Compilation of emission inventories

The situation in the Netherlands

Special Session of the UNCEEA on Climate Change

(New York, 25 June 2008 - afternoon)

Content

The Dutch Pollutant transfer and Emission Register (PRTR) From the emission register to the environmental accounts Bridge tables

Dutch Pollutant transfer and Emission Register (PRTR)

• Contains annual emission data on more than 350 pollutants to air, soil and water

• Covers the whole process of collection, processing and reporting of emission data in the Netherlands

• Emissions of diffuse as well as point sources are collected in one central database

Organisation

VROM TNO Statistics Netherlands MNP LEI RWS/RIZA

Coordinated by the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (MNP) on behalf of the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM) and the Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (VenW).

Co-operation of number of institutes:

Objectives

Annual monitoring of emissions to air, water and soil

Annual monitoring of waste Environmental policy progress reporting Official emission data transmissions to

national and international bodies Dissemination of emission data to the public

and for research (dispersion modellers)

Tasks

Storage of all emission data in one central database

Analysis of emission data with respect to pollutant, target sector, environmental theme and location

Assessment of structural trends based on subsequent inventory years and identifying consequences for environmental policy

Operational procedures

Collection and processing of emission data are based on predefined technical guilelines: standard protocols. For specfic areas, experts from participating organisations are represented in so-called task forces. Formal agreement is based on general consensus (‘polder model’: no leading institute) After intensive checking, data are authorized and stored in the central database Subsequently, diffuse sources are spatially allocated (GIS)

Components

More than 350 pollutants Selected by following international reporting obligations:

• Kyoto Protocol, • The Water Framework Directive, • The 'European Pollution Release and Transfer Register' (E-PRTR)• Various UN and EU obligations

Some observed components are particularly relevant for national environmental policies

Emission sources (I)

The emission sources are categorized according to the following

(sub) sectors, relevant to environmental policies: – Agriculture – Chemical industry – Construction – Consumers – Energy production – Refineries – Sewage and wastewater treatment – Trade and services – Transport and Waste disposal – Other industries – Nature – Other

Emission sources (II)

1) Point sources: Geographically located, measured or calculated (per individual factory or installation, e.g. refineries, power plants)

2) Diffuse sources: Geographically unlocated (only for relevant pollutants, e.g. fine dust, water pollutants) (e.g. agriculture or road traffic)

Compartments

The emission register addresses five so-called compartments:

• Air (emission to air) • Air IPCC (for polIutatants subject to IPPC reportings)• Soil (emissions to soil, including depositions) • Water (to sewage and surface water)• Load to surface water (‘net’ to surface water, after water purification)

Sources of data in the central database

Emission calculations

Reported point sources

Gross up system : upscaling to national level using production per industrial sector

Non industrial sources

Emission = Activity level x Emission factor (E=A*EF)

Data on Activities are based on national statistics. Emission factors are based on measurements and calculations of a model or (the international) literature.

Dimensions of emissions in the central database

X 5

3501990 - 2007

5 x 5 km

12 sectors

From emission register to the environmental accounts

1) Classification: sector → NACE 2-digit

2) Adding international transport by residents

3) Subtracting foreign transport on inland territory

Classification of industries (I)

Emission register Sources classified by sectors: industry, agriculture, energy suppliers, sometimes NACE-coding is present

Environmental accounts

Classification by NACE 2-digit, following the standard National accounts tables by industry, breakdown by 58 industries + households (2) = 60 activities

Classification of industries (II)

Allocating emissions to nace-codes by using additional sources:

Some examples: Heating (combustion of gas) all services: monetary data on gas use from national accounts Agriculture: e.g. agriculture statistics, land use data, production of manure Specific (water) emissions by industry: labour force data or business surveys

Classification of industries (III)

Mobile sources in emission register: no allocation to NACE present in the Emission Register

Monetary data on fuel consumption from National accounts are used to distribute emissions from mobile sources to industries

Adding international transport

Adding emissions by transport by residents abroad Substracting emissions by non-residents on national territory

Sources: transport statistics, National account data

Three definitions for CO2 emissions

1) According to IPCC

2) Actual emissions

3) According to environmental accounts

(1) IPCC definitions

Emission from the national territory Short cyclic CO2 (combustion of biomass) is excludedTransport emissions are calculated according to the total of supplied motorfuels, regardsless the location where the consumption of fuels occurs Emissions from International transport are excluded No temperature correction

(2) Actual emissions

The actual emissions from the national territory

• Transport: emissions from the national territory, regardless where the fuel was obtained• All CO2 emission caused by human activites are included (short cyclic CO2)• International transport: only emissions within national boundaries• No temperature correction

(3) environmental accounts, NA based definition

Emissions calculated according to actual emissions and resident principle

• Adding emissions by residents in ROW

• Substracting emissions by non-residents on national territory

Bridge table

CO2 emissions in the Netherlands

1990 1995 2 000 2 005 2 006

mld kg

1. Total, IPCC 159 171 169 176 172(Kyoto-protocol)

2. Temperature correction 4 0 3 0 1

3 Total, Annual environmental report (MNP) = 1 + 2 163 171 172 176 174

4 Emissions related to short term carbon cycles 6 6 8 10 105 Statistical descrepensies 2 1 3 4 3

6. CBS actual emissions in the Netherlands= 3 - 2 + 4 + 5 167 178 180 190 186

7. Residents abroad 13 18 23 24 24

8. Non residents in the Netherlands 4 5 6 6 6

9. Total emissions by residents, NAMEA (CBS) = 7 + 8 - 9 176 191 197 207 203

Greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

GDP

Total economy

Industry

ElectricitycompaniesTransport

Agriculture

Structural decomposition analyses greenhouse gas emissions

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Efficiency Structure Final demand Total change