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CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS OF WOLF (CANIS LUPUS) POPULATION IN SLOVENIA

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Page 1: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF

CONSERVATION STATUS OF WOLF (CANIS

LUPUS) POPULATION IN SLOVENIA

Page 2: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

PROJECT LOCATION: permanent and sporadic occurence of

wolves in Slovenia

BUDGET INFO:

Total amount: 1,017,773 €

% EC Co-funding: 70.92 %

DURATION: Start: 01/01/2010 – End: 31/12/2013

PROJECT’S IMPLEMENTATORS:

Coordinating Beneficiary: University of Ljubljana

Associated Beneficiaries: Slovenian Forest Service and

Dinaricum Society

Page 3: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

BACKGROUND & MAIN GOAL OF THE PROJECT:

The project targets at facilitating long-term conservation of wolves, their prey base and their habitats in Slovenia, and

their co-existence with humans.

Page 4: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

1. ELABORATION OF THE WOLF POPULATION ACTION PLAN

- 5 facilitated workshops for the development of the action plan

- Open process – invited all interest groups

- Transboundary component – wolf experts and decision-makers from Croatia also participated

Page 5: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

22.0

13.4

10.2

27.6

26.8

19.7

12.9

15.9

26.5

25.0

5.0

6.8

1.8

19.6

66.7

2.9

5.4

3.4

19.1

69.1

5.6

7.7

5.0

19.8

61.9

5.2

5.2

8.4

21.3

59.9

Obm. SP Obm. OP

1 –Completely disagree

2

3

5 – Completely agree

4

FARMERS HUNTERS GENERAL PUBLIC

% w

ithin

area PA OA

2. ANALYSIS OF ATTITUDES TOWARD WOLVES AND WOLF

MANAGEMENT

„It is important to maintain wolf population in Slovenia for future generations.“

Page 6: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

1. Field-collected spatial and demographic parameters

(HOWLING , SNOWTRACKING)

2. Examination and analyses of dead wolves

3. Conservation status – non-invasive genetics

4. GPS – GSM telemetry

3. ESTABLISHMENT OF SURVEILLANCE OF WOLF POPULATION

CONSERVATION STATUS

Page 7: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

The method was and will be used to obtain data on territorial packs/pairs and reproduction events - litters.

3. 1 Howling tests

Page 8: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

pups & adults

pups

2 or more adults

one wolf

3. 1.1 Howling tests – example: results from year 2012

Page 9: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

• obtain data on wolf distribution

• data on distribution of packs

• winter pack sizes

• characteristics of wolves‘ movements

• non-invasive genetic samples

• (analyses of prey remains)

3. 2 Snowtracking

Page 10: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

Objectives:

1. Abundance and population dynamics.

2. Pack social structure + dynamics, territories.

3. Damage assesment – who dunnit?

4. Wolf-dog interactions.

5. Population genetics.

3. 3 Genetic monitoring of the wolves

Page 11: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

recorded (!) mortality 2010-11

recorded (!) mortality 2011-12

Estimate 11-12 Estimate 10-11

SLO

SLO +transboundary packs

October 2010: Slo+GK = 49 (43-58) Slo = 41 (35-50)

March 2011: Slo+GK = 37 (31-46) Slo = 31 (25-40)

October 2011: Slo+GK = 47 (44-51) Slo = 41 (38-45)

March 2012: Slo+GK = 35 (32-39) Slo = 31 (28-35)

reproduction + immigration parentage analysis – teasing apart

fecundity and immigration (ongoing) N

um

be

r o

f w

olv

es

Date

3.3.1 Number of wolves in Slovenia 2010-2012

Page 12: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

In many packs wolves have more than one partner. -Not finished yet… to do: • proportion of losses of reproductive animals • undetected loss of reproductive animals

(poaching or background mortality)

3.3.2 Pack dynamics (example)

Page 13: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

Some suspected hybrids.

Currently being re-assessed with a considerable higher number of markers (35 vs. 11)

Reference Wolves Reference Dogs Unknown

Suspect hybrids?

3.3.3 Wolf-dog hybrization

Page 14: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

Introduced through SloWolf, now a routine procedure for all suspect damage cases (funded by the competent ministry) Non-negligible proportionof domestic dogs detected (preliminary analysis ~17% of cases, mostly at the killing wound). Some collection bias.

3.3.4 Predator damage species indentification

Page 15: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

Slavc, 40 kg, 17.7.2011-27.8.2012 Dispersed to Italy

Brin, 38 kg 13.4.2010 - 20.10.2010 (legally shot)

Luka, 26 kg, 27.8.2011 –15.5.2012 Signal lost (car accident)

Vojko, 39 kg 6.5.2011 – 26.9.2011 Signal lost (poaching?)

