configuración de una red simple

Omar Gurrola 18 Abril 2007 www.proprojects.wordpress.com

1

Configuración de una Red Simple

Una red de computadoras es una serie de dispositivos conectados entre si con el fin de realizar tareas en común, Una red permite la comunicación entre dispositivos. El objetivo de esta práctica es establecer comunicación entre computadoras.

1. De acuerdo a lo visto en clase ¿Cuáles son los dos aspectos necesarios para que exista comunicación entre dos dispositivos en una red? Son los nodos y los enlaces: Los nodos son los ruteadores, switchs, hubs, PCs, etc. Los enlaces son alambricos e inalámbricos.

2. Realizar una red punto a punto entre dos computadoras en el Laboratorio

de Redes y Comunicaciones.

a. ¿Qué configuración de cable UTP es necesaria para realizar esta conexión?

Se utilizo un cable llamado Crossover, este cable se caracteriza por tener la configuración A en una Terminal y la B en la Terminal contraria. Muy utilizado para conectar dos computadoras o dos dispositivos intermedios como switches y ruteadores que no cuentan con un puerto Uplink. [1]

b. Proporcionar a cada computadora un nombre lógico de red dentro

del mismo rango de direcciones privadas (establecer la mascara de subred) utilizando netsh.

Computadora 1:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>netsh netsh>interface netsh interface>ip netsh interface ip>set address local static 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 none Ok. netsh interface ip>show address Configuration for interface "Local Area Connection" DHCP enabled: No IP Address: 10.0.0.1 SubnetMask: 255.0.0.0 InterfaceMetric: 0 netsh interface ip>bye


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Computadora 2:


i. ¿Es estrictamente necesario, en este caso proporcionar una dirección privada?, es decir, ¿Podemos utilizar direcciones públicas? Podemos utilizar tanto direcciones públicas como direcciones privadas.

¿Por qué?

Por que es una red privada y se puede utilizar cualquier clase de dirección.

c. Verificar la conectividad de esta red punto a punto.

Computadora 1:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms


3

Computadora 2:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

d. Una vez verificada la red punto a punto, cambiar la configuración

de una de las maquinas especificando una dirección de otro rango de direcciones privadas. Ejemplo: si esta trabajando con el rango 10.0.0.0, cambiar la dirección de una de las computadoras al rango 192.168.0.0.

Cambiamos la dirección de la PC2 a 192.168.0.2


i. ¿Qué sucede con nuestra red?, ¿Sigue habiendo comunicación entre las computadoras? Se pierde la comunicación entre las computadoras (No hay conexión).

¿Por qué?


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Por que la PC1 esta en la red 10.0.0.0, mientras que la PC2 pertenece en la red 192.0.0.0, siendo redes diferentes no se pueden comunicar directamente.

ii. Verificar conectividad.

Computadora 1:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 192.168.0.2 Pinging 192.168.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

Computadora 2:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

e. Realizar el diagrama que especifique esta red, incluyendo direcciones.

Cable de Red: UTP

Configuración: Crossover

Nombre de PC en Red: PC1

Numero Lógico: 10.0.0.1

Mascara de Subred: 255.0.0.0

DHCP: Desactivado

Puerta de enlace: Ninguna

Nombre de PC en Red: PC2



DHCP: Desactivado



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3. Realizar una red de topología estrella utilizando un hub.


Se utiliza un cable de red normal, con la configuración 568-B.


del mismo rango de direcciones privadas (establecer la mascara de subred).

Computadora 1:


Computadora 2:



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Computadora 3:


i. ¿Es estrictamente necesario, en este caso proporcionar una dirección privada?, es decir, ¿Podemos utilizar direcciones públicas?

Podemos utilizar tanto direcciones públicas como direcciones privadas.

¿Por qué?



