condensed rotational separation for co2 capture in...

Condensed Rotational Separation for CO2 capture in coal gasification processes

Bert BrouwersErik van [email protected]; www.tue.nl/ptc

Eccria8 Dresden, May 2010

Contents

1 Basic Principle of Condensed Rotational Separation2 Thermodynamics and Process Schemes3 RPS Performance, Designs and Applications4 Application in Coal Combustion5 Status and Conclusions

/ mechanical engineering PAGE 112-5-2010

1 Basic Principle of Condensed Rotational Separation in coal gasification

/ mechanical

engineering PAGE 212-5-2010

J.J.H. Brouwers, R.J.E. van Wissen, M. Golombok, Novel centrifugal process removes gas contaminants, Oil & Gas Journal, 104(42), 37, (2006)G.P. Willems, M. Golombok, G. Tesselaar, J.J.H. Brouwers, Condensed rotational separation of CO2 from natural gas, AIChE

Journal, 56(1), 156, (2010)G.P. Willems, J.P. Kroes, M. Golombok, B.P.M. van Esch, H.P. van Kemenade, J.J.H. Brouwers, Performance of a novel rotating gas-liquid separator, J. Fluids Eng. (2010)R.J.E. van Wissen, J.J.H. Brouwers, M. Golombok, In-line centrifugal separation of dispersed phases, AIChE

Journal, 53(2), 374-380, (2007)

1

Cooling of syngas, leaving the coal gasifier, to -54oC. Hereby, part of the CO2

condenses into droplets with an expected diameter range of 1 to

10μm.

2

Separation of CO2

droplets from the syngas

stream with a Rotational Phase Separator (RPS) which is designed to separate these droplets with `99% efficiency.

3 Pressuring of the liquid CO2

to the required sequestration pressure (110 bar). Furthermore the CO2

is heated up to the supercritical regime which is required for sequestration.

The Condensed Rotational Separation process for separating CO2 and H2 after shift can roughly be envisioned by three sequential process steps:

1 Basic Principle of Condensed Rotational Separation


Two-phase region: gas: H2

richliquid: CO2

rich basis for separation

Problem:

liquid is a mist of micron-sized dropletsSolution:

Rotational Particle Separatornew device for separating micron-sized droplets from gases:compact unit, low energy consumption, dp50%

~1 micron



Example of mist formation: fog due to expansion cooling behind windmills at sea.

C.J.J.M. de Best, H.P. van Kemenade, T. Brunner, I. Obernberger,

Particulate Emission Reduction in Small-Scale Biomass Combustion Plants by a Condensing Heat Exchanger, Energy and Fuels, 22(1), 587–597, (2008)T. Austrheim, Experimental Characterization of High-Pressure Natural Gas Scrubbers, PhD thesis University of Bergen (2006) , http://tinyurl.com/y3fmw5yG.P. Willems, M. Golombok, G. Tesselaar, J.J.H. Brouwers, Condensed rotational separation of CO2 from natural gas, AIChE Journal, 56(1), 156, (2010)

http://tinyurl.com/y3fmw5y



The pressure of the syngas determines the CO2

condensation fraction.

2 Thermo Dynamics and Process Schemes


Condensed Rotational Separation flowsheet with heat integration


/ mechanical


CRS as bulk separator before

the absorbtion

process


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Thermodynamically

liquefaction

by

cooling

and compression

are equivalent !

All processes

require

the same

energy

to bring the CO2 from

gasifier

pressure

to 110 bar

Energy costs

in kJtherm

per kg CO2 captured CRS

ABS

CRS+ABS

Solvent regeneration

- 300

100

Auxiliary

(pumps pressure

losses)

50

50

70

Total

50

350

170

CRS

ABS

CRS+ABSCO2

capture

efficiency

80 %

95 %

95 %Equipment

size

0.25

1

0.5

3 RPS Performance, Designs and Applications

/ mechanical


Coagulation element

J.J.H. Brouwers, Rotational Particle Separator: A New Method for

Separating Fine Particles and Mists from Gases, Chem. Eng. Techn., 19, 1-10, (1996)J.J.H. Brouwers, Particle Collection Efficiency of the Rotational Particle Separator, Powder Techn., 92(5), 89-99, (1997)J.J.H. Brouwers, Secondary Flows and Particle Centrifugation in Slightly Tilted Rotating Pipes, Appl. Sci. Res., 55, 95-105, (1995)


/ mechanical


RPS designs


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Efficiency of the Rotating Particle Separator

1 G.P. Willems, J.P. Kroes, M. Golombok, B.P.M. van Esch, H.P. van Kemenade, J.J.H. Brouwers, Performance of a novel rotating gas-liquid separator, , J. Fluids Eng (2010)2 J.J.H. Brouwers, Phase Separation in Centrifugal Fields with Emphasis on the Rotational Separator, Exp.Thermal

and Fluid Science, 26, 325-334, (2002)3 E. Mondt, H.P. van Kemenade, R. Schook, Operating performance of a naturally driven Rotational Particle Separator, Chem. Eng. Techn., 29(3), 375-383, (2006)

[1]

[2]

[3]


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Rotational particle separator designJ.J.H. Brouwers, H.P. van Kemenade, Condensed Rotational Separation to upgrade sour gas, in Sour Oil & Gas Advanced Technology 2010; Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 173-187, (2010), http://tinyurl.com/ptcsogat

5 Other Applications

/ mechanical


Sour Gas fields

Condensed

Rotational

Separation

with

regeneration

loop


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Sour Gas fields

conceptual design of a 100 MMscf/day installation (on scale)

Lindedesign


/ mechanical


Coal Combustion

combustor CRS

CO2

liquid

80-90% CO2

recovery

N2

/CO2enriched

(MTR)

N2

/CO2enriched(Vattenfall)

6 Status and Conclusions

/ mechanical


Conclusions:

RPS: capability

of collecting

micron-sized

droplets

in compact apparatus

with

low energy

consumption

Phase

change

+ RPS: new

process

designs for

gas/gas separation

Status: Key

elements

demonstrated

at lab scale

and semi-industrial

scale

Next

step: field tests.

condensed rotational separation for co2 capture in...

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