concepts - pc soft windev · windev: main concepts 3 in what order should the guides be read?...
TRANSCRIPT
Concepts
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WinDev - ConceptsVersion 9 US - (1) 09-05
Visit the download center at www.windev.com to check for updates.
This documentation is not contractually binding. Modifications may have been made tothe software the since this guide was published. Please consult the online help.
All product names or other trademarks mentioned in this publication are registered trademarks of their respective owners. © PC SOFT 2005: This publication may not be reproduced in part or in whole in any form without the express permission of PC SOFT.
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In what order should the guides be read?
WinDev 9 is a powerful Windows application development tool. It provides all the toolsneeded to design and create applications.
To learn quickly and efficiently how to use WinDev 9, we advise you to work in thefollowing order:
1 Read the "Concepts". This guide presents the main concepts needed to create a high-powered WinDevapplication.
2 "Tutorial" (book + exercises)The Tutorial provides a first "hands-on" approach to WinDev, to familiarize yourselfwith the main WinDev editors.
3 Test the examplesTest the examples delivered with WinDev in the fields you are interested in(commercial management, scheduling, and so on.)
The online help lets you find the syntax of a W-Language function quickly, obtain help onthe interface, and so on.
Note: If there is a difference between the guide and the online help, follow the instructionsin the online help.
We hope you enjoy getting started with WINDEV.
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Table of contentsPart 1: Developing an applicationDevelopment environment 9Project and analysis 10Custom folders: Organizing your project 11MDI / non-MDI application 12Choosing a type of control according to the information to be displayed 13RAD 14Component 15Multi-product components 16Report 17UMC: User Macro-Code 18Multilanguage application 19Creating a Java application with WinDev 20
Part 2: DatabaseTypes of files that can be accessed 23Linking a control to its heading 24Classic Hyper File 25Client/Server Hyper File 26Queries 27Embedded queries 28
Part 3: CommunicationEmail management 31File transfer by FTP 32Socket management 34Stream management (videoconferencing) 36Telephony 37Web services 38
Part 4: Test and setupTests available 41Debugger 42Optimizing an application 43Application setup modes 44
Part 5: AppendixExamples supplied with WinDev 51
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Part 1 Developing an application
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Development environment
WinDev is a development environment for developing Windows applications on PC.
Windows PC
Client Computer
Using the WinDevapplication
SETUP
GORunning theapplicationtest
Creating the executable
Installing WinDev
Developing theapplication
Creating the setupprogram
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Project and analysis
A WinDev project is a set of windows, controls, classes, components, etc. for creating aWindows application.
A WinDev analysis contains the data file descriptions.
A project is usually associated with an analysis. An analysis can be associated with one or more projects.
To create the application "ihavelovelyeyes", create the project "ihavelovelyeyes".
Project 1
Project N
Project 2
Analysis
ClassesClasses
Classes
Stylesheet Style
sheet
Stylesheet
Pages andcontrols Pages and
controls
Pages andcontrols
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Custom folders: Organizing your projectThe WinDev project editor enables you to map the entire project. With large projects, browsing the representation produced by the project editor can bedelicate. The creation of "custom folders" makes browsing easier.
A "custom folder" contains the elements you put in it, part of the application, for example:customer management, supplier management, ...Elements can be common to several "custom folders". This makes it easier to work on part of the application.
Content of the developer custom folder
Content of the order custom folder
Windows, reports, queries relating to orders
Windows, reports, queries relating to developers
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MDI / non-MDI application
Two types of applications can be created in Windows: - MDI applications- non-MDI applications
MDI applicationsAll the windows of an MDI application are displayed in the same main window. Thewindows of MDI applications can therefore be of two types:
Non-MDI applicationsThe windows of a non-MDI application are displayed one after another in a stack. You canhandle only the last window displayed. The previous windows are not accessible.
MDI parent window: All the other windowsof the application are displayed in it. Thisis where you handle the main name of theapplication.
