computer (four basic components)
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Computer
(Four Basic Components)
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CPU - Central Processing Unit Input Controllers Output Controllers Storage Media
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Central Processing Unit "Brain" of a computer
Is the hardware within a computer that carries out theinstructions of a computer program by performing thebasic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations ofthe system
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Memory ROM - Read Only Memory
RAM - Random Access Memory
Read Only Memory Form of Permanent Storage
Firmware
Translate computer's high-level programming
languages into machine languagess (Binary Codes) Memory storage is not erased even when the
compouter is turned off.
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Storage Media Devices
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Hard DriveIt is a data storage device used for storing andretrieving digital information using rapidly rotating
discs (platters) coated with magnetic material.
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Diskettes (Floppy disk)Is a disk storage medium composed of a disk of thinand flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in arectangular plastic carrier lined with fabric thatremoves dust particles
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CD-ROM(Compact Disc Read-only memory) Is a type of optical disk capable of storing large amounts of data
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USB Disk(Universal Serial Bus) Is a type of connector which allows the user to attachperipheral devices to his computer
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Input and OutputDevices
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Input Devices
The devices used to receive informationfrom the outside world
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Mouse A pointing device that functions by detecting two- dimensional motion relative to its
supporting surface
Examples:
Keyboard
The set of typewriter-like keys that enables you to enter data into a computer
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Nursing Workstations:
Touch Screen
Is an electronic visual display that the user can control through simple or multi-touchgestures by touching the screen with one or more fingers
Lightpen
A device that connects to your computer
It is the size of a regular writing pen and is used as a pointing device on your
screen
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Voice System
Scanner
Is a device that 'reads' or 'scans' an image and converts it to a digital format
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the devices used to report the results fromthe computer into the outside world.
can be in a form of text, data files, sound,
graphics, or signals to other devices
Output Devices
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Examples:
Monitor
Is an electronic visual display for computers
Printer
Is a peripheral which produces a representation of an electronic document
on physical media such as paper or transparency film
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Speaker
Are a pair of small loudspeakers that are designed to be held in place close to a
user's ears
Headphones
An electromechanical device which produces sound
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Projector
A device that projects an image on a surface
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Computer Power
Bits and Bytes refers to how the machine stores
information at the lowest level possible.
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Bits and Bytes
Bit - a unit data in a binary numbering system
Byte - made up of nine bits
* There are 255 different combinations of 0 and 1 in an 8- character unit.