conpolox-aop ppt

OZONE RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS (INDIA) PVT. LTD.

NAGPUR, MAHARASHTRA

SAVE THE EARTH FOR GENERATIONS TO FOLLOW…

M/s. KAUFMANN UMWELTTECHNIK

GERMANY(TECH PARTNER IN THE FIELD OF OZONE

GENERATORS)

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“Water is the driving force of all nature.”

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WHO ARE WE?

• We started in 1996 with the manufacturing and trading of water treatment

chemical – Sodium Hypochlorite

• Ozone came into the picture in 1998 and the company was established as “M/s

Ozone India”

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Ozone India”

• In 2002, Ozone Research and Applications India Private Limited (ORAIPL)

announced itself in the country as the ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS

OF OZONE GENERATORS with the aim of providing environmental solutions to the

world with ozone and has never looked back since…

“ When the well is dry, we learn the worth of water.”

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SERVICES OFFERED

• Laboratory Testing

• Treatability Studies with all AOP combinations

• Bench Scale Experiment

• Setups Up to 15-20 Liters

• Pilot Testing

• AOP Reactors (60 -1000 Liters) • AOP Reactors (60 -1000 Liters)

• Process Testing On Site

• Engineering Support

• Design and Integration

• Application Consulting

• Process Selection

• Equipment Servicing

• After Sales

ORAIPL Group Of Companies

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“Every drop in the ocean counts.”

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WHERE ARE WE LOCATED?

H.O.: 902, ‘Ozone House’, Khare Town, Dharampeth,

Nagpur-440010

Ph. No. 0712-2551055

Works: C-75, MIDC Industrial Area, Hingna, Nagpur-440028

Ph. No. 07104-235783

“By means of water, we give life to everything.”ORAIPL Group Of Companies

GROUP COMPANIES

• Ozone Research & Applications (I) Pvt. Ltd. – ORAIPL (Parent Company)

• Omniscient Treatment Technologies Pvt. Ltd. – OTTPL (Sister Firm)

• Green Agro Biosolids India Pvt. Ltd. – GABIPL (Sister Firm)


MANAGEMENT PROFILE• Mr. Vishal Waindeskar: Director

• He qualified as a B.Tech in Chemical Engineering; one of the founders of ORAIPL with 20 years of

experience in water and wastewater treatment specializing in ozone technology. His curiosity and

perseverance to look for innovative solutions has brought the company to where it stands today.

• Mr. Rajesh Admane: Director

• He is an expert in Petrochemical Engineering and is one of the visionaries behind the emergence

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ORAIPL. With an experience of 20 years in water treatment field, he forms a pillar of the ORAIPL

group.

• Mr. Vaibhav Gupte: Executive Director

• He is B.E in Electronics Engineering and has been leading the technical think-tank of our product

and operations since the beginning.

• Mr. Shailesh Gaidhane: Executive Director

• Mechanical Engineer with expertise in designing and commissioning of ozonisation systems since

15 years.

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OUR VISION

•To achieve constant growth, operational excellence and

customer satisfaction

•To develop new and innovative solutions for our

customers

•To pursue market share and revenue growth through

strategic tie ups that expand our product offering and

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strategic tie ups that expand our product offering and

enhance competitiveness

•To cater to all environment related problems and

provide our best in strategizing a scheme to save the

earth.

“Filthy water cannot be washed.”

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OUR STRENGTHS • ORAIPL has been manufacturing ozone generators in

technical collaboration with M/s. Kaufmann

Umwelttechnik.

• M/s. Kaufmann Umwelttechnik, located in Germany was

established in 1982 and has operations worldwide.

• Well known organizations around the globe trust

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Kaufmann system with respect to ozone technology.

• ORAIPL also has a strategic alliance with Toshiba ,Japan.

• With a total workforce of 100 + employees, we have the

potential to execute any volume of project with ease.

• Registered in Govt. Organizations viz MAHAGENCO, BHEL,

Indian Railways , Ordnance Factories, Ministry Of Health,

CPWD, BARC, etc.

“Thousands have lived without love, not one without water.”

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TECHNICAL STRENGTHS

Design & Engineering Department – 5

Engineers


TECHNICAL STRENGTHS

Production Department – 5 Engineers, 10

Technicians


TECHNICAL STRENGTHS

Research & Development Department –

3 Chemists•Ozone Research and Applications (I) Pvt. Ltd. has

an in-house R & D wing at its disposal headed by

the company’s Director himself Mr. Vishal

Waindeskar.

The Lab facility is well equipped with all the•The Lab facility is well equipped with all the

instruments and chemicals needed to carry out

treatability studies in various effluents.

•The Research Team comprises of Post Graduates

in Chemistry, Environmental Sciences etc.

•The R & D team is on a constant pursuit to come

up with innovative and cost effective solutions for

treating all sorts of wastewaters.


TECHNICAL STRENGTHS

Purchase & Stores Department – 4


TECHNICAL STRENGTHS

Operation & Maintenance Department– 9

Engineers & 15 Technicians


PIPING & INSTRUMENTATION DRAWING


DOCUMENT LIST FOR AN IDEAL OZONE

GENERATION PLANT1. PIPING & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM

2. PROCESS DESIGN BASIS AN SIZING CALCULATION

3. EQUIPMENT LAYOUT

4. SUB VENDOR LIST & INSPECTION CRITERIA

5. CONTROL PHILOSOPHY WITH PLC SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIAGRAM

6. CIVIL ASSIGNMENT DRAWING

7. ELECTRICAL LOAD LIST

16. QAP FOR COMPRESSORS MOTOR

17. DATA SHEET FOR INSTRUMENTS AND ANALYSER ALONG WITH INSTRUMENT HOOK UP DRAWING

18. DATASHEET & GA OF OZONE GENERATOR MODULE

19. QAP OF OZONE GENERATOR MODULE

20. GA OF ATMOSPHERIC TANKS

21. GA OF PRESSURE VESSELS

DIAGRAM, PLC CONTROL SCHEMES (BLOCK LOGIC), CONTROL DESK LAYOUT / GA DRAWING, PLC HEAT DISSIPATION DATA ALONG WITH PROCESS GRAPHIC MANUSCRIPTS, PANEL & ELECTRONIC EARTHING REQUIREMENT, PLC CATALOGUE, PLC OWS/PRINTER FURNITURE BOM

