conservation biological control of insect pests biocontrol.pdfspatial & landscape ecology,...
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Conservation Biological Control of Insect
Pests
Jesusa C. LegaspiUSDA, ARS, CMAVEFAMU - Center for Biological ControlTallahassee, Florida
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Nymph SLWF
Adult SLWF
Silverleaf Whitefly (SLWF) – Bemisia argentifolii
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Silverleaf Whitefly and Infestation
D. Riley
S. Bauer
D. Riley
Bugwood.org
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Spatial & landscape
ecology, biological
control of invasive
pests
Basic biology, gross
physiology, field
ecology - insect pests
of vegetables,
horticultural crops
IPM in Florida
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Research Highlights - Whitefly
◼ Determined parasite complex of SLWF after biological control program in Florida in the 1990’s.
◼ Whitefly populations increased during the fall
◼ Species of Encarsia and Eretmocerus parasites more abundant in nightshade and yellow primrose weeds
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Research Highlights –
ornamental pests◼ Effects of alternative landscape
design and management on pest and beneficial insect species diversity in residential areas in North Florida
◼ Increased plant species diversity correlated with increasing predator abundance while pest numbers decreased
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Research Highlights – thrips
• Evaluate effect of intercropping -
augment predators to suppress
thrips pests
• Double quick orange sunflower
variety - most attractive to Orius
predator and thrips pests.
• Sunflower intercropped with bell
peppers acted as sink for Orius and
thrips.
• Sunflower may be used as trap crop
to reduce thrips in multiple cropping
systems.
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◼ “Push –pull” – SLWF pest olfactometer lab test / ethovision software – 2 mustard plant var., arugula, plant oils – arrested behavior in giant red mustard, arugula; repellency in Caliente mustard var. and mustard oil
◼ Field tests – refuge plants -sweet alyssum intercropped with broccoli and kale; malaise traps - preda-lure to attract hoverfly predators of whiteflies and aphids
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Sustainable / Organic Management of Pests
◼ Push-pull strategies – “pull” –
population studies of predators –
hoverflies, ladybeetles - refuge
plants – annuals - sweet alyssum,
Queen Anne’s lace, buckwheat,
yarrow; perennials – blue mist
flower, lesser snakeroot, dotted
horsemint
◼ Cover crops – buckwheat, rye
grass, sunnhemp – attract
beneficial insects, enhance soil
nutrients, reduce weeds
◼ Olfactometer - test repellency of
mustard oils – potential repellent
compounds - oleic acid, linoleic
acid – study whitefly behavior
using ethovision software
Delphastus catalinae
Buckwheat cover crop
Rye grass cover crop
Perennial plants Annual plants
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Sustainable / Organic Management of Pests
◼ Attractive Flowering Plants
- Hoverflies
- Tachinid Flies
- Parasitoid Wasps
◼ Trap Crops
annual plants
Sweet Alyssum
Blue Hubbard squash
Squash Bug
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Sustainable / Organic Management of Pests
Predator Work:
Delphastus catalinae
Spined Soldier BugPodisusmaculiventris
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Annual / perennial plants, USDA-ARS demonstration vegetable field plots, Summer 2017, Tallahassee, Florida
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Demonstrating border perennial weeds / flowering plants to increase and maintain beneficial pollinators / natural biocontrol insects – USDA, ARS-CMAVE, Tallahassee, Florida, summer 2017
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Demonstrating annual / perennial plants to increase beneficial insects, vegetable field plots, USDA-ARS-CMAVE, Summer 2017, Tallahassee, Florida
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Demonstrating boxed perennial weeds and flowering plants to increase / maintain beneficial pollinators and natural biocontrol insects – outside USDA, ARS-CMAVE labs., Tallahassee, Florida
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Demonstrating boxed annual / perennial weeds / flowering plants to increase / maintain beneficial pollinators / natural biocontrol insects –outside USDA, ARS-CMAVE labs., Tallahassee, Florida, Summer 2017
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Isabela
Benguet
The Philippines
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Border flowering plants (marigold, zinnias, etc.) toincrease beneficial insects
near cacao and coconut trees, Isabela State University (ISU), Echague, Isabela,Philippines, June 2017
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Border flowering plants near cacao and coconut trees –ISU campus, Echague, Isabela, Philippines, June 2017
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Fall 2017 – intercrop sweet alyssum, collards, cilantro, giant red mustard
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Small Farm Field Day, FAMU, Quincy, FL – June 9, 2018
High tunnels, tropical screenhouse / joint – UF, Univ. of GA, FAMU, OREI project
Intercrop flowering plants, mustard greens, buckwheat cover crop
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◼ USDA, ARS
◼ Ignacio Baez
◼ Neil Miller
◼ Susan Vaughn
◼ Marcus Edwards
◼ UF, UG, FAMU
OREI (USDA-NIFA)
◼FAMU
◼ Danielle Wolaver
◼ Lambert Kanga
◼ Muhammad Haseeb
◼ Jermaine Perier
◼ Albertha Parkins
◼ Tashani Brown
◼ Donna Arnold
◼ James Johnson
◼ Jose Jimenez
◼De La Salle University, Philippines
◼ D. Amalin
◼ J. Carandang VI
◼ M. Flores
Acknowledgements