical equipment of BTS, equipment start, release parameter control and performance monitoring, to ensure normal communication services. It divides the managed objects into four types: radio link layer, dedicated channel, control channel and transceiver.

The structure of L3 messages on the Abis interface is illustrated in Table 19

T AB L E 19 – TH E S T R U C T U R E O F L3 M E S S AG E S O N T H E AB I S I N T E R F AC E

Message Discriminator T

Message Type

Channel number

Link identifier

Other information cell



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C h a p t e r 4

System Functions

This chapter introduces important functions of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5), including:

Radio frequency

Baseband processing

Signaling processing

Operation and maintenance

Overview

BTS works under the management and control of BSC.

BTS works with BSC to manage:

Radio resource and radio network

Control the establishment

Connection and disconnection of the radio connections between MS and BTS

Control the access

Handover and paging of MS

To provide the adaptation and interconnection of GPRS services

To implement the operation and maintenance of BSS

BTS has the following four major functions to implement the above services:

RF function: Implementing the radio connections between MS and BTS.

Baseband processing functions:

voice encoding

Transcoding and rate adaptation functions, including processing of GPRS/EDGE service.



Signaling processing function: Based on the BSC instructions, controls the establishment, connection and release of the radio connections between MS and BTS. It also controls the MS access, handover and paging, including GPRS/EDGE service.

Operation and maintenance (O&M) function: Provides O&M agent for BSC and implementing radio resources and radio network management and O&M functions for BTS subsystems.

RF Functions

RF functions of the ZXG10-BS30 meet the requirement of GSM 05.05 specifications and features are as follows:

High receiving sensitivity

Flexible configuration

Easy O&M

Diversity receiving

Frequency hopping

Power control

High Receiving Sensitivity

The static receiving sensitivity of the BTS reaches up to 100 dBm. The high sensitivity guarantees performance in the uplink channels of BTS, and is one of the prerequisites for a wide coverage of BTS.

Flexible Configuration

BTS supports 1~3 carriers per site in omni-directional coverage or directional coverage. It supports 1~3 sectors which can be configured flexibly when applicable. Through the adjustment of front-end gain (such as tower amplifier and low-noise amplifier), the loss in different length of feeder of the BTS can be compensated to guarantee consistent receiving system gain.

Easy O&M

OMCR controls RF of the BTS from remote to change the transmit power, transceiving frequency. The alarm signals generated from the RF are reported to OMCR, so that the operators at the background can control the RF operation and understand the operation status.

Chapter 4-Networking and System Config


Diversity Receiving

BTS provide the diversity receiving function. It is implemented by two sets of independent receiving equipment working at the same time. It includes antenna, tower top amplifier (optional), feeder, divider and receiver. The application of the diversity receiving function enhances the anti-fading capability of the BTS receiver. It also enables excellent receiving performance of the BTS even in complex radio transmission environment.

Frequency Hopping

Frequency hopping is an important measure to enhance the BTS performance. Frequency hopping improves the anti-fading capability in the uplink and downlink channels, and also reinforces the security.

BTS supports two working modes: Hopping and Non-hopping. In hopping mode, the transceiver changes the working frequency according to a certain hopping sequence, and in non-hopping mode, the transceiver uses a fixed working frequency.

Power Control

ZXG10-BS30 supports following power control functions:

Static power control ranges up to 12 dB with 2 dB per step. The static power control enables ZXG10-BS30 coverage adjustment.

Dynamic power control ranges up to 30 db, With 2 db per step. BSC can adjust ZXG10-BS30 transmitting power according to the distance between MS and ZXG10-BS30.

Idle time slot transmitting shutoff functions, since there is no downlink signal, BSC commands ZXG10-BS30 to shut off the transmitting power of that time slot. These power control functions increase the efficiency of transmitter and reliability of power amplifier, and minimize the transmitter interference.

Baseband Processing

Baseband processing implements the function of physical layer on Um interface, by processing all full-duplex channel baseband data on one TDMA frame.

In the downlink direction, it performs the following functions:

Rate adaptation

Channel encoding and interleaving



Encryption

TDMA burst generation

In the uplink direction, it performs the following functions:

Digital demodulation

Decryption

De-interleaving

Channel decoding

Rate adaptation

Signaling Processing

ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) processing implements the following two functions:

Interconnection between MS and BSS/NSS on Um interface layer

Management of some radio resource under the control of BSC

Specifically, ZXG10-BS30 signaling processing functions are following:

Wireless link layer management functions

Dedicated channel management functions

Common channel management functions

TRX management function

Wireless Link Management Function

This function supports the following procedures:

Link establishment indication procedure allows ZXG10-BS30 to send BSC an indication that an MS-originated link in multi-frame mode has been established successfully. Through this indication, the BSC establishes Signaling Connection Control Protocol (SCCP) link to MSC.

Link establishment request procedure allows BSC to request to establish a link in multi-frame mode on a radio channel.

Link release request procedure allows BSC to request ZXG10-BS30 to release a radio link.

Link release indication procedure allows ZXG10-BS30 to give BSC an indication that the MS-originated radio link has been released.

Um L3 message transparent forwarding procedure in acknowledgment mode allows BSC to request



ZXG10-BS30 to transparently forward an Um interface L3 message in acknowledgment mode.

Um L3 message transparent receiving procedure in acknowledgment mode: It allows ZXG10-BS30 to give BSC an indication that an Um interface L3 message is received transparently in acknowledgment mode.

Um L3 message transparent forwarding procedure in non-acknowledgement mode: It allows BSC request ZXG10-BS30 to transparently forward an Um interface L3 message in non-acknowledgment mode.

Um L3 message transparent receiving procedure in non-acknowledgment: It allows ZXG10-BS30 to give BSC an indication that an Um interface L3 message is received transparently in non-acknowledgment mode.

Link error indication procedure allows ZXG10-BS30 to give BSC an indication about the abnormity of a radio link layer.

Figure 15 shows the link establishment procedure originated by MS.

F I G U R E 15 – MS OR I G I N AT E D L I N K E S T AB L I S H M E N T

MS LapDm FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC OAM

Dm_DL_EST_IND

DL_DATA_REQ (EST IND) DL_DATA_IND (EST IND)

(SABM)

Set Timer

MPH_CHPIndToRR (CHP

SYNCHRONIZED)

DL_DATA_REQ(CONN FAIL IND ) (CONN FAIL IND)

kill Timer

The process is as follows:

ZXG-BS30 (V1.5) gives the BSC an indication that one multi-frame-mode L2 link as been established on the wireless path.

During the paging, GSM 04.08 MESSAGE PAGING RESPONSE contianed in DL_EST_IND set to FURRM module.

Link Establishment



After the FURRM module sends the EST IND message, there may be two situation:

If the current channel is the TCH activated in the service mode, the synchronization timer enables to wait for the synchronization between CHP and TC.

If the synchronization is not implemented until the timer expires, the FURRM sends the CONN DAIL IND message to the BSC. This message instructs BSC to wait for BTS to release the channel where the conversation cannot be established normally.

Figure 16 Link establishment procedure originated by BSC

F I G U R E 16 – BSC OR I G I N AT E D L I N K E S T AB L I S H M E N T.

MS LapDm FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC OAMM

Dm_DL_EST_REQ

DL_DATA_IND (EST REQ) (EST REQ)

(SABM)

(UA) Dm_DL_EST_CONF

DL_DATA_REQ (EST_CONF) (EST CONF)

BSC requests the BTS to establish a link for point-to-point transmission (SAPI = 3) on the radio channel.

Figure 17 shows the link establishment failure.

F I G U R E 17 – L I N K E S T AB L I S H M E N T F AI L U R E .


Dm_DL_EST_REQ

DL_DATA_IND (EST REQ) (EST REQ)

(SABM)

Dm_DL_REL_INDDL_DATA_REQ (REL IND) (REL IND)

Dm_MDL_ERR_IND

(ERR IND) DL_DATA_REQ (ERR IND)



When the link connection fails, the FURRM receives the Dm_DL_REL_IND and Dm_MDL_ERROR_IND primitives from the data link layer. The latter primitive records the failure cause:“Timer T200 expires for M200+1 times:Execution released abnormally”.FURRM attaches this cause in the ERROR REPORT message and reports it to BSC.

Figure 18 shows link release procedure originated by MS

F I G U R E 18 – MS OR I G I N AT E D L I N K R E L E AS E


Dm_DL_REL_IND DL_DATA_REQ (REL IND) (REL IND)

(DISC)

(UA)

BTS gives BSC an indication that the link-layer connection has been released on the radio channel.If the link layer is idle mode, BTS returns a Dm frame to MS but not notify it to BSC.

Figure 19 shows the link release procedure requested by BSC

F I G U R E 19 – BSC R E Q U E S T E D L I N K R E L E AS E

MS LapDm FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC OAM

Dm_DL_REL_REQ DL_DATA_IND (REL REQ)

(REL REQ)

(DISC)

(UA or DM) Dm_DL_REL_CO

NF DL_DATA_REQ (REL CONF) (REL CONF)

Link Release



Figure 20 shows the link release failure.

F I G U R E 20 – L I N K R E L E AS E F AI L U R E


Dm_DL_REL_R

EQ DL_DATA_IND (REL REQ)

(REL REQ)

(DISC)

Dm_DL_REL_I

ND DL_DATA_REQ (REL IND) (REL IND) Dm_MDL_ERR_IN

D DL_DATA_REQ (ERR IND) (ERR IND)

BSC requests to release a multi-frame-mode link layer connection (SAPI = 3) on the radio channel.