29. QAP AND FAT PROCEDURE FOR PLC

30. CABLE TRAY LAYOUT

31. DESIGN CALCULATION AND DATASHEET OF 7. ELECTRICAL LOAD LIST

8. PIPING LAYOUT

9. DATASHEET & SLD FOR UPS, UPS SIZING CALCULATIONS, BATTERY SIZING CALCULATIONS

10. TECHNICAL DATA SHEET OF HORIZONTAL PUMPS

11. TECHNICAL DATA SHEET OF COMPRESSORS

12. GA & DATA SHEET OF MOTORS

13. QAP FOR HORIZONTAL PUMPS WITH MOTOR

14. QAP FOR PUMP MOTOR

15. QAP FOR COMPRESSORS WITH MOTOR

21. GA OF PRESSURE VESSELS

22. MECHANICAL DATASHEET WITH THICKNESS CALCULATION FOR AIR DRIER, OXYGEN GENERATOR, AIR RECEIVER, OXYGEN RECEIVER, MOISTURE SEPERATOR AND VENTURI INJECTOR

23. MECHANICAL DATASHEET FOR CHILLER

24. MECHANICAL DATASHEET & GA FOR STRAINERS & VALVES

25. QAP FOR VALVES

26. INSTRUMENT SCHEDULE

27. VALVE SCHEDULE

28. PLC DOCUMENTS , GA & WIRING DETAILS OF PLC PANEL, I/O LIST, BOM, MIMIC

31. DESIGN CALCULATION AND DATASHEET OF VENTILATION FANS.

32. CABLE SCHEDULE, SUBMISSION OF CABLE INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM ALONG WITH FIELD JUNCTION BOX TERMINATIONS

33. PAINTING SCHEDULE

34. ENGINEERING BOQ

35. PG TEST PROCEDURE


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“We have the ability to provide clean water for every man, woman and child on the

Earth. What has been lacking is the collective will to accomplish this. What are we

waiting for? This is the commitment we need to make to the world, now.” » Jean-Michel

Cousteau

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COOLING TOWERS AND POWER SECTOR

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{Water is} the one substance from which the earth can conceal nothing; it

sucks out its innermost secrets and brings them to our very lips.

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OUR PROMINENT INSTALLATIONS:• Khaparkheda Thermal Power Station : 6 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2006)

• Indorama Synthetics: 40 g/hr Ozonisation System(YOI: 2008)

• Paras Thermal Power Station: 8kg/hr Ozonisation System( YOI: 2008)

• Paras Thermal Power Station (Raw Water): 2 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2008)

• Khaparkheda Thermal Power Station (Raw Water): 2 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2008)

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• Parli Thermal Power Station: 12 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2009)

• Parli Thermal Power Station (Raw Water): 1.1 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2009)

• Parli Thermal Power Station Unit II: 12 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2010)

• Paras Thermal Power Station Unit II: 8 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2013)

• Khaparkheda Thermal Power Station Unit II: 13kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2015)

• AIIMS, Bhubhaneshwar: 800 g/hr Ozonisation System (Under Execution)

• Karnataka Power Corporation Limited (in association with BHEL), Bellary: 20 kg/hr Ozonisation Plant (Under Execution)

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SCADA OPERATED INSTALLATIONS AT

KHAPARKHEDA & PARAS THERMAL POWER

PLANTS

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DRINKING WATER

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Between earth and earth's atmosphere, the amount of water remains

constant; there is never a drop more, never a drop less. This is a story of

circular infinity, of a planet birthing itself.

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OUR PROMINENT INSTALLATIONS• Khaparkheda Thermal Power Staion: 150g/hr and 40 g/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 1999)

• Manikgadh Cement: 120 g/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 1999)

• Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, Jalgaon: 1600 g/hr Ozonisation System (YOI:

2002)

• MIDC, Kherdi Chiplun: 120 g/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2000)

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• MIDC, Kherdi Chiplun: 120 g/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2000)

• CPWD (Navegaon, Aurangabad, Amravati, Washim, Silchur): 10 g/hr Ozonsation Systems

• Chandrapur Thermal Power Station : 650 g/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2005)

• Ordnance Factory, Bhandara: 2 kg/hr Ozonisation System (YOI: 2015)

• Thavkar Aqua, Kingfisher, Bhartia Aqua (Packaged Drinking Water) e.t.c: Different Variants &

many more.

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OZONATION PLANT AT ORDNANCE

FACTORY, BHANDARA

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LAKE REMEDIATION AND RIVER

DISINFECTION

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Wetlands have a poor public image. . . Yet they are among the earth's

greatest natural assets. . . mankind's waterlogged wealth.

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REVIVAL JOBS TAKEN BY US:

• Ozonisation of the Holy Sarovar at Golden Temple Amritsar: 1.6 kg/hr Ozonisation System

(YOI:2005)

• Ozonisation of Holy Shivganga Pond at Deoghar: 3 kg/hr Ozonisation System (Under

Execution)

• River Disinfection at Ujjain Mahakumbh 2016 (Containerized Ozone System)

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MEDIA ATTENTION


FIRST OF ITS KIND


PRIME MINISTER TWEETS


WASTE WATER TREATMENT (ETPS & STPS)

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Water is the most critical resource issue of our lifetime and our children's

lifetime.

The health of our waters is the principal measure of how we live on the

land.

