Conference on

Telecom Needs in Power

Sector

Session

Focus on Transmission

30-05-2012

POWERGRID- Business Segments

•Owns & operate Fibreoptic cable network

•Licenses –NLDO,ISP and IP-1

• Transmission

• Load Dispatch & Communication (LDC)

• Distribution

• Telecom

• Real time Grid operation•Grid Management is being looked by POSOCO, a fully owned subsidiary of POWERGRID as per GOI Directive

•Establishment of modern LDC

Optimum Scheduling & dispatch

• Energy Accounting including settlements

• Generation Linked (carries 51% of Nation’s electric power)

• Grid Strengthening

• Inter-Regional Links

• Inter-country links

DEVELOPMENT OF INTER

STATE TRANSMISSIO

N SYSTEM

GRID MANAGEMENT

TELECOMCONSULTANCY –

NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL

Brand:

POWERGRID is also assisting Govt. of India in its efforts for Distribution Reforms through active participation in APDRP & RGGVY

1. Incorporated in 1989 for transmission of Electric Power across the country.

2. Central Transmission Utility - Navaratna PSU - Asset of Rs. 57573 Crs as on

December 31,2011

3. World's Leading Power Transmission Utility - 92,946.37 Ckt .Km line-

150 Substations as on March 31,2012

4. Technology Leader in EHVAC & HVDC Transmission.

5. 1,24,525 MVA Transformation Capacity

6. 28000 MW (Approx) Interregional Capacity

7. Telecom NLD with 25000 Km Optical Fibre Network & Internet Service

Provider

8. Listed Company with holding of

1. GOI – 69.42%

2. Public – 30.58 %

9. Net Profit (2011-12) – Rs 3225 Crores.

10. Turnover (2010-11) – Rs 10785 Crores

Transmission plans, designs, constructs, operates and

maintains the transmission systems including:

substations

overhead transmission systems

supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA)

revenue metering facilities

communication systems

Maintainenance Fleet

Telecom Network Construction & Engineering

POWERGRID ACTIVITIES

As on 31st March 2012

92946 Kms of transmission

150 EHVAC /HVDC substations

124525 MVA Transformation Capacity

28000 MW Inter Regional Transfer Capacity

Telecom NLDO & ISP with about 25000 Kms of Optical Fibre Network.

Around 40,000 Km of OPGW under installation

CURRENT ASSETS

NEW Grid

SouthGrid

South

West

North

East

Northeast

Five Regional Grids

Five Frequencies

October 1991

East and Northeast

synchronized

March 2003

West synchronized

With East & Northeast

August 2006

North synchronized With Central Grid

Central Grid

Five Regional Grids

Two Frequencies

MERGING OF MARKETS

Renewables: 21 GW

Installed Capacity: 186 GW

SR Synch

By 2014

Evolution of the Grid

Increasing dependence on SCADA systems

Additional RTUs

Route Redundancy

Implementation of ABT and Open Access

Special Protection Schemes (SPS)

WAMS Technology involving PMUs / SMART GRID

Line Protections

Remote Operations of Sub-stations (unmanned sub-stations)

VOIP & Intranet network for internal use/ MIS activities/ ERP

Security Concerns

COMMUNICATION NEEDS

SCADA update times

Analog measuands ≤ 10 s

Digital status ≤ 4 s

Protection signals ≤ 20 ms

Latency for LMU / WAMS ≤ 100 ms

TIME REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSMISSION ACTIVITIES

RTU

SUB LDC

SLDC

RLDC

NLDC

34

Nos.

51Nos.

1322 Nos.

5 Nos.

Plant/SubStation

Level

Group of

DistrictLevel

State HQ

Level

Region

Level

National LevelUnified Load

Despatch &

Communication

Present Hierarchical LDC System

Smart Transmission

POWERGRID Initiatives

Establishment of Unified Load

Despatch & Communication

(ULDC) schemes in all Five (5)

regions of country

Each project comprises of

EMS/SCADA & Associated

Communication System based

on Fiber Optics/ PLCC.

SCADA/EMS Project of

Northern Region of India is the

World’s Largest of its kind with

33 Control Centers, 369 RTUs

& more than 3500 Km wide

band communication Network.

National Load Despatch Center

(NLDC) established in 2008.

RTU RTU RTU

SUB LDC SUB LDC SUB LDC

SLDC SLDC SLDC

ERLDC WRLDC NRLDC SRLDC NERLDC

NLDCNLDC

12

-15

secs

RTU RTU

30

20

15

1

25

SKEWIn sec

Plant/Sub

Station Level

Group of

Distt. Level

State HQ

Level

Region

Level

National

Level

Communication Media Options

PLCC

Analog

Digital

Digital Microwave Radio

Licensed ( already withdrawn by MoC.)

