Complex simulator Complex simulator for fighting detachment of for fighting detachment of fighting vehicle FV 9fighting vehicle FV 9АА33 33

of antiof anti--aircraft missile system aircraft missile system 99КК33 33 ««OSAOSA»»

Capabilities of existing trainer means on training of fighting detachments

Name and code Capabilities of the complete set of training means

training-operating antiaircraft guided missile 9М33М3 Size-dimensional model of antiaircraft guided missile Training cut antiaircraft guided missile 9М33М3 Complete set of the electrified stands 2К263МIndependent simulator 9Ф632Training device 0002-01

Studying of the device, order of functioning and fighting application of antiaircraft missile system;Training and the control of activity of fighting detachment of FV 9А33БМ in the solution of firing problems in the conditions of various simulated or real air and interference conditions (quantity of the simulated air targets-16);Factor of coverage of fighting activityoperations 0,87.

Lacks of an independent simulator 9Ф632 (Ushat)The simulator is not adapted for last modernizations 9М33БМ3, SAGM 9М33М3.A number of operational modes of FV 9А33 – semi-automatic target tracking in angular co-

ordinates and by range, management of fighting activity in motion is not realised, presence and condition of surface to air guided missiles (SAGM) is not simulated.Imitation of functioning of FV 9А33 in the course of fighting activity is simplified – there is no

imitation of process of aiming of operations both SAGM in a mode the AT, and in the SAT mode on ТОS, the defeat zone is formed on the simplified algorithms and does not reflect complexity of the form and irregularity depending on the current situation, an simplified identification mode (identification imitation is made only in the mode VALVE), formal (not adapted for conditions) generation of commands after launch of SAGM (acquisition, control and aiming of missiles is simulated by relay commands), a simplified version of imitation of signs of target defeat (blip loss in indicators), a simplified version of imitation of signs of a miss (loss of signal of SAGM).Chief instructor’s capabilities on formation air and interference conditions are limited:Can be generated from one to four groups of targets;Quantity of versions of structure of each group is limited - the single purpose, a column and pair

front, a rhombus, a square, a bearing;Manoeuvre is simulated only for group of targets (if there are more than one manoeuvring groups

their manoeuvre is conducted simultaneously, i.e. all groups are connected during manoeuvre);Group manoeuvre is provided only in a horizontal plane («turn» or «S-turn»), vertical manoeuvre

of air targets, manoeuvre by speed are not simulated ;Quantity of simulated start-up of missiles is limited (not more than 2);Imitation of division of group of targets is made by preliminary association of two groups of

targets;Formation of hindrances on intermediate frequency does not allow to create close to real

interference conditions on indicators: width of sector of an active noise interference (ANI) and clouds of passive interference (PI) are fixed and make 14 degrees, quantity of directions with ANI and PI not more than 4, PI motion by azimuth is simulated together with moving of the targets by azimuth.Training of the batteries is not provided.

Contradiction of combat training of divisions of AAMS «OSA»

on existing training-material resourcesFeatures of special and tactical-special preparation of divisions of

AAMS «OSA»

1. Actions of fighting detachments are not practiced at performance of some operations and modes of fighting activity having essentially great value in the conditions of firing suppression of system of air defence (detection, identification and tracking of air targets on ТОS, a visual estimation of range of targets, estimation of a capability and shooting on manoeuvring single and to multiple targets in the conditions of application by the air opponent of different interferences of various intensity, definition of the moment of start-up of SAGM, estimation of results of shooting, fighting activity in motion and shooting with short stops.2. Fighting detachments do not work in constantly becoming complicated air and interference conditions, do not study to estimate conditions and to make solution in the conditions of a deficit of time and fast changes of conditions.3. Mangement of fighting detachments of FV 9А33 as a part of the battery, the battery and regiment fire control are not provided.4. Tactical exercises with firing are conducted, as a rule, in simple air conditions, without interference. Firing is performed at not manoeuvring or weak-manoeuvring single air targets.

