composition and structure composed of tiny structural units cells cells around bound by a...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
NATURE OF LIFE
![Page 2: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
LIVING ORGANISMSComposition and structure
Composed of tiny structural units Cells
Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane
Cells are rigid due to outer structure Cell wall
Cells communicate with each other through microscopic tunnels Plasmodesmata
![Page 3: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
LIVING ORGANISMSComposition and structure
Cells contain soupy liquid Cytoplasm
Cells contain genetic material to control activities and development DNA
DNA is housed inside a special structure floating in cytoplasm Nucleus
![Page 4: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
LIVING ORGANISMSGrowth
Increase in mass
![Page 5: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
LIVING ORGANISMSReproduction
Offspring resembles parents
Genetic variations drive evolution Natural selection
Environment favors certain characteristics
![Page 6: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
LIVING ORGANISMSResponse to stimuli
Interaction with environment
Plants respond to injury Production of callose Seal wound
![Page 7: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LIVING ORGANISMSMetabolism
Biochemical reactions inside an organism Growth Repair damage Cell maintenance
Energy-releasing production (consumption) Respiration
Energy-production and storage process Photosynthesis
![Page 8: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
LIVING ORGANISMSMovement
Reactions to environment Leaves closing Cytoplasmic streaming inside cell Sunflowers turning
![Page 9: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ELEMENTS OF MATTER Stuff of the universe
Occupies space Mass Composed of elements
Atoms Subatomic particles
Quarks Gluons Higgs boson
![Page 10: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
LARGE HADRON COLLIDER (LHC)
![Page 11: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ATOM Nucleus contains two particles
Protons Positively charged particles
Neutrons No electrical charge
![Page 12: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ATOM Electrons
Negatively charge particles Orit the nucleus
Same amount of electrons as protons Atom has no charge
(neutral)
![Page 13: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ELEMENTS The number of protons and
neutrons determine the element Hydrogen (H)
1 proton Part of nearly all life
Carbon (C) 6 protons Skeleton of molecules
![Page 14: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
MOLECULES 2 or more atoms attached to each other
Molecule Random collisions of atoms Chemical reactions between atoms
![Page 15: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
MOLECULES Water
2 Hydrogen (H) 1 Oxygen (O)
Slight negative charge on one side, slight positive charge on other side Polar molecule
![Page 16: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MOLECULES Water molecules polarity is reason for
cohesion and adhesion Hydrogen bonding
Attraction to each other (cohesion) Surface tension
Attraction to other negatively charge particles (adhesion) fibers
![Page 17: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
BONDS Covalent bonds
Atoms share electron
Ionic bonds One atom donates an electron to another atom The result are ions
Positively or negatively charged atoms
![Page 18: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
BONDS Ion
Number of electron does not equal protons Atom is negatively or positively charged
Ionic bonds +ion attracted –ion
![Page 19: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
BONDS Hydrogen bonds
Weak attraction of polarity
![Page 20: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ACIDS AND BASES Acid solution
Surplus of hydrogen (H) ion (+)
Basic solution Surplus of hydroxyl (OH) ions
(-)
![Page 21: Composition and structure Composed of tiny structural units Cells Cells around bound by a semi-permeable living membrane Plasma membrane Cells](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bfc71a28abf838ca7eb1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PH SCALE 0 to 14
7 pH is neutral
<7 pH Acidic
>7 pH Basic