BTS sends the DISC frame and starts the timer T200 at the same time. If the UA or Dm frame is not received until T200 expires, the DISC will be resent and the resend times increased by one. If the failure persists, the Dm_DL_RELEASE_INDICATION and MDL_ERROR_INDICATION primitives from the data link layer will be received in L3. The latter primitive records the failure cause: “Timer T200 expires for N200 + 1 times: Execution released abnormally”.

Figure 21 shows the transmission.

F I G U R E 21 – TR AN S P AR E N T L3 M E S S AG E I N AC K N O W L E D G E M O D E


Dm_DL_DATA_R

EQ

(DATA REQ)

(I frames)

(RR frames)

DL_DATA_IND (DATA REQ)

Transparent L3 Message

Sending and Receiving in

Acknowledgmet Mode



BSC requests to send a L3 transparent message in the acknowledgmet mode to MS.

DATA REQ message contains a complete L3 transparent message in the acknowledgment mode. BTS sends the I frame and starts the timer T200 at the same time. Meanwhile, it records resend times N200 of the I frame. When the T200 expires for N200 times continuously or the REJ frame is received, the BTS sends the ERROR IND message to the BSC.

Figure 22 shows receiving transparent L3 message in acknowledge mode.

F I G U R E 22 – R E C E I V I N G T R AN S P AR E N T L3 M E S S AG E I N AC K N O W L E D G E M O D E


Dm_DL_DATA_I

ND DL_DATA_REQ (DATA IND) (DATA IND)

(I frames)

(RR frames)

BSC forwards the L3 transparent message from MS to BSC. DATA IND message contains a complete L3 transparent message in the acknowledgment mode.

Figure 23 shows the procedure of transmitting a L3 transparent message from BSC.

F I G U R E 23 – TR AN S M I T T I N G L3 TR AN S P AR E N T M E S S A G E I N N O N -AC K N O W L E D G M E N T M O D E

MS LapDm FURRM HPIman LapD BSC OAMM

Dm_DL_UNIT DATA _REQ

DL_DATA_IND (UNIT DATA REQ) (UNIT DATA REQ)

(UI frames)

BSC requests to send a L3 transparent message in the non-acknowledgment mode to MS.

UNIT DATA REQ message contains a complete L3 transparent message in the non-acknowledgmet mode.

Figure 24 shows the procedure of transmitting an L3 transparent message from MS.

Trancereciving of Transparent L3

Message in Non-acknowledment

Mode



F I G U R E 24 – R E C E I V I N G L3 TR AN S P AR E N T M E S S AG E I N N O N -AC K N O W L E D G E M E N T M O D E


(UI frames) Dm_DL_UNIT

DATA_IND DL_DATA_REQ (UNIT DATA IND) (UNIT DATA IND)

BSC forwards to MSC L3 transparent message in the non-acknowledment mode which is received from MS.

UNIT DATA IND message contains a complete L3 transparent message in the non-acknowledgment mode.

Dedicated Channel Management Function

Dedicated channel management functions support the following procedure:

Channel activation procedure allows BSC to make BTS activate a dedicated channel for MS. When the channel activates successfully, it hands-over MS to this channel through an assignment command or handover command.

Channel mode change procedure allows BSC to request BTS to change the mode of activated channel.

Handover detection procedure checks the access of hand-over MS between the target BTS and target BSC.

Encryption start procedure starts the encryption procedure specified in TS GSM 04.08.

Measurement report procedure includes the mandatory basic measurement report procedure and the optional pre-processed measurement report procedure. BTS uses these two procedures to report all the parameters related to handover decisions to BSC.

SACCH deactivation procedure allows BSC to deactivate SACCH channels of TRX according to the requirements of channel release procedure in TS GSM 04.08.

Radio channel release procedure allows BSC to instruct BTS to release a radio channel that is no longer in use.

MS power control procedure allows BSS to control transmitting power of MS related to a specific activated channel.

BS power control procedure allows BSS to control transmitting power of an activated channel in TRX.



Connection failure procedure allows BTS to give BSC an indication that an activated dedicated-channel has been disconnected.

Physical environment content request/confirmation procedure allows BSC to obtain physical parameters of a specific channel, which generally happens before a change to the channel. This procedure is optional.

SACCH fill-in information change procedure allows BSC to instruct BTS to change the fill-in information (system message) on a specific SACCH.

Channel activation

Figure 25 shows the successful channel activation procedure.

F I G U R E 25 – S U C C E S S F U L C H AN N E L AC T I V AT I O N


(CHAN ACTIV)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP

CHAN ACTIV)

(CHAN ACTIV ACK)

DL_DATA_REQ (CHAN ACTIV ACK)

MPH_CHPIndToRR (CHP CHAN ACTIV RESPONSE (ACK)

DL_DATA_IND (CHAN ACTIV)

Dm_PH_CONN_IND (if chan activated)

MS

Figure 26 shows the unsuccessful channel activation

Channel Establishment



F I G U R E 26 – U N S U C C E S S F U L C H AN N E L AC T I V AT I O N


(CHAN ACTIV)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP

CHAN ACTIV)

(CHAN ACTIV NACK)

DL_DATA_REQ (CHAN ACTIV NACK)

MPH_CHPIndToRR(CHP CHAN ACTIV RESP

(NACK))

DL_DATA_IND (CHAN ACTIV)

i. TRX detects MS random access request on RACCH, and activates a channel for MS.

ii. BSC decides the channel to use, and sends the CHAN ACTIV message to the TRX to enable that channel. This message contains the following:

Activation reason (immediate assignment, allocation, asynchronous/synchronous or additional allocation).

Channel ID.

Complete channel description (full/half rate, voice/data, code/rate adaptation, frequency-hopping sequence, key, and so on). If there is encrypted information, BSC uses the encryption activation mode.

iii. When FURRM module receives the CHAN ACTIV message, it sends related information (activation reason, and so on) to Channel Processor (CHP) using HPIMan module, for processing. It reports the results to BSC when the response arrives.

iv. On activation of the channel, TRX responds with the CHAN ACTIV ACK message, which contains the number of the current frame. BSC uses this frame number to decide the Starting Time parameter in the immediate assignment message that it sends to MS.

v. If TRX can not activate the channel, it returns CHAN ACTIV NACK message that contains the failure cause. There may be different possible causes:

O&M interference (for example, channel blocked)

Resource unavailability (for example, without voice encoder)



Equipment error

Channel activated

Figure 27 shows the handover procedure

F I G U R E 27 – H AN D O V E R


(PHY INFO)

Dm_DL_DATA_IND (HANDO

COM)

(HANDO DET)

DL_DATA_REQ (DATA IND (HANDO COM))

DL_DATA_IND (DATA REQ (RR HANDO CMD))

Dm_DL_DATA_REQ ( HANDO

CMD)

(DATA REQ (RR HANDO CMD))

( HANDO CMD)

Dm_DL_RANDOM ACCESS_IND

(HANDO ACCESS)

DL_DATA_REQ (HANDO DET)

Dm_DL_UNIT DATA_REQ (PHY INFO)

T3105

(HANDO COM)

(DATA IND (HANDO COM))

Repeat Ny1 times

DL_DATA_REQ (CONN FAIL IND)(CONN FAIL IND)

T3105, Ny1

(end)

CHP RET NORM ACTIV

Dm_DL_EST_IND (correct L2 frame) DL_DATA_REQ (EST IND)

(EST IND) remark

The handover enables MS to move in the dedicated mode into another channel of another cell.

When BSC receives HANDO RQ message from MSC, it enables the new channel activation procedure. The CHAN ACTIV message send to TRX contains Handover Reference which it uses to detect Hnadover access message from MS.

After the activation of handover channel, FURRM uses the CHP RET NORM ACTIV message to notify CHP to resume the normal mode.

FURRM should save the Handover Reference in CHAN ATIV message, to compare it with the Handover Reference in the Handover Access message that LapDm sent.

Handover



The (RR) HANDOVER COMMAND message is sent on the active DCCH. This transparent message contains the information about new channel:

New channel characteristics

Power command

Physical channel establish procedure indication

Handover reference

Time lead (optional)

Encryption mode setting (optional)

It also controls the connection of MS if it is required to connect in synchronous activation mode.

In synchronous handover, when MS is to connect on the allocated channel, it sends four (RR) HANDOVER ACESS messages on active SCCH in one access burst. This message contains the handover reference-information unit. BTS immediately start sending these messages on the active channel in specified mode with the encryption, if required.

BTS start sending on SACCH, using MS power or MS power with time advance.

When BTS receives one access burst with correct handover reference or one correct decoding frame, it starts the normal receiving procedure on the active channel and SACCH. It also starts the handover detection procedure that is sent to BSC. The measured access burst delay is contained in the HANDO DET message.

In asynchronous handover, when MS is connected to the allocated channel, the first half procedure is the same as in synchronous handover as explained above. After sending HANDO DET message, BTS sends the (RR) PHY INFO message to MS in non-acknowledgement mode on the active signaling channel. At the same time, it starts time T3105. If T3105 expires before receiving a correct decoding frame, BTS resends the message. If no correct decoding frame is received after sending the message for Ny1 times, BTS sends CONNECTION FAILURE message to BSC, with the reason ‘ Handover access failed’. On reception of this message, BSC disconnects the new channel. At this stage, the RR session-release procedure begins: Channel release and link release.

