compensation strategy of idiom translation in novel...
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COMPENSATION STRATEGY OF IDIOM TRANSLATION IN NOVEL “THE
RUNAWAY JURY (JURI PILIHAN)” BY JOHN GRISHAM
A Thesis
Submitted to Faculty of Adab and Humanities in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for The Strata One (S1) Degree
Dicky Hapita Putra
1111026000029
ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH
JAKARTA
2016
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ABSTRACT
Dicky Hapita Putra, Compensation Strategy of Idiom Translation in Novel “The
Runaway Jury (JuriPilihan)” by John Grisham. A Thesis: Adab and Humanities
Faculty, State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, September
2016.
The aims of the thesis are to find compensation strategy in the novel The
Runaway Jury (JuriPilihan), then to classify them into four types based on the theory
of Sandor Harvey and Ian Higgins, such as, compensation in kind, compensation in
place, compensation in splitting and compensation in merging. The methodology in
this research, the writer uses qualitative descriptive method with reading the novel,
the original novel and the translation novel. Next, the writer notes the idiom in the
novel using of compensation strategy and analysis alteration occurring in translation
using compensation strategy then the writer classifying the data. The last,the writer
explains application compensation strategy of idiom translation in the novel. The
writer finds three of four types of compensation strategy in the novel: compensation
in kind, compensation in splitting and compensation in merging. The differences of
each type: the idioms using compensation in kind to translate relatively is not long in
the explanation, but enough to understand the meaning of the idiom. Next, the idioms
using compensation in splitting become longer and extended than SL and the idioms
using compensation in merging become shorter and simple, but the reader can catch
the point of the idiom.
Keywords: novel, compensation strategy, compensation in kind, compensation in
splitting, compensation in merging
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful. All praises
belong to Allah who has blessed the writer in completing this thesis. Peace and
salutation be upon the most honorable Prophet Muhammad SAW (peace be upon to
him), his families, his companies, and his followers.
The writer would like to express her sincere thanks to:
1. His beloved parents mama and papa, for their love, support, patience, and fully
finance during his study and the process of this thesis, his brother mas Dhany
who supports him in finance too and all his families who always support and
pray for his success.
2. His advisor M. Agus Suriadi, M. Hum, for his continuing guidance, patience, and
support during the writer conducts this thesis until finish.
3. The Dean of the Faculty of Adab and Humanities, Prof. Dr. Sukron Kamil, M.A.,
who gave him permission to conduct this study.
4. The Head of English Letters Department, Drs. A. Saefuddin, M.Pd., who gave
permission to conduct this thesis and for his advice in completing this study.
5. The Secretary of English Letters Department, Elve Oktafiyani, M. Hum, who
gave much information about departmental policies.
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6. All lecturers at English Letters Department, who have taught and educated him
during the study.
7. All English Letters Student Class of 2011 who have been mutually telling and
each other to finish the thesis.
8. His close friends of “Boim Wong”, Bangga, Zulmi, Reza, Fathan, Septian,
Engkus, Ichwan, Wahid, Fariz, Irvan, and Rohim who support each other to
finish the thesis
9. His friend from childhood Beny Setiadi who supports, helps and accompany him
to finish his thesis.
10. His Senior High School friends, Oriza, Ade, Ikhsan, Ian, Yudha and Zarkasih
who support and remind him to complete the thesis.
The writer realizes that there are many lacks and mistakes in this thesis.
Hopefully, this thesis can give many advantages for students or people who read it.
Jakarta, December 2016
The Writer
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... i
APPROVEMENT ............................................................................................. ii
LEGALIZATION ............................................................................................ iii
DECLARATION ............................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................ v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................. vii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1
A. Background of The Research ...................................... 1
B. Focus of The Research ................................................ 3
C. Question of The Research ........................................... 3
D. Significance of The Research ..................................... 3
E. Research of Methodology ........................................... 4
CHAPTER II. THEORITICAL DESCRIPTION.. .............................. 6
A. Previous Researches .................................................... 6
B. Conceptual Description ............................................... 8
1. Definition of Translation.................................... . 8
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2. Translation Strategies.........................................10
3. Compensation Strategy Deeper............................. 11
4. Idiom……………………………………………. 14 .
CHAPTERIII. THE ANALYSIS.............................................................. 17
A. Data Description ......................................................... 17
B. Data Analysis .............................................................. 17
CHAPTER IV. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ......................... 29
A. Conclusion .................................................................. 29
B. Suggestion ................................................................... 30
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 31
APPENDIX ........................................................................................................ 33
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Research
In globalization era, many languages in the world that can be learned, such as,
English, Japanese, Arabic, etc. English that has become international language and
has used in any fields, for people is something important for them to learn it as a
capital to understand any development of the world. One of the aspects that need to
be learned in English is idiom. Idiom is a group of words which has a different
meaning from the meaning of its written context.1 In other words, idiom cannot be
translated literally. For the translator, he should have knowledge about idiom because
it is a challenge translating text or book using many idioms. Good translation can
only be done by a translator who has good qualification because the process of
translating involves two languages, they are source language and target language. The
process of translating also involves differences of culture to reveal ideas and
meanings from source language to target language. Hence, translating envelops the
whole finding meaning process of culture and convey a message to people in another
culture.2As the writer said above, English has been used in any fields, including
1Monika Gaule, Dr. Gurpreet Singh Josan, Machine Translation of Idioms from English to Hindi, Vol.
2, No.6, p. 50, (International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, October 2012) 2Frans Sayogie, Teori dan Praktik Penerjemahan (Tangerang Selatan: Transpustaka, 2014), pp. 3-4
2
literary works. Literary works such as, poem, prose or novel had started to revolve
and have enjoyed by readers in Indonesia. As it has been explained before that the
culture of a country can be seen in literary works, thus the process of translating
literary works need an accuracy and comprehension of another culture by a translator
to obtain the result of translation text accordance with the original text and the reader
can understand about plot in the literary works.
Poetry, prose or novel are the result of author‟s expression what he feels or from
any occurrences around him and translates in form of literary works enjoyed by
readers and let them to imagine anything about occurrences in the literary works.
Associating with this research, novel become the objects of research in this thesis.
A novel is a long narrative, normally in prose, which describes fictional characters
and events, usually in the form of a sequential story.3Novel is a literary work which
has many readers, both from kids to adults. Novel also has two versions, novel
accordance to true story (non-fiction), and novel from imagination of writer (fiction).
But, sometimes the author develops of story in non-fiction novel for give a drama
effect, so we can say non-fiction novel become fiction novel because of it. As it is
said above, translating a text especially novel, a translator must have knowledge
about anything in the novel, both from culture, word choices whether this novel uses
old English or there are new words and a translator has to catch the plot of that novel.
3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novel, accessed 23
rd January 2017, 08.00 pm
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The strategy that will be analyzed is compensation strategy. Compensation is
strategy to change words when it cannot be found the equivalent of words from
source language to target language accepted by people. In this research, the writer
tries to find the words in source language can match with the words in target language
and another reason is compensation rarely appointed to become a research topic.
Hence, the title of this research is Compensation Strategy in Translation Novel “The
Runaway Jury (Juri Pilihan)” by John Grisham.
B. Focus of the Research
This research focuses on compensation strategy of the idioms translation in the
novel “The Runaway Jury (Juri Pilihan).
C. Questions of the Research
Based on focus of the research above, there is a question for this research:
1. What are the types of compensation strategy in translation novel “The
Runaway Jury (Juri Pilihan) applied by the translator”?
2. How are compensation strategies of the idioms translation applied by
the translator?
D. Significant of the Research
This research is hoped to give or add new knowledge about translation strategy,
especially compensation stratgey that rarely appointed to become topic of research.
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Furthermore, it can give comprehension about types of compensation strategy used in
translating the idiom
E. Research of Methodology
1. Object of the Research
To find the sentences or words in the novel using compensation strategy to
translate to Indonesia language. Then, to classify the data in any types of
compensation strategy obtained fromthe novel andto explain application
compensation strategy of idiom translation in the novel.
