GETTING ORGANIZED

RESEARCH PROCESS CHECKLIST

Start With a Broad Topic

Get Specific

Make Sure Research is Available (READ!)

Create Working Thesis

Construct Working Outline

Record Source Cards & Note Cards

Synthesize Formal Outline

Rough draft

Cite Sources on Works Cited

Polish Paper’s Format

Proof your Work

THESIS STATEMENTA thesis is a clear statement of the writer’s position. It is a claim statement – it indicates what the writer will prove through research.

A thesis statement follows a basic formula:Thesis = subject + position + 3 reasons

Here are some example thesis statements: Walt Disney has greatly impacted the world of entertainment by changing

children’s lives with his animated films and cartoons, bringing families together with the help of his theme parks, and providing good-natured education through his films.

Title 9 has significantly impacted women’s sports by creating opportunities for high school girls, offering equal scholarship money to girls, and developing a professional attitude toward women.

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The present generation must monitor the use of biotechnology, its possible effects on the breeding of animals and plants, and the possible unethical practices of genetic engineering.

CONDUCTING RESEARCH

WORKING OUTLINEA working outline is a general listing of the information needed to prove your thesis. This outline differs from a formal outline in that only key words and phrases are used instead of complete sentences. The working outline is used to guide your research.

Follow the formula and example outline below:

formula

TITLE

THESIS

I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION / OVERVIEW OF TOPIC (Slug/Subtopic)

II. REASON #1 FROM THESIS (Slug/Subtopic)

III. REASON #2 FROM THESIS (Slug/Subtopic)

IV. REASON #3 FROM THESIS (Slug/Subtopic)

Example working outline

ANWR: America’s Answer to the Oil Crisis

Drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) is beneficial to the

United States because it will decrease dependence on foreign oil, improve the

economy, and have minimal impact on the environment and animals.

I. Background Info. (this should be very minimal)

II. Dependence on Foreign Oil

II. Improving the Economy

III. Impact on Environment and Animals

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SOURCE CARDS The first stage in research is locating sources of information and compiling a working bibliography. It is recommended that students use index cards – one for each source – when compiling a working bibliography. These cards are commonly called SOURCE CARDS. Using the index cards allows students flexibility of arranging and rearranging their sources while researching.

Each card must contain all of the publication information needed for the final works cited page. (Refer to the “Example Works Cited Entries” section of this handbook for this information.) Recording all of this information correctly will save time and prevent many problems when preparing the final works cited page. Also, the cards should be individually numbered.

In addition, information which will help the student find the source is recommended. This information might be the call number, name of library, etc. The following example card can be used as a guide for creating your own source cards.

Author (Last name, First name) Title of Article or BookSource Number

WorksCited Info.

Pages cited

SourceLocation

Name of Source Date of Source

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1

Smith, Jamie. “Into Outer Space.” Time 4 March 2002: 17 – 22.

IHS Library

Note: This source card example is a magazine article. Use the same format of this information on the works cited page.

NOTE CARDSThe Seneca Valley School District requires the use of index cards for taking notes when researching. This allows the student to record and sort the gathered information in order to best fit the purpose of the paper. Each note card should contain:

the heading information (called a SLUG), the number to match the appropriate source card, and ONE piece of information the page number or numbers on which the information was found.

Heading/Subtopic (SLUG) Source Card Number

Information

Page #

FORMAL OUTLINE- 4 -

Remember - note cards contain only one piece of information: a direct quotation, a paraphrased note, or a summary.

Dependence on Foreign Oil 1

Current production of oil in Alaska has been steadily declining since 1988 thus increasing the dependency on other oil sources.

153

Once you have completed your research and organized your information, create a formal sentence outline. This outline is a plan to guide the writing of your first draft and it will present a skeleton of the entire paper. The sentence outline brings related material together under general headings and arranges sections so they relate logically to each other. This will make writing the paper much easier.

Rules for outlining:Use subordination to show the logical relationship of ideas

The major ideas come first, numbered with Roman numerals I, II, III, IV, V. Subtopics (support for major ideas) are listed below each of these, lettered with

Capitals A, B, C and indented. Details or examples come next, numbered 1, 2, 3, and indented. If there are further details, they will come after each, indent and letter with lower

case a, b, c. If there are even more after a, b, c, indent and use (1), (2), (3). Do not use a Roman numeral for the Intro, Thesis, or Conclusion. Indentations should be kept in vertical columns. If a sentence is too long for one

line, the second line should line up under the first word of the line above, not under the symbol.