MDI child window: Window of theapplication displayed in the parentwindow. These is where you can enterinformation.
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Choosing a type of control according to the information to displayWinDev offers a number of different controls:
If you want ... The type of control touse is:
To display text, a title, etc. Static
To select a value from a list (country, city, etc.) Radio button, Combo box, List box
To select several values from a list (message recipients,etc.)
Check box, List box
To display a graphic image (photo, statistics chart, linechart, etc.)
Image
Display an animation (animated Gif) Image
Display the content of a file in a table (customer list, orderdetails, etc.)
Browsing table, memory table
Display a regularly refreshed image Web camera
Enter information Edit control
Display ranked information (directory content, etc.) TreeView
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RADRAD (Rapid Application Development) can be used to create windows: - from the analysis linked to the project- from standard RAD patterns- from custom RAD patterns- from templates.
Analysis TemplateRAD pattern
RADFull application RAD
Window RAD
Example of window generated by RAD
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ComponentA component is a set of WinDev elements: windows, reports, analysis, etc. that performsa specific feature, for example:
- Send faxes- Send emails
...A WinDev component can be distributed to other WinDev developers (free of charge ornot). They can then simply include the features offered by the component in theirapplication. The component will be included in the application and distributed with it.
WinDev Project
WinDev project
.WDK file
Componentdevelopment
Import the component into WinDev projects
Use the component
Component generation
WinDev project
Use the component
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Multi-product componentsWith WinDev, WebDev and WinDev Mobile, you can create multi-product components.These can contain windows, pages, etc. and be used in WinDev, WebDev or WinDevMobile projects.
This is how they work:
The projects linked to the WinDev project are defined in the "Multi-product" tab of the"Project .. Project description" option.
Component creation- Selection of elements- Choice of target products(WinDev, WebDev, etc.)
WebDevproject
Project linked to the master WinDev project
WinDev Mobile project
Project linked tothe master WinDevproject
WinDevprojectMaster project
HTML pages to include into the component
Window to include into the component
WDK and WDI filesUsable in the projects of thetarget products
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ReportA report gives a custom view of information: data entered in the database, data in a textfile, data from a table control, etc.
A report can be displayed on screen, saved to an HTML file, printed directly, etc.
A report can be used to summarize and synthesize data. You can:- group data. - sort data on a criterion. - perform calculations, produce averages, statistics or even charts.
The diagram below shows a simplified definition of a report:- data to print comes from a data source (file described in an analysis, Hyper File view,
query, memory zone or text file). - the report groups, sorts and formats data.- the report can be displayed on screen, saved in an HTM or RTF file, or printed.
Txt
Rep
ort
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Txt
XLS
Table
Memoryzone
Query
Text file
Data
HTML, XML files
XLS, PDF files
Text files
Report
Printout on printer P
rint m
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UMC: User Macro-Code
UMC mode allows the end-user to enter W-Language code and include it into an existingapplication.
Let’s look at the following case: An edit window of a customer form requires the presence of an email address but doesnot check its format. You want to check at least the presence of the "@" character in theaddress.
To activate this feature, when creating the executable simply indicate that it accepts UMCmanagement.
An icon at the top of the window lets youcustomize the processes.
The UMC configuration window appears. Youcan add a new action for this window. In thiscase, you add email address checking.
You enter the W-Language code. To access theW-Language help, press F1.
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Multilingual applicationA multilingual application is an application that can be distributed in several languages.WinDev takes into account the different languages of the application at all stages ofapplication development.