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OUR LATEST INSTALLATION AT FOREST

COUNTY, PUNE

• 400 KLD STP Reuse Plant At

Kharadi, Pune


Kharadi, Pune

• 160 g/hr * 2 Ozone

Generator System for

disinfection and odor

removal.

ORAIPL’S RESEARCH ON VARIOUS

EFFLUENTS

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The R & D Department headed by Mr. Vishal Waindeskar is on a constant

pursuit to give efficient and economical solutions to our clients.

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OTHER FIELDS OF WORK

• Ozonolysis

• Advanced Oxidation Processes

• Aquaculture and Aquariums

• Fruits and Vegetables Washing (Onion Disinfection at Jain Irrigation Systems, Vegetable Washing at

Dinshaw’s etc )

• Air Treatment (Packaging, Indoor Air Treatment, Exhaust Treatment, Process Air Disinfection etc)

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• Air Treatment (Packaging, Indoor Air Treatment, Exhaust Treatment, Process Air Disinfection etc)

• Process Water (Installations for Mylan, BHEL, NALCO, Western Hill Foods, Godrej etc.)

• Grain Storage

• Clean In Place Systems

• Bleaching Operations

• Desilting of Lakes

• Boom Barriers for Floating Litter

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ORAIPL MAKING STRIDES IN ADVANCED

OXIDATION PROCESSES

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ADVANCED OXIDATION

PROCESSES

DEFINITION

• Processes in which oxidation of organic contaminants occurs primarily through

reactions with hydroxyl radicals.

• Hydroxyl Radicals are one of the most powerful oxidants in the world with an

oxidation potential of 2.70.oxidation potential of 2.70.

• AOPs involve the two stages of oxidation:

• formation of strong oxidants (e.g., hydroxyl radicals) and

• reaction of these oxidants with organic contaminants in water.


APPLICATIONS OF AOP

• Oxidation of inorganic species (ferrous iron, manganous manganese, sulphides)

• Oxidation of various organic compounds (NOM and organic pollutants)• Oxidation of various organic compounds (NOM and organic pollutants)

• Oxidation of odorous organic compounds (geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol)

• Oxidation of chlorinated organic compounds

• Improve the performance of / reduce the required coagulant dosage

• Control nuisance aquatic growth of for instance algae

• Disinfection of various microorganisms


ADVANTAGES OF AOP

• Rapid reaction rates and relatively small footprint

• Potential to reduce toxicity and possibly complete mineralization of organics

treated

• Destruction of numerous organic compounds• Destruction of numerous organic compounds

• Established technologies for drinking water treatment

• Non selective pathway allows for the treatment of multiple organics

• Improvement of Biodegradability in Pre-Treatment

• Toxicity Removal

• Secondary disinfection capability


DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

• The design of an AOP system is governed by the following:

• Influent contaminant concentration

• Target effluent contaminant concentration

• Flow Rate

Background Water Parameters• Background Water Parameters

• Key values needed for detailed design:

• Chemical Dosages and Ratio with other chemicals

• Reactor Contact Time

• Reactor Configuration

• Consideration of DBP’s

• Since the above values are treatment and water specific, proper research on the waste

sample is required.


TYPES OF AOPS

• Non- Photochemical

• There are four well-known methods for generating hydroxyl radicals without using light energy.

Two of the methods involve the reaction of ozone while one uses Fe2+ ions as the catalyst. These

methods are ozonation at elevated values of pH (>8.5), combining ozone with hydrogen

peroxide, ozone + catalyst, and the Fenton system. Ozone Cavitation is slowly gaining popularity

as the fifth method for non-photochemcical AOP process.as the fifth method for non-photochemcical AOP process.

• Photochemical

• Direct ozone or hydrogen peroxide oxidation of organic compounds does not completely oxidize

organics to CO2 and H2O in many cases. In some reactions, the intermediate oxidation products

remaining in the solution may be as toxic as or even more toxic than the initial compound.

Completion of oxidation reactions, as well as oxidative destruction of compounds immune to

unassisted ozone or H2O2 oxidation, can be achieved by supplementing the reaction with UV

radiation.


NON-PHOTOCHEMICAL AOPS

• Ozonation at elevated pH

• Ozone + Hydrogen Peroxide (O3/H2O2) (Peroxone)• Ozone + Hydrogen Peroxide (O3/H2O2) (Peroxone)

• Ozone + Catalyst(O3/CAT)

• Fenton System (H2O2/Fe2+)

• Ozone + Cavitation Process


OZONATION AT ELEVATED PH

• As the pH rises, the decomposition rate of ozone in water increases. For example, at pH 10,

the half-life of ozone in water can be less than 1 min. Oxidation of organic species may

occur due to a combination of reactions with molecular ozone and reactions with OH

radicals.

• The reaction between hydroxide ions and ozone leads to the formation of super-oxide• The reaction between hydroxide ions and ozone leads to the formation of super-oxide

anion radical and hydroperoxyl radical. By the reaction between ozone and the super-oxide

anion radical the ozonide anion radical is formed, which decomposes immediately giving.OH radical. Summarizing, three ozone molecules produce two OH radicals:

• 3 O3 + OH- + H+ � 2 .OH + 4O2

• The rate of the attack by OH radicals is typically 106 to 109 times faster than the

corresponding reaction rate for molecular ozone.


OZONE + HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (O3/H2O2)

• Addition of hydrogen peroxide to ozone can initiate the decomposition cycle of ozone,

resulting in the formation of OH radicals:

H2O2 �HO2– + H+

HO2– + O3� HO2

. + O3-

The reaction continues along the indirect pathway described above and OH radicals are

produced. The combination of different reaction steps shows that two ozone molecules

produce two OH radicals:produce two OH radicals:

2O3 + H2O2 → 2.OH + 3O2

• In some studies, the pesticide named atrazine showed better degradation in water treated

with ozone–hydrogen peroxide combination as compared to ozone alone. The optimum

H2O2/O3 mass ratio ranges from 0.35 to 0.45. The performance of the process depends on the

ozone dose, contact time, and alkalinity of water. In another study, the best performance was

achieved when H2O2 was added after the oxidation of highly reactive substances with ozone

alone. The implementation of a radical system makes oxidation of refractory molecules

possible: it allows getting full advantage of selective molecular ozone reactions before

converting the process to non-selective free radical attack.