2. Method of the Research
In this research, the writer uses qualitative descriptive method. Firstly, reading
the novel, both the original novel and the translation novel. Next, noting the
sentences or phrases in the novel using compensation strategy, analyzing
alteration that occur in translation using compensation, classifying the data
and explaining application compensation strategy of idiom translation.
3. Technique of Data Analysis
This research uses descriptive technique by using theory of Sandor Harvey,
and Ian Higgins to classifying the translation using compensation strategy and
explainingapplication compensation strategy of idiom translation
4. Instrument of the Research
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The instrument in this research is the writer himself by reading, noting and
classifying the data.
5. Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis in this research is the original novel in English that is
“The Runaway Jury” by John Grisham and the translation novel in Indonesian
language “The Runaway Jury (Juri Pilihan)” translated by Hidayat Saleh.
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CHAPTER II
THEORITICAL DESCRIPTION
A. Previous Research
Many people who had researched about compensation strategy. The writer shows
some researches about compensation strategy. There are 3 researches that havebeen
done about compensation strategy:
First, Ana Belén Cabrejas-Peñuelas (2012) with her journal entitlesThe
Compensation Strategies of an Advanced and a Less Advanced Language Learner: A
Case Study. This research aims to investigating the compensation strategies used by
an expert and a less expert language learner. Compensation strategies had been found
to be useful to make up for lack of linguistic knowledge and to keep the composing
going. In her opinion, the expert and less expert learners have been found to use very
similar strategies, but while the expert learner showed a careful orchestration of
strategies leading to successful prose, some strategies used by the less expert learner
in a linear fashion that did not have good results for the quality of essay. In the end,
may have implications for teaching less able students. The result of this research is to
report on how an advanced and an intermediate student of English as a foreign
language differ in the compensation strategies they use.
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Second, The Use of Compensation Strategies in the Iranian EFL Learners’
Speaking and its Relationship with Their Foreign Language Proficiency by Ali Akbar
Taheri and Mohammad Davoudi (2016). In this research, Compensation strategies are
strategies which a language user employs in order to achieve his intended meaning
when precise linguistic forms are for some reasons not available at that point of
communication. The researcher in the present study tries to investigate the
relationship between compensation strategies use and the level of language
proficiency and gender. Thus, participated four groups of learners in this research to
explore this relationship, that are advanced male, advanced female, intermediate male
and intermediated female, each containing 12 members. They were interviewed and
their performances recorded then transcribed. Finally, found that “self repition”,
direct appeal for help”, and “approximation” are the most frequency used strategies.
Third, Motallebzadeh and Tousi (2011) explained, in this researched
entitleEmploying Compensation Strategy in Translation of Idioms: A Case Study of
the Translation of Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in Persian,focus on
the problems caused by non-idiomatic translators of the target text‟s idioms. In their
opinion, each language has its own unique culture and its own set of rules, sometimes
it is impossible to translate an SL idiom with the exact counterpart idiom in the TL.
So, translators have no other choice than translating the SL idiom, non-idiomatically
and the target text. Here the translator will encounter with a gap of idiomaticity in
their translations, while the original text is more idiomatic than their translate version.
Firstly, they gave the definitions about idiom from any sources such as McGraw-
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Hill‟s Dictionary of American Idioms and Phrasal, Larson and Baker. In this research,
were explained five strategies in translating idioms and one of them is translation by
compensation. This strategy cannot be adequately illustrated. Simply, means that may
omit or play down a feature such as idiomaticity at the point where it occurs in the
source text and introduce it elsewhere in target text. This strategy is not restricted to
idiomaticity on fixed expressions and may be used to make up for any loss or
meaning, emotional force, or stylistic effect, which may not be possible to reproduce
directly at a given point in the target text. Next, Khalil and Seiko explained about
definitions of compensation from any experts such as Newmark, Nida and Taber,
Baker and Harvey. In their opinion, although the compensation has not a great deal
of attention within the field of translation theory, it certainly deserves to be
investigated in greater detail which is exactly what this research aims to do.
From three previous researches above, the different with this thesis are the writer
focuses to analysingcompensation strategy then classifying the data were got from the
novel and explains application compensation strategy of idiom translation.
B. Conceptual Description
1. Definition of Translation
Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written
message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or
statement in another language.4 In other hand, translation is a skill, it is
4Kardimin, Pintar Menerjemah: Wawasan Teoritik dan Praktek, (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2013),
p.8
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means, many people can translate but also many people unsuccessfully to
deliver the messages or points from SL to TL based on Newmark‟s statement
above. Therefore, as the translator needs a comprehension and knowledge
about how to good translate a text from SL to TL to get a good result.
In another context, translation is a form of communication that
explained by Hatim and Mason, that is an act of communication which
attempts to relay, across cultural and linguistic boundaries, another act of
communication.5 Nida and Taber,had also explained that translation is a form
of communication where a translator is among the both of language that are
become receiver of source language then become sender of target language.6
It is means, that as a human being, language is an important thing for
communication either verbal language or with sign language to send message
about our perception or to express what we feel.
Thus, according of any definition of translation above, translation is
process to transfer language from source language (SL) to target language
(TL) in text as well as a form of communication to send a message.
5Sayogie, op.cit., p.7
6Benny Hoedoro Hoed, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan (Jakarta: Dunia Pustaka Jaya, 2006), pp.28-29
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2. Translation Strategies
When translating a book or text, a translator will find the different
problems in process of translation. There are 18 strategies of translation can
used by translator to solve any problems when translate7:
1) Adaptation: it replaces a ST cultural element with one from the
target culture;2) Amplification: it introduces details that are not formulated in
the ST; 3) Borrowing: it takes a word or expression straight from another
language. It can be pure (without any change); 4) Calque: it literal translation
of a foreign word or phrase; it can be lexical or structural; 5) Compensation:
it introduces a ST element of information or stylistic effect in another place in
the TT because it cannot be reflected in the same place as in the ST; 6)
Description: it replaces a term or expression with a description of it is form
or/and function; 7) Discursive creation: it establishes a temporary equivalence
that is totally unpredictable out of context; 8) Established equivalent: it uses a
term or expression recognized (by dictionaries or language in use) as an
equivalent in the TL; 9) Generalization: it uses a more general or neutral term;
10) Linguistic amplification: it adds linguistic elements. This is often used in
consecutive interpreting and dubbing; 11) Linguistic compression: it
synthesizes linguistic elements in the TT. This is often used in simultaneous
7Lucia Molina, Amparo Hurtado Albir, Translation Technique Revisited: A Dynamic and Functionalist
Approach, Vol. 48, No.4, pp. 12-14, (META, 2002)
11
interpreting and in sub-titling; 12) Literal translation: it translates a word or an
expression word for word; 13) Modulation: it changes the point of view, focus
or cognitive category in relation to the ST, it can be lexical or structural; 14)
Particularization: it uses a more precise or concrete term; 15) Reduction: it
suppress a ST information item in the TT; 16) Substitution: it changes
linguistic elements for paralinguistic elements (intonation, gestures) or vice
versa; 17) Transposition: it changes a grammatical category; 18) Variation: it
to changes linguistic or paralinguistic element (intonation, gestures) that affect
aspects of linguistic variation: changes of textual tone, style, social dialect,
geographical dialect.
Translating needs a long time process and as a translator will face any
problems when translate, such as idiomaticity, grammatical, equivalent, etc.
Therefore, those strategies above used in accordance with the problems that
the translator got and if the translator can solve the problems he got and
understand what the translator have to do when he got problems to translating,
it is not possible, the translator can produce a good translation.
