component 5/unit 5 health it workforce curriculum version 1/fall 2010 1 history of health...
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Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
Version 1/Fall 20101
History of Health Information Technology in
the U.S.
Unit 5Evolution of Nursing
Informatics and HIT Tools Used by Nursing
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
Version 1/Fall 20102
The Nursing Profession• 2.7 million nurses practice in the US
• Nation’s largest health care profession
• Nurses practice in virtually all healthcare settings:– Inpatient – Hospice– Outpatient – Public Health– Long term care – Emergency
American Nurses Association: Nursing’s Agenda for the Future, 2002
2
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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The Nursing Process• Assessment• Diagnosis• Outcomes / Planning• Implementation• Evaluation
• Each step supports:– Actual delivery of patient
care– Management of each
patient’s care
http://www.nursingworld.org/EspeciallyForYou/StudentNurses/Thenursingprocess.aspx
3
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How Nurses Spend Their Time?
Documentation
CareCoordination
Patient Care Activities
Medication Administration
Patient assessment & vital signs
Hendrich et al (2008) The Permanente Journal
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Nursing Informatics
Courtesy of UAB School of Nursing
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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• “Nursing Informatics is the specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science in identifying, collecting, processing, and managing data and information to support nursing practice, administration, education, research and the expansion of nursing knowledge”
1994
Definition
American Nurses
Association
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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• “Nursing Informatics is the specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice. NI facilitates the integration of data, information and knowledge to support patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings. This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and information technology”
2001
Definition
American Nurses
Association
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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• “Nursing Informatics is the specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice.”
2008
Definition
American Nurses
Association
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolution of Nursing Informatics
• Nurses have been involved in “informatics” since the 1960’s
• San Jose Hospital (1965): Nurses recorded their observation on a check list which is converted into punched cards for computer entry
(Collen, M.: A History of Medical Informatics 1950-1990)
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolution of Nursing Informatics
• Institute of Living in Hartford (1966): Nurses use machine readable pencil “bubble sheets” to document patient status
(Collen, M: A History of Medical Informatics 1950-1990)
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolution of Nursing Informatics
• 1974: Nursing research papers presented at an international medical informatics conference (MEDINFO)– Four research paper on NI from the U.K., one
from U.S. nurses adapting and implementing an information system at the NIH
Ozbolt and Saba (2008)
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolution of Nursing Informatics
• 1979: The Journal of Nursing Administration features a monthly column “automation in nursing”
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolution of Nursing Informatics
• 1980: The term “Nursing Informatics” originated by Scholes and Barber
• 1992: NI approved as a nursing specialty by American Nurses Association (ANA)
• 1995: ANA credentialing exam
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolution of Nursing Informatics
• According to Thompson (2005), three main shifts catalyzed NI:– Moving from centralized data storage to
decentralized data access– Moving from paper charts to electronic health
records– Moving from relying on memory to
continuously using information resources
“The Transforming Effect of Handheld Computers on Nursing Practice” Nurs Admin Q, 29(4)
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The shift from centralized data storage to decentralized data
access
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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The shift from paper charts to e-records
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Relying on memory to continuously using information
resources
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolving Role of the Nursing Informaticist
• Education and support of HIT users
• System implementations
• Workflow analysis
• Playing the role of “champion” and garnering buy-in
• Liaison between nursing and IT
• Ensure that the nursing perspective is represented in organizational HIT decisions
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Evolving Role of the Nursing Informaticist
• Leadership positions within healthcare organizations that go beyond IT– Patient safety– Change management– Quality improvement
Source: HIMSS 2009 Nursing Informatics Impact Survey
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Types of Nursing HIT Applications
• Automation of documentation– Nurse rounding tools
• Bar-coded Rx management
• Nurse staffing systems
• Telehealth
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Types of Nursing HIT Applications
• Automation of documentation– Nurse rounding tools
• Bar-coded Rx management
• Nurse staffing systems
• Telehealth
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Types of Nursing HIT Applications
• Automation of documentation– Nurse rounding tools
• Bar-coded Rx management
• Nurse staffing systems
• Telehealth
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Types of Nursing HIT Applications
23
• Automation of documentation– Nurse rounding tools
• Bar-coded Rx management
• Nurse staffing systems
• Telehealth
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
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Conclusion
• The nursing profession has a strong commitment to the specialty of nursing informatics
• Given their training and responsibilities, nurse Informaticists play key roles in organizational efforts to adopt health IT
• The demand for professional nurses with informatics backgrounds will likely continue to rise
Photo Credits
Component 5/Unit 5Health IT Workforce Curriculum
Version 1/Fall 201025
Slide # Photographer Source
3 PoramapornN Flickr.com
5 UAB School of Nursing
9 Rainer Gerhards Commons.wikimedia.org
10 Arnold Reinhold Commons.wikimedia.org
15 NASA; Johannes Hemmerlin Commons.wikimedia.org
16 US Navy; VIA Gallery Commons.wikimedia.org
17 Vincent J Brown; Neils van Eck Flickr.com
20 NASA Nasaimages.org
21 Sonitor Technologies Commons.wikimedia.org
23 Diane Byrne Flickr.com