The main steps in developing a multilingual application are:
Choice of languages- Project- Analysis
Translation- Window- Code- Report
Direct translation in the interface
Extraction of messages for translation (WDMSG, WDINT)
Programming
- Choice of language for the application (Nation function)- Choice of charset, if necessary (ChangeCharset function)- Choice of keyboard language (ChangeKeyboard function)
Data files- Choice of charset, if necessary (ChangeCharset function)- Use of charset during file creation (HCreation, HCreationIfNotFound)- Use of charset during reindexing (HIndex)
ExecutableSelection of languages to include in the library
Setup programSelection of languages to include in the library
Translation of setupprogram, if necessary
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Creating a Java application with WinDevThe steps in creating a Java application with WinDev are:
Java
Java
Analysis
JAVA RAD
Windows
W-LanguageCompatible functions only
- Creation of the Java files - Automatic compile (Sun SDK, version 1.4.2 or later if necessary)
Redistributable Java application(.JAR file)
Creation of Java archive
Sets of procedures
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Part 2 Database
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Types of files that can be accessedWinDev, WebDev and WinDev Mobile offer simple access to the most common databases.
UDC: Universal Data Connector (HReadSeek, HExecuteQuery, File, Item, Automatic filelink, SQLExec, ...)
Progress
AS/400
XML
MySQL
Sybase
Informix
DB2SQL Server
Oracle
Classic
Mobile
ODBCOLE DB
Windows
Linux
Client / Server
NativeHyper File
UDC
Native access
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Linking a control to its itemTo display information from a database in a window, you have to link the window controlsto the database items. It is very easy to display and retrieve information: - You define the link between a control and an item in the Window Editor when you
describe the control ("File" tab). - The ScreenToFile function is used to update the record with the data displayed on
screen. - The FileToScreen function is used to update the data displayed on screen with the
information saved in the file.
FileToScreen
ScreenToFile
Database
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Hyper File ClassicA WinDev Hyper File application can operate in multiuser or client/server mode.
The characteristics of multiuser mode are: - A multiuser Hyper File application is run on different user workstations. - The data files are located in a directory accessible to user workstations. Each user
workstation physically accesses the data files. - The processes (query, read/add operations in file, ...) are performed on each user
workstation.
User 3
WinDevApplication
MultiuserHyper File databases
(shared directory)
User n
WinDevApplication
User 1
WinDevApplication
User 2
WinDevApplication
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Hyper File Client/ServerA WinDev Hyper File application can operate in multiuser or in client/server mode.
The characteristics of client/server mode are: - A client/server Hyper File application is run on different user workstations (called client
computers). - The data files are located on a server. Only the server physically accesses the data
files. - All processes (query, read/add operations in file, etc.) are performed on the server.
Client Computer 1
WinDevApplication
Client Computer 2
WinDevApplication
Client Computer n
WinDevApplication
Windows or LinuxHyper File server
Manta Server
Client/ServerHyper FileDatabases
Connection type: Network,USB, Wi-Fi,Internet...
TCP/IP Protocol
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QueriesQueries are used to interrogate a database to view, insert, modify or delete data. Thestructure of the query defines the data used.A query can interrogate one or more files.Queries can be created very simply with the Query Editor, without programming.
The query result is used in the sameway as a file
Data from one or more files(Hyper File, Oracle, etc.)
Window and controls of a window ("Content" tab)
Reports
Programming (used in W-Language functions)
Queries
Query
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Embedded queriesWindow controls can be linked to a data file, an existing query, etc. They can also be linkedto a query created when the control is designed.
In this case, the query is embedded in the window and is in the appropriate WDW file. Ifthe WDW file is transmitted, the embedded queries used by the window are also supplied.
Embedded query: MyWindow_2$Query
Embedded query: MyWindow_1$Query
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Part 3 Communication
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Email managementWinDev uses two methods for managing emails:- the POP3 / SMTP protocols (most common) which are email management protocols
supported by all Internet Service Providers. They enable you to dialog directly with theserver your ISP makes available.
- Simple Mail API (also called SMAPI or Simple MAPI): this email management methodis used by most Microsoft applications, especially Microsoft Exchange.
