Complementary & Complementary & Alternative TherapyAlternative Therapy

Sakura Maillet Kathy Cress-Waugh

Kendra Miller

““Curing the soul; that is the first thing”Curing the soul; that is the first thing”

-Socrates-Socrates(as cited in Fontaine, 2005)(as cited in Fontaine, 2005)

Experience Your Energy Experience Your Energy FieldField

(Fontaine, 2005)

PurposePurpose

□To address the issue of utilizing To address the issue of utilizing complementary and alternative complementary and alternative therapytherapy

ObjectivesObjectives□1) The class will be able to identify the different 1) The class will be able to identify the different

complementary and alternative therapies complementary and alternative therapies

□2) The class will be able to compare the positives 2) The class will be able to compare the positives versus the negatives of integrating alternate versus the negatives of integrating alternate therapies into nursing practice therapies into nursing practice

□3) The class will distinguish for themselves after the 3) The class will distinguish for themselves after the presented material whether they support or are presented material whether they support or are against the use of alternative therapies against the use of alternative therapies

□4) The class will be able to list ways that they can 4) The class will be able to list ways that they can integrate these therapies into their nursing practiceintegrate these therapies into their nursing practice

Conventional Medicine Conventional Medicine

□Biomedical or Biomedical or Western Western medicinemedicine

□Rene Descartes Rene Descartes (1596-1650)(1596-1650)

□Sir Issac Newton Sir Issac Newton (1642-1727)(1642-1727)

□Mechanistic/ Mechanistic/ reductionistic reductionistic

(Fontaine, 2005)

Alternative TherapyAlternative Therapy

□HolisticHolistic

□Albert Einstein Albert Einstein (1879-1955)(1879-1955)

□Life forceLife force

□Chronic/ debilitating Chronic/ debilitating diseasedisease

(Fontaine, 2005)

Complementary TherapyComplementary Therapy

□Conventional medicine & Conventional medicine & alternative therapyalternative therapy

□Holistic care model Holistic care model

+

NursingNursing

□Using our hands, heart, and head in Using our hands, heart, and head in creating healing environmentscreating healing environments

□Scientific skills & spiritual Scientific skills & spiritual commitmentcommitment

□Attitude and perspective Attitude and perspective

□Holistic Holistic

□Take care of yourself Take care of yourself

(Fontaine, 2006)

Basic Concepts in Alternative Basic Concepts in Alternative therapy therapy

□BalanceBalance

□SpiritualitySpirituality

□EnergyEnergy

□BreathBreath

(Fontaine, 2006)

Complementary & Alternative Complementary & Alternative TherapiesTherapies

□Systematized Health Care Systematized Health Care PracticesPractices

□Traditional Chinese MedicineTraditional Chinese Medicine□Ayurvedic Medicine Ayurvedic Medicine □Native American Healing and Native American Healing and

CuranderismoCuranderismo(Fontaine, 2006)

□Botanical HealingBotanical Healing

□Herbs and Nutritional Herbs and Nutritional SupplementsSupplements

□Aromatherapy Aromatherapy □HomeopathyHomeopathy□NaturopathyNaturopathy

(Fontaine, 2006)

□Manual Healing MethodsManual Healing Methods

□ChiropracticChiropractic□MassageMassage□Pressure Point TherapiesPressure Point Therapies□Hand-Mediated Biofield TherapiesHand-Mediated Biofield Therapies□Combined Physical and Biofield Combined Physical and Biofield

TherapiesTherapies

(Fontaine, 2006)

□Mind- Body TechniquesMind- Body Techniques

□YogaYoga□MeditationMeditation□Hypnotherapy and Guided ImageryHypnotherapy and Guided Imagery□DreamworkDreamwork□IntuitionIntuition□BiofeedbackBiofeedback□Movement-Oriented TherapiesMovement-Oriented Therapies

(Fontaine, 2006)

□Spiritual TherapiesSpiritual Therapies

□ShamansShamans□Faith and PrayerFaith and Prayer

(Fontaine, 2006)

□Other TherapiesOther Therapies

□BioelectromagneticsBioelectromagnetics□Detoxifying TherapiesDetoxifying Therapies□Animal-Assisted TherapyAnimal-Assisted Therapy

(Fontaine, 2006)

Factors Influencing Nurses Use Factors Influencing Nurses Use of CAT of CAT

□Personal usePersonal use

□Perception of legitimacy, efficacy, Perception of legitimacy, efficacy, and benefitsand benefits

□Knowledge & experienceKnowledge & experience

□Nurses stress and environmental Nurses stress and environmental stressorsstressors

(Tracy, Lindquist, Savik, Watanuki, Sendelbach, Kreitzer, & Berman, 2005)

□General openness towards therapies General openness towards therapies

□AgeAge

□Ethnic backgroundEthnic background

□Religious affiliationReligious affiliation

□Other sociodemographic factors Other sociodemographic factors

□Concerns about legal issues Concerns about legal issues

□Ethical issuesEthical issues

□Lack of equipment, time, training Lack of equipment, time, training

Pros of Complementary and Pros of Complementary and Alternative TherapyAlternative Therapy

□HistoryHistory

□Positive attitudesPositive attitudes

□Physiological and psychological Physiological and psychological benefitsbenefits

□Combination with conventional Combination with conventional medicinemedicine

□Cost-effective (within hospital)Cost-effective (within hospital)

□““Specific to patient and not the Specific to patient and not the disease” (Helms, 2006).disease” (Helms, 2006).