Results of the fighting exercises of divisions of AAMS «OSA» on existing training-material resources

▬ There is no possibility regularly to train fighting detachments of AAMS in difficult air and interference conditions. ▬ There is no possibility regularly to generate and support steady skills of fighting activity at fighting detachments in all air and interference conditions.▬ There is no capability to provide management of fighting detachments and divisions and objectively to estimate their level.

Essence of contradiction of combat training Impossibility of maintenance of a high training level of fighting detchments and divisions armed with AAMS «OSA», and also of management of effective fighting activity in difficult air and interference conditions on the basis of existing training means.

ConsequenceImpossibility of the full realizations of fighting capabilities of the divisions armed with AAMS «OSA», in modern antiaircraft fight

Way of solution of the contradiction

Working out of the complete set of a simulator on the basis of imitating modelling, technologies of three-dimensional drawing, full-function servers, network and geoinformation technologies

Condition of achievement of the purpose of combat training on the basis of new training means

Working out of techniques of application of a simulator in the course of combat training of divisions and the parts armed with AAMS «OSA», providing activity corresponding to their fighting mission and control in parametres of the training-informational environment according to required dynamics of change of skills of management of fighting activity

CONTRADICTION

Way of solution of the main contradiction of combat training of the divisions armed

with AAMS “OSA"

Basic impossibility of maintenance of

conditions of trainings, close to fighting, and

also formations of steady skills and

management of fighting on existing training-material resources

Necessity of formation and maintenance of

steady skills of fighting activity at experts,

management of fighting detachments and

divisions

Structure of a complex training simulator of combat unit

The principle of construction of a semi-natural training simulator consists in interface of simulators of regular equipment of workplaces of numbers of combat units with computing means, modeling their work according to tactical-technical characteristics of AAMS, air and jamming environment, providing realistic visualization of air conditions on simulators of electron beam indicators and in FOV of optical-electronic systems taking into account time of day and season, physical-geographical and meteorological conditions of area of operations

Operator’s workplace

Detachment commander’s workplace

Senior operator’s workplace

Ст.Оп.

Вод.

Оп.

ЗамНР.

НР

Аппаратныйотсек

СРП

9А33

Ст.Оп.

Вод.

Оп.

ЗамНР.

НР

Аппаратныйотсек

Аппаратныйотсек

СРП

СРП

9А33

Coordination device

Chief instructor’s workplace

General view of the simulator of fighting

compartment of FV 9А33БМ3

Block diagram of a simulator

Means of formation of

image of objects and

environmental background

Means of interactive

interaction with the chief

instructor

CHIEF INSTRUCTOR

Simulars of objects and

environmental background

Simulator of fighting division

Means of transformation

of electric signals in the digital form

Means of transformation of digital codes

in electric signals

Means of transformation

of physical values in

electric signals

Means of transformation

of electric signals

in physical values

Interactive interaction of the instructor with trainees

TR

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S

MA

TH

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AT

ICA

L M

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Capabilities of complex simulatorof fighting detachment of fighting vehicle FV 9А33

Item No.