TYPICAL DOSING SCHEME


OZONE + CATALYST(O3/CAT)

• Another opportunity to accelerate ozonation reactions is to use heterogeneous or homogeneouscatalysts. Several metal oxides and metal ions (Fe2O3, Al2O3–Me, MnO2, Ru/CeO2, TiO2–Me, Fe2+, Fe3+,Mn2+, etc.) have led to a significant acceleration in the decomposition of the target compound.

• Advanced oxidation of chlorobenzenes in wastewater as well as in model solutions using iron andmanganese ions as heterogeneous catalysts has concluded that the reduction of total organic carbon(TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from wastewater was more efficient with theozone/catalyst system than oxidation with ozone at high pH values.

• The O3/Mn(II) and O3/Fe(II) systems have found to be more effective in the removal of• The O3/Mn(II) and O3/Fe(II) systems have found to be more effective in the removal oforganochloride compounds than the O3/Fe(III) and O3/high pH systems.

• Catalytic ozonation of succinic acid is a must as it is barely oxidized by ozone alone. Ru/CeO2 can beused as a catalyst in this case.

• Catalytic ozonation process using Al2O3, TiO2 in its anatase form, and clay as the support for metalcatalysts; have worked well with compounds like Salicylic acid showing complete removal.

• O3/TiO2 system is preferable in terms of process efficiency in TOC reduction when oxalic acid is themain compound to be removed. Ozone–Granulated Activated Carbon systems (O3/GAC) make aspecial case of catalytic ozonation. Quite well-known is the combined system O3/GAC forbiorefractory compounds (for example, pesticides) destruction where the GAC’s bed life is prolongeddue to the ozonated water. Using the GAC as a catalyst for free radical formation in ozonated water isgetting popular.


FENTON SYSTEM (H2O2/Fe2+)• The Fenton process was reported by Fenton already over a hundred years ago for maleic acid oxidation:

• Fe2+ + H2O2 ----> Fe3+ + OH– + .OH

• The rate constant for the reaction of ferrous ion with hydrogen peroxide is high and Fe (II) oxidizes to Fe(III) in a few seconds to minutes in

the presence of excess amounts of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes catalytically by Fe (III) and generates hydroxyl

radicals again according to the reactions:

• Fe3+ + H2O2 � H+ +

• Fe––OOH2+� HO2. + Fe2+

• Fe2+ + H2O2 -----> Fe3+ + OH– + .OH

It has been demonstrated that Fenton’s reagent is able to destroy different phenols, nitrobenzene, and herbicides in water media as well asIt has been demonstrated that Fenton’s reagent is able to destroy different phenols, nitrobenzene, and herbicides in water media as well as

to reduce COD in municipal wastewater. The usefulness of the Fe(II)/H2O2 system as a potential oxidant for soil contaminants has also been

investigated. It has been shown that PCP and trifluralin are extensively degraded while hexadecane and dieldrin are partially transformed in

a soil suspension at acidic pH.

The use of Fe(II)/H2O2 as an oxidant for wastewater treatment is attractive due to the facts that:

• (1) iron is a highly abundant and non-toxic element, and

• (2) hydrogen peroxide is easy to handle and environmentally benign.

• Thus, the Fenton process is very effective for OH radicals generation; however, it involves consumption of one molecule of Fe2+ for each OH

radical produced, demanding a high concentration of Fe(II).

• This process requires very little energy compared to other oxidation technologies that utilize O3 or UV.

• This process produces no vapor emissions and, therefore, requires no off-gas treatment or air permits.


SCHEMATIC OF FENTON SYSTEM


OZONE + CAVITATION PROCESS

• Cavitation Process :-

Cavitation is described as the formation of microbubbles in solution that implode violently

after reaching a critical resonance size. These microbubbles can be produced by a number

of mechanisms:

1. Local increase in water velocity as in eddies or vortices, or over boundary contours;1. Local increase in water velocity as in eddies or vortices, or over boundary contours;

2. Rapid vibration of the boundary through sonication;

3. Separation or parting of a liquid column owing to water hammer; or

4. An overall reduction in static pressure.

The rapid implosion of cavitation microbubbles results in high temperatures at the

bubble/water interface, which can trigger thermal decomposition of the MTBE in solution

or thermal dissociation of water molecules to form extremely reactive radicals. The

extreme conditions generated during cavitation decomposes water to create both

oxidizing (•OH) and reducing (•H) radical species. As in other AOPs, the primary

mechanism for organic removal by cavitation is through reaction with hydroxyl radicals.


METHODS OF PRODUCING OH RADICALS

VIA CAVITATION

• Ultrasonic Irradiation or Sonication

• Formation of microbubbles through successive ultrasonic frequency cycles until the

bubbles reach a critical resonance frequency size that results in their violent collapse.bubbles reach a critical resonance frequency size that results in their violent collapse.

• Pulse Plasma Cavitation

• High voltage discharge through water to create microbubbles

• Hydrodynamic Cavitation

• High velocity or pressure gradients to generate microbubbles


ENHANCEMENT OF OH RADICAL PRODUCTION

USING OZONE

• The production of •OH through cavitation processes can be enhanced with the use

of ozone.Gas-phase ozone thermally decomposes in the microbubbles, yielding

oxygen atoms and molecular oxygen. This results in a number of reactions thatoxygen atoms and molecular oxygen. This results in a number of reactions that

subsequently yield hydroxyl radicals.

