Connection of Piracy and Export and import control

International previewExperience of Armenia

BackgroundBackground

• 1947 - Coordinating Committee on Multilateral Export 1947 - Coordinating Committee on Multilateral Export Controls (COCOM) Controls (COCOM) – European + Japan Focus – 17 members, 6 cooperating European + Japan Focus – 17 members, 6 cooperating

countriescountries– Purpose: Focused on addressing Cold War and denying Purpose: Focused on addressing Cold War and denying

technologies to the Soviet Bloc; (Many of who are now technologies to the Soviet Bloc; (Many of who are now members)members)

– Conventional weapons focus;Conventional weapons focus;– Sources of strategic goods and technologies limitedSources of strategic goods and technologies limited..

• 1990’s - COCOM is dissolved and Wassenaar 1990’s - COCOM is dissolved and Wassenaar Arrangement is formed.Arrangement is formed.

• 1996, May 12 - Wassenaar Arrangement is officially 1996, May 12 - Wassenaar Arrangement is officially established, in the Dutch town of Wassenaar, near the established, in the Dutch town of Wassenaar, near the HagueHague

• Administrative Offices in Vienna, AustriaAdministrative Offices in Vienna, Austria

Main are four international export control regimes

• Wassenaar Arrangement (WA) 1995

• Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) 1987

• Zangger Committee Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) 1974 1976

• Australia Group (AG) 1995

Wassenaar ArrangementWassenaar ArrangementCurrent MembershipCurrent Membership

• There are currently 40 Participating MembersThere are currently 40 Participating Members• Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,

Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, SloveniaSlovakia, Slovenia, , South Africa, Spain, Sweden, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom and Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom and United States. United States.

• Additional there are many Unilaterally Adhering StatesAdditional there are many Unilaterally Adhering States• There are no “observersThere are no “observers

Wassenaar Arrangement Wassenaar Arrangement ObjectivesObjectives

– Promote Transparency and Responsibility in the Promote Transparency and Responsibility in the Transfer of Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods Transfer of Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologyand Technology

– Prevent Prevent Destabilizing Accumulations of Destabilizing Accumulations of Military Capabilities by Coordinating National Military Capabilities by Coordinating National Transfer PoliciesTransfer Policies

–– Complement Existing International Regimes and Complement Existing International Regimes and

Measures by Focusing on Threats to Peace and Measures by Focusing on Threats to Peace and Security Arising from Arms or Technology TransfersSecurity Arising from Arms or Technology Transfers

– Cooperate to Prevent the Acquisition of Arms and Cooperate to Prevent the Acquisition of Arms and Sensitive Dual-Use Goods by Terrorists Sensitive Dual-Use Goods by Terrorists

The Wassenaar Control ListsThe Wassenaar Control Lists– Dual Use Dual Use – Military ListMilitary List– Other DocumentsOther Documents

Missile Technology Control Regime

• MTCR was established in 1987 by initiative of the USA under the non-proliferation of nuclear weapon guidelines.

Zangger Committee and Nuclear Suppliers Group

Is an informal group of nuclear supplier countries that are party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

The Australia Group

Informal group of participant countries established in 1985 to discuss proliferation of chemical and biological weapons

Main objective of the international regime• limitation of export of the materials and

equipment used for manufacturing of chemical and biological weapon.

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