Name of unit, device Index

1 Unit OO04-11M1 СЛ-2

2 Unit of monitoring signals ФК 0004-14 СЛ-2

3 Video receiving device ВПУ-55 СЛ-2

4 Target search indicator on a corner of place ОС81-10 СЛ-2

5 Control block on a corner of place ОС52-14 СЛ-2

6 Power block of units BCO OO94-9 СЛ-2

7 Unit ИКО OP81-16 СЛ-2

8 Main amplifier СОЦ OP63-6 СЛ-2

9 Azimuth control block on azimuth ОС52-12 СЛ-2

10 Autorange finder СВР-1 ОК81-4 (channel 1) СЛ-1

11 Autorange finder СВР-11 ОК81-4 (channel 11) СЛ-2

12 Unit AРУ OO62-6 СЛ-2

13 Range indicator ОС81-9 СЛ-2

14 Main amplifier SSTS OS61-5 СЛ-2

15 Autorange indicator ОС81-18 СЛ-2

16 Unit BCO ШТ OO51-7 СЛ-2

17 Unit ФК OO04-12 СЛ-1

18 Gyro devices actuation board ОО05-8 СЛ-1

19 Amplifying station ОО09-5 СЛ-1

20 Indication panel

21 Control case ОО96-9 СП-2

22 Unit ЧПК OO65-2 СП-2

23 Unit of time mechanisms ОР-14 СП-2

24 Unit of reproduction of swingings ОР-31 СП-2

25 Lvele switch unit ОР-11 СП-2

26 Unit of tracking systems OR-21 СП-2

27 Distributive unit OO91-17 СП-2

28 Switching device OO91-18 СП-2

29 Stopper qн Compartment ceiling

Structure of a complex training simulator

Capabilities of the integration simulatorof fighting calculation

of fighting vehicle FV 9А33Simulated kinds of handicaps

1. Passive handicaps: Dipole handicaps, including out of period Reflexions from local subjects and hydrometeors

2. Active handicaps: Active noise handicaps Angular mating handicaps Withdrawing handicaps on range Repeated otvetno-pulse handicaps

3. Nonsynchronous pulse handicaps, Created by the next RADARS.

Operational modes of trained fighting calculations: Detection, the identification (with imitation of marks of the identification) and selection of the simulated purpose for bombardment (quantity of the simulated purposes in a detection zone – to 40) Acquisition of the simulated purpose on range and angular co-ordinates in a manual mode and by means of the autoacquisition scheme Tracking of the simulated purpose in angular co-ordinates and range in an automatic mode in handicapes and without handicapes Tracking of the simulated purpose in angular co-ordinates in a semi-automatic mode, in a semi-automatic mode on ТОS Processing of the formation and divided air targets, definition and selection of the most dangerous air target Definition of the moment of start-up Bombardment of the purposes by various ways Visual supervision of flight and rendezvous SAGM and AT on a range indicator and on ТОS; Estimation of results of shooting Capability of individual training of numbers of fighting calculation The automated estimation of actions of trainees, documenting of results of actions of trained fighting calculations Imitation of firing counteraction of the air opponent, manoeuvre of air targets

Simulated air targets1. The single purposes:

Helicopters (AH-64, КA-50, МI-8, МI-24) Attack planes (type А-10А, SU-25, «Alpha Jet») Tactical fighters (type F-15E, F-16WITH, F-18C, "Tornado", МIG-29, SU-27, SU-30, "Jaguar") Hardly noticeable airplanes (type F-117A)

2. Multiple targets: Pair (fighting usages - a bearing, a column, a wedge, front of airplanes) Link (fighting usages - a bearing, a column, front of pairs) Squadron (fighting usages - a bearing, a column, S-turn of links (pairs), a wedge of links, a circle of links Groups of airplanes of different function.

3. Pilotless flight vehicles: Prospecting (type «Predator») Shock (type MQ-9 «Reaper») Cruise missiles (type ALCM, SLCM) Operated aerial bombs (type GBU-15, JDAM)

4. Anti-radar missiles (Type AGM-88A).

Operational characteristics Operational characteristics Complex training apparatus of combat unit FV 9Complex training apparatus of combat unit FV 9АА3333

StructureThe simulator of fighting separation of FV 9А33 (includes workplaces of the detachment commander, senior operator and operator) Chief instructor’s workplace (includes the unified desktop, turning on/off devices, tunit of continuous power supply, a hardware-software complex)Complete set of the operational documentationSingle SPTA

Operational characteristics

No. Name Value

1 Quantity of trained crews 1

2 Quantity of trainees in crew 3

3 Structure of trainees in crew Detachment commander, senior operator,operator

4 The minimum area, necessary forplacement of a simulator, sq. m

30

5 Type of a premise for training apparatus accommodation

Educational classroom

6 Available time of a product for activity afteractuation, min

No more than 5

7 Duration of continuous activity, hours 12

8 Power supply source Single-phase alternating current circuitVoltage 220 V +/-10 % Frequency50 Hz +/-1,5

9 Maximum power consumption, kW*А 5,5

10 Interval of operational temperatures ofambient air

- Increased operational and limitingtemperature - to +35°С;- Lowered operational temperature to 5°С;- Relative humidity to 80 % at temperature