• O3 + H2O �O2 + 2 •OH

• O3 + •OH �HO2- + O2

• O3 + HO2- � •OH + •O2

- + O2


PHOTOCHEMICAL AOPS

• Ozone + Ultraviolet (O3/UV)

• Hydrogen Peroxide + Ultraviolet (O3/UV)• Hydrogen Peroxide + Ultraviolet (O3/UV)

• Ozone + Ultraviolet + Hydrogen Peroxide (O3/UV/H2O2)

• Photo-catalytic Oxidation (UV/TiO2)

• Photo-Fenton and Fenton Like Processes


OZONE + ULTRAVIOLET (O3/UV)

• Ozone readily absorbs UV radiation at 254 nm wavelength (the extinction coefficient å254nm = 3300 M–1 cm–1) producing H2O2 as an intermediate, which then decomposes to .OH:

• O3 + hν----> O2 + O(1D)

• O(1D) + H2O ----> H2O2 ---->2 .OH

• Although photochemical cleavage of H2O2 is the simplest method for the production ofhydroxyl radicals, the exceptionally low molecular absorptivity of H2O2 at 254 nm (å254nm= 18.6 M–1 cm–1) limits the .OH yield in the solution.= 18.6 M cm ) limits the OH yield in the solution.

• The absorptivity of H2O2 can be increased by using UV lamps with output at lowerwavelengths.

• If water solutions contain organic compounds strongly absorbing UV light, then UVradiation usually does not give any additional effect to ozone because of the screening ofozone from the UV by optically active compounds such as phenol, 5-methylresorcinol,xylenols, etc.

• Although phenolic compounds (phenol, p-cresol, 2,3-xylenol, 3,4-xylenol) are easilyoxidized by ozone, complete mineralization to CO2 and H2O is uncommon. Using the O3/UVsystem complete mineralization of organic compounds with a short molecular chain(glyoxal, glyoxylic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid) can be achieved.


HYDROGEN PEROXIDE + ULTRAVIOLET (O3/UV)

• The direct photolysis of hydrogen peroxide leads to the formation of .OH radicals:

H2O2 ----->2.OH (in the presence of UV)

• Also HO2– , which is in an acid–base equilibrium with H2O2, absorbs the UV radiation of the

wavelength 254 nm:

• H2O2 �HO2– + H+

• HO2– -------> .OH + O–

• H2O2/UV process has been successfully used for the destruction of chlorophenols and

other chlorinated compounds.

• Molecules of atrazine, desethylatrazine, and simazine can be mineralized finally to carbon

dioxide within reasonable irradiation times in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

• H2O2/UV can also be used for water disinfection purposes.


OZONE + ULTRAVIOLET + HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

(O3/UV/H2O2)

• The addition of H2O2 to the O3/UV process accelerates the decomposition of ozone,

which results in an increased rate of OH radical generation.

• In processes involving pollutants that are weak absorbers of UV radiation, it is more

cost effective to add hydrogen peroxide externally at a reduced UV flux.cost effective to add hydrogen peroxide externally at a reduced UV flux.

• If direct photolysis of pollutants is not a major factor, O3/H2O2 should be considered

as an alternative to photo-oxidation processes.

• The capital and operating costs for the UV/O3 and/or H2O2 systems vary widely

depending on the wastewater flow rate, types and concentrations of contaminants

present, and the degree of removal required.


SCHEMATIC OF THE SYSTEM


PHOTO-CATALYTIC OXIDATION (UV/TIO2)• The basis of photocatalysis is the photo-excitation of a semiconductor that is solid as a

result of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the near UV spectrum. Under near

UV irradiation, a suitable semiconductor material may be excited by photons possessing

energies of sufficient magnitude to produce conduction band electrons and valence band

holes. These charge carriers are able to induce reduction or oxidation respectively. At the

surface of the TiO2 particle these may react with absorbed species:

• e– + O2 ---> O2–

• h+ + A– ----> .A• h+ + A– ----> .A

• h+ + OH– ----> .OH

• .OH + RH----> .RHOH

• .OH + RH----> .R + H2O

• h+ + RH ---> RH+

• Holes (h+) possess an extremely positive oxidation potential and should thus be able to

oxidize almost all chemicals. Even the one-electron oxidation of water resulting in the

formation of hydroxyl radicals should be energetically feasible:

• H2O + h+ � .OH + H+


CONTD..

• Many Authors found that there is no need to bubble the air through the reaction mixture,

as the performance does not depend on aeration. The absorption of oxygen by the surface

of solution is sufficient for photo-catalytic oxidation (PCO). This means that the absorption

of oxygen by the liquid phase is not the stage limiting the process rate.

• Titanium dioxide, both in the forms of anatase and rutile, is one of the most widely used

metal oxides in industry. Its high refractive index in the visible range permits preparation ofmetal oxides in industry. Its high refractive index in the visible range permits preparation of

thin films, and thus its use as a pigment material. On the other hand, its use as a catalyst

support or as a catalyst and photo-catalyst itself is well known. Titanium dioxide acts not

only as a catalyst support, but also interacts with the supported phase as a promoter.

Titanium dioxide (anatase) has an energy bandgap of 3.2 eV and can be activated by UV

illumination with a wavelength up to 387.5 nm. At the ground level, solar irradiation starts

at a wavelength of about 300 nm. Therefore only 4–5% of the solar energy reaching the

surface of the earth could in principle be utilized as direct and diffused components when

TiO2 is used as a photocatalyst.


CONTD…

• Practically all kinds of toxic chemicals are degradable by PCO. Halogenated hydrocarbons

are readily mineralized. Aromatic molecules are also quantitatively oxidized. Chlorinated

phenols, biphenols, and even dioxins are also completely oxidized yielding CO2 and HCl as

final products. The mineralization of dyes, phthalates, DDT, and surfactants has also beenfinal products. The mineralization of dyes, phthalates, DDT, and surfactants has also been

achieved.