Email Server(Host)
POP3 Service SMTP Service
Local computer (User)
POP3 ProtocolReceiving emails
SMTP ProtocolSending emails
RemoteAccess
WinDevApplication
Emails Server(Host)
User Profile
Local Computer (User)
Simple MAPIWinDev
Application POP3 Service SMTP Service
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File transfer by FTPThe FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol for transferring files between sites via TCP/IP or the internet.
How it worksTo use files from a WinDev application on an FTP server:
1. Connect to an FTP server (FTPConnect function).
2. Send and retrieve files (depending on the connection mode used). In case of passiveconnection, the WinDev application must request authorization from the FTP serverwhenever it needs to use files on the server. You can also: - obtain the characteristics of files on an FTP server: attributes, size, etc.- handle files on an FTP server: create, delete, etc.- list the files in a directory on an FTP server by executing a procedure that runs a
process for each file found.
3. Close the connection to the server (FTPDisconnect function).
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FTP Server
FTP Server
FTP Server
1 Connection
FTP Account
Anonymous
FTP ServerUser Workstation
ConnectionWinDev application
3 Disconnection
User Workstation
WinDev application
Disconnection
2 Communication
User WorkstationAuthorization request
WinDev application
Validation
Action
Passive Connection (necessary with a FireWall on the FTP Server)A
User Workstation
WinDev application
Action
Active ConnectionB
1
2
3
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Socket managementWinDev provides advanced socket management functions. A socket is a communication resource used by applications to communicate betweencomputers without worrying about the type of network. It can be used, for example, to communicate between workstations connected by theInternet.
The optionsWinDev applications can handle sockets in different modes:
- WinDev Client application: the application connects to any type of server andexchanges data via a socket.
- WinDev "Simplified Server" application: the WinDev application is a server thatexchanges information via a socket with a single client workstation (WinDev socketadvisable but not mandatory on the client workstation)
- WinDev "Standard Server" application: the WinDev application is a server thatexchanges information via sockets with several client workstations of any type.
Client applicationA client application of a socket server connects to any type of server to exchangeinformation via a socket.
Example: A WinDev client application can connect to a standard Internet news server.
Step 1: Connection to the serverTo connect to a server socket, use SocketConnect. This function is used to requestconnection to the server. The socket is identified by its port and its address.
Step 2: Data exchangeOnce both workstations have connected their socket, a communication flow is establishedbetween them and they can read and write character strings via the socket. To read and write via the server socket, the WinDev client application must use theSocketRead and SocketWrite functions.
Step 3: Stopping the communicationTo stop the communication, close the socket on the client workstation with theSocketClose function. The steps can be represented as follows:
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Client workstation
Client workstation
Server
Server
SocketRead
SocketWrite
Connection
Client workstation
SocketConnect
Read, Write
Server
SocketClose
Disconnection
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Stream management (videoconferencing)To handle communication streams, WinDev provides:- the Conference control- W-Language STREAM functions.
This enables two users to communicate with one another. The image and voice of eachuser are transmitted in real time on both connected workstations.
Examples of applications using streams:- videoconferencing,- direct retransmission of a press conference,- and so on.
Please note:
- The current workstation and the connected workstation(s) must be equipped with aweb camera and/or microphone. If one of the workstations does not have a webcamera or a microphone, the corresponding image or voice will not be transmitted.
- You can only view the video sequences currently transmitted by the web camerasinstalled on the connected workstations. You cannot view video files.
- You can only listen to the sounds currently transmitted by the microphones installedon the connected workstations. You cannot to listen to sound files.
WinDev application with one or more
conferencing controls
Microphone
Web camera
Sound and video transmission
Client Workstation
Client Workstation
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TelephonyThe W-Language telephony functions in WinDev make incoming and outgoing phone callssimple to handle. They include functions to handle a voice mailbox, an answeringmachine, etc. directly in a WinDev application.
Configuration required: To use the telephony features, you need: - a modem.