In pseudo-synchronous cell, the procedure is same as that in synchronous cell. When the connection establishes, the MS returns transparent (RR) HANDOVER COMPLETE message on the active DCCH. If the connection fails, the MS returns HANDOVER FAILURE message. On receiving the message, network side disconnects the new channel and starts the RR session release procedure.



The parameters T3105 and sent by Operational And Maintenance Module (OAMM) to the FURRM during the system initialization.

Similar to the link establishment procedure, when a TCH channel is the service mode is set up, it waits for a synchronous message.

Mode change

Figure 28 shows successful mode change

F I G U R E 28 – S U C C E S S O F M O D E C H AN G E


(MODE MODIFY) DL_DATA_IND (MODE MODIFY)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP MODE MODIFY)

MPH_CHPIndToRR(CHP MODE

MODIFY RESP)

DL_DATA_REQ (MODE MODIFY ACK)

DATA REQ (CHAN MODE MODIFY)

DL_DATA_IND (DATA REQ (CHAN MODE MODIFY))

Dm_DL_ DATA_REQ

(CHAN MODE MODIFY)

(CHAN MODE

MODIFY)

DL_DATA_REQ (DATA REQ (CHAN MODE MODIFY ACK))

DL_ DATA_IND (CHAN MODE MODIFY ACK)

DATA REQ (CHAN MODE MODIFY

ACK)

Set Timer

MPH_CHPIndToRR (CHP

SYNCHRONIZED)

DL_DATA_REQ (CONN FAIL IND)

kill Timer

(CONN FAIL IND)

Figure 29 shows the mode change failure.

Channel Mode Change



F I G U R E 29 – F AI L U R E O F MO D E C H AN G E


(MODE MODIFY) DL_DATA_IND (MODE MODIFY)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP MODE

MODIFY)

MPH_CHPIndToRR(CHP MODE

MODIFY RESP)

DL_DATA_REQ (MODE MODIFY NACK)

BSC requests to change the channel mode of an activated channel.

BSC sends a MODE MODIFY message to BTS to trigger reconfiguration of BTS. When BTS receives the message, it moidfies the encoding and decoding algorithms (CHP module imlements this operation), and modifies the in-band mode of BTS-TRAU frame. After it changes into the new mode, the BTS returns a MODE MODIFY ACK message. If the TRX cannot change the mode for some reasons, it returns a MODE MODIFY NACK message.

If the response message indicates the successful mode change and TCH channel changes into service mode,FURRM starts the timer to wait for the CHP SYNCHRONIZED message for the synchroziation between CHP and TC. If it cannot recongize the message, it sends the CONN FAIL IND message to BSC after the timer expires.

At the same time, BSC sends (RR) CHANNEL MODE MODIFY message that contains the new mode to use to trigger the reconfiguration of MS. To this message, MS responds with (RR) CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message to BSC through BTS. If the MS does not support the channel to be modified, it keeps its original mode. In this case it place related information in the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message. These two are transparent message.



Connection Allocation

Figure 30 shows connection allocation procedure

F I G U R E 30 – C O N N E C T I O N AL L O C AT I O N


DATA REQ (ASSIGN CMD)

DL_DATA_IND (DATA REQ (ASSIGN CMD))

Dm_DL_DATA_REQ (ASSIGN

CMD)

(ASSIGN CMD)

Old channel

DATA IND (ASSIGN FAIL)

DL_DATA_REQ (DATA IND (ASSIGN FAIL))

Dm_DL_DATA_IND (ASSIGN FAIL)

(ASSIGN FAIL)

DATA IND (ASSIGN COMP)

DL_DATA_REQ (DATA IND (ASSIGN COMP))

Dm_DL_DATA_IND (ASSIGN

COMP)

(ASSIGN COMP)

Old channel

New

channel

Wireless link changes in the same cell. BSC commands BTS activation through a simple request/acknowledgment procedure (see the CHAN ACTIV and CHAN ACTIV ACK of the ‘access’ procedure).Once BTS activates,the BSC commands the MS to perform channel change through (RR) ASSIGNMENT COMMAND message. When MS changes its settings according to the new information, and establises a new signaling link, the MS sends (RR) ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE message to the BSC. If MS cannot implement the conection allocation for some reasons, it sends the (RR) ASSIGNMENT FAILURE message on the original channel.

FURRM transfers transparently the (RR) ASSIGNMENT COMMAND, (RR) ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE and (RR) ASSIGNMENT FAILURE messages.

Figure 31 shows encryption procedure

To set an encryption mode for the network means two things:

Specifying whether the transmission needs to be encrypted

Which algorithm should be used

Encryption



F I G U R E 31 – E N C R Y P T I O N


(ENCR CMD) DL_DATA_IND (ENCR CMD)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP START

DECRYPTION)

MPH_CHPIndToRR(CHP CRYPTION

RESP (ACK))

Dm_DL_DATA_REQ (CIPH

MODE CMD)

(CIPH MODE CMD)

DL_DATA_REQ (DATA REQ (CIPH MODE COM))

Dm_DL_DATA_IND (CIPH

MODE COM)

DATA REQ (CIPH MODE COM)

(CIPH MODE COM)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP START

ENCRYPTION)

BSC initiates this procedure after receiving the CIPHER MODE COMMAND message from the MSC. The ENCR CMD message that BSC sends to the TRX and related channel contains all information regarding following:

Selection

Loading user data

Encryption equipment

Complete (RR) CIPH MODE CMD message that is sent to MS

When BTS receives ENCR CMD, TRX sends (RR) CIPH MODE CMD to the MS in the non-encryption mode. At the same time it begins the decryption at the same time (the CHP implements this operation). The BTS, in fact here, sends configurations in old mode, and receives configurations in new mode.

Upon receiveing the (RR) CHIPH MODE CMD, MS sets to the new mode, and sends (RR) CIPH MOD COM to BTS. Whenever BTS receives a correct decoded message (in new mode), it indicates that MS has been correctly changed into the new mode. Only after that, BTS changes into the new mode, and start sending in new mode (the CHP implement this operation).

If the TRX cannot implement encryption according to the ENCR CMD requirement for some reasons, the CHP sends the CHP CYPTION RESPONSE (NACK) message to FURRM. FURRM returns an ERROR REPORT message, with the cause, for example ‘Encryption algorithm cannot be executed’.

If the (RR) CIPH MODE CMD message is unrecognized or wrong, the MS returns (RR) RR STATUS message with the cause ‘protocol error unspecified’ and performs no operation after that.



SACCH deactivation

Figure 32 shows SACCH deactivation procedure

F I G U R E 32 – S ACCH D E AC T I V AI T O N


Dm_DL_DATA_REQ

(CHAN REL) DL_DATA_IND (DATA

REQ(CHAN REL)) DATA REQ

(CHAN REL) (CHAN REL)

(DEACT SACCH) DL_DATA_IND (DEACT SACCH)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP

DEACT SACCH)

BSC releases SACCH in BTS according to the (RR) CHANNEL RELEASE proceures. It sends DEACT SACCH message to the BTS to stop transmitting downlink SACCH frames.

FURRM module sends the DEACT SACCH message to CHP for processing.

Radio channel release

Figure 33 shows the radio channel release procedure

When an activated radio channel not in use any longer, BSC sends RF channel release message (RF CHAN REL) to the related TRX and channel. The CHP module processes the channel release. On release of the related resources, BTS returns RF channel release acknowledgment message (RF CHAN REL ACK) to BSC. If CHP cannot release the channel successful, FURRM sends the ERROR REPORT message to BSC.

Channel Release



F I G U R E 33 – R AD I O C H AN N E L R E L E AS E


(RF CHAN REL) DL_DATA_IND (RF CHAN REL)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP RF CHAN REL)

MPH_CHPIndToRR (CHP RF CHAN

REL ACK)

DL_DATA_REQ (RF CHAN REL ACK) (RF CHAN

REL ACK)

Measurement report:

BSC processes MS and BTS measurement results and use these relutls for power control transmission and handover preparation.

MS measurement results in the (RR) MEAS REP message, which it reports once very SACCH block (480 ms). If other signaling is using the SACCH, BSC reports once every two SACCH blocks (960 ms). TRX measures the level and quality of the received signals in the current uplink channel. The average time is the period of one SACCH block. The (RR) MEAS REP message that MS sends to BTS contains the measurement results for the dedicated channel and adjacent cells.

BSC transmits BTS and MS measurement-results on the Abis interface. Refer ‘Basic measurement report’ for details. In addition, BTS and BSC also support pre-processing for these basic measurement data in BTS, to reduce the signaling load on Abis interface. Refer Measurement report pre-processing for details.

Figure 34 shows basic measurement report procedure.

F I G U R E 34 BAS I C M E AS U R E M E N T R E P O R T


Dm_DL_UNIT DATA_REQ (MEAS REP)

(MEAS REP)

DL_DATA_REQ (MEAS RES) (MEAS RES)

MPH_CHPIndToRR (CHP MEAS IND)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP SET TA)

SACCH Procedure



The FURRM receives CHP measuremet report before MS measurement report. As a result, when FURRM triggers group sending of Abis MEAS RESUT according to the CHP measurement report, the problem of timing adjustment arises.

The BTS sends the basic wireless measurement resutls (GSM 05.08 and GSM 05.05) to BSC that MS and TRX generate.

This is default procedure, unless another plan (pre-processing as described below) is used.