Unlicensed

SATCOM – VSAT

GPRS based system

Leased Line

OPGW

PARAMETERS OPGW Wireless GPRS VSAT Internet

Service Voice & data Voice & data Mobile data Voice & data Data

Security High Moderate Less Less Less

Bandwidth Very high High Low Moderate On demand

Max.Speed 10 Gbps 155 Mbps 115 kbps D-256kbps-60 Mbps

U-100bps-512kbps

-

Transmission Continuous Continuous Packets Packets (PAD) Packets (PAD)

Atmospheric interference Least High High High Network func.

Availability in % 99.999 @ BER

10 E-10

99.99 @ BER

10E-6

Limited to cell 99.9 Fn. Of operator

Latency (Transit delays) Nil Nil 600-700 ms 300-500ms 300-500 ms

Throughput % 100 100 60 80 80

Installation cost High High Low Low Low

Expandability Easy Difficult Not possible Easy Easy

Repeater distance (typ) 80-90 KM 40-50 KM 20-25 km n/a -

Immunity to interference Very High Prone Prone Prone -

Reliability Very high High Low Moderate Low

Frequency clearance NA Required Required Required -

OPGW vs other Design Options

Advantages

• More reliable & proven technology

• Minimum additional load on transmission towers as it replaces the existing ground

wire

• Standard fittings

• Faster installation even in Live Line conditions

• Off-line installation is possible with normal stringing method.

• Clamping on electric poles is possible with suitable fittings

• Most of the Overhead Fibre Optic Cables installed and proposed to be installed by

POWERGRID are OPGW cables.

OPGW

Security Concerns

Wireless & Public Networks

Security is difficult to implement in these systems, since being in public

domain, the airwaves are susceptible to snooping from anyone with an RF

antenna

Fibre Optic based Communication

Fibre optic links are dedicated links, so they are secure from point of view of

public interference. Also, the dielectric nature of optical fibre makes it

impossible to remotely detect the signal being transmitted within the cable.

The only way to do so is by actually accessing the optical fibre

itself. Accessing the fibre requires intervention that is easily detectable by

security surveillance. Thus, extremely attractive to governmental bodies,

banks , power grids etc. with major security concerns.

Reducing skew & latency of SCADA data.

Security of data is paramount.

High speed actuation of protection signals.

Leasing of Transmission & MW towers.

Leasing of Dark Fibers/ Bandwidth. (IP-I & IP-II)

Venturing into telecom business as NLDO / ISP

Protection through diverse communication media (OPGW)

besides transmission lines through PLCC.

TELECOM STRATEGIES

Telecom Solutions

SCADA Data acquisition by –

PLCC links from stations (132 kV & 66 kV) to the area /state CC.

VSAT links for important remote stations to the area /state CC.

OPGW network for 220 kV & above transmission network.

Data routing through RTUs by redundant paths , if possible.

Digital Protection Couplers envisaged to be operated by FOTS .

High speed Telecom Transmission network employed for FOTS with a

strong NMS system.

State-of-art PDH equipment as wideband access telecom network .

Digital PLCC network along with Analog PLCC links to optimize frequency

crowding & channel requirement.

Establishment of Main & Back-up CCs equipped with Cyber Security.

Main SLDC Back-up SLDC

Back-up RLDCMain RLDC

RTUs RTUs

Central Sector

RTUs

Telecom Technologies SCADA Data acquisition Protocols –

IEC -60870-5-101 / 104 protocols for RTU data

SAS IEC-61850 (Substation Automation System)

ICCP 60870-6 (Inter Control Centre Protocol)

VSAT networks on SCPC-DAMA & TDM/TDMA

IEEE C37.118 – PMU / Synchro-phasor

Fibers with DWSM (ITU-T 652.D / 652), DSF

Aerial Fiber Cables OPGW, ADSS, Wrap around, Aerial

SDH equipment –STM 1/4/16

DWDM equipment – up to 40 λs.

PDH equipment MUX / DACS.

FOTS network protection – SNCP , MSP

Digital Protection Couplers envisaged by PDH & SDH interfaces.

Digital PLCC network. Std. IEC-60495

PDC

at NLDC

PDC

at Back up NLDC

PMU Network– Data Flow Hierarchy

Super PDCs at five RLDCs

Master PDCs at SLDCs

Nodal PDCs at Substations Nodal PDCs at Substations

PMU -1

Router/Switch

PMU- nPMU -1

Router/Switch

PMU- n PMU -1

Router/Switch

PMU- n

PMU -1

Router/Switch

PMU- n

Remote Consoles at

CEA (1), NTAMC (2)

Remote Consoles

at RPC (5), UT(3),

States(5)

Thank You for Your Kind Attention

Please !