Pros related to NursingPros related to Nursing

• Provided by nurse

• Positive attitudes

• Increased interest of education

Cons of Complimentary and Cons of Complimentary and Alternative Therapies or Alternative Therapies or

Medicine (CAT/ CAM)Medicine (CAT/ CAM)

□Unreported useUnreported use

□SafetySafety

□Adverse Drug ReactionsAdverse Drug Reactions

□Money/ Expenses Money/ Expenses

□Nurse related issues Nurse related issues

Unreported use of CAMUnreported use of CAM

□HCP negative feelings.HCP negative feelings.□47% of patient use CAM.47% of patient use CAM.

□1/3 unreported1/3 unreported□CAM can effect clinical disorders, and CAM can effect clinical disorders, and

can have adverse reactions with can have adverse reactions with conventional medications.conventional medications.

Mantle, 2006

SafetySafety

□Misconception: Natural Misconception: Natural means safe.means safe.

□ Unknown, Unknown, unmonitored, unmonitored, inadequateinadequate

□CAM practitioners are CAM practitioners are not always educated on not always educated on

clinical disordersclinical disorders□Adverse nutrition and Adverse nutrition and

dietary advicedietary advice□Side effects of CAMSide effects of CAM

Mantle, 2006

Adverse Drug and Therapy Adverse Drug and Therapy ReactionsReactions

□Unstable blood pressure controlUnstable blood pressure control

□Unstable diabetesUnstable diabetes

□Herbal remedies (over the counter)Herbal remedies (over the counter)

□ 12 adverse drug reactions in 24 12 adverse drug reactions in 24 monthsmonths

Mantle, 2006/ Jose, Rao, Kamath, & Jimmy, 2009

Money and Expenses Money and Expenses

□out of the pocket expenses out of the pocket expenses

□many limitations to insurer many limitations to insurer reimbursement reimbursement

□Consumer demand Consumer demand

□proven efficacy proven efficacy

□cost effectivenesscost effectiveness

Grimaldi, 2008

Nursing Related ConsNursing Related Cons

Nurse Related IssuesNurse Related Issues

□Lack of information in nursing Lack of information in nursing education related to CAMeducation related to CAM

□Not enough timeNot enough time

□Not enough training Not enough training

□Not enough KnowledgeNot enough Knowledge

□Ethical issuesEthical issues

□Reluctance of peers and physicians Reluctance of peers and physicians

Helms, 2006/ Tracy et al, 2005

Strategies for Incorporating Complementary andAlternative Therapies into Nursing Curricula

•Provide complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) learning opportunities for faculty through

workshops, seminars, and online learning modules.• Revise course objectives to reflect CAM

interventions inpatient care.

Helms, 2006

□Encourage CAM interventions in care plans whenever appropriate.

□ Include specific CAM information relevant to theory and skill courses and clinical experiences.

□ Look for inclusion of CAM in textbooks before adoption.

□ Include CAM articles as part of required readings.□ Provide adequate library resources, such as CAM

journals.□ Include basic CAM principles on tests.

Information Video about Information Video about CAM!CAM!

http://http://www.youtube.com/watch?vwww.youtube.com/watch?v

=ig3IyCB4ytg=ig3IyCB4ytg

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions□1) Do you believe there is a value to these 1) Do you believe there is a value to these

alternative therapies used in nursing?alternative therapies used in nursing?

□2) What do you perceive as the barriers to 2) What do you perceive as the barriers to using these therapies?using these therapies?

□3) Would anyone like to share their 3) Would anyone like to share their personal experience where alternative personal experience where alternative therapies have been used? Beneficial or therapies have been used? Beneficial or non-beneficial?non-beneficial?

□4) How would you integrate these therapies 4) How would you integrate these therapies into your nursing practice?into your nursing practice?

Breathing CloudsBreathing Clouds

□http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50_p7H-OYlk&feature=related0_p7H-OYlk&feature=related

ExamplesExamples

□Ginger Ginger □Decreases nauseaDecreases nausea□Boosts the immune systemBoosts the immune system□Lowers blood pressure Lowers blood pressure

□Use 2 tsp of powered or grated root per Use 2 tsp of powered or grated root per cup of boiling water. Steep 20 mins, strain, cup of boiling water. Steep 20 mins, strain, add juice from half a lemon and honey for add juice from half a lemon and honey for taste. Drink hot up to 3 cups a day.taste. Drink hot up to 3 cups a day.

(Fontaine, 2006)

ExamplesExamples

□MintMint□Relaxes the digestive tractRelaxes the digestive tract□Used to treat colds, cough, & feverUsed to treat colds, cough, & fever

□For infusion: use 1 tsp of fresh herb or 2 For infusion: use 1 tsp of fresh herb or 2 tsp of dried leaves per cup of boiling tsp of dried leaves per cup of boiling water. Steep 10 mins, strain, and drink up water. Steep 10 mins, strain, and drink up to 3 cups a day. to 3 cups a day.

(Fontaine, 2006)

Adult Cold CureAdult Cold Cure

□2 drops eucalyptus2 drops eucalyptus□5 drops geranium5 drops geranium□3 drop peppermint3 drop peppermint□5 drops rosemary5 drops rosemary

□Mix oils together and use in any of these ways:Mix oils together and use in any of these ways:□Several drops in a diffuser, 2 drops on a tissue Several drops in a diffuser, 2 drops on a tissue

and breathe in the aroma, 4 drops in a bath, and breathe in the aroma, 4 drops in a bath, add 8 drops to 2 tbs of massage oil and add 8 drops to 2 tbs of massage oil and massage the chest, back, neck, forehead, massage the chest, back, neck, forehead, nose, cheekbones.nose, cheekbones.

(Fontaine, 2006)