connecting contiki enabled versatile sensor nodes via...

Connecting Contiki enabled Versatile Sensor Nodes via

CC1101 radioZoltan Padrah, Ales Verbic, Marko Mihelin,

Carolina Fortuna, Mihael Mohorcic

Jozef Stefan InstituteDepartment of Communication Systems

SensorLab

Jozef Stefan Institute

02/22/11 NEWCOM++ Workshop on Smart Grids

Agenda

2

IntroductionPublic lightsVersatile Sensor Node (VSN)Contiki OSPorting Contiki to VSNOverview of the demoDemo

IntroductionInternet of Things

World-wide network of heterogeneous smart objects (sensors, actuators, RFID, MEMS …) Based on standard communication protocols (IPv6)

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)Communication links between nodes are established over radio channelSensing of physical information about environmentSensed data is transferred to sink via network

02/22/11 NEWCOM++ Workshop on Smart Grids 3

Wireless Sensor Network application areas:

Introduction

Agriculture

eHealthSport

Military

Environmental monitoring

Smart House

Industrial Processes

TransportationLogistics

Advertising

Social Networks

Marketing

SecuritySafety

Emergency

Smart infrastructures

LightingElectricity

WaterGas


Smart public lights (vision)LED technology represents one of the biggest opportunities in lighting. Coupling infrastructure with communication networks provides additional energy savings and opens a portfolio of new applications.Replace 850 existing lamps

with LEDsEquip lamps with WSN and test:

Individual lamp dimmingMicro level environmental monitoringReal time control of infrastructure over Internet

10 years test-bedCollaboration: stakeholders from public utilities, industry and research institute02/22/11 NEWCOM++ Workshop on Smart Grids 5


Smart public lights (current status)

Miren-Kostanjevica test-bed (link)

Lights equipped with Versatile Sensor NodesStar topology network configurationcustom communication protocol

http://gsn.ijs.si/fullmap.html#fullmap

Smart public lightning (current status)

1st phase: up & running 15 nodes (achieved)2nd phase: up & running 100 nodes (in progress)3rd phase: up and running 830 nodes


Versatile Sensor NodeModular platform for WSN (VSN=VSC+VSR+VSE+VSP)

High processing power and low energy consumption Sensor node & gateway (multi-tier / IP) capabilityBattery, solar or external power supplyRe-configurable radio


Versatile Sensor NodeST ARM Cortex-M3JTAG, USB, USART PC interface (µVision IDE + KEIL debugger)I2C, SPI, PWM, AD, DA, USART sensor and actuator interfaces

Code library: C/C++ (GCC)NVRAM & SDIO (MicroSD card slot)300-900 MHz, 2.4 GHz radio interface (all ISM bands)

TI CC11xx, TI CC25xxZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Bluetooth,

Wi-Fi, Ethernet, GSM/GPRS OEM or compilled (FreakZ,

NanoStack, μIP, RIME, SNP)It can run Contiki OS


Versatile Sensor Node: Sensor/Gateway Node

VSN + Xbee + Power supply + sensor board


Contiki - Introduction Lightweight OS for sensor network nodesSwedish Institute of Computer Science (http://www.sics.se/)Open Source (BSD license)

Contiki 1.0 - 2003, Contiki 2.0 - 2007, …, Contiki 2.4 - 2010

ImplementationC programming languageFootprint size Bigger than TinyOS (event-driven)Smaller than Mantis (preemptive multi-thread)


Contiki – Applications

Event / Thread Hybrid modelEvent-driven kernelNo preemption – only by interrupts

ProtothreadsThread-like construct on top of the event-driven Contiki kernel (no need of one stack per thread)

Preemptive multi-threading On a per-process basisImplemented as a library that can be explicitly linked with programs that require multi-threadingMemory management functions - library


Contiki – process model

Similar to state machinesEvent-drivenExample


Contiki – Networking

uIPv4, v6TCP, UDP

RIMEunicast, broadcastmultihop

radio MAC layer protocols xmac, lppmac, tdma

We want to test these stacks in the testbed


Porting Contiki to VSN

Contiki directory structure/core/ - platform independent/platform/ - platform specific code (e.g. VSN)/apps/ - applications (test applications)/examples/ - example projects


Porting Contiki to VSN

Platform:Implements hardware-specific parts of modulesContains driversCan be specific for a toolchain (compiler)


Inside a platform


CC1101 radio transceiver

works in sub-gigahertz frequency bandlow power a driver for it has been written

consists of a process and interrupt handlersContiki OS has standard radio driver interface

all the stack can work with it


SensorLabOverview of the demo

Two nodes running Contiki OSFirst one has sensors and actuatorsSecond is connected to a control system (PC)

Sensor data: from sensors to processingCommands: from controller to actuators

Radio Contiki OS

Comm. interface

Data processing

Controller

CommunicationSensorsActuators

RadioContiki OS


SensorLabOverview of the demo

Sensor node platform: Versatile Sensor NodeRadio: CC1101 chip from Texas Instruments

868 MHz ISM bandSensors: temperature, luminance, pressure, humidityActuators: LEDsConnection to controller: serial port

Data display

Human control

Serial port interface

Sensors:TemperatureLuminancePressureHumidity

LEDs

CC1101Contiki OSCC1101 Contiki OS

Serial Port


Practical demonstration


Thank you for your attention!Questions?


Links:http://gsn.ijs.si/http://sensors.ijs.si/http://sensorlab.ijs.si/ (under construction)

http://gsn.ijs.si/

http://sensors.ijs.si/

http://sensorlab.ijs.si/

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