The TRX places these results in the MEAS RES message and reports to BSC. The sending of this message is synchronous with the receiving of SACCH block from the MS. If this uplink SACCH block does not contain the MS measurement report, (for example, in case of short messages), the MEAS RES, that BTS sends, indicates this.

Figure 35 shows the measurement report pre-processing procedure.

F I G U R E 35 – M E AS U R E M E N T R E P O R T P R E -P R O C E S S I N G P R O C E D U R E


Dm_DL_UNIT DATA_REQ (MEAS REP)

(MEAS REP)

DL_DATA_REQ (PREPROC MEAS RES)

(PREPROC MEAS RES)


(CHP SET TA)

BTS pre-processes the MS measurement report, and sends it together with the BTS measurement result to BSC, through the PREPROC MEAS RES messsage.

Power control

Power control is of two types

MS power control

BS power control

MS power control:

Figure 36 shows MS power control procedure.



F I G U R E 36 – MS P O W E R C O N T R O L


(MS POWER CONTROL) DL_DATA_IND (MS

POWER CONTROL)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP (CHP SET MS

POWER)

BSC sets the MS power control parameters according to the TRX requirement.

BSC sets the initial parameters in the CHAN ACTIV message. If these parameters are to be changed, the BSC sends the MS POWER CONTROL message to the TRX.

The parameters in the MS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ACTIV message indicate the optional BTS power control. According to the message requirement, TRX tries to control the power control parameter within certain range by changing frame header of the power level L.The CHP module implements this operation.

When BTS performs MS power control, BSC can change the MS power parameter during the connection (for example change by levels).

MS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ATIV messages must contain MS-allowed maximum power value.

BS power control:

Figure 37 shows the BS power control procedure.

F I G U R E 37 – BS P O W E R CO N T R O L


(BS POWER CONTROL) DL_DATA_IND (BS

POWER CONTROL)

MPH_RRCmdToCHP(CHP SET BS POWER)

This optional procedure allows BSC to set the TRX transmission power level or the parameter that TRX uses to control TRX transmission power.

BSC sets the initial parameters in the CHAN ACTIV message. If these parameters are to be changed, the BSC sends the BS POWER CONTROL message to the TRX.



The parameters in the BS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ACTIV message indicate the optional BTS power control. According to the message requirement, TRX tries to control the power control parameter within a certain range, by changing the transmission power. The CHP module implements this operation.

The network design specifications determine the manximum power of TRX. However, BSC can specify a smaller maximum power value in the BS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ACTIV messages.

Physical environmet request/acknowledgment.

Figure 38 shows the physical environment request/acknowledgment procedure.

F I G U R E 38 – P H Y S I C AL E N V I R O N M E N T RE Q U E S T /AC K N O W L E D G M E N T


DL_ DATA_IND (PHYS CONTEXT REQ)

(PHYS CON-TEXT

REQ)

DL_DATA_REQ (PHYS CONTEXT CONF)

(PHYS CON-TEXT

CONF)

This optional procedure enables BSC to obtain physical environment information before the channel change.

It may send physical environment information to a new TRX ( which may be in another cell).

BTS return the PHY CONTEXT CONF message to BSC containing the MS/BS power and TA that are obtained from the channel. BTS does not process the physical enivronment information temporarily.

SACCH fill-in information change:

Figure 39 shows the procedure of modifying the SACCH fill-in information

F I G U R E 39 – S ACCH F I L L - I N I N F O R M AT I O N C H AN G E


DL_ DATA_IND (PHYS CONTEXT REQ)

(PHYS CON-TEXT

REQ)

DL_DATA_REQ (PHYS CONTEXT CONF)

(PHYS CON-TEXT

CONF)



BSC instructs BTS that the new system message ((RR) System Information Type 5/5bis/5ter/6) changes the original system message that the SACCH contains.

BSC sends the SACCH fill-in information in the SACCH INFO MODIFY messsage in the specified channel. It continues to send information in the same channel until th channel is released or changed by another SACCH INFO MODIFY message.

When BTS receives the SACCH INFO MODIFY message, it extracts the system message ((RR) System Information Type 5/5bis/5ter/6). It then sends it to the CHP module to change the original system information. If there is no system message content, it indicates that such system messages are no longer being sent on this channel.

Common Channel Management Function

Common channel management function supports following procedures:

MS channel request procedure triggers when the TRX detects the random access of MS.

Paging procedure is used by mobile called party. It pa pages MS on the specified panging sub-channel. It is started by MSC through BSC. BSC determines the paging team according to IMSI of the MS called. The value of the paging team and the MS IMSI are sent to BTS

Immediate assignment procedure the BSC assigns immediately a dedicated channel to MS that accesses BTS

Indication deletion procedure allows BTS to give BSC an indication that an immediate assignment message is deleted due to the overload on AGCH channel.

CCCH load indication procedure allows BTS to give BSC an indication about the load on the specified CCCH channel.

Broadcast information change procedure allows BSC to instruct BTS to broadcast new system messages on the BCCH channel.

Short message cell broadcast procedure allows BSC to request BTS to send a cell broadcast short message.

Figure 40 shows access request procedure

Access Request



F I G U R E 40 - AC C E S S R E Q U E S T P R O C E D U R E


(CHAN RQD)

Dm_DL_RANDOM ACCESS_IND

(CHAN REQ)

DL_DATA_REQ (CHAN RQD)

When TRX receives MS random access request, it sends the channel request message to BSC.

CHAN RQD message contains the Request Reference parameter (MS-selected random number) and access burst pulse sequence measurement report.

Figure 41 shows immediate assignment procedure

F I G U R E 41 – IM M E D I AT E AS S I G N M E N T P R O C E D U R E

MS LapDm FURRM PAGCHM LapD BSC OAMM

(RR) imm assPAG_ DATA_REQ (PAG IMM ASS)

(IMM ASS CMD) DL_DATA_IND (IMM ASS CMD)

Immediate assignment message is transmitted in downlink CCCH (AGCH) channel.

Immediate assignment message from the network side can be amongst the following:

(RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT

(RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT EXTENDED

(RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT

On Abis interface, it is contained in IMM ASS CMD message, which contains complete ‘immediate assignment’ message and where the ‘paging mode’ unit is set as ‘unchanged’. On receiving this message, FURRM sends it to PAGCHMan sub-module of PAGCHM module. It places the message in the buffer. When the trigger is received from the messages in the waiting queue into the (RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT EXTENDED or (RR)

Immediate Assignment



IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT message and sends to the CHP. Before sending, BTS changes the ‘paging mode’.

If BSC cannot assign channel, it sends (RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT on the same CCCH time slot of the same channel on which it received.

If the downlink CCCH is overloaded, FURRM sends the DELETE IND message to BSC, notifying that it has deleted IMM ASS CMD command.

Figure 42 shows paging procedure

F I G U R E 42 – P AG I N G P R O C E D U R E


DL_DATA_IND (PAG CMD) (PAG CMD)

PAG REQ) TYPE 1/2/3

PAGING

PAG_DATA_REQ (PAG PAG CMD)

Figure 43 shows paging response procedure

F I G U R E 43 – P AG I N G R E S P O N S E P R O C E D U R E


Dm_DL_EST_IND (RR PAG RES)

DL_DATA_REQ (EST IND)

(EST IND)

(SABM) (PAG RES)

Page an MS in the specified paging sub-channel.

The PAG CMD message contains MS ID (TMSI or IMSI) and paging sub-channel number, or additional call-related channel combination indicated to the MS and used for follow-up processing.

PAGCHMan sub-module of the PAGCHM module buffers (RR) PAGing REQuest type ½/3 messages. The PAGCHDaemon sub-module combines, sends and calculates the correct DRX (paging message arrangement) paging block for the correct transmission.

Paging



When MS receives the (RR) Paging REQuest message and is allowed to access the network, it triggers the immediate assignment procedure. SABM triggers the establishment of the main signaling link. The SABM’s information field contains the (RR) PAGing RESponse message.

Short message cell broadcast procedure is as show in Figure 44 and Figure 45

F I G U R E 44 – S H O R T M E S S AG E C E L L B R O AD C AS T R E Q U E S T P R O C E D U R E


DL_ DATA_IND (SMS BROADCAST REQ)

(SMS BROAD-CAST

REQ)

CBCH block nMPH_CBCHMsg

ToCHP

F I G U R E 45 – S H O R T M E S S AG E C E L L B R O AD C AS T C O M M AN D P R O C E D U R E


DL_ DATA_IND (SMS BROADCAST CMD)

(SMS BROAD-CAST CMD)

MPH_CBCHMsgBlkToCHP CBCH page

BSC sends the Short Message Service Cell Broadcast message to BTS. BSC sends these message to BTS with the SMS BROADCAST REQ or SMS BROADCAST CMD message. In these two messages, BSC considers the CBCH capacity and then queue, repeats and transmits the messages. The BSC also splits the SMS Cell Broadcast message on the air interface. The difference between the two messages is the SMS BROADCAST CMD message request for the complete cell broadcast message (sent n every message by pages) and the BTS splits it into blocks. BSC splits the SMS BROADCAST REQ message, 23 bytes per block.

With the SMS BROADCAST CMD message, the BSC can set BTS broadcast to the default mode.When there are not other messages to broadcast in this mode the BTS sends a default message.

