computers are your future twelfth edition chapter 3: input/output and storage copyright © 2012...
TRANSCRIPT
Computers Are Your FutureTwelfth Edition
Chapter 3: Input/Output and Storage
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Input Devices: Giving Commands
• Inputo Data or instructions entered into a computer
• Input deviceo Hardware that gives users the ability to
enter data and instructions into RAMo Keyboard
• Most common input data entry
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Input Devices: Giving Commands
• Special keyboard keys:o Toggle keys—either on or offo Function keys—perform specific actions
depending on the program• F1 - Help
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Input Devices: Giving Commands
• Pointing deviceoMouse
• most popular pointing device
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Input Devices: Giving Commands
• Mice alternativeso Trackballo Pointing sticko Touchpad (also called a trackpad)o Click wheelo Joysticko Styluso Touch screen
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Input Devices: Giving Commands
• Alternative input deviceso Microphones for speech or voice recognitiono Scanner for optical character recognition (OCR)o Bar code reader
• UPC – Universal Product Codeo Optical mark reader (OMR)o Radio frequency identification (RFID reader)o Magnetic stripe card readero Biometric input deviceo Digital cameras and digital video cameraso Webcams
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses
• Output deviceso Users can see, hear, or feel the end
result of processing operationso Most popular output devices
• Monitors (also called displays)• Printers
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses
• Monitorso Display a temporary copy (soft copy) of
processed datao Measure screen diagonallyo Types of monitors include:
• Cathode-ray tube (CRT)—legacy technology
• Liquid crystal display (LCD) – flat panel
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses
• Resolutiono Refers to the sharpness of an imageo Number of pixels (picture elements) controls
the resolutiono Bit-mapped Image – matrix of pixelso Higher Resolution - clearer
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses
• Printerso Creates hard copy of outputo Types include:
• Inkjet• Laser• Dot-matrix• Thermal-transfer (sometimes called dye
sublimation printers)• Photo• Plotters
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses• Printers (con’t.)
o Inkjet (nonimpact)—popular with home users• Provide excellent images—made up of
small dots• Advantages:
o Inexpensiveo Generate professional color output
• Disadvantages:o Relatively slow
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses
• Printers (con’t.)o Laser (nonimpact)
• Use electrostatic reproductive technology to produce high-quality output
• Advantages:o High-resolution o Print faster than inkjet printers
• Disadvantageso Color laser printers more expensive
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses
• Printerso Thermal-transfer (dye sublimation
printers)• Use heat process• Advantages
o High-quality images from the high-quality thermal-wax printers
• Disadvantageso High-quality thermal printers expensive
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses
• Printers (con’t.)o Photo
• Uses special ink and paper
• Often are inkjet printers• Prints directly from a
digital camera or memory card
o Plotters • Produce images through
moving ink pens• Used for making
oversized prints (i.e., maps, charts, blueprints)
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Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses• Other output devices
include:o Speakerso LCD projectorso Multifunction devices
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
• Storageo Process of saving software and datao Also called secondary storageo Demand has increased for storage
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
• Storage deviceso Hardware that contains the tools to place
data on the recording mediao Recording media—hold data
• Hard disks• Floppy disks • Flash memory• CDs and DVDs
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
• Hard disk drive (hard drive)o Most important storage deviceo High-capacity, high-speed deviceo Platters – fixed rotating diskso Read write Head - records information
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
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Bad Sectors – damaged areas
Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
• CD drives and DVD drives o Optical storage devices o Use laser beams to store data through:
• Pits, the indentations, a binary 0• Lands, the flat reflective areas, a binary 1
• Optical discso CD-ROM or DVD-ROM (compact or digital
video disc read-only memory) o Data can be read, not alteredo Most popular, least expensive
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
o CD-R (CD-recordable)o CD-RW (CD-rewritable)o DVD+R (DVD
recordable; plus)o DVD-R (DVD recordable;
dash)
o DVD+RW (DVD rewritable; plus)
o DVD-RW (DVD rewritable; dash)
Optical Storage
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
oOptical Storage
• BD-ROM (Blu-ray Disc read only)• BD-R (BD recordable)• BD-RE (BDisc rewritable)
oHigh Definition videooLarge amounts of data
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
• Solid-state drive (SSD)o Storage devices that use solid-state circuitry;
have no moving partso Nonvolatile storage
• USB flash drives (memory stick, thumb drive, jump drive)oPopular removable storage devicesoReplace legacy technology of floppy disksoShould be removed only when not actively
in use
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
• Flash memory cards o Solid-state storage device o Used with MP3 players,
smartphones, digital cameras
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Storage: Holding Datafor Future Use
• Backupo Copy of programs, data, and information
created in one secondary storage medium duplicated to another
o Prevents permanent loss of programs, data, and information
o Keep on a regular schedule
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