Remember if there is an A, you must have a B, and if there is a 1 there must be a 2.

(Major idea—Roman numeral) (Subtopic—Capital Letters) (Details—Numbering)

(Lower Case lettering) I. There are several types of apples that can be used for baking.

A. Jonathan apples are sweet and tart. B. Granny Smith apples are sour yet one of the best for cooking.

1. They are grown mainly for their versatility.a. Granny Smith apples are used in main dishes.b. They are also used in desserts.

2. They have the daily recommended amount of Vitamin C as well as many other nutrients.

C. Cortland apples are firm and have a mild flavor.

The divisions in any series should be of EQUAL importance and indicate levels of significance.

Example on following page

ANWR: America’s Answer to the Oil Crisis

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Thesis: Drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) is beneficial to the United States because it will decrease dependence on foreign oil, will improve the economy, and will have minimal impact on the environment and animals.Introduction

I. The ANWR will provide a significant increase in oil production in the U.S. and decrease the need for foreign oil.

A. Current production of oil in Alaska has been steadily declining since 1988 thus increasing the dependency on other oil sources (“Top”).

B. Oil from Prudhoe Bay in Alaska still accounts for about 15% of the nations total oil production, but it has been reducing it output (“Alaska”).

C. In the ANWR there is a possibility to discover “Prudhoe Bay-sized” gas and oil (“Top”).1. ANWR is only one hundred miles away from Prudhoe Bay and is

expected to have similar geological trends (“Arctic”).2. The U.S. Department of Interior estimated that there would be nine –

sixteen billion barrels of oil that is recoverable (“Top”).3. ANWR could provide one million barrels of oil a day which is 5% of the

U.S. consumption (“Time”).4. ANWR is the biggest untapped oil pool and drilling there is a necessary

step to have a long-term oil supply (“Time”).D. “Extracting more oil from Alaska in an environmentally sensitive fashion is

important insurance against future energy shock” (“Time”).E. By drilling in Alaska, the nation would be able to rely on a rich energy

source and curb its dependence on the Middle East (“Time”).F. The U.S. has a plentiful supply of oil and it needs to tap into it (Ammer).G. Since gas reached $3.00 a gallon, the nation needs to increase the supply

and decrease the demand for oil (“Time”). H. Drilling in Alaska’s ANWR wouldn’t quickly reduce gas prices but would ease the nation’s

long term energy crisis (“Time”).

II. The development of the ANWR area will produce large economic and social benefits.

A. If drilling is allowed in the ANWR, federal revenues could be enhanced by billions of dollars (“Top”).

B. Energy companies could offer up to ten billion dollars to drill in the ANWR (“Time”).

C. If drilling is successful in the ANWR, gas prices in the U.S. will decrease, thus boosting the U.S. economy (Ammer).

D. Drilling in the ANWR will create 250,000 to 735,000 jobs (“Time”). E. Many Alaskans, even the majority of Inupiat Eskimos, support oil

production in ANWR, because it will help the local people (“Top”).1. Economic benefits from Prudhoe Bay have provided the area with better

schools (“Alaska”).

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2. Healthcare in the Prudhoe Bay area has improved because of the pipeline (“Alaska”).

III. Drilling in the ANWR would have very little effect on the environment.

A. Out of the entire ANWR only 8% or 1.5 million acres is being considered for development along the northern coast (“Top”).1. If oil is discovered, only 2,000 of the nineteen million acres will actually

be affected by drilling (“Time”). 2. Drilling activity would therefore affect half of 1% of the entire ANWR

(“Top”).3. The ANWR is such a remote area that those not associated with the oil

industry will never see it (”Time”).

B. Technology is advancing allowing oil to have less of an impact on the land and environment (“Top”).

1. Oil Companies can now drill twenty – thirty wells from a single location so there is little impact on the surface landscape (Ammer).

