Title of Presentation

Computer NetworksBTT 101 / 2O1Lesson 10Dundas Valley SecondaryMr. Young 9/15/2014 11:26 AM 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

1Connecting to the InternetTo connect to the Internet from home you need

A ComputerPCLaptopiPhoneetcA ModemDSLCableAn ISP

Ethernet CableWANLink9/15/2014 11:26 AM 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

2Connecting to Your ISPAn Internet Service Provider is a company that offers its customers access to the Internet through their own LAN. Customers connect to the ISP through a modem such as DSL, dial-up or cable .A Modem is a device that converts (modulate and demodulate) the Ethernet signal from your computer into the DSL or cable signal.

Ethernet TechnologyThe Wired NetworkEthernet is a technology for wired networks. Plug a Patch cable (or Ethernet cable) into the Ethernet NIC (Network Interface Card) on your computer and into the modem

Ethernet CableNetworkCard9/15/2014 11:26 AM 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

4Ethernet TechnologyIn networking, a protocol is a set of rules that govern communication.Ethernet is a protocol that defines the cabling and how the signals are sent. Gigabit Ethernet is the newest version with a bandwidth of about 1 Gbps.

A patch cable plugs into an RJ45 plug on the network card The Home NetworkIf you have more than one computer that needs to be connected to the Internet, then you need a network device called a router.

Each computer connects to the router with a patch cableThe router plugs into a modem, which linksto the ISP6The RouterA router is a network device that forwards packets from one network (LAN) to another using IP addresses. A LAN or Local Area Network is a type of computer network covering a small physical area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings, such as a school. Ethernet and WiFi are two common technologies for connecting computers in a LAN.

The LANThree LANs connected to a router and then to the Internet

The computersin each LANplug into a network switch.

The switch concentrates network connections.

This means that it brings network cables together at a central point. WiFiHome networks also use wireless technology or WiFiThe wireless version of Ethernet. WiFi stands for Wireless Fidelity imitating Hi-Fi for high fidelity" audio. The official standard is called IEEE 802.11 with improvements marked by letters802.11g is called Wireless-G 802.11n is called Wireless-N

Wireless Networks at HomeIn your home network, you can have both wired (Ethernet ) and wireless (WiFi) devicesMost desktop computers have an Ethernet card (NIC) Most laptops and netbooks have a wireless network card (and some also have Ethernet)

One type of wireless network card looks like a USB flash drive but it just connects the computerto a wireless network.Wireless RoutersSome routers have both Ethernet and WiFi

A Linksys wireless router

WANport4-portswitchWiFiantennaeNetwork CommunicationInformation like email and Webpages travel through your home network (a LAN) and over the Internet in packets.A packet is like an electronic envelope that contains your data.

Packets that are sent over the Internet are usually about 1500 bytes .

It takes many packets to send the average message.Network CommunicationThe packet contains the IP Address of both the destination and the source (the mailing address and the return address on a letter).

Source Address your address

Destination Address where it is goingInternet Protocol An Internet Protocol or IP Address is the address of a computer on a network. It is a 32-bit binary number. It is written in decimal numbers to make it easy to read and write. It has 4 numbers between 0 and 255 separated by dots. For example: 192.168.1.202Binary: 11000000101010000000000111001010Your IP AddressEvery computer on a TCP/IP network must have an IP addressTCP/IP is the name for the suite (group) of protocols that govern the InternetHTTP is one protocol in the TCP/IP suite HTTP is a protocol that governs WebpagesMany computers get an IP address automatically from a DHCP server At home your router serves IP addresses to computers on the LAN DHCPDynamic Host Configuration ProtocolA networking protocol used by computers on a network to get an IP Address. The computer (a DHCP host) sends a request over the LAN for an IP Address. A DHCP server (a router or server) assigns a temporary and unique IP Address to the host. This is called a Dynamic IP Address. If the user configures the IP Address themselves, this is called a Static IP Address. WANWhen several LANs are linked togetherthis is called a Wide Area Network or WAN

The Internet is a planet wide WAN.

Internet Backbone

The network backbone is the part of a network that connects the core points in a WAN. It usually has the highest-speed transmission paths in the network and may also run the longest distances. Smaller networks are attached to the backbone. BandwidthA signal sent over an Ethernet cable, for example, has a bandwidth of 100 Mbps (megabits per second). Gigabit Ethernet is 1000 Mbps or 1 GbpsBandwidth is the amount of data sent over a communication line, like a network cable. It is measured in bits per second or bps.

BandwidthBandwidth is easier to understand if you compare it to water flowing through pipes.With a bigger pipe more water canflow per minute. In electronic communication, the wires are not bigger but use different technologyto send data fasteracross different data pipelines or channels.

With a bigger pipeline more data can flow

The Internet