Short Message Cell Broadcast



Broadcast information 1 change procedure is show in Figure 46

F I G U R E 46 – B R O AD C AS T I N F O R M AT I O N 1 C H AN G E P R O C E D U R E

MS LapDm FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC PAGCH

DL_ DATA_IND (BCCH INFO) (BCCH INFO)

MPH_ RRCmdToCHP (CHP

SET/STOP BCCH INFO)

(CHP SET CCCH Para.) (SYS INFOTYPE

1/2/2bis/2ter/3/4/7/8)

(PAG SET CCCH Para.)

The BSC indicates BTS about the new system message (like (RR) System Information Type ½/2bis/2ter ¾/7/8) will be broadcasted on the BCCH.

When BTS receives BCCH INFO message, FURRM module sends CHIP SET BCCH INFORMATION message to CHP. If there is any system message, CHP sends CHP STOP BCCH INFORMATION message to CHP, indicating to stop sending these system message to MS.

For the easy observation system message sending, TRU panel of BTS has a signal indicator marked as ‘MOD’.

Following are the different types of system information and their contents:

System Information Type 1 contains RACH control parameters and cell configuration.

System Information Type 2 contains RACH control parameters and BCCH cnfiguration of a adjacent cell.

System Information Type 2bis and System Information Type 2ter are optional messages.They contain BCCH extenstion configuration of an adjacent cell.

System information type 3 contains information of other cell, such as identifier of a location are and cell identity.

System Information Type 4 contains information of control over RACH, identifier of a location are and cell identity.

System Information Type 7 and System Information Type 8 contain parameters of cell reselection.

FURRM extracts three parameters (BS_PA_MFRMS, BS_AG_BLKS_RES and CCH_CONF) from the Control Channel Description Information unit of the System Information Type 3

Broadcast Information 1

change Procedure



message.It sends these parameters to CHP and PAGCHM modules.

Figure 47 shows broadcast information 2 (SACCH FILL) change procedure.

F I G U R E 47 – B R O AD C AS T I N F O R M AT I O N 2 (SACCH F ILL) C H AN G E


DL_ DATA_IND (SACCH FILL) (SACCH FILL)

MPH_ RRCmdToCHP (CHP SET/STOP SACCH

FILL ) (SYS INFO TYPE 5/6/5bis)

BSC indicates BTS that the new system information ((RR) System Information Type 5/6/5bis/5ter) will be sent in the downlink SACCH as fill-in information, generally when channel connection starts (especially after a handover) and the channel changes.

When FURRM receives SACCH FILL message, it extracts the information unit and sends it to CHP module for the system message transmission. If it does not receive the message, it indicates to stop system message sending.

The System Information Type 5 contains the adjacent cell BCCH frequency table. The System Information Type 5bis and System Information Type 5ter contain adjacent cell BCCH extended configuration information. The System Information Type 6 contains the location area ID and cell ID.

When the fill-in information uploaded in the SACCH needs to be changed, the BSC sends a SACCH INFO MODIFY message to BTS. SACCH fill-in information in this message transmits in the specified channel, until the channel is released or changed by another SACCH INFO MODIFY message.

TRX Management Function

This function supports the following procedures:

Radio resource indication procedure: With this procedure, the BTS gives BSC an indication of interference level on the idle dedicated channel of each TRX.

Traffic control procedure: With this procedure, the FUC gives BSC an indication about the overload of this TRX. The overload cause may be CCCH overload, ACCH overload or processor overload.

Broadcast Information 2 (SACCH

FILL) Change Procedure



Error report procedure: With this procedure, the BTS reports BSC about the detected downlink message error that cannot be reported with other procedures.

Figure 48 shows radio resource indication procedure.

F I G U R E 48 – R AD I O R E S O U R C E I N D I C AT I O N


DL_ DATA_REQ (RF RES IND)


(RF RES IND)

Period value

Radio resource indication notifies BSC about the interference level of the idle channel of one TRX.

CHP provides the interference level value of the idle channel. It reports it in the CHP MEASUREMENT INDICATION message, just like the measurement report. This message is reported once every 102 frames (51 multiframes) or 104 frames (26 multiframes).

Load Indication

Figure 49 shows load indication procedure on public channel.

F I G U R E 49 – LO AD I N D I C AT I O N P R O C E D U R E O N P U B L I C C H AN N E L

MS PAGCHM FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC OAMM

DL_ DATA_REQ (CCCH LOAD IND)

MPH_CHPIndToRR (CHP RACH LOAD IND）

(CCCH LOAD IND)

PAG_DATA_IND (PAG PCH LOAD

IND）

DL_ DATA_REQ (CCCH LOAD IND) (CCCH LOAD IND)

Period value & threshold

BTS gives load information to BSC in a specific CCCH time slot, involving RACH and PCH loads.

The CHP calculates the exact load on the RACH. The PAGCHM calculates the load on the PCH. The thresholds and sending period are configured in the OAMM.

Radio Resource Indication

Load Management



General overload

The BTS instructs BSC that the receiver must reduce the traffic. According to the protocol, it indicates the TRX overload, downlink CCCH overload and Associated Control Channel (ACCH) overload.

The TRX processor provides data from the bottom running operating system.The downlink CCH load calculation is same as the above-mentioned CCCH LOAD IND.The CHP provides the RACH load, and the PAGCHM provides the PCH load.The ACCH load calculation is not determined.

According to the negotiation with the BSC, the current general overload (OVER LOAD) is only used to report the RACH load that is provided by the CHP.

Error indication procedure is as shown in Figure 50

F I G U R E 50 – E R R O R I N I D I C AT I O N P R O C E D U R E


Dm_MDL_ERROR_IND

DL_DATA_REQ (ERROR IND)

(ERROR IND)

ERROR IND message that BTS send to BSC indicates that the following abnormalities happen in the radio data link layer.

ERROR IND message contains the related error cause information, including the following causes:

Protocol errors, as listed in sections 5.6.4, 5.7.3 and Appendix G in TS GSM 04.06.

Error with one link layer. In other words, the I-frame is repeated for N200 time but is not acknowledged.

SABM or DISC frame is repeated for B200 times but is not acknowledged.

SABM frame received in the multiframe establishment status.

Figure 51 shows connection failure procedure

CONN FAIL IND message that BTS sends to BSC indicates that one activated channel cannot be used more for some reason.

When BSC receive this message, the network side releases the channel. The message contains the cause parameter, including the following causes:

Radio link fault (Section 5 in GSM 05.08). The BTS judges whether there is any fault according to the uplink SACCH error rate or RXLEV/RXQUAL test.

Error Indication

Connection Failure



Hardware error (for example, decoder fault).

Others

CHP module reports the error to FURM. In addition, in case of failed handover or miss-synchronization between CHP and TC, the FURRM also sends this message to BSC.

F I G U R E 51 – C O N N E C T I O N F AI L U R E P R O C E D U R E


MPH_CHPIndToRR (CHP CONN FAIL

IND)

(CONN FAIL IND) DL_DATA_REQ (CONN FAIL IND)

BTS sends ERROR REPORT message to BSC, notifying the errors that connot be reported with other procedures.

When BTS receives an error message, it ignores the message and reports BSC. Here,the ERROR REPORT is the message involving all error causes other than the CHAN ACTIV NACK for channel activation and the MODE MODIFY NACK for channel mode modification.

The error causes includes the following:

Message ID error

Message type error

Message sequence error

Information unit error

Channel status mismatch

Operation and Maintenance

BTS provides powerful O&M functions to implement management and manitenance of BTS equipment. The functions fall into three parts:


Alarm and status reporting

Online software loading

Error Report



Parameter configuration procedure is as shown in Figure 52 .

F I G U R E 52 – P AR AM E T E R C O N F I G U R AT I O N P R O C E D U R E

C M M so ftw are

F U C so ftw are

C H P so ftw are C IP so ftw are

CMM board receives messages from BSC through Base station Interface Equipment (BIE) using LapD and forward these messages to the application process. CMM configuration process processes the configuration messages and implements the BTS static data configuration. It distributes the BSC parameters and configures the data through HDLC to the ETRM board FUC software that CMM manages. After receiving the configuration message from the CMM software, the FUC software configures the board attributes. At the same time, it notifies CMM software with the successful configuration message, and configures the CHP and CIP.

BTS supports reporting the alarms and statuses to BSC. Figure 53 shows the alarm reporting process.

F I G U R E 53 – AL AR M R E P O R T I N G P R O C E D U R E

BSC

CMM software

FUC software

CHP software CIP software

Fan/AEM/PA/Alarm

Dry contactalarm

CIP software collects its own alarm as well as Fan, AEM and PA alarms, and then reports these alarms to FUC software. CHP software also reports its own alarms to FUC software. FUC


Alarm and Status

Reporting



software reports the collected alarms and its own alarms to the CMM software. CMM software collects the alarms of the backbone nodes, which reports all alarms of this site to BSC through LapD. It also implements some relevant alarm processing such as power amplification shutdown.

Online software loading supports BTS software online loading by BSC.

Figure 54 shows software loading procedure

F I G U R E 54 – S O F T W AR E LO AD I N G P R O C E D U R E

CMM software

FUC software

CHP software CIP software

All software versions are downloaded into the CMM’s FLASH memory from BSC. CMM validates the versions, and loads the software in FUC when it finds any difference with the TRM software.

TRM software is stored in the FLASH memory on the FUC board. After Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is restarted, the FUC software loads the CHP software to the CHP and CIP through the HPI interface.