2. A single oil well can allow access to six – seven miles of oil horizontal from the drilling site (Ammer).

C. The number of animals around Prudhoe Bay has grown from 3,000 to 32,000 (“Alaska”).1. Thousands of waterfowl along with many other birds nest and reproduce

in Prudhoe Bay and in other oil fields (“Arctic”).2. Near Prudhoe Bay the Central Arctic caribou herd has flourished (“Top”).3. Caribou travel to oil fields to escape annoying pests (“Arctic”).4. Caribou travel to the pipeline for warmth (Ammer).5. In oil fields, brown bear and foxes remain plentiful and healthy (“Top”).6. Animals such as ravens and gulls have thrived, feeding on garbage

around the oil fields (“Alaska”).

Conclusion

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USING SOURCES CORRECTLY

While discovering other people’s thoughts and ideas about a particular topic is the main goal of research, it is imperative that a distinction be made between your ideas and the ideas of those people who have been consulted.

Presenting any author’s ideas or words as if they were your own, without acknowledging your source, is called plagiarism. While a researcher may not consider “borrowing” a phrase or two from another person’s work the same as stealing someone’s car, the principle is the same: the author’s work belongs to the author, and using it without permission or acknowledgment is stealing.

Because this is such a serious matter, any paper found to be plagiarized will receive a failing grade and may result in removal from the class with a failing grade. A more detailed explanation of Seneca Valley’s policy may be found in the Student Handbook.

In research writing, you document sources to let readers know where your information came from and to give credit to the writers whose words and ideas you have borrowed. To avoid plagiarism, you must cite all quotations, summaries, and paraphrases as well as any facts or ideas that are not common knowledge. In addition, you must be careful to put quotations in quotation marks and to express all paraphrases and summaries in your own words.

PARENTHETICAL REFERENCESParenthetical documentation gives credit to sources directly in the body of the paper. The preferred way of citing your source is to include the author’s name in the sentence itself. For instance:

Instead of writing:There are many different types of bats living in America (Brown 56).

You would write:According to Lisa Brown, there are many different types of bats living in America (56).

Note: A parenthetical citation is set off in parentheses with a period following the closing parenthesis.

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The citation has two parts: a signal phrase – According to Lisa Brown - and a page number in parentheses – (56). Readers interested in tracking down the source can turn to the list of works cited at the end of the paper, where full publishing information will be listed under the name Brown; once readers have located the source, they can turn to the exact page on which the information appears. Note exception: internet sources will most likely not have page #s.

There may be special circumstances wherein the basic parenthetical reference (Brown 56) does not apply. Here is a list of alterations to basic form:

Two or three authors: Give the last names of every author in the same order as they appear on the original source. (This is usually in alphabetical order.)

Ex. There are many different types of bats living in America (Brown and Dune 56) or (Brown, Dune, and Ford 56)

More than three authors: Give the first author’s last name, followed by “et al” (meaning “and others”).

Ex. There are many different types of bats living in America (Brown et al. 56).

Indirect or Secondary Sources: To cite an indirect source (someone’s remarks published in a second source), use the abbreviation “qtd. in” (quoted in) before the indirect source in the reference.

Ex. There are many different types of bats living in America (Blunton qtd. in Brown 56).

Works listed by title alone (no author noted): Give the first word of the article title instead of an author’s name.

For the following example, the article referred to is “Varying Bat Species in the Americas.”Ex. There are many different types of bats living in America (“Varying” 56).

Work without pagination: Simply give credit to the source and omit any reference to a page number.

Ex. There are many different types of bats living in America (Brown).

Citing more than one work in a single parenthetical reference: Cite each work as you normally would and use semi-colons to separate the citations.

Ex. There are many different types of bats living in North America as well as in Central and South America (Brown 356; “Varying” 56).

CITING QUOTATIONS

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Quotations must be copied accurately, word for word, and they must be placed in quotation marks. The following example is documented in MLA style of in-text citation.

According to Eugene Linden, “There is a good deal of evidence that maternal behavior in chimps is not entirely automatic” (93).

Do your best to include your own thoughts in each sentence of your paper. Avoid simply using a quote, as in:

“Changing the oil in your car is necessary after every 3000 miles” (Rucker 21). Instead, try something like this:

Although opinions vary on the issue, Dr. Thomas Rucker of the American Association of Auto Mechanics insists that “changing the oil in your car is necessary after every 3000 miles” (21).

