conservation - umd · 2018. 2. 20. · conservation? 60% federal government: pittman-robertson,...
TRANSCRIPT
Conservation
Jonathan A. McKnightMaryland Department of Natural ResourcesWildlife and Heritage Service
It’s a BIG CONCEPT
“Take a full semester course and make it fit in 1.5 hours.”
Inspirational quote #1
Mandatory homage to dead guys
Part I
Gifford Pinchot
John Muir
Teddy Roosevelt
Aldo Leopold
Lacey Act 1900
Migratory Bird Treaty Act1918
Roosevelt Administration Policies
Part II: Conservation Law
Pittman Robertson Act 1937
Dingell Johnson Act 1950
Wilderness Act 1964
Endangered Species Act 1966
Clean Air Act 1970
Clean Water Act 1977
Conservation is Forever
TerrestrialVS
Aquatic
Natural Resource Conservation
Part III: Aquatic Systems:
Owned by nations or states or not
Managed by laws, treaties, coalitions
Conservation unit is usually the species or population (stock)
“Tragedy of the Commons”
Fishing down the food chain
1957
Ca. 1970
Mid 1970’s
Ca. 1980
2000’s
The holy grail of fishery management is
Maximum Sustained Yield
Fisheries Management
Plan
Fisheries Management Strategies
Catch Shares
Limited Entry
Marine Sanctuaries
Gear Restrictions
Effort Limits
Gamefish Status
Patagonian
Toothfish
Slimer
Sustainability
Terrestrial SystemsPart IV:
• Owned by individuals or corporations (including govt.)
• Protected in constitutional law
• Regulated by government
• Tangible
Real Estate
Real Property:• Development Rights
• Water Rights
• Timber Rights
• Grazing Rights
• Rights-of-way
• Mineral Rights
• Derivative Rights (land rents)
• Right of exclusion
Other rights that may or may not convey with property:
Air Rights
Polluting Rights
Wildlife
Development Rights???
ZONINGZoning and valuation
Grandfathering
Home Rule
Conservation is forever
Tax CodeAgricultural status
Easement valuation
“Acquisition is the purest form of conservation”
Inspirational quote #2
Inspirational quote #3
Acquisition is:
• Complicated
• Difficult
• Expensive
• Insufficient
Conservation Scale
Devil’s Hole
Pupfish
Conservation Easements
ProscriptiveVs.
Prescriptive
Land Trusts
Species Listing:
Rare
In need of conservation
Threatened
Endangered
Part V: Randomness
What is the appropriate unit for measuring natural resource conservation?
• Species?
• Landings?
• Plants/animals?
• Biomass?
• Acres?
• Pounds?
Who pays for Natural Resources conservation?
60% Federal Government: Pittman-Robertson, Wallop-Breaux, Dingell-Johnson, Agency budgets, Farm Bill, state wildlife grants, duck stamps
29% State and Local Government: General funds, special taxes, hunting licenses, tax donations, cooperative efforts
11% Non-Profits and Industry
Conservation Status (Maryland)
Park, Forest, Wildlife Management Area
Wildland
State Natural Area
Population