The software loading procedure is described as follows:

1. CMM sends the ‘software loading initialization’ message to FUC.

2. FUC returns the ‘software loading initialization finished’ message to CMM.

3. CMM divides the software versions into message segments and sends FUC segment by segment.

4. When all software data are sent, the CMM send the ‘software loading finished’ message to FUC.

5. FUC returns the ‘software loading finished acknowledgement’ message to CMM.

Online Software Loading


C h a p t e r 5

Networking and System Configuration

This chapter introduces networking modes, system configuration, and networking examples of ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5).

Networking Modes

ZXG10-BS30 supports multiple transmission modes such as through E1, SDH optical transmission, microwave, HDSL and satellite.

E1 networking and SDH networking modes are commonly used networking modes:

E1 Networking

Based on the site unit, BS30 in E1 networking mode supports star and chain networking. These networking modes are implemented by different connections on the Abis interface in CMM. O&M control board provides two pairs of E1 interfaces, one pair for connecting with the upper-layer network and another pair for inter-site connections.

Figure 55 shows the ZXG10-BS30 star networking.

Star networking is applicable to general cases. In this mode, E1 link directly connects to BSC at each site and BTS equipment at each sit is the end equipment. Star networking mode is simple, easy to expand, maintain and operate. It has very few sections for the signal to pass and is highly reliable. Disadvantage of this is it demand a lot of transmission link.

Star Networking Mode



F I G U R E 55 – ZXG10-BS30 S T AR N E T W O R K I N G

BSC

SITE0

SITE1

SITEn

.

.

.

Figure 56 shows ZXG10-BS30 chain networking

F I G U R E 56 - ZXG10-BS30 C H AI N N E T W O R K I N G

SITE0BSC SITE1 SITE2

In chain networking, signals pass many sections, so the line reliability is poor. This networking mode is applicable to the strap area with a low subscriber density, such as along the highway or railway. Chain networking mode saves a lot of transmission equipment. To prevent the clock performance deterioration, it is recommended no more than four BS30 be cascaded in the chain networking mode.

SDH Networking

In the optical fiber transmission, the SDH backbone network is unable to cover every site, so it is necessary to construct an SDH subnet at each site.

BS30 supports the built-in transmission. BS30 rack can accommodate ZTE T150 optical transmission module to implement the SDH networking at each site.

T150 is a kind of compact SDH transmission equipment. It can be sued to form a ring or chain network topology according to actual distribution of the sites.

Figure 57 shows ZXG10-BS30 SDH ring networking

Ring network features a powerful self-healing capability. When the optical fiber is damaged somewhere, the ring network can self-heal to form a chain network, without interrupting the normal services. Ring network is recommended as long as routers permit.

Chain Networking Mode

Ring Networking



F I G U R E 57 – SDH R I N G NE T W O R K I N G

T150

CMM

T150 CMM

T150

CMM

SDHtransmissionequipment

BSC

E1

E1E1

E1

Opticalfiber

Opticalfiber

Opticalfiber

Opticalfiber

SITE0

SITE2

SITE1

Figure 58 shows ZXG10-BS30 chain networking

F I G U R E 58 – SDH C H AI N N E T W O R K

T150

CMM

SDH transmission equipment

BSCE1

E1

SITE1

T150

CMM

E1

SITE0

Optical fiber

Optical fiber T150

CMM

E1

SITE2

Optical fiber

Chain networking mode is applicable to the strap area with a low subscriber density, such as along the highway or railway. If the spacing between two sites is not far apart and maximum distance between three sites is less than 80 km, and the optical fibers are sufficient, ring networking is recommended instead of a chain networking.

System Configuration

There are many ways to configure BTS. In general, proper number and types of sites are selected to cater the requirement of the operators as well as the concrete geographical environment. The configuration should use the minimum hardware to meet the maximum traffic requirement.

Chain Networking



Number and Type of Sites

Based on the frequency resources and cell planning, a wireless cellular mobile network is divided into multiple cells. Cells in a cellular system adjoin one another, as shown in Figure 59

F I G U R E 59 – C E L L U L AR C E L L S S C H E M AT I C D I AG R AM

C e l l1

C e l l3

C e l l4

C e l l2

C e l l5

C e l l6

C e l l7

C e l l9

C e l l8

A

B

Each cellular cell is covered by multiple radio channels in the system. If an omni-antenna is used, a base station will be at the center of each cell (as A in the diagram). If a directional sectorized antenna is used, the base station will be at the intersection of three cells (as B in the diagram). Such a base station covers three adjacent cells, which is it contains at least three TRXs. Usually, a base station in this kind of network is called a site. The base site with an omni-antenna covers only one cell, while the base site with a directional antenna covers three cells.

There are two types of sites:

O-type site is an omni-directional cell that is all the carriers of the site serve the O-type cell.

S-type site refers to a sectored cell. For typical operations, three-sector site is preferred, that is, each site has three sectors.

Figure 60 shows the two models.

F I G U R E 60 – TY P E S O F S I T E S

O-type site S-type site (3 sectors)

Types of sites



BS Configuration Principles

BS30 rack can accommodate only one TRX, but the BS30 racks can be cascaded to support S222 site (three directional cells and two carriers at each cell)

A cell with two TRXs can be achieved by combined racks. There is only one main rack in each rack combination. The expansions are controlled by the CMM board in the basic rack, which are not capable of O&M controls themselves.

S-type site can be implemented by cascading multiple rack groups. Data and O&M signals are transmitted through the main rack in each rack group, and then to the expansion rack through the main rack. The synchronization clock necessary for the expansion racks in a cell is provided by the main rack in it, and the synchronization clock not needed across different cells.

Modules and equipment that should be configured in a BS30 rack are as show in Table 20

T AB L E 20 – MO D U L E S AN D E Q U I P M E N T CO N F I G U R E D I N BS30 R AC K

Serial No.

Equipment or Module

Configuration Requirement

Qty. Remarks

1 PWM or PWMD

Mandatory 1 AC/DC power supply

2 ETSM Mandatory 1

Main rack is configured with both CMM and ETRM modules, but an expansion rack is configured with ETRM module only.

3 DPM Mandatory 1 Duplex module

4 Rack Mandatory 1

Including the rack, internal and external fans and the cables for the overall system

5 HTM Optional 1 Heating module

6 STM Optional 1 T150 usually serves as the built-in SDH transmission equipment.

Configuration of the basic and

expansion racks

Module Configuration



Peripheral Equipment Configuration of the BS30 rack are as shown in Table 21

T AB L E 21 –P E R I P H E R AL E Q U I P M E N T C O N F I G U R AT I O N I N BS30 R AC K

Serial No.

Equipment or Module

Configuration Requirement

Qty. Remarks

1 Lightning protection box

Mandatory 1

Used for lightning protection of the AC power. Normally, the class-C lightning protection box is used. Under special circumstances, use class-B lightning protection box.

2 Multifunctional box

Optional 1

Multifunctional box is not needed in the case of E1 and T150 transmission, but it is needed when HDSL, microwave, satellite or SDH transmission equipment by other vendors are in place. When the multifunctional box is available, lightning protection box is not needed.

3 UPS Optional *

Used in the case that the AC power supply is beyond BS30 tolerance or in the case the user requires the backup power in the case of AC power failure.

4 Power splitter Optional *

Used in the configuration of a cell with two physical sectors.

5 Antenna feeder equipment

Mandatory *

Including antenna, feeder, and antenna feeder lightning arrester and other devices.

Configurations of Peripheral

Equipment



Antenna configuration:

Based on different field strength coverage, there are two types of BS antenna: omni-antenna and directional antenna.

Omni-antenna provides omni-directional coverage, and saves the cost of BS construction. But its relatively low antenna gain leads to a relatively poor performance in anti-interference.

Directional antenna is directional, so it has a high antenna gain and a strong anti-interference capability. To ensure a full-coverage of the service area, multiple antennas should be combined together.

In polarization directions, BTS antennae are classified into bipolarization antenna (bipolar directions of two antenna are perpendicular to each other) and unipolarization antenna.

Mobile communication system usually adopts the unipolarization antenna. To use fewer antennas, the bipolarization antenna is a good choice.

Configurations of antenna are closely related to carrier configurations. The correspondence relationship between them is as shown in Table 22.

T AB L E 22 – TH E C O R R E S P O N D E N C E R E L AT I O N S H I P B E T W E E N C AR R I E R AN D C O N F I G U R AT I O N S I N A C E L L

TRX Quantity Antenna Quantity and Configuration

1 Two unipolarization antennas (TX/RX, RX) or one bipolarization antenna

2 Two unipolarization antennas (TX/RX, RX/RX) or one bipolarization antenna

For a cell with three or more carriers, the above combinations are not recommended. But it can be implemented by adding more antennas.

RF cable configuration:

RF cables include the RF connection cables from the DPM to the bottom of the rack and those from the ETRM to DPM. They are semi-flexible FR cables.

Typical Configurations

Figure 61 shows the basic configuration of O1-Type site

Configuration of Antenna

Feeder

O1-Type site



F I G U R E 61 – O1-T Y P E S I T E C O N F I G U R AT I O N

Optical fiber

BS30

Externalpower

lightningprotection

box

AC220V Input

AC220V inputFeeder antenna

lightning arresterFiber splice

trayTail fiber input

TX/RX RX

BS30 rack is single-carrier BTS in O1-Type site basic configuration with an external power lightening protection box. After the optical fiber is spliced through the fiber splice tray, the tail fiber is connected to the built-in T150 module of BS30. Two unipolarization antenna (one Tx/Rx antenna and one Rx antenna) or only one bipolarization antenna are configured to implement diversity receiving.

