concept development studies in chemistry 5.6
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Concept Development Studies in Chemistry
By:
John S. Hutchinson
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Concept Development Studies in Chemistry
By:
John S. Hutchinson
Online:< http://cnx.org/content/col10264/1.5/ >
C O N N E X I O N S
Rice University, Houston, Texas
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×
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2.28 : 1.14 : 0.57 = 2 : 1 : 0.5
= 4 : 2 : 1
N O
N O2
N O4 N O
N O2 N 2O N O
N 2O N 4O
N O N O N O
N O4 N O2 N O
N O2 N O N 2O
N O N 2O N 4O
2.66 : 1.33 = 2 : 1
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•
•
• •
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3.2 : 6.4 = 1 : 2
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N O N O2 N 2O
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+ →
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H 2 + Cl2
→ HCl
+ →
H 2 + O2 → H 2O
N 2 O2
N O
161.14 = 14
N O2
3214 = 2.28 : 1 N 2O
1628 = 0.57 : 1
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N 4 N 2O N 2O2
N 4O
N 2
O2 O2
0.875× 32 = 28
1.375× 32 = 44
CO CO2
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N
N N
16.012.0
N
16.012.0
N
x x12.0
x
x16.0
m
M
n
n = m
M
nC = 40.0g12.0 g
mol
= 3.33moles
nO = 53.3g16.0 g
mol
= 3.33moles
nH = 6.7g1.0 g
mol
= 6.67moles
nC : nO : nH = 1 : 1 : 2
COH 2
C 2O2H 4 C 3O3H 6 CO H 2
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C 2O2H 4
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0.737 gL
1.227 gL
2.948 gL
N 2
O2
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α
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10−4cm α
α
α
α
α
α
α
α
α
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α
α
α
α
α
α
α
α
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V (r) = ((Z ) e) (−e)
r
(Z ) e Z −e
r
A(g) → A+(g) + e−(g)
A
A+
e−
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r
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r
rshell = − ((Z ) e) (−e)
rshell
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IE1
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IE1
A(g) → A+(g) + e−(g)
IE2
A+(g) → A2+(g) + e−(g) IE3
A2+ → A3+(g) + e−(g)
IE1
IE2
IE3
IE4
IE5
IE6
IE7
IE2 IE1 IE3 IE2 IE2 IE1
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α
IE4 IE5
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λ
10−2 10−3 10−9 10−10 3.8× 10−7 7.8× 10−7
ν
c = 2.997× 108ms
λ (m) × ν s−1 = c ms
λ ν
H 2
ν = R ×
1
n2 − 1
m2
R 3.29 × 1015s−1 n m n m
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ν 0
ν 0
Φ
Φ ν I
ν 0
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KE ν I
E ∝ ν
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E = hν
h
n m
hν
E m E n
hν = E m − E n
E n = (−h) R 1n2
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hν ν
IE KE
hν = IE + KE
ν KE IE
n = 1
n = 1 n = 2
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n = 2
n = 2