LONG QUOTATIONS: Quotations of more than FOUR lines of typed text should be set off from the rest of the text by indenting each line ONE INCH. Further requirements include:

Place a colon before the quote begins (after the last sentence in the regular body). Do not use quotation marks. Place the period at the end of the sentence, before the parentheses. (This is the

ONLY exception to the punctuation rule.) The following is an example of how your paper will appear when you have a long

quote within the body of your research paper. According to John Saunders, the most difficult aspect of playing baseball is hitting the ball:

Hitting the baseball is one of the hardest things to do in all of sports. Taking a round bat and hitting a round ball squarely is a difficult thing to do. The best hitters in the world, like Barry Bonds and Tony Gwynn, only do it three out of ten times they come to bat. That means that they don’t get a hit seven out of ten times. (23)

PARTIAL QUOTATIONS: To omit part of a quotation, use an ellipsis to show omission. An ellipsis is three periods with a space before and after each one.

Ex. Other descriptions of personal space include a “shell . . . and a breathing room” (Sommer 26).

ADDING TO QUOTATIONS: Use brackets [like this] to signify any material added to the quotation to help clarify its meaning.

Ex. Although German and American men stand farthest apart and touch each other the least, Shuter reports “this trend [to be] almost reverse in Italy” (305).

CITING SUMMARIES, PARAPHRASES, FACTS, AND IDEASA summary condenses information from a source, perhaps capsulizing a chapter in a paragraph or a paragraph in a single sentence. A paraphrase reports information in roughly the same number of words used by the source. Neither a summary nor a paraphrase borrows extensive language from a source.

ORIGINAL SOURCE

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Public and scientific interest in the question of apes’ ability to use language first soared some 15 years ago when Washoe, a chimpanzee raised like a human child by R. Allen Gardner and Beatrice Gardner of the University of Nevada, learned to make hand signs for many words and even seemed to be making short sentences. –Eckholm,

“Pygmey,” p. B7SUMMARYInterest in the ability of apes to use language was sparked in the early seventies,

when a chimpanzee named Washoe was taught sign language by R. Allen Gardner and Beatrice Gardner (Eckholm B7).

PARAPHRASEInterest in the ability of apes to learn language mounted in the seventies, with reports that Washoe, a chimpanzee trained by professors R. Allen Gardner and Beatrice Garner, had learned words in sign language and possibly short sentences (Eckholm B7).

In addition to citing summaries and paraphrases, cite any other specific borrowing from a source: statistics, little-known facts, controversial date, charts, graphs, diagrams, and original ideas. The only exception is common knowledge – information that readers could find in any number of general sources because it is commonly known.Remember: if you do not cite a piece of information from a note card, you are plagiarizing.

If in doubt, cite.

WORKS CITEDThe Works Cited section of the research paper includes all of the sources cited in the text. The guidelines that follow describe the form of the works cited section.

Begin on a new page. Use one inch (1”) margins for all edges. Type the page number in the upper right-hand corner, one-half inch from the top of the

page, and one inch from the right edge, with your last name before it. Center the title Works Cited one inch from the top; the title is centered, but is NOT

underlined, in quotes, or in all caps. Double-space everything on the Works Cited Page. Begin each entry flush with the left margin. If the entry runs more than one line, indent

run-over lines. This is called reverse indenting. List each entry alphabetically by the author’s last name. If there is no author, use the

first word of the title (disregard “a,” “an,” and “the”). All sources used in paper (parenthetical documentation) must be on Works Cited Page.

Below is an example of a Works Cited Page in MLA Style:

WORKS CITED ENTRIES – formulas and examples

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Smith 5

Works Cited

“America on Drugs.” Newsweek 28 July 1996: 48-50.

“Falcon.” The Audubon Nature Encyclopedia. The Audubon Society. 12 volumes.

Philadelphia: Cross Publishers, 1995.

Pettingill, Olin Sewall, Jr. “Falcon and Falconry.” World Book Encyclopedia. 2000.

“Wildlife Notes.” The American Peregrine Falcon. 20 June 2005. Turner

Classics. 25 July 2005. http://www.nationalwildlifefederation.org.

