Conditional

Lesson 33Lesson 33

Including the repetiton of Including the repetiton of Unreal conditionalUnreal conditional

RepetitonRepetiton

I. Unreal Conditional:I. Unreal Conditional:

When the condition is opposite to realityWhen the condition is opposite to reality

A opposite to A opposite to presentpresent reality reality

B opposite to past realityB opposite to past reality

C opposite the future realityC opposite the future reality

D complicated form D complicated form

Opposite to the present realityOpposite to the present reality

Main clauseMain clause

Would / should / Would / should /

could /might could /might

+ to do+ to do

Conditional clauseConditional clause

diddid

werewere

He would/ could/ might visit us if he He would/ could/ might visit us if he were/was in town. were/was in town.

He would/could make good grades if he He would/could make good grades if he didn’t get nervous. didn’t get nervous.

Opposite to past realityOpposite to past reality

Main clauseMain clause

Would / should /Would / should /

Could/ might + to have Could/ might + to have donedone

Conditional clauseConditional clause

Had +doneHad +done

We would/could/might have called you if we We would/could/might have called you if we had known your telephone number. had known your telephone number.

A: Why didn’t you pay Tom?A: Why didn’t you pay Tom?

B: You didn’t tell me to. If you’d told me to, B: You didn’t tell me to. If you’d told me to, I’d have paid him of course. I’d have paid him of course.

The mixing of A and BThe mixing of A and B

if writing had never been invented, we would have had no books.

If writing had never been invented, we would have no books.

If we were on holiday now, we’d be having a wonderful time.

Exercise Exercise

1. I never _____ (get) here in time if you 1. I never _____ (get) here in time if you hadn’t given me a lift in your car. hadn’t given me a lift in your car.

2. If he’d taken his doctor’s advise he still 2. If he’d taken his doctor’s advise he still ___ be alive. ___ be alive.

3 If I ____ (have) a car, I’d have lent it to her 3 If I ____ (have) a car, I’d have lent it to her yesterday. yesterday.

2 Real Condition

Speakers take the condition as reality, or just put forth condition and do not give any subject supposition.

Typical form of the real conditionalTypical form of the real conditional

Main clauseMain clause

Will/ shall+ doWill/ shall+ do

Conditional clauseConditional clause

Do/doesDo/does

If it’s ready he’ll bring it tomorrow. If it’s ready he’ll bring it tomorrow.

What are you going to do if it rains?What are you going to do if it rains?

If I see herIf I see her

If I can find herIf I can find her

If I must I’ll give her your message. If I must I’ll give her your message.

If you want me to If you want me to

Some differences in useSome differences in use

1) (a) if it rains, I’ll go by car. 1) (a) if it rains, I’ll go by car. (b) If it rains, I go by car. (b) If it rains, I go by car. 2) (a) If you take a seat, you won’t become tired. 2) (a) If you take a seat, you won’t become tired. (b) If you will take a seat, he’ll see you in a (b) If you will take a seat, he’ll see you in a

minute. minute. (c) If you would kindly wait a moment, I’ll see (c) If you would kindly wait a moment, I’ll see

what I can do. what I can do.

2) (a) If you 2) (a) If you take take a seat, you a seat, you won’twon’t become become tired. tired.

(b) If you (b) If you will takewill take a seat, he a seat, he’ll ’ll see you in a see you in a minute. minute.

(c) If you (c) If you would would kindly wait a moment, Ikindly wait a moment, I’ll ’ll see what I can do. see what I can do.

3) (a) If you 3) (a) If you wouldwould try Italian food, you try Italian food, you wouldwould like it. like it.

(b) If Beth (b) If Beth shouldshould learn to type well, her learn to type well, her parents would buy her a typewriter. parents would buy her a typewriter.

ExcerciseExcercise

Put the verbs in brackets inot a correct Put the verbs in brackets inot a correct form to make a real conditional. form to make a real conditional.

1 if you add six and three, you ____ (get) 1 if you add six and three, you ____ (get) nine. nine.

2 She’ll lose weight if she ____ (go) on a 2 She’ll lose weight if she ____ (go) on a diet. diet.

3 If he’s poor, at least he ____ (be) 3 If he’s poor, at least he ____ (be) honest. honest.

Some additional pointsSome additional points

1) Some words that can replace if:1) Some words that can replace if:

Unless, provided (that); providing (that); as Unless, provided (that); providing (that); as long as; on (the) condition that; for fear long as; on (the) condition that; for fear (that)/lest; in case. (that)/lest; in case.

I’ll lend you the money on condition that you I’ll lend you the money on condition that you return it within six months. return it within six months.

2) Some structure that can replace the conditional clause

Take these pills, in case you feel ill on the boat. Take these pills, in case you feel ill on the boat. Take these pills in case of feeling ill on the boat. Take these pills in case of feeling ill on the boat.

Suppose that you wanted to learn to Suppose that you wanted to learn to make furniture . What would you do make furniture . What would you do first?first?

What if you’re late? Where shall I wait for What if you’re late? Where shall I wait for you?you?

3) Independent form and omited form3) Independent form and omited form

4 The inverted form of the conditional clause4 The inverted form of the conditional clause

If John were here now, he would explain If John were here now, he would explain the whole matter. the whole matter.

WereWere John here now, he would explain the John here now, he would explain the whold matter. whold matter.

If you had asked me, I would have told you If you had asked me, I would have told you the answer. the answer.

HadHad you asked me, I would have told you you asked me, I would have told you the answer. the answer.

ExerciseExercise

Rephrase the following sentences, using Rephrase the following sentences, using the suggested alternative expression in the suggested alternative expression in brackets. brackets.

You can’t live without food. (unless)You can’t live without food. (unless) What if it rained? (suppose)What if it rained? (suppose)