Computadora 1:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 10.0.0.3 Pinging 10.0.0.3 with 32 bytes of data:


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Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Computadora 2:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.3 Pinging 10.0.0.3 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Computadora 3:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC3>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128


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Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC3>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms


de una de las maquinas especificando una dirección de otro rango de direcciones privadas. Ejemplo: si esta trabajando con el rango 10.0.0.0 , cambiar la dirección de una de las computadoras al rango 192.168.0.0



i. ¿Qué sucede con nuestra red?, ¿Sigue habiendo comunicación entre las computadoras? Solo sigue habiendo comunicación entre la PC1 y la PC2

¿Por qué?


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Por que la PC3 tiene otra dirección de red (192.0.0.0).


Computadora 1:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 192.168.0.3 Pinging 192.168.0.3 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

Computadora 2:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 192.168.0.3 Pinging 192.168.0.3 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable.


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Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

Computadora 3:

C:\Documents and Settings\XBLADEPC>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\XBLADEPC>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

e. Realizar el diagrama que especifique esta red, incluyendo

direcciones.

Cable de Red: UTP

Configuración: 568-B

Nombre de Red: PC1



DHCP: Desactivado


Nombre de Red: PC2



DHCP: Desactivado


Nombre de Red: PC3



DHCP: Desactivado


Dispositivo: Hub

1

1 2

3

5

3

Puerto

Etiqueta del Cable


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4. Realizar una red de topología estrella utilizando un switch.


Se utiliza un cable de red normal, con la configuración 568-B.


del mismo rango de direcciones privadas (establecer la mascara de subred).

Computadora 1:


Computadora 2:



12

Computadora 3:


i. ¿Es estrictamente necesario, en este caso proporcionar una dirección privada?, es decir, ¿Podemos utilizar direcciones públicas?

Podemos utilizar tanto direcciones públicas como direcciones privadas.

¿Por qué?



Computadora 1:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 10.0.0.3 Pinging 10.0.0.3 with 32 bytes of data:


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Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Computadora 2:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.3 Pinging 10.0.0.3 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.3: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Computadora 3:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC3>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1:


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Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC3>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms


de una de las maquinas especificando una dirección de otro rango de direcciones privadas. Ejemplo: si esta trabajando con el rango 10.0.0.0 , cambiar la dirección de una de las computadoras al rango 192.168.0.0



i. ¿Qué sucede con nuestra red?, ¿Sigue habiendo comunicación entre las computadoras? Solo sigue habiendo comunicación entre la PC1 y la PC2

¿Por qué? Por que la PC3 tiene otra dirección de red (192.0.0.0).


15


Computadora 1:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC1>ping 192.168.0.3 Pinging 192.168.0.3 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

Computadora 2:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC2>ping 192.168.0.3 Pinging 192.168.0.3 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable.


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Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

Computadora 3:

C:\Documents and Settings\PC3>ping 10.0.0.1 Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\Documents and Settings\PC3>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

e. Realizar el diagrama que especifique esta red, incluyendo

direcciones.

Cable de Red: UTP

Configuración: 568-B

Nombre de Red: PC1



DHCP: Desactivado


Nombre de Red: PC2



DHCP: Desactivado


Nombre de Red: PC3



DHCP: Desactivado

Puerta de enlace: Ninguna Dispositivo: Switch

1

1

2

3

5

3Puerto

Etiqueta del Cable


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Referencias

[1]. HOSPDECOMP, “Aprende a hacer tus propios cables de red”,

http://guia.mercadolibre.com.mx/aprende-hacer-propios-cables-red-2922-VGP, Domingo 22 de abril del 2007.

http://guia.mercadolibre.com.mx/aprende-hacer-propios-cables-red-2922-VGP

http://guia.mercadolibre.com.mx/aprende-hacer-propios-cables-red-2922-VGP

configuración de una red simple

Documents

red de computadoras

red privada

red punto a punto

red simple

timeset address local

nombre lgico de red

documents and settingspc1ping

documents and settingspc2ping