• The research activity over the world is mostly devoted to the PCO of wastewaters

containing refractory and toxic organics. However, PCO and other AOPs may play an

important role in dealing with today’s challenging demand for new drinking water

treatment technologies.


DEPENDENCY ON PH

• The pH value has a dominant effect on the photocatalytic reaction because many properties,

such as the semiconductor’s surface state, the flat-band potential, the dissociation of organic

contaminant, are all strongly pH dependent. The solution matrix can influence the

photocatalytic reaction rate of a particular compound in several ways. PCO has been found to

be the best in terms of the process rate under the conditions of pH 3.0 when landfill leachate is

treated by either H2O2/UV or TiO2/H2O2/UV.

• However, acidic conditions with pH value less than 2 do not favour the PCO of phenol. The• However, acidic conditions with pH value less than 2 do not favour the PCO of phenol. The

phenol degradation rate increases with increasing pH and has its maximum at pH ~6.5. As the

pH value increases further, the removal percentage diminishes rapidly. However, when the pH

value is above 11, the phenol oxidation rate will increase again.

• The optimum pH for the most effective PCO depends strongly on the character of the

compound to be oxidized. Thus, aromatic amino compounds behave differently than phenolics.

Experiments with tert-butanol, added as an OH radical scavenger to the solutions of phenolic

and aromatic amino compounds photocatalytically oxidized under different pH, showed that

the radical oxidation mechanism prevails under alkaline medium conditions. Under acidic

medium conditions, OH radicals seem not to play a significant role in PCO.


SCHEMATIC OF THE SYSTEM


PHOTO-FENTON AND FENTON LIKE PROCESSES

• When Fe3+ ions are added to the H2O2/UV process, the process is commonly called Photo-

Fenton-type oxidation. At pH 3, the Fe (OH)2+ complex is formed because of the acidic

environment:

• Fe3+ + H2O ----->Fe (OH)2+ + H+

• Fe (OH)2+ <-----�Fe3+ + OH–

• When exposed to UV irradiation, the complex is further subjected to decomposition and will

produce .OH and Fe2+ ions:produce .OH and Fe2+ ions:

• Fe (OH)2+ -------> Fe2+ + .OH (In the presence of UV)

• It is apparent that the photo-Fenton-type reaction relies heavily on the UV irradiation to initiate

the generation of OH radical.

• If desired, organic pollutants can be mineralized completely with UV/visible irradiation.

• A number of herbicides and pesticides can be totally mineralized by the hν-Fe(III)/H2O2 process,

and the mineralization of chlorophenol as well.


CONTD..

• The increased efficiency of Fenton/Fenton -like reagents with UV/visible irradiation is

attributed to:

• Photo-reduction of ferric ion: irradiation of ferric ion (and/or ferric hydroxide) produces ferrous

ion according to reaction. The ferrous ion produced reacts with hydrogen peroxide generating a

second hydroxyl radical and ferric ion, and the cycle continues;second hydroxyl radical and ferric ion, and the cycle continues;

• Efficient use of light quanta: the absorption spectrum of hydrogen peroxide does not extend

beyond 300 nm and has a low extinction coefficient beyond 250 nm. On the other hand, the

absorption spectrum of ferric ion (and/or hydroxyl ferric ions) extends to the near-UV/visible

region and has a relatively large extinction coefficient, thus enabling photo-oxidation and

mineralization even by visible light.


ORAIPL’S RESEARCH INITIATIVES IN THE FIELD OF AOP


ORAIPL’S RESEARCH DEPARTMENT

• Ozone Research and Applications (I) Pvt. Ltd. Has an in-house R & D wing at its

disposal headed by the company’s Director himself Mr. Vishal Waindeskar.

• The Lab facility is well equipped with all the instruments and chemicals needed to

carry out treatability studies in various effluents.carry out treatability studies in various effluents.

• The Research Team comprises of Post Graduates in Chemistry, Environmental

Sciences etc.

• The R & D team is on a constant pursuit to come up with innovative and cost

effective solutions for treating all sorts of wastewaters.


GRANULES INDIA LIMITED

Sr. No. Parameters Initial Final AOP Treated

1. Color (in PCU) 3460 733.3

Existing MBBR in series system failed to bring the COD or color down.

1. Color (in PCU) 3460 733.3

2. COD(in mg/l) 1240 1190

3. BOD(in mg/l) 270 990

4. Biodegradability Index (BI) OR BOD to

COD Ratio

0.21 0.83

5. Biodegradability Not easily

biodegradable

Highly Biodegradable


NAINI ETP PAPER AND PULP

Sr. No, Parameters Initial Final AOP Treated

1. Color(in PCU) 2500 200

2. COD( mg/l) 2500-3000 66


NANDED STP ( COLOR AND TDS ISSUES)

Sr. No. Parameter Initial Final AOP Treated


2. Total Dissolved Solids (in ppm) 650 450

3. Total Suspended Solids (in ppm) 50 40


HALLIBURTON SLUG CATCHER WATER


1. COD(in ppm) 1625-3600 238


RSA POLYMER SAMPLE

Gradual reduction in color from initial dark brown to light brown on treatment.