+25°С

11 Degree of conformity of algorithms of a simulator’s functioning to algorithms

of functioning of fighting vehicle FV 9А33

full in a mode of fighting activity

12 Degree of coverage of operations of fighting activity by fighting detachment

Not less than 0,8

Resources, service life and warranties

The warranty period of operation of a simulator is 36 months from the moment of its commissioning

The appointed resource of a simulator is 8 years.

Capabilities of an integration of simulators for maintenance of trainings as a part of a regiment «OSA» (version with PU-12М as

control center of a battery)

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ 1

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ

INTPHINTPHINTPH

SimulatorFV 9A33

SimulatorPU-12M

SimulatorP-18

SimulatorP-19

SimulatorPU-12M

1 antiaircraft missile battery

CC AAMR

Version of ACS "Manoeuvre"

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ

MP-25

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ

ПУ-12М

INTPHINTPHINTPHБМ

INTPHINTPHINTPH

MP-22SimulatorPU-12M

SimulatorFV 9A33

Simulator

P-40

SimulatorP-19

SimulatorP-18

1 antiaircraft missile battery

CC AAMR

CAPABILITIES OF TRAINING-MODELLINGSYSTEM of the ANTIAIRCRAFT MISSILE

REGIMENT ARMED WITH AAMS 9К33 «OSA»The training-modelling system of an antiaircraft missile regiment provides a capability for management of all divisions in unified simulated air and interference conditions in real time.Capabilities of training-modelling system:- Training CC of a regiment in planning, torganisation and management of operations on the basis of use of models of estimation of efficiency of operations, and also the objective account of real skill level of divisions of reconnaissance, control and firing divisions;- Application of training-informational models including the scenarios of actions of the air opponent of various level of complexity (fig.1), and also a wide range of air and interference conditions;

Fig.1 Version of structure of a fighting order of a regiment

-Optimisation of the most effective ways of estimation of air and interference conditions, decision-making on reflexion of attcack of the air opponent, target distributing, a fire control of divisions of a regiment;-management of actions of divisions of reconnaissance, control and firing divisions of a regiment during antiaircraft fights;-Optimisation of questions of interaction of divisions of a regiment during reflexion of blows of the air opponent.

MULTILEVEL SYSTEM OF COMBAT TRAININGOF THE ANTIAIRCRAFT MISSILE REGIMENT

ARMED WITH AAMS 9К33 «OSA»

Stages of training

Categories of trainees

Fighting detachments, batteries’ commanders

Regiment’s commander and its deputies

Individual preparation (technical, reconnaissance, special, tactical training)

Interactive courses for placement, exploitation of

equipment and fighting operation

Interactive courses on fighting work, rules of firing

and course of firing

Workplaces of detachments of FV 9А33 and radars in the batteries simulators and reconnaissance radars

Regiment commander’s workplace simulator and assistants on simulator of

CC AAMR Management of fighting detachments

Complex simulators FV 9А33

Simulator of CC AAMR

Fighting management of divisions

Training-modelling complexes of antiaircraft missile batteries

Change of an orientation and time distribution of combat training to various ways of preparation by means of introduction of simulators system in combat training practice

0 %

5 %

10 %

15 %

20 %

25 %

30 %

35 %

40 %

45 %1

2

3

45

6

7

Traditional form Combined form

Formation of skills of fighting

detachments with a simulator

Management in structure of

detachments in course of fighting activity with the

regular equipment

Management of structure of detachments with a

simulator

Management of structure of

batteries and regiment with

training- modelling means

Tactical-parade

exercises

Field practice and tactical exercises

Individual theoretical preparation