3. Compensation Strategy Deeper
Compensation is one of eighteen strategies which have contribution
for assist the translator for translate, while it can be used as onepossible
strategy for dealing with idioms and quite an effective one for compensating
the loss caused by translating.Compensation is when loss the meaning or
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sound effect or metaphor in one part of sentence in compensation in another
part.8In other word, with this strategy the translator asked for intreprete such
as, words, phrases or sentences which can not to applied in target language
because of the elements of culture from source language. Compensation is
also where any conventional translation would entail an unacceptable
translation loss, this loss is reduced by the freely chosen introduction of a less
unacceptable one, such that important ST effects are rendered in the TT by
means other than those used in the ST.9 The conventional translation in
question is literaly translation. If this translation is done at words, phrase or
sentences in ST which should use compensation strategy, thus there are
deviation meaning and unacceptable meaning in TT so that difficult to
understand the meaning of the text. Another definition of compensation is
related with the idiom. Baker said that in compensation, the translator can
omit or shrink feature like idiomatic at the point where it happened in source
language and show in another place in target language.10
Sandor Harvey and
Ian Higgins, classified the compensation into four types. First, compensation
in kind is to making up for one type of textual effect in the ST by another type
8Peter Newmark, Approaches to Translation (United Kingdom: Pergamon Press, 1982), p.31
9Sandor Harvey, Ian Higgins, Stella Cragie, Patricia Gambrotta, Thinking Italian Translation: A course
in translation method: Italian to English(London: Routledge, 2000), p.34 10
Khalil Motallebzadeh, Seika Tousi, Employing Compensation Strategy in Translation of Idioms: A
Case Study of the Translation of Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in Persian, Vol.3,
No.1, p. 9, (Iran: Macrothink Institute, 2011)
13
in the TT.11
This type requires the translator to make new statement or
expression in target language have same meaning with source language and
adjust with the situation in target language.
Second, compensation in place where the TT textual effect occurring
at a different place, relative to the other features in the TT context, from
corresponding textual effect in the ST context.12
An instance for this
compensatory strategy is employed to make up for an inevitable loss such as
figures of speech pertaining to schemes or tropes, as in compensating for the
loss of alliteration by employing assonance or vice versa. This type means, the
translator focus to keep the rhyme that exits in source language and make it in
the target language though difference place. If in source language exist in the
beginning of sentence, possibility can exist anywhere of the sentence in target
language. Third, compensation in splitting involves a change in „economy‟,
ST features being spread over a longer length of TT.13
In short, in this type,
the translator is requires to interpretation or explain more detail the simple
statement or expression in a text or novel so that the reader can catch what the
point it is.
Fourth, compensation by merging is considering the features carried
over a relatively longer stretch of the ST (a complex phrase) into a relatively
11
Sandor Harvey, Ian Higgins, Thinking Translation: A course in translation method: French to
English(London: Routledge, 1992), p.35 12
Ibid, p.37 13
James Dickins, Sandor Hervey, Ian Higgins, Thinking Arabic Translation: A course in translation
method: Arabic to English, (London: Routledge, 2002), p.47
14
shorter stretch of TT (a single word or a simple phrase).For some cases,
compensation by merging is the only way to strike a balance between doing
justice to the literal meaning of a piece of ST and constructing an idiomatic
TT.14
The translator use this type to make a simple statement or expression in
TT that describe longer in ST and the translator have to know what the means
of expression or statement that describe in ST.
4. Idiom
Idioms are generally defined as fixed phrases consisting of more than
one word, and their meaning cannot be worked out by knowing the meaning
of the individual words.15
In other words, translating idiom can not be
translated literally because it needs comprehend about the meaning of idiom
itself and need translation strategy which can assist the translator when
translating the idiom either from text or book.
As the writer said, translating idiom need strategy that aim assist the
translator for understanding the meaning of idiom itself. These are strategy for
translating the idiom:
14
Harvey, Higgins, op.cit, p.38 15
Gaule, Josan, op.cit, p.50
15
a. Using an Idiom of similar meaning and form
It involves using an idiom in the target language which convey roughly the
same meaning as that of the source language idiom and in addition consists
of equivalent lexical items.
b. Using an Idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form
Idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form refers to those having
completely different meanings and the occasions in which the idioms are
used are not alike as well.
c. Using an Idiom Translation by paraphrase
Where the expression is often rewritten using other words to simplify it and
then translate.
d. Using an Idiom Translation by Omission
If the idiom has no close match, the system can simply omit the idiom in
target language. The meaning will not be harmed, if this technique is used
when the words which will be omitted are not vital to the development of
the text. Translator can simply omit translating the word or the expression
in question
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e. Translation by compensation
This strategy is not restricted to idiomaticity or fixed expressions and may
be used to make up for any loss or meaning, emotional force, orstylistic
effect, which may not be possible to reproduce directly at a given point in
thetarget text.16
16
Motallebzadeh, Tousi, op.cit, pp.3-4
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CHAPTER III
THE ANALYSIS
A. Data Description
In this chapter, the data are taken from both of novel “The Runaway Jury” by
John Grisham and the same book “Juri Pilihan” that has been translated into
Indonesian by Hidayat Saleh. John,is an American bestselling writer, attorney,
politician, and activist best known for his popular legal thrillers. His books have been
translated into 42 languages and published worldwide.17
This novel told a court about
suit to the tobacco company. The plaintiff felt that the company has been sold the
cigarette that causes her husband is dead. Many tricks are from the both of sides to
win the court. With this novel, the writerfinds type of compensation strategy
containing in this novel and explains application compensation strategy of idiom
translation.
B. Data Analysis
In this part, the writer analyzes the sample of the data from the novel “The
Runaway Jury” by John Grisham and the translation novel “Juri Pilihan” by Hidayat
17
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Grisham, accessed 23rd
January 2017, 08.30 p.m
18
Saleh and explains what type of compensation that containing in this novel and
explains application compensation strategy of idiom translation.
I. Compensation in Kind:
Data 1:
SL: “Each company siphoned off three million a year and routed the cash
circuitously until it landed in The Fund. No bean counter, no auditor,
no regulator had ever caught wind of the slush money.”(8)
TL: ”Masing-masing perusahaan mengalirkan tiga juta dolar setahun dan
memutar-mutar uang itu hingga mendarat di The Fund. Tidak ada
akuntan, tidak ada auditor, tidak ada penegak hukum yangmencium
adanya dana untuk tujuan-tujuan tersebut.”(25)
The data included into the compensation in kind. Based on the
definition of compensation in kind, that is to making up for one type of textual
effect in the ST by another type in the TT and this is appropriate with the
idiom translation in TL. In translating the idiom, the translator cannot uses
the literal translation because with that way, the translator does not get the
right meaning of the idiom, for example caught wind of the slush money does
not means menangkap angin dari lumpur uang. In other words, the idiom
translation of the data is not interpreted directly, yet a new effect that created
by the translator for interpret the meaning of the idiom, so that the right
19
meaning of the idiom in TL is mencium adanya dana untuk tujuan-tujuan
tersebut. The meaning is acceptable and comprehenable by the reader.
Data 2
SL: “A few of his questions were wrapped around mini-arguments, but he
stayedout of trouble.” (29)
TL: “Beberapa pertanyaan diajukan secara tak langsung dalam argumen-
argumen singkat, tapi ia tidak membuat masalah.” (65)
The definition of the compensation in kind is making up for one type
of textual effect in the ST by another type in the TT and this appropriate with
the idiom translation in TL. The translator make a new effect or explanation in
interpret the idiom in SL. Translating the idiom, the translator cannot use
literal translation because he could get the wrong meaning of the idiom itself.
Stayed out of trouble does not means tetap keluar dari masalah. The meaning
can be unacceptable by the reader and can damage the plot of the novel.
Hence, the compensation in kind strategy asissts the translator to interpret the
idiom with new explanation that can be appleid in TL and acceptable by the
reader, so that the right meaning is tidak membuat masalah.
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Data 3
SL: “"Why does he keep lecturing us like that?" asked Millie Dupree,
obviously delighted someone had broken the ice and anxious to start
the gossip.”(66)
TL: “Kenapa dia terus menguliahi kita seperti ini?” tanya Millie Dupree,
jelas senang bahwa seseorang telah mengendurkan suasana kaku dan
membangkitkan semangat untuk mulai bergosip.”(136)
The data included into compensation in kind because appropriate with
the definition of compensation in kind, that is making up for one type of
textual effect in the ST by another type in the TT. The translator uses
compensation in kind to interpret the idiom because the idiom cannot to
translating word by word. If it is translated word by word translation, then
broken means menghancurkan, the ice means es and the result of that meaning
is menghancurkan es, so that was not the right definition of the idiom in SL.