Figure 62 shows O2-Type site configuration

There is one main BS30 rack (with a CMM module and TRX carrier) in O2-Type site basic configuration and one expansion rack (with a TRX carrier but without CMM module). The main rack and expansion one are connected through a cable with D-type connecters. The external dry contact alarms are transmitted to the CMM module in the main rack.

F I G U R E 62 – O2-T Y P E S I T E C O N F I G U R AT I O N

O2-Type site



T150 module is available in the main rack only. After the optical fiber is spliced through the fiber splice tray, the tail fiber is connected to the built-in T150 module in the main BS30, and then to the expansion rack through a HW.

One bipolarization antenna or two unipolarization antennae (with shared Tx/Rx antennas) should be configured. A channel of signals received in the main rack is amplified through the LNA and transmitted to the expansion rack as diversity signals. They implement diversity receiving of the carrier of the expansion rack, along with the Rx/Tx antenna in the expansion rack. Similarly, a channel of signals received in the expansion rack is amplified through the LNA and transmitted to the main rack as diversity signals. They implements diversity receiving of the carrier of the main rack, along with the Rx/Tx antenna in the main rack.

Figure 63 shows S11-Type site basic configuration

F I G U R E 63 – S11 TY P E S I T E C O N F I G U R AT I O N

External power lightning

protection box

AC220V input

Fiber splice tray

Tail fiber input

Optical fiber

BS30

Feeder antenna lightning arrester

TX/RX RX

expansion

BS30

E1


TX/RX RX

main

Configuration of S11-Type site is same as that of O2_Type site. There are two BS30 racks which share one external power lightning protection box.

S11-Type site



T150 transmission module is configured in the main rack only. Connect the optical fiber is spliced through the fiber splice tray. And the tail fiber is connected to the built-in T150 module of the main rack, and then the expansion rack through a HW. It is unnecessary to transmit the synchronization signal between the main rack, and then the expansion rack.

Each cell in the S11_Type site needs a separate feeder antenna system, and there is no RF connection line between two racks. For the S11-Type site, each cell should be configured with either two unipolarization antennae (one Tx/Rx antenna and one Rx antenna) or only one bipolarization antenna to implement diversity receiving.

Figure 64 shows S111-Type site basic configuration

F I G U R E 64 – S111-T Y P E S I T E B AS I C C O N F I G U R AT I O N

BS30

main

External power lightning

protection box

AC220V input


Fiber splice trayTail fiber input

BS30

expansion

Optical fiber

E1

TX/RX RX

BS30


TX/RX RX


TX/RX RX

expansion

E1

S111-Type site is configured with one main and two expansion racks, which share one power lightning protection box.

Built-in transmission module is available in the main rack only; it is connected to the two expansion rack through HWs.

Each sector in the S111-Type site needs a separate feeder antenna system, and there is no RF connection line between any two racks. For the S111-Type site, each cell should be configured with either two unipolarization antennas (one Tx/Rx

S111-Type site



antenna and one Rx antenna) or only one bipolarization antenna to implement diversity receiving.

Figure 65 shows the S222-Type site basic configuration

F I G U R E 65 – S222 TY P E S I T E B AS I C C O N F I G U R AT I O N

Optical fiber tray

Optical fiber access

BS30

Antenna feeder lightening arrestor

TX/RX

expansion

BS30

HW


TX/RX

main

Diversity antenna feeder

BS30BS30

HW


TX/RX

TX/RX

External power

lightening protection

box

AC220V

Input

BS30BS30

HW

Diversity antenna

feeder


TX/RX

TX/RX



Diversity

antenna feeder

expansion

expansion

main

main

Synchronization

E1

S222-Type site



Each sector of the S222-type site is configured with one main BS30 rack and one expansion rack. There are six racks in total that share one power lightning protection box.

Built-in transmission module is configured in one main rack only and the main rack in the three sectors is cascaded through E1 lines. Main rack is connected to the expansion rack in this sector through an E1 line. Synchronization signals should be transmitted through the main and expansion racks to implement synchronization.

Configurations of the antenna feeder and the RF connections in each sector are exactly the same as those in the O2-type site.


A p p e n d i x A

CE Statement

Before using this GSM Macro Base Transceiver Station, read this important RF energy awareness, control information and operational instructions to ensure compliance with the CE RF exposure guidelines.

The assessment of compliance boundary is performed by calculation in accordance with EN50383:2002.

Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance will void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to the CE Rules. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

For OUTDOOR use, a Directional Antenna with a maximum gain of 11dBi is authorized for use with this unit. Outside antennas must be positioned to observe minimum separation of 3M (9.84 feet) for 900MHz unit and 2.2M (7.22 feet) for 1800MHz unit from all users and bystanders. For the protection of personnel working in the vicinity of outside antennas, the following guidelines for minimum distances between the human body and the antenna must be observed.

The installation of an OUTDOOR antenna must be such that, under normal conditions, all personnel cannot come within 3M (9.84 feet) for 900MHz unit and 2.2M (7.22 feet) for 1800MHz unit from the outside antenna. Exceeding this minimum separation will ensure that the worker or bystander does not receive RF-exposure beyond the Maximum Permissible Exposure according to section EN50383:2002 limits for Controlled Exposure.



This page is intentionally blank


A p p e n d i x B

Abbreviation

Abbreviation Full Name

A

AB Access Burst

Abis Abis

AC Alternating Current

ACT Activation

AGCH Access granted Channel

ARFCN Absolute Radio Frequency Channel No

AUC Authentication Center

AEM Antenna Equipment Module

B

BCCH Broadcast Control Channel

BCH Broadcast Channel

BCU Backboard Connection Unit

BP Burst Period (pulse)