To save and play back recordings, the modem must support vocals. To identify the caller, the modem must support Caller ID.
- the Tapi 2.0 protocol. This technology can be used on all systems, but you need: - at least Service Pack 4 installed if the OS is Windows NT4 - to update your system if it is Windows 95 (update available from ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/tapi/tapi2195.zip). Address valid at the time of publication.
Client workstationwith modem
WinDev application
- Call detection- Identification of the calling number
Automatic dialing
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Web servicesWinDev has two ways to manage Web Services: - Use of existing Web Services- Generation of a Web Service
Using a WEB ServiceYour WinDev application can use an existing Web Service. You just need to know itsaddress and import its description into the application.
Generating a WEB ServiceA WinDev application can be a Web Service itself. In this case, the WinDev applicationrepresents a set of procedures. This Web service can be used by any type of application.You just need to install it on a server.
WEB server
Web Service
Importing the service description
Development workstation
WinDev executable
Using the Web Service
WEB server
Web Service
Development workstation
Generating the Web Service and installing iton server
- WinDev Framework- DLLs specific to the WEB server used
Standard application Using of the Web
Service
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Part 4 Test and setup
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Available testsWinDev has several ways to test an application. The table below presents the differentmodes.
Type of test Description
Test of entire project Simulates the running of the application by theexecutable. Allows you to test the entire application,even if its development is not complete. As soon as a problem appears when running theproject, you can start the debugger to identify andsolve it.
Test of current element To test the operation of the element as soon as itsdevelopment is complete. The debugger can be run immediately when aproblem occurs in reports or windows.
Step-by-step project test To run the debugger when the application starts.Enables you to monitor the application flow in detail.
Regression test To test the regression of an element betweendifferent versions of an application. Just select (or create) a test scenario to run.
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DebuggerA debugger is supplied with the standard WinDev package to allow you to debug yourcode. The debugger lets you run your applications step by step and view executed W-Languagecode, variable contents, and so on.
To run the debugger, use:
- either a breakpoint set directly in the code editor: the debugger will be automaticallyrun when the line with the breakpoint in front of it is executed. To set a breakpoint, click beside the code line: a red bullet appears.
- or the W-Language server keyword Stop in your W-Language code: the debugger willbe automatically run when the code line is executed.
- or the "Project .. Test Mode .. Trace Project" option: the debugger will be run at thesame time as the test of the dynamic site.
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Optimizing an applicationWinDev has two ways to optimize applications: - Aided application development: code or interface improvements are suggested during
the development of the application.- The profiler: lets you rapidly view the most time-consuming processes. You then simply
optimize the required process.
Application development
Application test
Optimize your queries, improve anchoring in your windows, etc. Such suggestions are made regularly as you develop your applications.
Profiler output on the application during a test, view of the longest processes to optimize code immediately.
To run the profiler, use the "Project .. Profiler" option.
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Application setup modes
Traditional setupThis involves creating a setup program that will be installed on each client workstation bya setup medium.
Development workstation
Client workstation
Creating the executable
Creating the setup program Setup medium
(CD-ROM, USB key, etc.)
Setup
Using the application
Client workstation N
Setup
Using the application
Setup medium (CD-ROM,USB key, etc.)
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Multiuser setupThis involves creating a setup program that will be installed on a server workstation. Allclient workstations wishing to install the application will run the setup program via thenetwork.
If an update is available on the application server, you will be asked whether you want toupdate the application on your computer.
Development workstation
User workstation
Creating the executable
Creating the setup program
Using the application
User Workstation N
Using the application
Application server
Setup medium
Setup
Setup via network
Setup via network
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Install IP
This involves creating a setup program that will be installed on a Web Server. All client workstations wishing to install the application will run the setup program via anIP address, HTML page, etc.
If an update is available on the WEB server, you will be asked whether you want to updatethe application on your computer.