Therefore, using compensation in kind can assist the translator to interpret the
meaning of the idiom in TL with make new effect that describing the idiom
itself, then the right meaning of the idiom is mengendurkan suasana kaku.
21
Data 4
SL: “Sixteen years earlier, he had been the first black mid-level manager to
enter the world of Listing Foods, and he had been a pain in the
ass.”(102)
TL: “Enam belas tahun lalu, ia manajer menengah kulit hitam pertama
yang memasuki dunia Listing Foods, dan ia membuat banyak
kesulitan.”(201)
The data included into compensation in kind because approipriate with
the definition of compensation in kind, that is making up for one type of
textual effect in the ST by another type in the TT. In translating the idiom, the
translator does not use literal translation because it cannot be obtained the
right meaning of the idiom. If it is translated using literally translation, then a
pain in the ass means sebuah rasa sakit di bokong.Therefore, the translator
usescompensation in kind to obtain the right meaning of the idiom and
appropriate with the plot of the novel. The result is membuat banyak
kesulitan.
II. Compensation in Splitting:
Data 1
SL: “It's those greedy ambulance chasers I hate."(104)
TL: “Pengacara-pengacara yang mengais keuntungan dari korban
kecelakaan itulah yang kubenci.”(205)
22
The data included into the compensation in splitting because it is
baesd on the definition of the compensation in splitting that involves a change
in „economy‟, ST features being spread over or longer length of TT. The
result of idiom translation of the data is appropiate with the definition of the
compensation in splitting that the explanation of the idiom are longeror
extended than the idiom itself. In using of the compensation in splitting, the
translator does not translate it literally or word by word because it can
damage,not only for the definition of the idiom itself but also for the plot in
the novel. For example, ambulance, if it is translated to TT is not ambulance,
as well as chasers if it is translated to TT is not pemburu. Moreover, using the
type, the translator has to explain more detail and longer than the idiom in ST.
Thus, the translator has to translate the whole idioms or phrases to get the true
definition of it.
Data 2
SL: “"Rohr knows nothing. We danced and shadow-boxed, but never
connected."”(279)
TL: “”Rohr tidak tahu apa-apa. Kami menari dan bersparring dengan
lawan khayalan, tapi tak pernah berhubungan.””(516)
The data included into compensation in splitting because it is
appropriate with the definition of compensation in splitting, that is ST features
23
being spread over or longer length of TT. The idiom translation in TL is
longer and extended than in SL. In translating the idiom, the translator does
not use word by word translation for the data. The meaning of shadow-boxed
if it usesword by word translation is kotak bayangan and that is the wrong
meaning of the idiom. The using compensation in splittingcan assist the
translator to interpret the idiom with detailed and clear explanation. Hence,
the right meaning of the idiom by using compensation in splitting is
bersparring dengan lawan khayalan. The meaning is acceptable and
appropriate to complete the plot of the novel.
`` Data 3
SL: “He lost track of the money. He pulled it from all four pockets, then he
replaced some of it.”(315)
TL: Iasudah tidak bisa lagi menghitung uang itu. Ia mengeluarkannya dari
keempat saku, lalu memasukannya lagi sebagian.”(581)
The definition of compensation in splitting is ST features being spread
over or longer length of TT and this is appropriate with the idiom translation
in TL of the data. The translator uses compensation in splitting to interpret the
idiom into target language (TL). That thing has to do by the translator because
the translator cannot use literal translation for translating the idiom. The result
of idiom translation using literal translation, the translator does notobtain the
24
right meaning of the idiom itself. Lost track does not means kehilangan jalur,
but sudah tidak bisa lagi menghitung. The effect of compensartion in splitting
is more details and longer than in SL.
Data 4
SL: “At a moment like this, with a billion dollars on the table, Herrera
would be raising hell and probably throwing things.”(342)
TL: “Pada saat seperti ini, dengan satu miliar dolar di meja, Herrera akan
ribut luar biasa dan mungkin akan melempar-lemparkan
barang.”(630)
The data included into compensation in splitting. Based on the
definition of compensation in splitting is ST feature being spread over or
longer length of TT, then the data is appropriate with it. In translating the
idiom, the translator does not useword by word translation. The translator
does not translateraisingbecome memelihara and hell become neraka.
However, the translator translates the whole idioms to obtain the right
meaning in TL by using compensation in splitting, then the result is ribut luar
biasa.
25
III. Compensation by Merging:
Data 1
SL: “He made his way along Lamuese Street for two blocks until he came
to the Vieux Marche, a pedestrian mall lined with neat shops along
what was once the central business section of Biloxi.”(45)
TL: “Iamenyusuri Lamuese Street sejauh dua blok hingga sampai di Vieux
Marche, sebuah mall untuk pejalan kaki dengan toko-toko yang rapi di
sepanjang daerah yang dulu adalah pusat bisnis Biloxi.”(97)
The definition of the compensation in merging is carried over a
relatively longer stretch of the ST (a complex phrase) into a relatively shorter
stretch of TT (a single word or a simple phrase) and this is appropriate with
the idiom translation in TL of the data. The explanation about the idiom in TT
is shorter and simple than in ST. In using the compensation in merging, the
translator has to interpret the idiom as simple as possible, yet the reader can
comprehend and accept the point of the idiom. In other word, same like
another type, the translator cannot use literal translation to translating the
idiom because it will be confuse the reader and damage the plot of the novel.
Data 2
SL: “"Your fingers are on the pulse here.””(164)
TL: “”Anda sudah berkecimpung di sini.””(308)
26
The data included into compensation in merging because it is
appropriate with the definition of compensation in merging, that is carried
over a relatively longer stretch of the ST (a complex phrase) into a relatively
shorter stretch of TT (a single word or a simple phrase). The idiom translation
in TL is shorter and simple than the idiom in SL. The translator using
compensation in merging for interpret the idiom become as simple as possible
in TL, so that can comprehended by the reader. The translator does not
useliteral translation because it will be confuse the reader with meaning that
difficult to comprehend. If it is translated by using literal translation, then the
meaning is jari-jari pada denyut nadi. That meaning is damaging the plot of
the novel and confusing the reader. Eventhough, the right meaning of the
idiom using compensation in merging is simple and shorter than the idiom
itself, this is berkecimpung.
Data 3
SL: “"Because it's a cop-out. We'd simply be passing the buck to the next
jury. If we get hung up and go home, it'll cost each side millions of
dollars because they'll have to come back in two years and replay the
whole thing.””(269)
TL: “Sebab itu adalahpelepasan tanggung jawab. Kita hanya
memindahkannya kepada juri berikutnya.Kalau kita tidak sampai pada
keputusan dan pulang, masing-masing pihak menghamburkan jutaan
27
dolar, karena mereka harus kembali lagi dalam dua tahun dan
memainkan kembali semua ini.””(500)
The data included into compensation in merging. Based on the
definition of compensation in merging is carried over a relatively longer
stretch of the ST (a complex phrase) into a relatively shorter stretch of TT (a
single word or a simple phrase), then the data is appropriate with it because
the idiom translation in TL is shorter and simple. With this type, the translator
can interpret the idiom with as simple as possible, so that it is easy to
understand by the reader. The translator does not useword by word translation
because the meaning which obtained is not appropriate with the real definition
and damage the plot. Passing the buck does not mean melewati rusa, but
memindahkannya. The result of compensation in merging is shorter and
simple than the idiom.
Data 4
SL: “"Why are you playing games, Fitch? Either you have something or
you don't. Either you tell me so I can tell Nicholas so we can nail her
vote, or you sit there hiding your memos and hoping she jumps on
board."”(282)
TL: “”Mengapa kau main-main, Fitch? Kau punya sesuatu atau
tidak?Apakah kau akan menceritakannya padaku, supaya aku
memberitahu Nicholas, sehingga kita bisa mengantongi suaranya; atau
28
kau mau duduk di sini menyembunyikan memomu dan berharap dia
akan bergabung?””(520)
The definition of compensation in merging is carried over a relatively
longer stretch of the ST (a complex phrase) into a relatively shorter stretch of
TT (a single word or a simple phrase), and this is appropriate with the data.