BSC Base Station Controller

BSS Base Station Subsystem

BTS Base Transceiver Station

BTSM BTS Management

C

CBCH Cell Broadcast Control Channel

CCCH Calling Control Channel

CCH Common Channel

CELL Cellular

CELP Code Excited Linear Prediction Coding

CHP Channel Processor

C/I Carrier to Interference Ratio




CIP Carrier Interface Processor

CLK Clock

CM Communication Management

CMM Controller & Maintenance Module

CS Circuit Switched

CSU Cross Switch Unit

CU Carrier Unit

D

DB Data Base

DB Dummy Burst

DBS Data Base Subsystem

DC Direct Current

DCCH Dedicated Control Channel

DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier

DPM DuPlexer Module

DRX Discountinued Receiving

DSP Digital Signal Processor

DTX Discontinuous Transmission

E

EAM External Alarm monitoring

E1 E1

ECU Environment Control Unit

EIR Equipment Identity Register

ETP External Test Port

F

FACCH Fast Associated Control Channel

FB Frequency correction Burst

FCCH Frequency Correction Channel

FCDU “F” Combiner Distribution Unit

FCLK Frame Clock

FCS Frame Check Sequence

FDMA Frequency Division Multiplex Access

FN Frame Number

FS Full Speed

FU Frame Unit

FUC Frame Unit Controller

Appendix C



FURRM Frame Unit controller Radio Resource management Module

G

GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node

GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying

GPRS General Packet Radio Service

GSM Globe System for Mobile communication

H

HDB3 High Degree Bipolar coding

HDLC High Level Data Link Controller

HLR Home Location Register

HPI Host Processor Interface

HTM HeaTing Module

HW HighWay

I

ID IDentification/IDentity

IMEI International Mobile station Equipment Identity

I/Q In phase/quadrature

L

LapD Link Access Procedure “D” Channel

LapDm Link Access Procedure “Dm”(mobile “D”) Channel

LLC Logical Link Control

LM Local Manager

LMT Local Manager Terminal

LNA Low Noise Amplifier

LO Local Oscillator

LP Local Poll

LPF Loop Filter

LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signaling

M

MAC Medium Access Control

MB Micro-BTS

McBSP Multi-channel Buffer Serial Port

MM Mobility Management

MMI Man-Machine Interface

MO Manage Object




MS Mobile Station

MSC Mobile Switch Center

MSS Mobile Switch System

MTBF Mean Time Between Failures

N

NB Normal Burst

NCPU Network Control Processing Unit

O

OAMM Operational And Maintenance Module

OBCLK Octet Binary clock

OMC Operation and Maintenance Center

OSS Operate & Support System

OU Optical Unit

P

PA Power Amplifier

PACCH Packet Associated Control Channel

PAGCH Packet Access granted Channel

PAGCHM PCH&AGCH Management

PAU Power Amplifier Unit

PBCCH Packet Broadcast Control Channel

PCB Printed Circuit Board

PCCCH Packet Common Control Channel

PCH Paging Channel

PCM Pulse Code Modulation

PCU Packet Control Unit

PLMN Public Land Mobile Network

PDTCH Packet Data Traffic Channel

PLL PhaseLock Loop

PNCH Packet Notification Channel

PPCH Packet Paging Channel

PRACH Packet Random Access Channel

PS Power Supply

PSI Packet System Information

PTCCH Packet Timing advance Control Channel

PU Power Unit

PWM PoWer Module

Appendix C



PTM Point To Multipoint

R

RACH Random Access Channel

RCU Radio Carrier Unit

RF Radio Frequency

RLC Radio Link Control

RM Remote Management

RR Radio Resource management

RSL Radio Signal Layer

RX Receiver

S

SACCH Slow Associated Control Channel

SAPI Service Access Point Indicator

SABM Set Asynchronous Balance Mode

SB Synchronization Burst

SCCP Signaling Connection Control Point

SCH Synchronization CHannel

SDCCH Stand Alone Dedicated Control Channel

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node

SMC Short Message Center

SMS ShortMessage Service

SNDCP Subnetwork Dependent Convergence protocol

SSM Subjoin Service Management

STM SDH Translation Module

SYNCLK SYNchronous CLocK

T

TA Timing Advance

TAI Timing Advance Index

TC Transcoder

TCH Traffic Channel

TDMA Time Division Multiple Access

TEI Terminal Equipment Identification

TI Transaction Identification

TPF Tracking Phase lock Frequency synthesizer

TPU Transceiver Process Unit




TRM Transceiver Module

TRX Transceivers

TS Time Slot

TSC Training Sequence Code

TSM Transceiver for Station Module

TU Tributary Unit

Tx Transmitter

U

Um Um

USF Uplink State Flag

V

VCO Voltage Control Oscillator

VLR Visitor Location Register

VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

8-PSK 8-Phase Shift Keying


A p p e n d i x C

Figures

Figure 1 – ZXG10-BS30 Rack ...............................................6 Figure 2 - ZXG10-BSS Position in a GSM/GPRS Network...........7 Figure 3 – ZXG10-BS30 Working Principle............................ 10 Figure 4 – ZXG10-BS30 Hardware Structure......................... 12 Figure 5 - DPM Structure ................................................... 14 Figure 6 - Software Modules of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) .............. 15 Figure 7 – CMM Software Module Structure .......................... 16 Figure 8 – FUC Software Module ......................................... 20 Figure 9 – ZXG10-BS30 External Interfaces.......................... 32 Figure 10 – Position of LapD Module in RSL .......................... 45 Figure 11 – LapD Frame Structure ...................................... 46 Figure 12 – LapD UI Frame Structure .................................. 47 Figure 13 – LapDm Module ................................................ 48 Figure 14 – LapDm I-frame Structure.................................. 48 Figure 15 – MS Originated Link Establishment ...................... 57 Figure 16 – BSC Originated Link Establishment. .................... 58 Figure 17 – Link Establishment Failure................................. 59 Figure 18 – MS Originated Link Release ............................... 59 Figure 19 – BSC Requested Link Release.............................. 60 Figure 20 – Link Release Failure ......................................... 60 Figure 21 – Transparent L3 Message in Acknowledge Mode..... 61 Figure 22 – Receiving transparent L3 Message in Acknowledge Mode .............................................................................. 61 Figure 23 – Transmitting L3 Transparent Message in Non-Acknowledgment mode ..................................................... 62



Figure 24 – Receiving L3 Transparent Message in Non-Acknowledgement Mode .................................................... 62 Figure 25 – Successful Channel Activation............................ 64 Figure 26 – Unsuccessful Channel Activation ........................ 65 Figure 27 – Handover ....................................................... 66 Figure 28 – Success of Mode Change................................... 68 Figure 29 – Failure of Mode Change .................................... 69 Figure 30 – Connection Allocation ....................................... 70 Figure 31 – Encryption ...................................................... 71 Figure 32 – SACCH Deactivaiton ......................................... 72 Figure 33 – Radio Channel Release ..................................... 73 Figure 34 Basic Measurement Report.................................. 73 Figure 35 – Measurement Report Pre-processing Procedure .... 74 Figure 36 – MS Power control............................................. 75 Figure 37 – BS Power Control............................................. 75 Figure 38 – Physical Environment Request/Acknowledgment... 76 Figure 39 – SACCH Fill-in Information Change ...................... 76 Figure 40- Access Request Procedure .................................. 78 Figure 41 – Immediate Assignment Procedure ...................... 78 Figure 42 – Paging Procedure............................................. 79 Figure 43 – Paging Response Procedure............................... 79 Figure 44 – Short Message Cell Broadcast Request Procedure . 80 Figure 45 – Short Message Cell Broadcast Command Procedure..................................................................................... 80 Figure 46 – Broadcast Information 1 Change Procedure ......... 81 Figure 47 – Broadcast Information 2 (SACCH FILL) Change .... 82 Figure 48 – Radio Resource Indication ................................. 83 Figure 49 – Load Indication Procedure on Public Channel ....... 83 Figure 50 – Error Inidication Procedure................................ 84 Figure 51 – Connection Failure Procedure ............................ 85 Figure 52 – Parameter Configuration Procedure .................... 86 Figure 53 – Alarm Reporting Procedure................................ 87 Figure 54 – Software Loading Procedure .............................. 87 Figure 55 – ZXG10-BS30 Star Networking............................ 90 Figure 56 - ZXG10-BS30 Chain Networking .......................... 90 Figure 57 – SDH Ring Networking ....................................... 91 Figure 58 – SDH Chain Network ......................................... 91

Appendix C


Figure 59 – Cellular Cells Schematic Diagram ....................... 92 Figure 60 – Types of Sites ................................................. 92 Figure 61 – O1-Type Site Configuration ............................... 96 Figure 62 – O2-Type Site Configuration ............................... 96 Figure 63 – S11 Type Site Configuration .............................. 97 Figure 64 – S111-Type Site Basic Configuration .................... 98 Figure 65 – S222 Type Site Basic Configuration .................... 99


A p p e n d i x D

Tables

Table 1 Chapter Summary .................................................. ii Table 2 Typographical Conventions ..................................... iii Table 3 Mouse Operation Conventions ................................. iv Table 4 – Abis Interface Basics ........................................... 24 Table 5 - Abis Interface Electrical Features.......................... 25 Table 6 Abis Interface Signal Definition............................... 34 Table 7 - TS Configurations on the Abis Interface ................. 35 Table 8 - Inter-rack Synchronous Signal Interface description 37 Table 9 – Inter-rack HW Signal Interfaces Descriptions .......... 38 Table 10 – Antenna Interfaces Descriptions.......................... 39 Table 11 – Input/Output Dry Contact Interface Description..... 40 Table 12 – MMI Interface Features ...................................... 41 Table 13 – 220 V AC Power Input Interface .......................... 42 Table 14 – Description of the -48 V DC Output Interface ........ 42 Table 15 - Description of the -48 DC Power Input Interface ... 43 Table 16 – Description of the -48 VDC Output Interface ......... 43 Table 17 – Optical Fiber Access Interface Description............. 44 Table 18 – The Structure of L3 Message on the Um Interface.. 50 Table 19 – The Structure of L3 Messages on the Abis Interface50 Table 20 – Modules and Equipment Configured in BS30 Rack . 93 Table 21 –Peripheral Equipment Configuration in BS30 Rack... 94 Table 22 – The Correspondence Relationship Between Carrier and Configurations in a Cell ............................................... 95


A p p e n d i x E

Index

220V AC Power Input Interface....................................36

-48 DC Power Input Interface37 Abis Interface.....................28 Access Request...................70 Antenna Feeder Interface .....33 APP Layer ..........................13 Broadcast Information 1 change

Procedure.......................74 BS Configuration Principles ...85 BS power control ................68 Carrier Interface Processor ...15 Chain Networking................83 Chain Networking Mode .......82 Channel Establishment.........57 Channel Mode Change .........61 Channel Processing Module...15 CMM Specifications..............24 Common Channel Management

Function.........................70 Configuration of Antenna feeder

....................................86 Configuration of the basic and

expansion racks ..............85 Configurations of Peripheral

Equipment......................86 Connection Failure...............77 Controller and Maintenance

Module...........................10 Data Base Subsystem..........13 Dedicated Channel Management

Function.........................56 Diversity Receiving..............49 Downlink .............................6 DPM....................................8 E1 Networking ....................81 Easy O&M ..........................48 Encryption .........................63 Error Indication...................77 Error Report .......................78 ETRM Specifications.............24 ETSM ..................................7 Flexible configuration...........48

Frame Unit Controller .......... 13 Frequency Hopping ............. 49 Handover .......................... 59 Heater specifications ........... 25 High Receiving Sensitivity .... 48 HTM....................................9 Immediate Assignment........ 71 Interface with the External

Environment Monitoring system .......................... 35

Inter-rack data/clock interface.................................... 32

LapD Protocol..................... 39 LapDm Protocol .................. 41 Lightning protection box ...... 25 Link Establishment.............. 51 Link Release....................... 53 LMComm........................... 13 LNKCTRL ........................... 12 LNKDRV ............................ 12 Load Management .............. 76 Local Maintenance Unit ........ 13 Man-Machine Interface ........ 36 Module Configuration........... 85 MS power control................ 67 Multifunctional box

specifications.................. 25 Number and Type of Sites .... 84 O1-Type site ...................... 87 O2-Type site ...................... 88 Online Software Loading ...... 80 Operation Support System ... 12 Optical Fiber Access Interface38 Paging .............................. 72 Parameter configuration....... 79 PAU ....................................8 Power Control .................... 49 pSOS+ operating System..... 11 PWM and PWMD ...................9 Radio Resource Indication .... 76 RCU....................................8 Ring Networking ................. 82 RR/MM/CM Protocol............. 44



RUNCTRL .......................... 12 S111-Type site................... 90 S11-Type site .................... 89 S222-Type site................... 90 SACCH Procedure ............... 66 SDH Networking................. 82 Short Message Cell Broadcast73 Star Networking Mode......... 81 STM/HDSL........................... 9 TPU .................................... 8

TRX Management Function ...75 Types of sites .....................84 Typical Configurations..........87 Um interface ......................31 Um Interface Specifications ..21 Uplink .................................6 UPS Power specifications ......25 Wireless Link Management

Function.........................50

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