Tia, 30 kg 5.7.2012-22.9.2012 Legally shot

Tonka, 33 kg 18.5.2012-18.9.2012 Signal lost (poaching)

3.4 SURVEILLANCE OF INDIVIDUAL WOLVES USING GPS-GSM

TELEMETRY: 2010-2012

Page 16: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

WOLF

DATE

CAPTURE DESTINY

BRIN 13.4.2010 20.10.2010 legally shot

VOJKO 6.5.2011 26.9.2011 signal lost (probable poaching)

SLAVC 17.7.2011 27.8.2012 drop-off, emigration to Italy, still alive

LUKA 27.8.2011 15.5.2012 signal lost (car accident; probably still alive)

TONKA 18.5.2012 18.9.2012 signal lost (poaching)

TIA 5.7.2012 22.9.2012 legally shot

JASNA 15.8.2013 Collar active

DESTINIES OF WOLVES RADIOCOLLARED WITHIN SLOWOLF

Page 17: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

66 prey remains located

3.4.1 GPS-GSM telemetry – locating prey remains

Page 18: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

3.4.2 GPS-GSM telemetry – locating dens, pup mortality

Page 19: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

Pathoanatomy

Pathohistology

Parasitology

Bacteriology

Virology

3.5 EXAMINATION & ANALYSIS OF DEAD WOLVES

Page 20: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

The idea…

• To harness the power of Internet and public interest for wolves for collecting monitoring data.

• To facilitate data sharing and exchange between experts.

• To disseminate information about wolf presence to the interested public.

3.6 THE WOLF MONITORING PORTAL

Page 21: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

- Assessment of wolf natural prey base in Slovenia (pellet group+cull data) - Impacts of the wolves on pop. dynamics of ungulates - Integration of the wolves in ungulate management

4 WOLF HABITAT: MANAGEMENT OF PREY SPECIES

Page 22: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

NO.OF

CASES

NO. OF

CLAIM. VALUE

VALUE

%

VALUE %

CUMULATIVE

> 50 1 28965 EUR 11 % /

20 – 50 3 45418 EUR 18 % 29 %

10 – 20 3 31015 EUR 12 % 42 %

5 – 10 11 39138 EUR 15 % 57 %

2 – 5 35 69841 EUR 28 % 84 %

1 53 39451 EUR 16 % 100 %

TOTAL 106 253828 EUR 100 % /

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 16

31

46

61

76

91

10

6

12

1

13

6

15

1

16

6

18

1

19

6

21

1

22

6

24

1

25

6

27

1

28

6

30

1

31

6% Š

KO

DN

IH P

RIM

ERO

V (

št.)

ŠT. UPRAVIČENCEV

ŠT. UPRAVIČENCEV - % ŠKODNIH PRIMEROV

Podatki za leto 2009

NO. OF CLAIMENTS - % OF DAMAGE CASES

ŠT. OVAC V SLO 1992 - 2009

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009

LETO

ŠT

. O

VA

C

5 WOLF DAMAGES TO AGRICULTURE

5.1 ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES

Page 23: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

5 WOLF DAMAGES TO AGRICULTURE

5.2 Training seminar for damage inspectors, handbook for

damage inspection

Page 24: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

5 WOLF DAMAGES TO AGRICULTURE

5.3 Training of agriculture advisory service in damage prevention

measures

Page 25: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

5 WOLF DAMAGES TO AGRICULTURE

5.4 Best practice demonstration of damage prevention measures

Page 26: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

6 PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION CAMPAIGN ABOUT

WOLVES ON NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVEL

Page 27: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

6.1 Promotion of coexistence of wolves with agriculture

Page 28: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

6.2 Education campaign on wolves for hunters in wolf areas

Page 29: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

6.3 Project web page & facebook

VISITS TO THE WEB PAGE: Web page traffic is monitored since October 15, 2010 (using Google Page Analytics) Oct. 6th 2012 – Oct. 6th 2013 22,444 visits - 51% new visits.

- Average time of a visit: 3 min 14 sek. - Countries with the most visits: Slovenia, Italy, Croatia, …

Page 30: CONSERVATION AND SURVEILLANCE OF CONSERVATION STATUS … · conservation and surveillance of conservation status of wolf (canis lupus) population in slovenia

25 – 27 September, Postojna, Slovenia

Conference opening: Slovene minister of Agriculture and the Environment Mr. Židan and a video-conference by Commissioner Potočnik 188 participants from 22 countries registered 164 participated

2 days of lectures in 5 topics (33 lectures; 29 poster presentations) - WOLF SOCIOBIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY - POPULATION MONITORING - GENETICS AND MOLECULAR ECOLOGY - CONFLICT MITIGATION AND RESOLUTION - WOLVES AND HUMAN ATTITUDES

2 workshops

Printed book of abstracts

1 day excursion in wolf habitat

Networking with LIFE WolfNet (Italy)

7 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE: WOLF CONSERVATION IN

HUMAN DOMINATED LANDSCAPES