consumer price index australia · 2019-03-04 · you provide to the abs. privacy any discrepancies...

2.00.5Weighted median

1.90.5Trimmed mean

1.90.5All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted

CPI analytical series

1.00.3Insurance and financial services

2.62.6Education

0.6–0.7Recreation and culture

–3.4–0.4Communication

2.91.1Transport

4.22.2Health

–0.1–0.4Furnishings, household equipment and services

3.30.7Housing

–3.5–2.0Clothing and footwear

7.00.7Alcohol and tobacco

0.50.5Food and non–alcoholic beverages

1.90.4All groups CPI

% change% change

Mar Qtr 2017 toMar Qtr 2018

Dec Qtr 2017 toMar Qtr 2018

W E I G H T E D A V E R A G E O F E I G H TC A P I T A L C I T I E S

K E Y F I G U R E S

T H E A L L G R O U P S C P I

! rose 0.4% this quarter, compared with a rise of 0.6% in the December quarter 2017.

! rose 1.9% over the twelve months to the March quarter 2018, compared with a rise of

1.9% over the twelve months to the December quarter 2017.

O V E R V I E W O F C P I M O V E M E N T S

! The most significant price rises this quarter are secondary education (+3.3%), gas and

other household fuels (+6.0%), pharmaceutical products (+5.6%), vegetables (+3.7%)

and medical and hospital services (+1.5%).

! The most significant offsetting price falls this quarter are international holiday travel and

accommodation (-2.4%), audio, visual, and computing media and services (-6.1%), and

furniture (-2.8%).

K E Y P O I N T S

E M B A R G O : 1 1 . 3 0 A M ( C A N B E R R A T I M E ) T U E S 2 4 A P R 2 0 1 8

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX A U S T R A L I A

6401.0M A R C H Q U A R T E R 2 0 1 8

For further informationabout these and relatedstatistics, contact theNational Information andReferral Service on1300 135 070.

All Groups CPIQuarterly change

Mar2009

Mar2012

Mar2015

Mar2018

%

–0.5

0

0.5

1.0

1.5

Contribution to quarterly change

All groups CPIF. & n–a.b.

A. & t.C. & f.

HousingF.,h.e & s.

HealthTransp.Comm.R. & c.Educ.

I. & f.s.

–0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6Index points

I N Q U I R I E S

w w w . a b s . g o v . a u

24 April 2019March 2019

30 January 2019December 2018

31 October 2018September 2018

25 July 2018June 2018

RELEASE DATEISSUE (Quarter)FO R T H C O M I N G I S S U E S

The ABS Privacy Policy outlines how the ABS will handle any personal information that

you provide to the ABS.

PR I V A C Y

Any discrepancies between totals and sums of components in this publication are due to

rounding.

RO U N D I N G

not elsewhere classifiedn.e.c.

Consumer Price IndexCPI

Australian Bureau of StatisticsABSAB B R E V I A T I O N S

Da v i d W . Ka l i s c h

Au s t r a l i a n S t a t i s t i c i a n

2 A B S • CO N S U M E R P R I C E I N D E X • 6 4 0 1 . 0 • MA R QT R 2 0 1 8

N O T E S

The main contributors to the rise in the transport group this quarter are motor vehicles

(+1.4%) and automotive fuel (+0.9%).

The following graph shows the pattern of the average daily prices for unleaded petrol for

the eight capital cities over the last fifteen months.

TR A N S P O R T GR O U P

(+ 1 . 1 % )

The main contributors to the rise in the housing group this quarter are gas and other

household fuels (+6.0%), electricity (+1.8%), new dwelling purchase by

owner-occupiers (+0.5%) and rents (+0.2%). The rise in gas and other household fuels

and electricity is driven by increases in wholesale prices. The rise in new dwelling

purchase by owner-occupiers is driven by rises in the price of inputs.

Over the last twelve months, the housing group rose 3.3%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the housing group rose 0.8% this quarter. The main

contributor to the rise is electricity (+1.9%).

HO U S I N G GR O U P (+ 0 . 7 % )

All groups CPIFood and non-alcoholic beverages

Alcohol and tobaccoClothing and footwear

HousingFurnishings, household equipment and services

HealthTransport

CommunicationRecreation and culture

EducationInsurance and financial services

–2 –1 0 1 2 3%

WEIGHTED AVERAGE OF EIGHT CAPITAL CIT IES, Percen tage changefrom prev ious quar te r

The discussion of the CPI groups below is ordered in terms of their absolute significance

to the change in All groups index points for the quarter (see Tables 6 and 7). Unless

otherwise stated, the analysis is in original terms.