SUGAR INDUSTRY EXCESS CONDENSATE

Sr. No. Parameters Initial Observation Final Photochemical AOP Treated

Sample

1. COD (in ppm) 400 28


2. Odor Sugarcane Like

Sweet

Odorless

3. BOD (in ppm) 250-600 2-5

4. TKN(in ppm) 60 Nil

5. Total Dissolved Solids

(mg/L)

200 3000

SAMPLE PHOTO


COCA-COLA WASTEWATER

Sr. No. Parameters Initial Final AOP Treated

1. COD (Before Biological) 767 ppm 466 ppm

2. Post Treatment 300 ppm 98 ppm

3. Biodegradability Index 0.1942 Increased


DYE INDUSTRY SAMPLE


1. Color(in PCU) 940 Less Than 100


CHIPS MANU SAMPLE




VISWAAT CHEMICALS

Sr. No. Parameters Treatment Stage Without AOP AOP Treated

1. COD (in mg/l) Before Biological 9135 7520

2. BOD (in mg/l) Before Biological 2284 3397

3. Biodegradability

Index (BI) OR BOD to

Before Biological 0.25 0.451

Index (BI) OR BOD to

COD Ratio

4. Biodegradability Not Easily

Biodegradable

Easily

Biodegradable

5. COD ( in mg/l) After Biological 1316 Less than 250

(Before GAC)


DRL PHARMA CONDENSATE (UNDER RESEARCH)

Sr. No. Parameters Initial Analysis

1. Alkalinity 25,000 ppm

2. Ammoniacal Nitrogen 8000 ppm

3. Total Organic Carbon 30,000 ppm

Raw Problematic Characteristics


The objectives in this case are:

1. Improvement in the biodegradability of the condensate

2. Removal of Ammoniacal Nitrogen

3. Making the condensate amenable for anaerobic biological system

RESULTS ACHIEVED SO FAR


ORAIPL’S FIRST INSTALLATION IN AOP (CETP,

ANKLESHWAR)

• ORAIPL won its first project in Advanced Oxidation Process in the pre-treatment fora CETP for Agro-waste at Ankleshwar via Detox Corporation.

• The CETP was designed to work on Multiple Effect Evaporators, however thecondensate from the MEE contains high recalcitrant COD which is difficult todegrade by biological means since the Biodegradability Index in such waters aredegrade by biological means since the Biodegradability Index in such waters arevery low and also there might be some inherent toxicity to the biological florawhich might reduce their efficiency of BOD/COD reduction.

• Catalytic Ozonation (Ozone + Hydrogen Peroxide) was given a shot at thecondensate sample and the results achieved were highly favorable.

• After the AOP Treatment, there was an instant increase in the biodegradabilityfirstly due to the conversion of COD to BOD and secondly due to the reduction intoxicity in the effluent.


AOP RESULTS FOR THE ANKLESHWAR CETP

MEE CONDENSATE

Sr. No. Time (in minutes) BOD COD BI

1. 0 (RAW SAMPLE) 674 3427 0.18

2. 30 Minutes (Peroxone

Treated)

1060 2880 0.36

3. 45 Minutes (Peroxone 1698 2880 0.583. 45 Minutes (Peroxone

Treated)

1698 2880 0.58


Treated)

1125 3072 0.36


Treated)

1097 2880 0.38


Treated)

1141 2784 0.40


PURCHASE ORDER FOR CATALYTIC OZONATION

AT ANKLESHWAR CETP


INTRODUCING ‘INTRODUCING ‘INTRODUCING ‘INTRODUCING ‘CONPOLOXCONPOLOXCONPOLOXCONPOLOX----AOPAOPAOPAOP’’’’

(CONDENSATE POLLUTANT (CONDENSATE POLLUTANT (CONDENSATE POLLUTANT (CONDENSATE POLLUTANT

OXIDATION VIA AOP)OXIDATION VIA AOP)OXIDATION VIA AOP)OXIDATION VIA AOP)

-A PATHBREAKING PATENTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE

TREATMENT OF EXCESS SUGAR CONDENSATES AND

BIOMETHANATED SPENT WASH CONDENSATE FOR SUGAR

MILLS AND DISTILLERIESORAIPL Group Of Companies

COMMON ISSUES WITH COMMON ISSUES WITH COMMON ISSUES WITH COMMON ISSUES WITH MEEMEEMEEMEE PROCESSED PROCESSED PROCESSED PROCESSED

BIOMETHANATEDBIOMETHANATEDBIOMETHANATEDBIOMETHANATED SPENT WASH CONDENSATES AT SPENT WASH CONDENSATES AT SPENT WASH CONDENSATES AT SPENT WASH CONDENSATES AT

DISTILLERIESDISTILLERIESDISTILLERIESDISTILLERIES

• ALTHOUGH THE PROCESS CONDENSATE HAS DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS LIKE-

• LOW COD,

• LOW TDS,

• NO COLOR,

• THE CONDENSATE WATER AT HIGH TEMPERATURE CONTAINS HIGH AMOUNTS OF

AMMONIA RANGING FROM 100-7000 PPM WHICH MAKES IT DIFFICULT TO

RECYCLE WITH ITS AMMONIA LIKE SMELL

• THE HIGH CONCENTRATION OF AMMONIA RAISES THE pH OF THE CONDENSATE AS

WELL DUE TO THE BUFFERING ACTION OF NH3.


THE CURIOUS CASE OF EXCESS SUGAR THE CURIOUS CASE OF EXCESS SUGAR THE CURIOUS CASE OF EXCESS SUGAR THE CURIOUS CASE OF EXCESS SUGAR

CONDENSATES AT SUGAR MILLSCONDENSATES AT SUGAR MILLSCONDENSATES AT SUGAR MILLSCONDENSATES AT SUGAR MILLS

• EXCESS SUGAR CONDENSATES WHICH ARE GENERATED FROM EVAPORATOR PANS

HAVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS:

• HIGH VOLATILE ACIDS• HIGH VOLATILE ACIDS

• HIGH BOD

• HIGH COD

• CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF TKN (TOTAL KJELDAHL NITROGEN)

• SWEET ODOR


WHY CAN’T THIS CONDENSATE WATER BE WHY CAN’T THIS CONDENSATE WATER BE WHY CAN’T THIS CONDENSATE WATER BE WHY CAN’T THIS CONDENSATE WATER BE

REUSED?REUSED?REUSED?REUSED?

� AMMONIACAL SMELL

� BLACKISH COLOR OF THE WATER.