Same like the previous data, the translator does not use literal translation
because the translator will never obtain the right meaning of the idiom, for
example,jumps on board means melompat ke atas papan, if it is translated
with literal translation. The translator uses compensation in merging to
interpret the idiom and the result of the idiom translation that using
compensation in merging shorter and as simple as possible than the idiom
itself. Thus, the right meaning that using compensation in merging is
bergabung.
29
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
From the whole of the research, the writer concludes that the types of
compensation strategy are differences to each other. Furthermore, the translator uses
compensation strategy to translate idiom because it cannot be translated literally.
Idiom has own rule and need strategy if someone wants to translate it. The translator
cannot use literal translation because the result will be unacceptable andcan damage a
whole story of the novel. Compensation strategy can assist the translator to
comprehendthe meaning of idiom, so that the reader can understand the plot of the
novel.
Many constraints that can be found by the translator when he tries to translate text
or book that contains such as, cultures element, idioms and terms that difficult to
translate if the translator does not know about situation, condition and culture itself in
SL. Learning culture of SL is the one solution to solve any constraints that will be
found doing translation, except using the strategies that have many types choosen by
the translator appropriating to the need and the constraint that he finds.
30
B. Suggestions
From the whole of this research, the writer suggests the general translator to learn
deeper about anything related to culture in SL before begining to translate, because
the knowledge of the culture helps us as the translator to translate words or sentences
that are unfamiliar for us and only the citizen of the country know what they say and
what they write. The writer also suggests to learning any strategies of translation,
because when translating a text or book, it can never be known what the problems
that will he faced and the solution of it is the strategies of translation that can solve
any problems.
For the students this research can be the new reference if they want to conduct
research about compensation strategy.For the government the writer suggests to equip
more books about the translation, especially translation strategy book. This thing can
assist the translator or the people who wants to be a translator in doing their job to
translate texts or books or for the students who want to conduct research about
compensation strategy.
31
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books:
Dickins, James, Sandor Hervey, and Ian Higgins. Thinking Arabic Translation. 1st
ed. USA and Canada: Routledge, 2002.
Hervey, Sandor, Ian Higgins. Thinking Translation: A course in translation method:
`French to English. 1st ed. London: Routledge, 1992
Hervey, Sandor, Ian Higgins, Stella Cragie, Patrizia Gambrotta. Thinking Italian
Translation: A course in translation method: Italian to English. 1st ed.
London: Routledge, 2000
Hoed, Benny Hoedoro. Penerjemahan Dan Kebudayaan. 1st ed. Jakarta: Pustaka
Jaya, 2006.
Kardimin. Pintar Menerjemah: Wawasan Teoritik Dan Praktek. 1st ed. Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar, 2013.
Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation. 2nd ed. United Kingdom: Prentice Hall
International Ltd, 1988.
Sayogie, Frans. Teori & Praktik Terjemahan. Ed. Danti Pudjiati. 1st ed. Tangerang
Selatan: Transpustaka, 2014.
Journals:
Gaule, Monika, Dr. Gurpreet Singh Josan, Machine Translation of Idioms from
English to Hindi, Vol. 2, No. 6, p. 50, International Journal of Computational
Engineering Research, October 2012: 50-54.
Molina, Lucia, and Hutado Albir. “Translation Techniques Revisited : A Dynamic
and Functionalist Approach Lucía Molina and Amparo Hurtado Albir.”
(2002): 498m 512.
Motallebzadeh, Khalil, and Seika Tousi. “Employing Compensation Strategy
inTranslation of Idioms: A Case Study of the Translation of Mark Twain‟s
32
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in Persian.” International Journal of
Linguistics 3.1 (2011): 1–9.
Peñuelas, Ana Belén Cabrejas. The Compensation Strategies of an Advanced and a
Less Advanced Language Learner: A Case Study, Theories and Practice in
Language Studies, Vol.2, No.7, July 2012
Taheri, Ali Akbar, Mohammad Dvoudi. The Use of Compensation Strategies in the
Iranian EFL Learner’s Speaking and its Relationship with Their Foreign
Language Proficiency, Journal of Education and Practice, Vol.7, N0.9, 2016
Websites:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Grisham
33
APPENDIX
A. Compensation in Kind
No. Source Language (SL) Target Language (TL)
1. ”The mood around the room
lightened for a fleeting moment
as they looked at Traci by the
tree. Then Carl said, "Safe to say
that we'll take number fifty
seven." (4)
”Sesaat suasana di dalam ruangan
jadi sedikit ceria ketika mereka
melihat foto itu. Kemudian Carl
berkata,”Kurasa cukup aman untuk
mengambil nomor 57.” (16)
2. ”And the first time a jury handed
out a few million to a widow,
then all hell would break loose.”
(8)
”Dan begitu satu dewan juri
memberikan beberapa juta dolar
pada seorang janda, habislah
mereka.” (24)
3. “Each company siphoned off
three million a year and routed
the cash circuitously until it
landed in The Fund. No bean
counter, no auditor, no regulator
had ever caught wind of the slush
money.”(8)
”Masing-masing perusahaan
mengalirkan tiga juta dolar setahun
dan memutar-mutar uang itu hingga
mendarat di The Fund. Tidak ada
akuntan, tidak ada auditor, tidak ada
penegak hukum yangmencium
adanya dana untuk tujuan-tujuan
tersebut.”(25)
4. “Another assistant ventured forth
with a platter of leftover shrimp
and oysters, but Fitch waved him
off.”(9)
“Satu asisten lain maju dengan
sepiring udang dan kerang sisa, tapi
Fitch mengibaskan tangan
mengusirnya.” (26)
5. “Sure he had some clout right
now, liked to swagger and bark
because he was pushing the
buttons,” (10)
“Memang saat ini ia punya
kekuasaan, suka bersikap angkuh
dan membentak-bentak, sebab
dialah yang sedang memegang
kendali,” (27)
6. “A few of his questions were
wrapped around mini-arguments,
but he stayed
out of trouble.” (29)
“Beberapa pertanyaan diajukan
secara tak langsung dalam argumen-
argumen singkat, tapi ia tidak
membuat masalah.” (65)
34
7. “The experts for the defense
congratulated themselves on
picking such a fine jury, though
most of the puffing and posturing
was done for the benefit of the
legion of lawyers working round
the clock.”(39)
“Para pakar di pihak pembela saling
memberi selamat pada diri sendiri
karena telah memilih juri yang
demikian bagus, meskipun sebagian
pekerjaan dan prose situ
dilaksanakan oleh pasukan
pengacara yang bekerja terus-
menerus.”(84)
8. “With little movement of the
head, he cut his eyes around the
courtroom.”(41)
“Dengan sedikit gerakan kepala, ia
mengarahkan pandang ke sekeliling
ruang sidang.”(88)
9. “After a brief nap in his office in
downtown Manhattan, Luther
Vandemeer called the number in
Biloxi and left a message for
Rankin Fitch to call him in the
Hamptons over the
weekend.”(62)
“Sesudah tidur siang singkat di
kantornya di pusat kota Manhattan,
Luther Vandemeer menelepon
sebuah nomor di Biloxi dan
meninggalkan pesan agar Rankin
Fitch meneleponnya di ruma
keluarga Hampton di akhir
pekan.”(128)
10. “The experts preferred not to
engage in
small talk with Fitch, and Fitch
wasn't about to entertain
them.”(62)
“Pakar-pakar itu tidak suka
berbasa-basi dengan Fitch, dan
Fitch pun tidak berniat bercakap-
cakap dengan mereka.”(129)
11. “"Why does he keep lecturing us
like that?" asked Millie Dupree,
obviously delighted someone had
broken the ice and anxious to
start the gossip.”(66)
“Kenapa dia terus menguliahi kita
seperti ini?” tanya Millie Dupree,
jelas senang bahwa seseorang telah
mengendurkan suasana kaku dan
membangkitkan semangat untuk
mulai bergosip.”(136)
12. “What the hell do you expect?
