Compare and contrast CBDs and edge cities

Explain the difference between sprawl and smart growth.

Explain the difference between gentrification and urban revitalization

Sketch the following models:BurgessHarris and UllmanHoytLatin America

People to know:1. Carl Sauer2. Thomas Malthus3. Rostow4. Wallerstein5. Von Thunen6. Weber7. Christaller 8. Burgess9. Hoyt10.Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman

Summarize each of the following. Sketch the urban models

1. Thomas Malthus2. Rostow3. Wallerstein4. Von Thunen5. Weber6. Christaller 7. Burgess8. Hoyt9. Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman

Sketch and label their idea.1.Thomas Malthus2.Rostow3.Wallerstein4.Von Thunen5.Weber6.Christaller 7.Burgess8.Hoyt9.Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman

People to know:1. Carl Sauer Culture2. Thomas Malthus Population3. Rostow Development4. Wallerstein Development5. Von Thunen Agriculture6. Weber Industrial7. Christaller Urban8. Burgess Urban9. Hoyt Urban10. Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman Urban

People to know:•Carl Sauer: cultural landscape•Thomas Malthus: population growth faster than food supply would mean disaster•Rostow: stage of economic development•Wallerstein: core-periphery model•Von Thunen: location theory for agriculture•Weber: location theory for industry/manufacturing•Christaller : central place theory•Burgess: Concentric urban model•Hoyt: Sector: urban model•Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman : multiple nuclei urban model

People to know:1.cultural landscape2.population growth faster than food supply would mean disaster3.stage of economic development4.core-periphery model5.location theory for agriculture6.location theory for industry/manufacturing7.central place theory8.Concentric urban model9.Sector: urban model10.multiple nuclei urban model

• Carl Sauer: cultural landscape

• Thomas Malthus: population growth faster than food supply

• Rostow: stage of economic development

• US economist Walter Rostow, argued that countries would progress through five stages

Progressive stages of economic growth.

Rostow Model

Strength of the Modernization model:

• Over the long term, all countries are capable of development.

• It has proved to works for some countries: Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan (Asian Dragons) the American South, Czech Republic, Ireland

Rostow’s model did not account for regional constraints

• Wallerstein: core-periphery model

• Immanuel Wallerstein, a leading advocate of the approach characterizes the world system as a set of mechanisms which redistributes resources from the periphery to the core.

Dependency School of Thought/Model (1970s). Sees low development levels as

being a result of the LDCs economic dependency on the MDCs.

Dependency real world strategies.• Invest and improve human welfare (education,

health, food, water, and shelter needs).• redistribute capital in more even manner

(socialism)• a bottom-up strategy

• import substitution: an LDC tries to develop its own industries instead of importing manufactured goods from the MDCs

• nationalization: To convert from private to governmental ownership and control (natural resources)

• high import tariffs (to protect infant home-grown industries)

• Self sufficiency (economic independence)

Von Thunen’s Agricultural Von Thunen’s Agricultural ModelModel

A land use model used to A land use model used to explain the importance of explain the importance of proximity to the market in proximity to the market in

the choice of crops on the choice of crops on commercial farms(this commercial farms(this created a concentric created a concentric

pattern: circles sharing pattern: circles sharing the same centersthe same centers)

Because farmers must pay to transport their produce to the market, and these costs are directly proportional to distance, the profit for each product declines as a straight line with increasing distance from the market

Weber’s least cost theory accounted for the location of a manufacturing plant in terms of the owner’s desire to minimize

three categories of costs. 1. Transportation

2. Labor

3. Agglomeration

Do Activity

Weber's model attempts to explain industrial location.

B. Transporting raw materials costs less

than finished product (maybe finished

product delicate/more packaging)

C. Transporting raw materials costs more than finished product

(loss in bulk)

• Christaller : central place theory

FR Define and describe the major principles of Walter Christaller’s central place

theory. central place: a settlement in which certain types of goods and services are available to consumers.

Walter Christaller formulated theCentral place theory: A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services.

larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements

larger settlements provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther.

towns and cities (central places) tend to be arranged in clear, orderly hierarchies

Under ideal circumstances (on flat plains, with good transportation in every direction),with hexagonal-shaped market areas of different sizes arranged around different-sized places

FR Draw a diagram to help illustrate the central place theory.Extra material in notes to help understand for the FR

Note: look at the 4 different size of market areas

• Burgess: Concentric urban model

• Hoyt: Sector: urban model

• Harris Ullman : multiple nuclei urban model

sketch

CARL Sauer: Cultural Landscape

Malthus: Malnutrition

Malthus: too many mouths to feed

Rostow: Stages of development

Wallerstein: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall

core

periphery

Von Thunen: Vons Transportation

Weber: Spiderman spins webs for man=manufacturing

Christaller: Christ has a central place in Christians hearts

Burgess: Bulls eye

Hoyt: Hot

Sector Model=Sexy model

Harris Ullman: Harris and Ullman have multiple partners