Development workstation
User workstation
Creating the executable
Creating the setup program
Using the application
User workstation N
Using the application
WEB server
Setup medium
Setup
Setup via internet
Setup via internet
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FrameworkThe WinDev Framework is the set of libraries (.DLL files) required for a WinDev applicationto operate. When you create the executable, you can choose to use either the Framework specific toyour application or the common Framework.
Directory of common WinDev Framework
Setup directory of an application using the common WinDev Framework. Only theexecutable is installed in this directory (and, if necessary, the files for uninstalling theapplication).
Setup directory of an application using the custom Framework. The PC SOFT DLLs areinstalled in the application directory.
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Part 5 Appendix
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Examples supplied with WinDevThe examples supplied with WinDev describe the different features of WinDev in didactic form.Their source code is commented in detailsThey are located in the "Examples" subdirectory of the WinDev setup directory and can be openeddirectly from the Kouglof ("Wizard Catalog" tab, "Examples" button).
Different types of examples are supplied with WinDev:•Complete examples: these correspond to complete applications and can be used without
adaptation. •Teaching examples: these illustrate a specific feature.
Below are the features of a few examples supplied with WinDev.
Complete examples
Teaching examples
WD Live Messenging Presents the functions of socket management inWinDev.
WD POP3 To send and receive emails (with or withoutattachments, etc.).
WD Search on Internet To run internet search engines (Yahoo, Alta Vista, Voilà,Lycos, Excite, Nomade, Google, Euroseek, etc.).The search result is displayed using an ActiveX.
WD File Synchronization To synchronize two file directories. After synchronization, the destination directory isidentical to the source directory. The comparison isbased on the presence and date of the files.
WD FTP File Transfer To transfer files:- from an FTP server to the local workstation,- from the local workstation an FTP server.
WD Alarm Displays an alarm message in the title bar of the activewindow (regardless of the application). The messagecan be accompanied by an audible alarm.
WD Dynamic Compilation Presents:- Dynamic compiling of W-Language code- Running dynamically compiled code- Processing of run-time errors
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WD Input Check Checks the data entered by the user (name, company,zip code, city, email address, etc.) in a form window.
WD Draw Shows parts of a scanned document or annotatesimages, using the W-Language draw functions.
WD Drag and Drop Windows Offers an image catalog. Images can be added by dragand drop from Windows Explorer.
WD Advanced Reports Presents different types of reports.Illustrates:- internal reports - the chart control - printing to a RTF, HTML or PDF file
WD HTML Export Manages external files. Also presents the use of HTMLfiles.
WD Text Files Manages external files (creation, deletion andmodification of file contents).
WD HTML Page Import Saves an HTML page from a website. The page isanalyzed and all its dependencies (images, applets,etc.) are also imported.Remark: This is not an offline browser. The pages canonly be downloaded one at a time.The principle used in the example can also be used toretrieve information from pages whose format isknown (for example, daily retrieval of stock exchangequotations).
WD Number in Words To convert a numeric value into letters.The conversion is then displayed in a "Check-letter"report.
WD Excel Control To control Excel via OLE Automation. All Excelfunctions are available.
WD Search on CompositeKeys
Presents the use of filters and composite keys tooptimize search times for Hyper File data files.
WD Grouping Task List To group together all the tasks of several projects.
WD Queries To perform calculations, pass parameters or print theresult of a SQL query in a Hyper File data file.
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Further examples will be available from our website (www.windev.com).
WD Tables and Combo Boxes To select a product in a combo box and display theinformation about it in a table. The description of each product is in RTF format and isillustrated with an image.
WD TreeView Presents the use and management of TreeViewcontrols.
WD Using Aliases To handle the same physical data file through severalaliases.
WD Using Sockets Presents the use of sockets in client/server mode.Each socket is handled via a thread.
WD Clickable Area Manages click areas on non-rectangular shapes. When the map is clicked, the selected area isdisplayed at the bottom of the screen.
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