INTERNET ARTICLELast name, First name. “Article title.” Name of Website. Date of posting/revisions. Name of institution/organization affiliated with site. Date of access

<electronic address>.Poland, Dave. “The Hot Button.” Roughcut. 26 Oct. 2003. Turner Network

Television. 28 Oct. 2004 <http://www.roughcut.com>.

DATABASE (including EBSCO and Opposing Viewpoints)Last name, First name. “Title of work.” Article’s Original Source date: Database.

Location. Date accessed <web address>Stemple, Douglas. “Loving Our Heritage.” Annapolis Reporter 3 July 1992: MasterFILE Premier. Seneca Valley Intermediate High School, Harmony,

PA. 13 Nov. 1995 <http://www.powerlibrary.org>.Doe, Jane. “How to Remain Anonymous.” Newsweek 18 June 2008: Opposing

Viewpoints. Seneca Valley Intermediate High School, Harmony, PA. 25 June 2008 http://find.galegroup.com

BOOK BY 1 AUTHORLast name, First name. Title. City of publication: Publishing Co., copyright date.Allen, Thomas B. Vanishing Wildlife of North America. Washington, D.C.:

National Geographic Society, 1974.

ANONYMOUS AUTHORTitle. City of publication: Publishing Company, copyright date.New York’s Public Library Student’s Desk Reference. New York: Prentice,

1993.

BOOK BY 2-3 AUTHORSLast name, First name and First name Last name. Title. City of publication.

Publishing Co., copyright date.Searles, Baird and Martin Last. A Reader’s Guide to Science Fiction. New York: Prentice, 1979.

BOOK BY MORE THAN 3 AUTHORS/EDITORSLast name, First name, et al. Title. City of publication: Publishing Co., copyright

date.

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Follow the formulas exactly, including all punctuation marks. If a piece of information, such as the author’s name, is unavailable, go to the next item

in the format. Use the first word in the listing as a basis for alphabetical order.

Brandes, Kathleen, et al., eds. Vanishing Species. New York: Time-Life, 1976.

TWO OR MORE BOOKS BY THE SAME AUTHORList the books alphabetically according to title. After the first entry, substitute three hyphens for the author’s name. For example:Laurence, Peter J. The Peter Pyramid. New York: William Morrow, 1986.---, Why Things Go Wrong. New York: William Morrow, 1985.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OR WELL-KNOWN REFERENCELast name, First name. “Article or entry title.” Book title. Edition. Copyright. Pettingill, Olin Sewall, Jr. “Falcon and Falconry.” World Book Encyclopedia.

1980.“Mandarin.” The Encyclopedia Americana. 1993.

PAMPHLETTreat a pamphlet like a book.

SIGNED ARTICLE IN A MAGAZINELast name, First name. “Article title.” Magazine title day month year: page

number(s).Kanfer, Stefan. “Heard Any Good Books Lately?” Time 21 July 1986: 71.

UNSIGNED ARTICLE IN A MAGAZINE“Article title.” Magazine title day month year: page number(s).“America on Drugs.” Newsweek 28 July 1986: 48-50.

SIGNED NEWSPAPER ARTICLELast name, First name. “Article title.” Newspaper title day month year, section:

page number.Kalette, Denise. “California Town Counts Down to Big Quake.” USA Today 21

July 1986, A: 1.

UNSIGNED NEWSPAPER ARTICLE“Article title.” Newspaper title day month year, section: page number.“A School Year Without a Strike.” Chicago Tribune 22 July 1986, sec. 1: 10.

CD-ROM DATABASESLast name, First name. “Article title.” CD-ROM Title. Edition. CD-ROM. City of

publication: Publishing Co., copyright date.“Albatross.” The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd edition. CD-ROM. Oxford:

Oxford UP, 1992.

ARTICLE FROM A MAGAZINE ONLINELast name, First name. “Article title.” Magazine title day month year published.

day month year accessed. <web address>.

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Brooks, David. “The Culture of Martyrdom.” Newsweek 27 May 2002. 18 Sept. 2004 <http://www.msnbc/news/754336.asp>.

ARTICLE FROM A NEWSPAPER ONLINELast name, First name. “Article title.” Newspaper title day month year published.

day month year accessed. <web address>.Achenbach, Joel. “America’s River.” Washington Post 5 May 2002. 20 May

2002. <http://www.washingtonpost.com/A134525-20002May1.html>.