CP I GR O U P S

MA I N CO N T R I B U T O R S TO CH A N G E

A B S • CO N S U M E R P R I C E I N D E X • 6 4 0 1 . 0 • MA R QT R 2 0 1 8 3

M A I N C O N T R I B U T O R S T O C H A N G E

The main contributor to the rise in the food and non-alcoholic beverages group this

quarter is vegetables (+3.7%). The rise in vegetable prices is due to adverse weather

conditions in major growing areas, impacting supply. The rise is partially offset by a fall in

fruit (-2.7%) due to price falls for seasonally available fruits such as plums, peaches,

nectarines, watermelons, rockmelons and grapes.

Over the last twelve months, the food and non-alcoholic beverages group rose 0.5%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the food and non-alcoholic beverages group rose 0.7% this

quarter. The main contributor to the rise is fruit (+4.6%).

FO O D AN D

NO N - A L C O H O L I C

BE V E R A G E S GR O U P

(+ 0 . 5 % )

The main contributors to the rise in the health group this quarter are pharmaceutical

products (+5.6%) and medical and hospital services (+1.5%). These rises are a result of

the cyclical reduction in the proportion of consumers who qualify for subsidies under

the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and Medicare Benefits Scheme (MBS), as well

as the co-payment indexation for PBS. The safety net threshold amount for both the PBS

and MBS are reset on 1 January each year, and the co-payment indexation for PBS is

scheduled on the same date.

Over the last twelve months, the health group rose 4.2%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the health group rose 0.8% this quarter. The main

contributor to the rise is medical and hospital services (+1.1%).

HE A L T H GR O U P (+ 2 . 2 % )

The main contributors to the rise in the education group this quarter are secondary

education (+3.3%) and preschool and primary education (+3.2%) following the

commencement of the new school year.

Over the last twelve months, the education group rose 2.6%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the education group fell 0.5% this quarter. The main

contributor to the fall is tertiary education (-1.5%).

ED U C A T I O N GR O U P

(+ 2 . 6 % )

Over the twelve months, the transport group rose 2.9%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the transport group rose 0.9% this quarter. The main

contributor to the rise is automotive fuel (+0.9%).

Mar 17 Jun 17 Sep 17 Dec 17 Mar 18Quarter

cents

110

120

130

140

150Daily averageQuarterly average

AVERAGE PRICE OF UNLEADED PETROL (91 OCTANE) , cents per l i t reTR A N S P O R T GR O U P

(+ 1 . 1 % ) continued


M A I N C O N T R I B U T O R S T O C H A N G E continued

The main contributor to the fall in the communication group this quarter is

telecommunication equipment and services (-0.4%).

CO M M U N I C A T I O N GR O U P

( - 0 . 4 % )

The main contributor to the fall in the furnishings, household equipment and services

group this quarter is furniture (-2.8%) due to ongoing competition and continued

discounting activity in the retail industry.

Over the last twelve months, the furnishings, household equipment and services group

fell 0.1%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the furnishings, household equipment and services group

rose 0.4% this quarter. The main contributor to the rise is childcare (+1.0%).

FU R N I S H I N G S ,

HO U S E H O L D EQ U I P M E N T

AN D SE R V I C E S GR O U P

( - 0 . 4 % )

The main contributors to the fall in the clothing and footwear group this quarter are

garments for women (-2.5%) and garments for infants and children (-4.9%) due to

ongoing competition and discounting activity in the retail industry.

Over the last twelve months, the clothing and footwear group fell 3.5%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the clothing and footwear group fell 0.5% this quarter. The

main contributor to the fall is garments for women (-1.4%).

CL O T H I N G AN D

FO O T W E A R GR O U P

( - 2 . 0 % )

The main contributors to the fall in the recreation and culture group this quarter is

international holiday travel and accommodation (-2.4%) due to the winter off-peak

seasons in Europe and America. Audio, visual, and computing media and services (-6.1%)

also contributed to the fall this quarter.

Over the last twelve months, the recreation and culture group rose 0.6%.

In the CPI, airfares and accommodation are collected in advance (at the time of

payment), but are only used in the CPI in the quarter in which the trip is undertaken.