Perfect health?" His tone was
sarcastic, and left no doubt that
he'd walked into jury service
withhis mind made up.”(74)
“Apa yang diharapkan? Kesehatan
yang sempurna? Nada suaranya
mengejek; jelas ia sudah membuat
keputusan bulat sebelum menerima
tugas sebagai juri.”(151)
13. “Their low voiceswere carefully “Mereka sengaja berbisik-bisik
35
gauged to land just outside the
earrange
of Herman Grimes, who at the
moment was slapping his
laptop.”(84)
sepelan mungkin, agar tidak
terdengar oleh Herman Grimes yang
sedang mengoperasikan
laptopnya.”(169)
14. “His people, whether the jury
consultants or run-of-the-mill
operatives, moved around.”(85)
“Anak buahnya, entah konsultan
juri atau pesuruh biasa, berkeliaran
di seluruh penjuru ruang
sidang.”(172)
15. “Then he instantly realized that it
seemed horribly unpatriotic and
maybe even downright sinful to
interrupt a group of well-
meaning citizens as they took a
moment to honor their flag.”(93)
“Kemudian langsung disadarinya
bahwa rasanya sangtlah tidak
patriotic dan mungkin berdosa
untuk menyela sekelompok warga
Negara yang punya niat baik untuk
menghormati bendera
mereka.”(185)
16. “"Blows it to hell."”(95) “”Hancur lebur.””(188)
17. “All heads were bowed because
no one could stomach the sight
of half a dinner roll packed
tightly in a jaw and clearly
visible.”(96)
“Semua kepala tertunduk, sebab tak
ada seorang pun tahanmelihat
makanan yang berjejalan dalam
mulut wanita itu.”(192)
18. “Sixteen years earlier, he had
been the first black mid-level
manager to enter the world of
Listing Foods, and he had been a
pain in the ass.”(102)
“Enam belas tahun lalu, ia manajer
menengah kulit hitam pertama yang
memasuki dunia Listing Foods, dan
ia membuat banyak kesulitan.”(201)
19. “Once things warmed up,
allegations of wrongdoing began
to fly back and forth, with the
defense catching the most
flak.”(117)
“Setelah argumentasi mulai
memanas, tuduhan melakukan
kecurangan mulai beterbangan
bolak-balik, dengan pihak pembela
menerima tembakan
terbanyak.”(228)
20. “"You've gotta protect us on this,
Lonnie. I know it puts you in the
bull's-eye, but, damn, you just
happen to be there, know what I
“”Kau harus melindungi kami
dalam hal ini, Lonnie. Aku tahu
posisimu jadi sulit, tapi…aduh, kau
kebetulan ada di sana, thau
36
mean?"”(121) maksudku?””(237)
21. “"I'll be damned."”(123) “”Terkutuklah””(239)
22. “A gentle laugh came from all
quarters of the courtroom, and
Cable knew he had his hands
full.”(151)
“Terdengar tawa kecil dari seluruh
penjuru ruang sidang, dan Cable
tahu bahwa ia mengadapi
kesulitan.”(288)
23. “Ringwald watchedpoker-faced
as Hoppy did the mental
math.”(160)
“Ringwald mengawasi tanpa
ekspresi sewaktu Hoppy
bermatematika dalam hati.”(302)
24. “We're happy because we're
about to make a pot full of
money, along with you, I might
add.”(164)
“Kami senang sebab kami akan
mengeruk uang, bersama-sama
Anda, kalau boleh saya
tambahkan.”(308)
25. “The man had fine-tuned the
practice ofcorruption and made it
an art form.”(166)
“Laki-laki itu sudah mengasah diri
dalam praktek korupsi dan
membuatnya jadi bentuk seni.”(313)
26. “He was really at a loss for the
proper customs in these
matters.”(168)
“Dalam urusan ini, ia benar-benar
tidak tahu-menahu tentang tata cara
semestinya.”(318)
27. “"And the planning commission
will put up a nasty fight."”(169)
“”Dan komisi perencanaan akan
menentang hebat.””(319)
28. “Must be the Boy Scouts selling
doughnuts at this ungodly
hour.”(178)
“Pasti para pramuka yang jual donat
sepagi ini.”(336)
29. “"Sure I'm sure," Hoppy said,
staring slack-jawed at the sleek
hideous device.”(182)
“”Tentu saya yakin,” kata Hoppy
sambil menatap dengan mulut
ternganga pada alat tipis
menyeramkan itu.”(341)
30. “Hoppy in the back with
Cristano, who matter-of-factly
began to explain that he was
some type of high-ranking
Assistant Attorney General from
“Hoppy di belakang bersama
Cristano, yang tanpa basa-basi
menjelaskan bahwa ia adalah
semacam asisten Jaksa Agung
berposisi tinggi dalam Departemen
37
deep inside Justice.”(189)
Kehakiman.”(355)
31. “Two schools of thought, but
eight very firm and very different
inclinations about precisely what
would be effective.”(199)
“Hanya ada dua garis pemikiran,
tetapi ada delapan pendapat kuat
dan berlainan mengenai tindakan
apa yang paling efektif.”(374)
32. “There was too much at stake for
bickering and second-
guessing.”(200)
“Terlalu banyak yang dipertaruhkan
untuk bertengkar sendiri dan
menebak-nebak.”(377)
33. “The first order of business
Monday morning was a private
meeting between Judge Harkin
and Nicholas, the topic being the
fire and his well-being.”(201)
“Urusan pertama Senin pagi itu
adalah rapat pribadi antara Hakim
Harkin dan Nicholas; topiknya
adalah kebakaran tersebut dan
keselamatan diri Nicholas.”(378)
34. “Harkin would have loved to
know if there was any hanky-
panky among the jurors, not that
it would carry any legal
significance.”(201)
“Harkin ingin sekali mengetahui
apakah ada yang main-main di
antara para anggota juri, meskipun
itu tidak memiliki arti apa-apa dari
segi hukum.”(379)
35. “We played hardball, and we
taught
other tobacco apologists the ins
and outs of political fist
fighting.”(202)
“Kami menghalalkan segala cara,
dan kami mengajari organisasi-
organisasi penentang rokok tentang
seluk-beluk pertarungan
politik.”(381)
36. “"Safe to say, then, that the
environment of your home was
smoker friendly?"”(206)
“”Kalau begitu, bisa diasumsikan
bahwa lingkungan rumah Anda
ramah terhadap perokok?””(387)
37. “”"Mr. Robilio, that is uncalled-
for.””(207)
“”Mr. Robilio, ucapan tadi tidak
senonoh.””(389)
38. “They studied each other for a
bit. What the hell, thought
Ratliff.”(213)
“Mereka saling mengamati
beberapa lama. Peduli amat, piker
Ratliff.”(400)
39. “Small knew it well. At times he
went there himself to drown his
“Small tahu betul tempat itu.
Kadang-kadang ia sendiri pergi ke
38
worries and admire the college
girls. "I've knocked back a few at
Mulligan's," he said.”(214)
sana untuk menenggelamkan
kekhawatiran dan mengamati gadis-
gadis college.”Saya pernah
beberapa kali bersenang-senang di
Mulligan‟s,” katanya.”( 401)
40. “A few bumps in the road but
nothing serious, nothing until he
got sick.”(216)
“Memang ada beberapa kesulitan,
tapi tidak ada yang serius, tidak ada
apa pun sampai sang suami
sakit.”(407)
41. “"We cut a deal for ten.””(248) “”Kita sudah buat kesepakatan
sepuluh ribu.”(461)
42. “He had packed in minutes and
left, telling the Sheriff repeatedly
he was being framed and vowing
to get to the bottom of it.”(267)
“Ia berkemas dalam beberapa menit
dan pergi, berkali-kali mengatakan
kepada Sheriff bahwa ia dijebak,
dan bersumpah untuk
menyelidikinya hingga tuntas.”(497)
43. “He spoke occasionally during
meals at the motel and during
coffee breaks in the jury room,
but he was perfectly content to
keep his nose in a book and
ignore everyone.”(268)
“Ia sekali-sekali berbicara saat
bersantap di motel dan selama rehat
kopi di ruang juri, namun ia sudah
sangat puas dengan membaca buku
dan mengabaikan semua
orang.”(497)
44. “"The worst thing we can do is
hang ourselves, split down the
middle and have a mistrial
declared."”(269)
“”Hal terburuk adalah kalau kita
berselisih pendapat di antara kita
sendiri, terpecah dua, dan siding
pun dibatalkan.””(499)
45. “"You can do anything you want,
Fitch. Stop playing games. Let's
cut the deal now and get on with
our business."”(273)
“”Kau bisa melakukan apa saja
yang kau inginkan, Fitch.
