concept of fuel cell -
TRANSCRIPT
MARINE FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY(APPLICATIONS)
PRESENTED BY: CHARU RATNA
OUTLINE
• Concept of Fuel Cell• Feasibility onboard - LMSR - MV GLUTRA• Technical innovations
CONCEPT OF FUEL CELL
TYPES OF FUEL CELLFUEL CELL TYPE OPERATING
TEMPERATUREELECTRICAL EFFICIENCY
SYSTEM OUTPUT
POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE (PEM)
50-100⁰C 53-58% <1KW-250KW
ALKALINE (AFC) 90-100⁰C 60% 10KW-100KW
PHOSPHORIC ACID (PAFC)
150-200⁰C >40% 50KW-150MW
MOLTEN CARBONATE (MCFC)
600-700⁰C
45-47%
<1KW-1MW
SOLID OXIDE (SOFC)
600-1000⁰C 34-43% <1KW-3MW
LOWTEMPERATURE
HIGHTEMPERATURE
ADVANTAGES• High efficiency• Reduction in emissions • Quiet operation• Fuel Flexibility
DISADVANTAGES• Power to weight ratio• Investment cost• Lifetime
FUEL CELL VS DIESEL
POSSIBLE FUELS
DIESEL• HFO• MDO
FUEL CELL• Natural Gas• Methane• Naptha• Hydrogen
COMPARATIVE FIGURES
OPTIONS FUEL CELL PLANT MARINE DIESEL GENERATOR
EFFICIENCY 45-55% >40%
POWER DENSITY (W/KG)
15
90
COST ANALYSIS ($/KW)
3000
1500
LMSR
MAJOR LOAD ON LMSR
PROPULSION 2X 24 MW UNDERWAY(AT ALL TIMES)
BOW THRUSTER 2X 1 MW UNDERWAY/ IN HARBOUR
CARGO HANDLING 5.2 MW AT PORT
AIR CONDITIONING 1.2 MW AT ALL TIMES
SOFC-GT HYBRID CYCLE
COMPARISON Hybrid SOFC-GT (proposed)
Diesel Mechanical (existing)
Power Level(MW) 4X5 + 4=24 12X2=24
Efficiency 60 45
Volumetric Power Density(W/L)
45 44
Gravimetric Power Density(W/KG)
79 59
Specific Air Flow(KG/MW) 6.9 7.1
COMBINED POWER AND STEAM GENERATION
SUMMER CONDITION WINTER CONDITION
UNDERWAY IN PORT ANCHOR UNDERWAY IN PORT ANCHOR
DIESEL(Kg/hr)
3355 2252 3877 5382 4776 5876
FUEL CELL(Kg/hr)
2946 1470 2946 4581 3073 4423
STEAM AND BOTTOMING PLANT
IPS POWER PLANT
• C-CompressorT-TurbineG-GeneratorM-Motor S-Steam PlantPC-Power ConvertorSB-Switch Board
FUEL CONSUMPTION(ORIGNAL V/S PROPOSED)
16 20 240
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
Fuel cell
diesel
SPEED(Knots)
FUEL
CO
NSU
MPT
ION
(Kg/
hr)
APPLICATION OF FUEL CELL ON MERCHANT VESSELS
“GLUTRA”
•DIESEL POWERED, NATURAL GAS FUELLED FERRY.•CAPACITY OF 100 CARS.•MAIN ENGINES ABOVE MAIN DECK.
SYSTEM INSTALLATIONFUEL CELL ADDITIONALFUEL STORAGE EXISTINGFUEL TRANSFER EXISTINGFUEL PROCESSING ADDITIONALREFUELING EXISTINGELECTRICAL STORAGE EXISTING
MAIN CONSIDERATIONS – FUEL CELL
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION
1.SAFETY2.EFFICIENCY3.COST4.IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL5.STARTUP AND RESPONSE TIME6.POWER SUPPLY RELIABILITY7.POWER DENSITY8.TECHNOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY
TYPES SUITABLE FOR MARINE USE
1. POLYMER EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FC2. PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELL3. SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF FC SYSTEM
•INDEPENDENT OF EXISTING SYSTEMS.• POWER OUTPUT TO MATCH NEEDS.• BACKUP.•WITHSTAND ALL WEATHERS.•NOT IN PARALLEL WITH GENERATOR.•SELF-SUFFICIENT.•LIFE OF FUEL CELL CONSIDERED.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FOR “GLUTRA”
•SIZE: 20Ft CONTAINER.•INSTALLED ABOVE MAIN DECK.•FUEL: NATURAL GAS.•NOMINAL POWER: 50-100kW •NORMAL POWER RANGE: 25-70kW.•ELECTRICAL POWER: 230V AC, 50Hz.
INSTALLATION ON “GLUTRA”.
PEMFC INSTALLATION ON “GLUTRA”
CONCLUSION
• SOFC & MCFC MOST LIKELY OPTIONS.• PEMFC ALSO COMPETING.• MAJOR ADVANTAGE: REDUCTION IN EMISSION.• A HYBRID GAS TURBINE/FC CYCLE.• BOILERS TO HYBRID FC/STEAM BOTTOMING CYCLE.• IPS REDUCES TOTAL INSTALLED POWER USING FC. • FUTURE INNOVATIONS TO INCREASE η.
THANK YOU
QUESTIONS?