Conditional Sentences (If-sentences)

What is Conditionals? Conditionals are clauses introduced with ifThe main types of Conditionals are: Type 0 Type 1 Type 2 Type 3

Conditional Clause

Clause IF +

Condition

Main clause

Result

You can go out if you have done all the homework. Flowers die if they are not watered. Don’t forget to switch off the light if you leave.

Type 0 (Real action)

Clause IF:

Main clausePresent

Simple or Present Perfect

Modal Verbs or Imperative Mood or Present Simple

If the weather is fine we will go for a walk. If I drink coffee tonight I won’t sleep very well. If you present me a teddy-bear I’ll be surprised.

Type 1 (Future action)

Clause IF:

Main clausePresent

SimpleFuture Simple

Open the brackets:1. If you _______ (say) that again, I ___________

(scream). 2. I _______ (be) surprised if she _________ (manage) to sell that car

3. If the boys ______ (come) to supper, I _________ (cook) chicken breasts.

4. I _________ (need) some money if we _______ (go) out tonight.5. I ________ (miss) you if we ________ (move) to

Wales.6. If you ________ (wash) up, I _________ (dry)7. Ann ________ (be) sorry if Helen ___________ (not

come)8. If you ________ (get) lonely, I hope you _____________ (phone) me – any time.

9. It _________ (be) funny if Norman __________ (get) the job.

say

will screamwill

bemanages

come

will cookwill

needgo

will miss

movewash

upwill drywill

be doesn’t comege

twill phone

will be

gets

Complete these sentences any way you like:I’ll be surprised if… I’ll be very happy if… I’ll be sorry if… They’ll be glad if…

Type 2 (Unreal Present)

Clause IF:

Main clausePast Simple

or Past Continuous

would/could might + Present Infinitive

If the weather were fine (today) we would go for a walk (today) If I didn’t have to work such long hours, I wouldn’t be so tired.

Type 3 (Unreal Past)

Clause IF:

Main clausePast Perfect

or Past Perfect Continuous

would/could might + Perfect Infinitive

If the weather had been fine (yesterday) we would have gone for a walk (yesterday) If I had been more careful, I wouldn’t have made such a big mistake.

Open the brackets1. I didn’t know you were in hospital. If

______________ (I/know) __________________ (I/go) to see you.

2. Sam got to the station just in time to catch the train to the airport. If ____________ (he/miss) the train, ____________________ (he/miss) his flight.

3. I’m glad that you reminded me about Amanda’s birthday. ______________________ (I/forget) if ___________________ (you/not/remind) me.

4. Unfortunately, I forgot my address book when I went on holiday. If _____________________ (I/have) your address, __________________ (I/send) you a postcard.

I had knownI would

have gonehe had missedhe would

have missedI would have forgotten

you hadn’t reminded

I had hadI would have

sent

5. A: How was your holiday? Did you have a nice time? B: It was OK, but _____________________ (we/enjoy) it

more if _____________________ (the weather/be) nicer.

6. I took a taxi to the hotel, but the traffic was bad. __________________ (it/be) quicker if I _________________ (I/walk).

7. I’m not tired. If _______________ (I/be) tired, I’d go home now.

8. I wasn’t tired last night. If _______________ (I/be) tired, I would have gone home earlier.

we would have enjoyedthe weather

had beenIt would have been

had walked

I were

I had been