TELEVISION OR RADIO PROGRAM“Title of episode or segment.” Program Title. Title of series. Name of network.

Call letters and city of local station. Broadcast date.“The Ultimate Road Trip: Traveling in Cyberspace.” 48 Hours. CBS. WBBM,

Chicago. 13 Apr. 1995.

FILM/VIDEO RECORDINGTitle. Director. Distributor, Year.It’s a Wonderful Life. Dir. Frank Capra. RKO, 1946.

PERSONAL INTERVIEWLast name, First name of person interviewed. Type of interview (personal,

telephone, email). Day month year.Brooks, Sarah. Personal interview. 15 Oct. 2004.

ANTHOLOGY (Collection of literary articles such as Opposing Viewpoints)Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of Book. Ed. First name Last name.

City of publisher: Publisher, Copyright. Page #.Green, Mark. The Pro-PAC Backlash: When Money Talks.” Opposing

Viewpoints: Sports. Ed. Tye Rice. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2000. 7.SIRS

Last name, First name. “Title of article.” Title of Series. Date: Page #. Volume name.Volume #. City and state of publishing, Publisher, Copyright. Article #.

Buldyk, Natalya. “Children of Chernobyl.” Soviet Life. April 1999: 51-57. Youth. Vol. 5. Boca Raton, FL: SIRS, 2000. Art. 32.

FACTS on FILE“Title of article.” Title of series Date“Bush Declares War on Iraq.” Facts on File World News Digest 12 Dec. 2002.

ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES“Title of article.” Title of Series Date: Page #.“Affirmative Action.” Issues and Controversies on File 12 Sept. 2000: 10—11.

How to locate source/citation information on an EbscoHost document:

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Location

Title of article

Author

Source

Date of original article

DatabaseThose Crazy Insanity Pleas

Section: AMERICAN JUSTICE IN AN OBITUARY OF TRIAL LAWYER Vincent J. Fuller on

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3 of 66  Result List | Refine Search Print 

E-mail  Save  Export Add to folder

Title: “Those Crazy Insanity Pleas.”Authors: Vatz, Richard E.Source: USA Today Magazine; Sept. 2006, Vol. 135

Issue 2736, p57-57, 1pDocument Type: ArticleSubject Terms: CRIMINAL procedure

INSANITY -- JurisprudenceLAWYERSPLEAS (Criminal procedure)INSANITY defense

Abstract: The article discusses the issues on insanity plea used by defense trial lawyers to win acquittal for their clients. The central reason John Hinkley Jr. was found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan was that, in the Federal courts at the time, if the judge permitted the use of the insanity plea, it acquired the presumption of truth. In other words, the government had to prove Hinckley's sanity beyond a reasonable doubt.

Full Text Word Count:1025ISSN: 0161-7389Accession Number: 22189022

Database: MasterFILE Premier

Date accessed

FORMATTING THE PAPER

Follow the rules below when formatting your research paper: Print on one side of the paper. Use 1 inch margins around the edges of the paper. Double-space throughout the paper and indent all paragraphs. Use 12 point Times New Roman font. No title page is required for a research paper. Instead, follow the example below. Use your word-processing software’s Header function to print your last name and the

page number in the right-hand corner of each page. This will place them a half-inch from the top.

Double-space entire paper Student’s Last NameUse 1-inch margins top, bottom, left, and right and Page #

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(down ½” from top of page) Smith 1

Student’s Name

Teacher’s Name

Course Title (English10)

Day Month Year

The Porpoise: A Playful Mammal(title – centered, NOT underlined, NOT in quotes, NOT in all caps)

The porpoise is an aquatic mammal related to the whales. The name porpoise is also often

used for members of the Northern Hemisphere, although some warm-water members of the species

live in tropical waters off the African coast. The common porpoise is usually about five feet long and

weighs about 100 pounds.

9/25/2007 Source will appear on Works Cited page as:Vatz, Richard. “Those Crazy Insanity Pleas.” USA Today Magazine Sept. 2006: MasterFILE Premier. Seneca Valley Intermediate High School, Harmony, PA. 25 Sept. 2008.<http:// www.powerlibrary.org>.

Insert Netstorage page

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Insert Library tips from Peggy

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Insert Turn-it-in directions

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Insert student model

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