COMPUTERS, LAPTOPS , SERVERS,EXPANSION SLOTS AND NETWORK INTERFACE CARDS

KUMAR ASHISH(TR)TANMAYANIKETNIKITAMANNI

COMPUTERS• A programmable electronic device that stores, retrieve and process data.• Access data(input) and processes it into useful information.• Also data is put into secondary storage for later use.• Processing of input into outputs is directed by the software but performed by the

hardware.• It understands only two states(OFF and ON – 0 and 1).

ORIGIN

• Abacus: first type of computing device.• Invented in 300 B.C. by babylonians.• Positions of beads represent numbers.

GENERATION OF COMPUTERSGENERATION YEAR PERIOD MAIN PROCESSING DEVICE ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

FIRST 1945-1956 Vacuum tubes First device to hold memory

Too bulkyMaintenance problems

SECOND 1956-1963 Transistor Fast Maintance problems

THIRD 1964-1971 IC Smaller in size Sophisticated

FOURTH 1971 IC’s with VLSI CompactLess power consumtion

No artificial intellince

FIFTH Present and beyond

IC’s with parallel processing Artificial intelligenceExpert system

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HARDWARE COMPONENTS IN A COMPUTER SYSTEM

• Input devices• Takes information from the user and convert it into electrical signals

and transmits it to the processor.• Output devices• Which takes data from computer and makes it user friendly• Processing devices• Components responsible for the processing of information within the

computer system.• Storage devices• Which allows data to be stored within a computer a system.• Communication devices• Provides connection between computer and communication networks.

Computer types• Clients desktops laptops thin clients• Servers tower server rack server blade server• Stand alone PC’s tablet PC’s PDA’s