computers are your future tenth edition chapter 14: enterprise computing copyright © 2009 pearson...

Computers Are Your Future

Tenth Edition

Chapter 14: Enterprise Computing

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1

22

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,

mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallPublishing as Prentice Hall

What You Will Learn

Contrast enterprise and personal computing.

Define the term “business process” and briefly describe the flow of business processes within an organization.

Differentiate between centralized and distributed technology management.


What You Will Learn

Name the tools that are commonly used in enterprise computing.

Describe the various enterprise storage systems.

Explain electronic data interchange and the features that make it popular.


What You Will Learn

Discuss how enterprises use teleconferencing.

Describe telecommuting and workgroup computing.


Enterprise Computing


Enterprise Computing


Key Terms Enterprise: a company, business,

or organization Enterprise computing: related to

an enterprise’s use of information systems, technology, and computers

Personal computing: related to an individual’s use and control of computers

Business Processes & Activities

Business processes: Use information systems Have distinct output Provide links for information flow Add value at each link

Work performed Useful information generated



Information systems Can provide a competitive advantage,

an enhanced position over the competition

May be either internal or external to the enterprise

Internal: support functional units, such as accounting and manufacturing

External: support outside entities, such as customers and vendors


Enterprise Systems

Enterprise systems: Information systems that integrate

both the information and software applications throughout an organization

Supply a common user interface and central storage, resulting in the ability to share information


Enterprise Systems

Globalization Results from the

introduction of the Internet and World Wide Web

Is the conducting of business internationally


Enterprise Systems

Enterprise systems provide tools to simultaneously: Increase customer satisfaction Maintain profitability of an

organization


Enterprise Systems

An enterprise system is an information system and consists of: Data Hardware Software People ProceduresCopyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 14

Enterprise Systems

Additional components of an enterprise system may include: Network servers Database management systems Desktop computers Notebooks Handheld devices


Enterprise Systems

The management of an enterprise’s technology infrastructure is categorized as: Centralized Distributed


Enterprise Systems

Centralized structure: Standard technology solutions used

by all IT department responsible for

technology management Distributed structure:

Technology tools individualized Individuals manage technologyCopyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 17

Enterprise Systems

Business process reengineering (BPR) Restructuring internally to ensure that

the parts of the enterprise work as a unit rather than separately

Striving to create significant organizational changes and substantial cost savings through the use of information technology


Enterprise Systems

Business process management (BPM) Attempts to improve current processes

without restructuring Focus is on an individual part of the

enterprise instead of the enterprise as a whole


Enterprise Systems

The application of technology in an enterprise is an ongoing process.

The decision to keep the current status of technology and current marketplace needs in sync may require tradeoff decisions.


Enterprise Systems

Upgrading Maintenance Scalability Interoperability

Disaster recovery Workstation and

application additions

Network additions


Areas of daily concern relating to the management of an enterprise’s technology include:

Tools for Enterprise Computing

Enterprise resource planning (ERP): Software to manage enterprise tasks

Provides an individual software module for each task

Integrates modules into one computer system



Customer relationship management (CRM):

Software that follows the interactions between an enterprise and its customer

Assists in attempts to hold onto those customers



Sales force automation (SFA): Software that focuses on the automation of numerous enterprise functions



Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): Used to publish and share enterprise

financial information Works regardless of the computer

platform Software as a Service (SaaS):

Web-based software Used by enterprises that outsource a

portion of their information technology tasksCopyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice

Hall 26


Operational support systems (OSS): Software suite to assist the network

operations of an enterprise Enterprise application integration

(EAI): Highly complex tool that integrates two or

more enterprise systems Provides integration by combining

processes, hardware, software, and standards


Enterprise Storage Systems

Enterprise storage systems must: Be dependable Be rapid Be safe Include RAID (redundant array of

independent disks): Multiple hard drives hold the exact same data. Service interruption is prevented if any one

drive fails.



CD/DVD jukebox: An enterprise storage device made up of multiple DVD-ROM and CD-ROM drives for digital storage and network access

Network attached storage (NAS): A device that provides data to enterprise users via a network



Storage area network (SAN) Available on LAN or WAN High-capacity network of storage devices Keeps enterprise services available for

processing

Network attached storage (NAS) Provides data and file sharing Access provided via a network


Enterprise-Wide Technologies

Web portals Electronic data

interchange Intranets and

extranets Virtual private

networks

Computer-based and Web-based training

Teleconferencing Telecommuting Workgroup

computingCopyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 31

Enterprise-wide technologies used to gain a competitive advantage include:


Web portals Web sites that supply numerous online

services Examples: AOL, Yahoo!



Electronic data interchange (EDI) A popular method for sharing

information and doing business over networks, including the Internet

Consists of a set of standards that dictate how data and documents are transferred between enterprises



Intranet An internal enterprise network Can only be accessed by employees or

authorized individuals Extranet

A network that enables outside users to access an intranet through the Internet

Data transfer is encrypted



Virtual private networks (VPNs): Connect distributed

LANs through the Internet

Ensure security through the use of encryption and supplemental security features



Computer-based training (CBT) Convenient, affordable learning method Useful when multimedia, animation,

and programmed learning are used Web-based training (WBT)

Similar to computer-based training Training provided over the Internet or

an intranet



Teleconferencing Enables people to

conduct business by using computer and telecommunications equipment

Enhances enterprise communication

Often reduces costs



Telecommuting (teleworking) enables workers to be connected to the office while working from home through the use of a computer and telecommunications.



Workgroup computing Used by a group of employees to

communicate and collaborate Uses specific computer hardware,

software, and network equipment Groupware (teamware)

The software that supports workgroup information requirements


What You’ve Learned

Enterprise computing relates to an organization’s use of technology, information systems, and computers. Personal computing is the use of these technologies by individuals.

Business processes, similar to links in a chain, add value to an organization’s customers and have identifiable output.



The management of an enterprise’s technology infrastructure is categorized as either centralized or distributed.

Frequently used enterprise computing tools include enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), and sales force automation (SFA).



Other frequently used enterprise computing tools are Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL), Software as a Service (SaaS), Operational Support Systems (OSS), and Enterprise Application Integration (EAI).



Types of enterprise storage systems include RAID (redundant array of independent disks), CD/DVD jukeboxes, storage area networks (SANs), and network-attached storage (NAS).



The electronic data interchange (EDI) is a set of standards that assists companies in exchanging information and conducting business over the Internet and other networks.



Teleconferencing enables workers in different locations to communicate and conduct business using computers and telecommunications equipment.

Telecommuting is an arrangement in which employees work from home but are linked to the office.



Workgroup computing allows a group to work together on a task using specific technology and tools that enable them to connect, communicate, and collaborate.


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