construction safety lecture-2

CONSTRUCTION SAFETY AND HEALTH

King Saud UniversityEngineering College

Civil Engineering Department

Presented byDr. Khalid Al-Dafer

Construction Safety and Health

Outline

Construction Safety Training Video

Basic Safety Philosophy for Success

Environmental Health in Construction

OSHA Standards

Construction Hazards

Construction Hazards

Potential hazards for workers in construction

Falls (from heights)

Trench collapse

Scaffold collapse Electric shock

Failure to use proper personal protective equipment

Repetitive motion injuries

OSHA Standards

Scaffolding Fall Protection Ladders Stairways

OSHA Most Frequently Cited Standards that must be Checked include:

Head Protection Cranes Trenching

OSHA Standards

Scaffolding

Hazard

- Fall hazards

- Collapse hazards

Solutions

-Scaffold must be sound, rigid and sufficient to carry its own weight plus four times the maximum intended load.

- Unstable objects, such as barrels or boxes must not be used to support scaffolds or planks.

OSHA Standards

Scaffolding

Solutions

- Scaffold must not be erected except under the supervision of a competent person.

-Scaffold must be equipped with guardrails

-Scaffolds must be at least 10 feet from electric power lines at all times.

OSHA Standards

Fall Protection

Hazard

Each year, falls consistently account for the greatest number of fatalities in the construction industry.

Solutions

Consider using aerial lifts or elevated platforms

Erect guardrail systems with toe boards and warning lines

OSHA Standards

Fall Protection

Solutions

Cover floor holes

Use safety net systems

Use personal fall arrest systems (body harnesses)

OSHA Standards

Ladders

Hazard

Ladders and stairways are another source of injuries and fatalities among construction workers.

Solutions

Use the correct ladder for the task.

Have a competent person visually inspect a ladder before use for any defects.

OSHA Standards

Ladders

Solutions

Make sure that ladders are long enough to safely reach the work area.

Never load ladders beyond the maximum intended load

Avoid using ladders with metallic components near electrical work

OSHA Standards

Stairways

Hazard

Slips, trips and falls on stairways area major source of injuries and fatalities among construction workers.

Solutions

Stairway treads and walkways must be free of dangerous objects, debris and materials.

Stairways having four or more risers or rising more than 30 inches must have at least one handrail.

OSHA Standards

Trenching

Hazard

Trench collapses cause dozens of fatalities and hundreds of injuries each year.

Solutions

Never enter an unprotected trench.

Always use a protective system for trenches 5 feet deep or greater.

OSHA Standards

Trenching

Solutions

Employ a registered professional engineer to design a protective system for trenches 20 feet deep or greater.

Always provide a way to exit a trench—such as a ladder, stairway

Make sure that trenches are inspected by a competent person prior to entry and after any hazard-increasing event

OSHA Standards

Cranes

Hazard

Significant and serious injuries may occur if cranes are not inspected before use and if they are not used properly.

Solutions

Check all crane controls to insure proper operation before use.

Inspect wire rope, chains and hook for any damage.

OSHA Standards

Cranes

Solutions

Know the weight of the load that the crane is to lift.

Ensure that the load does not exceed the crane’s rated capacity.

Raise the load a few inches to verify balance and the effectiveness of the brake system.

OSHA Standards

Cranes

Solutions

Do not move a load over workers.

Barricade accessible areas within the crane’s swing radius.

Watch for overhead electrical distribution and transmission lines and maintain a safe working clearance of at least 10 feet from energized electrical lines.

OSHA Standards

Head Protection

Hazard

Serious head injuries can result from blows to the head.

Solutions

Be sure that workers wear hard hats


Noise Dust Radiation

Toxic Materials Heat Cold




Cab enclosures can be used on construction equipment to protect equipment operators from equipment noise.

The use of such enclosures has necessitated improved equipment instrumentation to enable the operator to determine whether the machine is operating properly without depending on the sound of the equipment's operation.




Although the use of operator enclosures permits an improved operator environment, it also creates a safety hazard, because it is difficult for workers outside the enclosures to communicate with the equipment operator.

As a result, increased attention must be given to the use of guides, backup alarms, and hand signals if accidents are to be avoided.



Toxic Materials

In addition to creating a safety hazard due to loss of visibility, dust may be responsible for a number of lung diseases.

Silica dust and asbestos dust are particularly dangerous and produce specific lung diseases (asbestosis and silicosis).

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

Asbestos dust has also been found to be a cancer-producing agent. As a result, OSHA safety and health standards limit the concentration of dust to which workers may be exposed.

The allowable concentration of asbestos particles is, as you might expect, quite low.

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

Ionizing radiation is produced by X-ray equipment and by radioactive material.

Such radiation may be present on the construction site when X-raying welds, measuring soil density, or performing nondestructive materials testing.

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

only well-trained employees should be permitted to operate such equipment.

Workers must be provided anti laser eye protection when working in areas having a potential exposure to laser light output greater than 5 mW.

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

Construction workers may accidentally encounter toxic materials at any time, particularly on reconstruction projects.

Every effort must be made to locate and properly protect utility lines during excavation operations.

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

The air in a work area should be tested whenever an oxygen deficiency or toxic gas is likely to be encountered.

Specific safety procedures and protective equipment should be provided if hazardous liquids or solids are likely to be encountered.

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

Construction workers are often required to work under high-temperature conditions.

Fortunately, the human body will acclimate itself to high-temperature conditions within a period of 7 to 10 days.

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

serious heat illness may result when workers are not properly acclimated and protected. Medical effects range from fatal heat stroke to minor heat fatigue.

It is particularly important to health that the body's water and salt levels be maintained.

Heat Cold



Toxic Materials

Methods for reducing heat effect on workers include:

- use of mechanical equipment to reduce physical labor requirements,

- scheduling hot work for the cooler part of the day,

- use of sun shields, providing cool rest areas [optimum temperatures about 77°F (25°C)],

- providing a water and salt supply easily accessible to workers, and

-use of proper hot-weather clothing.

Heat Cold




Medical effects of cold include:

-frostbite,

-trench foot,

-general hypothermia (reduction of the core body temperature).

General hypothermia is usually fatal when the body core temperature drops below 65°F (18°C).




The major requirement for successful cold-weather construction appears to be the provision of adequate clothing and warming areas.

The use of bulky cold-weather clothing, however, reduces manual dexterity and may increase the possibility of accidents.

Basic Safety philosophy for Success


All accidents are preventable.

No job is worth getting hurt for.

Every job will be done safely.

Incidents can be managed.

Safety is everyone’s responsibility.

Continuous improvement.

Safety as a “way of life” for 24 hours/day

Basic Safety Philosophy for Success


All individuals have the responsibility and accountability to identify eliminate or manage risks associated with their workplace

Legal obligations will be the minimum requirements fro our health & safety standards

Individual will be trained and equipped to have the skills and facilities to ensure an accident free workplace


Introduction

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEMeSRUHeAA&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Personal Protective Equipment

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hl0BfF30tlA&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Fall Protection

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adI_Um93xtw&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Elevated Work Platforms

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hM81CTGvwd8&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Material Handling and Storage

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hM81CTGvwd8&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Power Tools and Electrical Safety

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXgahxgTJUQ&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Haz-Com Program

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MUGfIQ4f1U&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Fire Protection

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tnYyDTRHIo&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF


Conclusion

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1onBOOzopQ&list=PLE0E1940A2726E4AF

construction safety lecture-2

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