Berhentilah main-main. Mari kita
buat kesepakatan sekarang,dan kita
bereskan urusan kita.””(507)
46. “"Look, I'm an actress, okay.
This is a piece of cake."”(277)
“”Dengar, aku aktris, oke. Ini
sangat gampang.””(513)
47. “Rohr said the plaintiff would
have no rebuttal. Sunday court
“Rohr mengatakan penggugat tidak
39
was out of the question.”(285) akan mengajukan bantahan. Sidang
pada hari Minggu merupakan
sesuatu yang mustahil.”(525)
48. “She finally confessed she'd
spilled her guts to Nicholas
Easter, a fine young man who
knew the law and could be
trusted implicitly.”(300)
“Ia akhirnya mengaku bahwa ia
menceritakan kekesalannya pada
Nicholas Easter, pemuda baik hati
yang tahu masalah hukum dan
secara tersirat bisa dipercaya.”(554)
49. “One of Poodle's boys picked her
up, and Jerry tagged
along.”(302)
“Poodle dijemput salah satu anak
laki-lakinya, dan Jerry ikut
serta.”(557)
50. “She'd be furious, no doubt.
She'd flip-flop
immediately.”(308)
“Ia akan gusar, itu sudah pasti. Ia
akan langsung ganti haluan.”(568)
51. “"We've had to abort scams, but
we've never been caught red-
handed."”(309)
“”Kami pernah terpaksa
membatalkan rencana, tapi tak
pernah tertangkap basah.””(569)
52. “No one else was in the room, no
one but Wendall Rohr, who
stood on the other side of the
conference table and paced
slowly back and forth, speaking
softly with measured words, to
his jury.”(310)
“Tak ada orang lain dalam ruangan
tersebut, tak seorang pun kecuali
Wendall Rohr, yang berdiri di sisi
lain meja rapat dan mondar-mandir
perlahan-lahan, bebricara pelan
dengan kata-kata terukur kepada
dewan juri.”(571)
53. “She savored the moment and
appeared on the verge of
venturing onto the thin ice of
liability.”(333)
“Ia menikmati saat-saat ini, dan
tampaknya sudah berniat melangkah
ke persoalan peka mengenai
pemberian ganti rugi.”(614)
B. Compensation in Splitting
No. Source Language (SL) Target Language (TL)
1. “I collect two hundred dollars a
week, and Ibarely get by.” (24)
“Saya mengumpulkan dua ratus juta
dolar seminggu, dan saya hidup pas-
pasan.” (54)
40
2. “It's those greedy ambulance
chasers I hate."(104)
“Pengacara-pengacara yang
mengais keuntungan dari korban
kecelakaan itulah yang
kubenci.”(205)
3. “The bombshellwas coming, and
he was thoroughly enjoying the
moment.”(146)
“Ia akan menyampaikan sesuatu
yang mengejutkan.”(280)
4. “Unable to shake the damaging
aspects of Krigler's testimony,
the defense chose instead to blow
smoke at the jury.”(156)
“Karena tak mampu menghapus
efek merusak dari kesaksian
Krigler, pihak pembela akhirnya
memilih untuk menghidangkan
omong kosong kepada juri.”(293)
5. “The obvious question was, why
would the boys behind Stillwater
Bay associate themselves with a
mom-and-pop outfit like Dupree
Realty?”(170)
“Pertanyaannya adalah, mengapa
bocah-bocah di belakang
SStillwater Bay mau berhubungan
dengan kantor sederhana macam
Dupree Realty?”(321)
6. “We played hardball, and we
taught
other tobacco apologists the ins
and outs of political fist
fighting.”(202)
“Kami menghalalkan segala cara,
dan kami mengajari organisasi-
organisasi penentang rokok tentang
seluk-beluk pertarungan
politik.”(381)
7. “The one in Des Moines actually
answered the phone at her
husband's used-car lot.”(245)
“Satu lagi di Des Moines menjawab
telepon di tempat jual-beli mobil
bekas milik suaminya.”(458)
8. “"Because it's a cop-out. We'd
simply be passing the buck to the
next jury. If we get hung up and
go home, it'll cost each side
millions of dollars because they'll
have to come back in two years
and replay the whole
thing.””(269)
“Sebab itu adalah pelepasan
tanggung jawab. Kita hanya
memindahkannya kepada juri
berikutnya. Kalau kita tidak sampai
pada keputusan dan pulang, masing-
masing pihak menghamburkan
jutaan dolar, karena mereka harus
kembali lagi dalam dua tahun dan
memainkan kembali semua
ini.””(500)
41
9. “"Rohr knows nothing. We
danced and shadow-boxed, but
never connected."”(279)
“”Rohr tidak tahu apa-apa. Kami
menari dan bersparring dengan
lawan khayalan, tapi tak pernah
berhubungan.””(516)
10. “He lost track of the money. He
pulled it from all four pockets,
then he replaced some of
it.”(315)
“Ia sudah tidak bisa lagi
menghitung uang itu. Ia
mengeluarkannya dari keempat
saku, lalu memasukannya lagi
sebagian.”(581)
11. “At a moment like this, with a
billion dollars on the table,
Herrera would be raising hell
and probably throwing
things.”(342)
“Pada saat seperti ini, dengan satu
miliar dolar di meja, Herrera akan
ribut luar biasa dan mungkin akan
melempar-lemparkan barang.”(630)
C. Compensation in Merging
No. Source Language (SL) Target Language (TL)
1. “Carl ran through the photos of
the Wilkeses' home, a massive
suburban trilevel with Doctor
stamped all over it.” (4)
“Carlmemperlihatkanfoto-foto
rumah keluarga Wilkes, bangunan
suburban besar berlantai tiga dengan
cap “Dokter” di segala penjuru.”
(16)
2. ”And the first time a jury handed
out a few million to a widow,
then all hell would break loose.”
(8)
”Dan begitu satu dewan juri
memberikan beberapa juta dolar
pada seorang janda, habislah
mereka.” (24)
3. “He made his way along
Lamuese Street for two blocks
until he came to the Vieux
Marche, a pedestrian mall lined
with neat shops along what was
once the central business section
of Biloxi.”(45)
“Ia menyusuri Lamuese Street
sejauh dua blok hingga sampai di
Vieux Marche, sebuah mall untuk
pejalan kaki dengan toko-toko yang
rapi di sepanjang daerah yang dulu
adalah pusat bisnis Biloxi.”(97)
4. “From there they flew to Miami “Dari sana mereka terbang ke
42
International, first class, with
Stella knocking down two
martinis and a glass of wine in
less than an hour.”(99)
Miami International Airport, kabin
kelas satu, dengan Stella
menghabiskan dua martini dan
segelas anggur dalam waktu kurang
dari satu jam.”(195)
5. “"Look it over," Taunton said,
tapping his chin with a designer
pen.”(103)
“Periksalah,” kata Taunton sambil
mengetuk dagu dengan sepucuk
pena buatan desainer.