� MICROBIOLOGICAL GROWTH.

� CORROSION ISSUES� CORROSION ISSUES

� NOT SUITABLE FOR FERMENTATION

� NOT SUITABLE FOR COOLING TOWER MAKE UP

� HIGH BOD AND COD (IN CASE OF EXCESS SUGAR CONDENSATES)

UNLESS THE AMMONIA PRESENT IN THE CONDENSATE STREAM IS REMOVED OR THE

HIGH BOD AND COD VALUES IN CASE OF EXCESS SUGAR CONDENSATE ARE

ADDRESSED, THIS WATER CANNOT BE RECYCLED.


CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT METHODS FOR CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT METHODS FOR CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT METHODS FOR CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT METHODS FOR

AMMONIA REMOVALAMMONIA REMOVALAMMONIA REMOVALAMMONIA REMOVAL

• BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION AND DE-NITRIFICATION.

• ION EXCHANGE,

• MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY, • MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY,

• GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON FILTRATION,

• STEAM STRIPPING,

• AIR STRIPPING AND

• VARIOUS COMBINATIONS OF ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES


WHY DO CONVENTIONAL METHODS FAIL?WHY DO CONVENTIONAL METHODS FAIL?WHY DO CONVENTIONAL METHODS FAIL?WHY DO CONVENTIONAL METHODS FAIL?

• FAILURE IN ACHIEVING THE DESIRED AMOUNT OF AMMONIA REMOVAL.

• ADD SECONDARY POLLUTANTS TO THE WASTEWATERS IN THE FORM OF

INCREASED TDS OR OTHER ORGANIC OR INORGANIC LOAD.INCREASED TDS OR OTHER ORGANIC OR INORGANIC LOAD.

• VERY SLOW AND REQUIRE HIGH CAPITAL INVESTMENT.

• COST OF STEAM

• COST OF ACID ADDITION TO NEUTRALIZE THE INCREASED PH

• COST OF MEMBRANE REPLACEMENT


THE PERFECT SOLUTION TO THE AMMONIA THE PERFECT SOLUTION TO THE AMMONIA THE PERFECT SOLUTION TO THE AMMONIA THE PERFECT SOLUTION TO THE AMMONIA

MENACE MENACE MENACE MENACE

‘Catalytic OzonationBased Condensate


‘Catalytic OzonationBased Condensate

Pollutant Oxidation (CONPOLOX-AOP)’

HOW DOES HOW DOES HOW DOES HOW DOES CONPOLOXCONPOLOXCONPOLOXCONPOLOX----AOPAOPAOPAOP WORK?WORK?WORK?WORK?

• Ozone is applied with a proprietary catalyst to degrade the various pollutants in the

condensate water.

• Combination of ozone and catalyst is introduced into the condensate at its outlet • Combination of ozone and catalyst is introduced into the condensate at its outlet

temperature from Evaporation.

• High temperature of the condensate, facilitates the reaction between Patented

Chemical for CONPOLOX-AOP and removes of the pollutants in much shorter time

period.


THE BENEFITSTHE BENEFITSTHE BENEFITSTHE BENEFITS

�100% removal of Ammonia in Biomethanated Spent Wash Condensate.

�95 % reduction in COD, BOD, Volatile Acids and TKN for Excess Sugar CondensateExcess Sugar Condensate

� NO Acid Addition� NO Steam Consumption� NO Microbiological Sludge� NO Civil Tanks And Foundations


HIGHLIGHTS OF HIGHLIGHTS OF HIGHLIGHTS OF HIGHLIGHTS OF CONPLOXCONPLOXCONPLOXCONPLOX----AOPAOPAOPAOP IN ACTION IN ACTION IN ACTION IN ACTION

AT AT AT AT ABABABAB MAURIMAURIMAURIMAURI, , , , CHIPLUNCHIPLUNCHIPLUNCHIPLUN

TIME (IN

HOURS)

TEMPERATURE

(IN DEG CELSIUS)

pH TDS

(IN

PPM)

AMMONIA

CONTENT ( IN

PPM)

%

REDUCTION

NITRATE

(IN MG/L)

0 32 8.9 200 540 0 NA

1 80 9 200 193 64 8.21 80 9 200 193 64 8.2

2 80 8.72 400 120 77 8.7

3 80 8.52 200 81 85 4.8

4 80 8.1 200 44 92 6.9

5 80 7.3 200 25 95 83

6 80 7 200 11 97.96 7


CONPOLOXCONPOLOXCONPOLOXCONPOLOX----AOP FOR EXCESS SUGAR AOP FOR EXCESS SUGAR AOP FOR EXCESS SUGAR AOP FOR EXCESS SUGAR

CONDENSATESCONDENSATESCONDENSATESCONDENSATES

Sr.

No.

Parameters Initial

Observation

Final Treated Sample % REDUCTION


No. Observation

1. COD (in ppm) 400 28 93

2. Odor Sugarcane

Like Sweet

Odorless

3. BOD (in ppm) 250-600 2-5 99

4. TKN(in ppm) 60 Nil 100

PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKINGPERFORMANCE BENCHMARKINGPERFORMANCE BENCHMARKINGPERFORMANCE BENCHMARKING

� AB Mauri, Chiplun( Maharashtra): for Ammonia Removal

from Biomethanated Spent Wash Condensate.

� Ugar Sugars and Hiranyakeshi Sugar Factories : Samples of � Ugar Sugars and Hiranyakeshi Sugar Factories : Samples of

excess sugar condensates.

� And Look forward for your permission for presenting and

demonstrating CONPOLOX-AOP technology in depth at

[Client’s NAME]


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We thank you for taking out time to go through our work. For more information,

please visit our website at www.oraipl.com.

For any queries email us at [email protected] ,

[email protected], [email protected].

Contact us at 0712-2551055, 2528262, 07104-235783

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