“(204)
6. “"I'll be damned."”(123) “”Terkutuklah””(239)
7. “Lou Dell turned to Willis, who
was bug-eyed and reaching for
his rusty revolver.”(124)
“Lou Dell menoleh pada Willis
yang terbelalak dan bersiap
mencabut revolvernya yang
karatan.”(240)
8. “Fitch pursued the hunch with
serious arm-twisting through
JRA, and after two weeks of
dead-end probing they finally
found the right clinic.”(131)
“Fitch menyelidiki firasat ini
dengan mendesak lewat JRA,dan
sesudah dua minggu menemui jalan
buntu, akhirnya mereka menemukan
klinik yang tepat.”(254)
9. “"Your fingers are on the pulse
here.””(164)
“”Anda sudah berkecimpung di
sini.””(308)
10. “We're happy because we're
about to make a pot full of
money, along with you, I might
add.”(164)
“Kami senang sebab kami akan
mengeruk uang, bersama-sama
Anda, kalau boleh saya
tambahkan.”(308)
11. “"And the planning commission
will put up a nasty fight."”(169)
“”Dan komisi perencanaan akan
menentang hebat.””(319)
12. “The first order of business
Monday morning was a private
meeting between Judge Harkin
and Nicholas, the topic being the
fire and his well-being.”(201)
“Urusan pertama Senin pagi itu
adalah rapat pribadi antara Hakim
Harkin dan Nicholas; topiknya
adalah kebakaran tersebut dan
keselamatan diri Nicholas.”(378)
13. “We had a fat budget with “Kami memiliki anggaran besar
43
unlimited resources to wine and
dine influential
politicians.”(202)
dengan uang tak terbatas untuk
menjamu politisi-politisi
berpengaruh.”(381)
14. “Cable had a checklist, and
seemed content to fire off the
questions while ignoring the
answers.”(207)
“Cable punya ceklist, dan
kelihatannya puas
memberondongkan pertanyaan-
pertanyaan tersebut tanpa
menghiraukan jawabannya.”(388)
15. “"Yeah, I think I heard that one
too. It's window dressing.””(207)
“”Yeah, saya rasa saya juga sudah
dengar yang itu. Itu semacam
kedok.””(389)
16. “They studied each other for a
bit. What the hell, thought
Ratliff.”(213)
“Mereka saling mengamati
beberapa lama. Peduli amat, piker
Ratliff.”(400)
17. “Slowly, up and down Highway
90, past the hotels and casinos
and boat docks.”(236)
“Perlahan-lahan, menyusuri
Highway 90, melewati hotel-hotel,
kasino-kasino dan dok-dok
perahu.”(440)
18. “He explained why some
cigarettes have filters, some
don't, some have
more tar and nicotine than others.
It all boiled down to
choice.”(237)
“Ia menjelaskan mengapa beberapa
jenis rokok memakai filter, sebagian
lagi tidak, sebagian mengandung ter
dan nikotin lebih banyak daripada
yang lain. Semua itu berpusar
sekitar pilihan.”(445)
19. “"You're outta your mind," he
said,”(248)
“”Kau sudah sinting,”
katanya.”(461)
20. “"Get a grip, Millie.””(251) “”Sudahlah, Millie.””(467)
21. “"Son of a bitch!" Fitch screamed
as he threw down the receiver
and bolted for the door.”(252)
“”Bangsat!” Fitch berteriak sambil
membanting gagang telepon dan
melompat ke pintu.”(470)
22. “every word getting captured by
a body
mike in Cleve's shirt pocket.
“setiap patah kata tertangkap oleh
mikrofon dalam saku kemeja Cleve.
“Delapan puluh ribu tidak
44
"Eighty thousand is a drop in the
bucket."”(263)
seberapa.””(488)
23. “He spoke occasionally during
meals at the motel and during
coffee breaks in the jury room,
but he was perfectly content to
keep his nose in a book and
ignore everyone.”(268)
“Ia sekali-sekali berbicara saat
bersantap di motel dan selama rehat
kopi di ruang juri, namun ia sudah
sangat puas dengan membaca buku
dan mengabaikan semua
orang.”(497)
24. “"The worst thing we can do is
hang ourselves, split down the
middle and have a mistrial
declared."”(269)
“”Hal terburuk adalah kalau kita
berselisih pendapat di antara kita
sendiri, terpecah dua, dan siding
pun dibatalkan.””(499)
25. “"Because it's a cop-out. We'd
simply be passing the buck to the
next jury. If we get hung up and
go home, it'll cost each side
millions of dollars because they'll
have to come back in two years
and replay the whole
thing.””(269)
“Sebab itu adalahpelepasan
tanggung jawab. Kita hanya
memindahkannya kepada juri
berikutnya. Kalau kita tidak sampai
pada keputusan dan pulang, masing-
masing pihak menghamburkan
jutaan dolar, karena mereka harus
kembali lagi dalam dua tahun dan
memainkan kembali semua
ini.””(500)
26. “He knew she would call Friday
morning, though he had no idea
what scheme or ploy or heart-
stopping prank she'd be up
to.”(269)
“Ia tahu bahwa Jumat pagi Marlee
akan menelepon, meskipun ia tidak
tahu rencana atau permainan atau
olok-olok mengejutkan apa lagi
yang ia buat.”(500)
27. “A dead bolt rattled from the
inside, then Marlee appeared in a
gray sweatshirt and blue jeans,
no smile at all, no greeting of any
sort.”(272)
“Kunci terdengar gemeretak dari
dalam, lalu Marlee muncul dengan
sweatshirt dan blue jeans, sama
sekali tanpa senyum, tanpa sapaan
apa pun.”(504)
28. “"You can do anything you want,
Fitch. Stop playing games. Let's
cut the deal now and get on with
our business."”(273)
“”Kau bisa melakukan apa saja
yang kau inginkan, Fitch.
Berhentilah main-main. Mari kita
buat kesepakatan sekarang,dan kita
bereskan urusan kita.””(507)
45
29. “"Why are you playing games,
Fitch? Either you have
something or you don't. Either
you tell me so I can tell Nicholas
so we can nail her vote, or you sit
there hiding your memos and
hoping she jumps on
board."”(282)
“”Mengapa kau main-main, Fitch?
Kau punya sesuatu atau tidak?
Apakah kau akan menceritakannya
padaku, supaya aku memberitahu
Nicholas, sehingga kita bisa
mengantongi suaranya; atau kau
mau duduk di sini menyembunyikan
memomu dan berharap dia akan
bergabung?””(520)
30. “She found his hand and
squeezed it. Hoppy decided to go
for the kill.”(287)
“Millie menggenggam tangan
suaminya dan meremasnya. Hoppy
memutuskan untuk
menuntaskannya.”(530)
31. “Marlee had called him around 4
A.M., and explained she was so-
and-so with Delta Airlines, a
plane had gone down near
Tampa, a Mrs. Cristano was on
board, and was this the George
Cristano who worked with the
Justice Department.”(297)
“Marlee meneleponnya sekiatr
pukul empat dini hari dan
menjelaskan bahwa ia adalah
petugas dari Delta Airlines, sebuah
pesawat telah jatuh di dekat Tampa,
Mrs. Cristano tercatat menumpang
pesawat itu, dan apakah George
Cristano ini bekerja pada
Departemen Kehakiman.”(546)
32. “"We've had to abort scams, but
we've never been caught red-
handed."”(309)
“”Kami pernah terpaksa
membatalkan rencana, tapi tak
pernah tertangkap basah.””(569)
33. “"On the ground" was the next
command, and Derrick went
spread-eagle on the cold
sidewalk, hands behind
him.”(318)
“”Tiarap!” adalah perintah
selanjutnya, dan Derrick bertiarap
di jalan batu yang dingin, dengan
tangan di belakangnya.”(586)
34. “"No thanks. I'll go to the hotel,
maybe get some sun."”(329)
“”Tidak, terima kasih. Saya akan
pergi ke hotel, mungkin
berjemur.””(607)
35. “She savored the moment and
appeared on the verge of
“Ia menikmati saat-saat ini, dan
tampaknya sudah berniat melangkah
46
venturing onto the thin ice of
liability.”(333)
ke persoalan peka mengenai
pemberian ganti rugi.”(614)
47
48