International airfares are collected two months in advance (January for travel in March)

and domestic airfares are collected one month in advance (February for travel in March).

In seasonally adjusted terms, the recreation and culture group rose 0.2% this quarter.

The main contributor to the rise is domestic holiday travel and accommodation (+2.0%).

RE C R E A T I O N AN D

CU L T U R E GR O U P ( - 0 . 7 % )

The main contributor to the rise in the insurance and financial services group this

quarter is insurance (+0.6%).

Over the past twelve months, the insurance and financial services group rose 1.0%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the insurance and financial services group rose 0.4% this

quarter. The main contributor to the rise is insurance (+0.7%).

I N S U R A N C E AN D

F I N A N C I A L SE R V I C E S

GR O U P (+ 0 . 3 % )

The main contributor to the rise in the alcohol and tobacco group this quarter is beer

(+2.0%) due to increases in input prices and the flow on effects of the federal excise tax

increase effective 5 February 2018.

Over the last twelve months, the alcohol and tobacco group rose 7.0%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the alcohol and tobacco group rose 1.5% this quarter. The

main contributor to the rise is tobacco (+2.6%).

AL C O H O L AN D TO B A C C O

GR O U P (+ 0 . 7 % )



The All group CPI seasonally adjusted rose 0.5% this quarter, and the original All groups

CPI recorded a 0.4% rise.

The trimmed mean rose 0.5% in the March quarter 2018, compared to a rise of 0.4% in

the December quarter 2017. Over the last twelve months, the trimmed mean rose 1.9%,

compared to a rise of 1.8% over the twelve months to the December quarter 2017.

The weighted median rose 0.5% in the March quarter 2018, following a rise of 0.5% in

the December quarter 2017. Over the last twelve months, the weighted median rose

2.0%, compared to a rise of 2.0% over the twelve months to the December quarter 2017.

SE A S O N A L L Y AD J U S T E D

AN A L Y T I C A L SE R I E S

The tradables component of the All groups CPI fell 0.4% in the March quarter 2018. The

tradable goods component fell 0.2% mainly due to audio, visual and computing media

and services (-6.1%), furniture (-2.8%) and audio, visual and computing equipment

(-2.9%). The tradable services component fell 2.2% due to international holiday travel

and accommodation (-2.4%).

The non-tradables component of the All groups CPI rose 0.8% in the March quarter 2018.

The non-tradable goods component rose 0.9%, mainly due to pharmaceutical products

(+5.6%), beer (+2.0%) and electricity (+1.8%). The non-tradable services component

rose 0.9%, mainly due to secondary education (+3.3%) and medical and hospital services

(+1.5%).

Over the twelve months to the March quarter 2018, the tradables component fell 0.5%

and the non-tradables component rose 3.1%.

In seasonally adjusted terms, the tradables component of the All groups CPI rose 0.2%

and the non-tradables component rose 0.8%.

I N T E R N A T I O N A L TR A D E

EX P O S U R E - TR A D A B L E S

AN D NO N - T R A D A B L E S

Over the last twelve months, the communication group fell 3.4%.

The communication group is not seasonally adjusted.

CO M M U N I C A T I O N GR O U P

( - 0 . 4 % ) continued



A detailed explanation of the seasonal adjustment of the All Groups CPI and calculation

of the trimmed mean and weighted median measures is available in Information Paper:

Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price Indexes, 2011 (cat. no. 6401.0.55.003) available

on the ABS website. Revisions to the seasonally adjusted estimates can be the result of

the application of concurrent seasonal adjustment, described in paragraph 15 of the

Explanatory Notes.

(a) not seasonally adjusted

0.80.8Non-tradables0.2–0.4Tradables

International trade exposure series

0.40.3Insurance and financial services–0.52.6Education0.2–0.7Recreation and culture

–0.4–0.4Communication(a)0.91.1Transport0.82.2Health0.4–0.4Furnishings, household equipment and services0.80.7Housing

–0.5–2.0Clothing and footwear1.50.7Alcohol and tobacco0.70.5Food and non-alcoholic beverages

0.50.4All groups CPI

%%

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

SEASONALLY ADJUSTEDORIGINAL



continued



At the All groups level, the CPI rose in seven out of the eight capital cities, with

Melbourne recording the largest movement and Darwin recording no movement.

The housing group (+0.7%) is the most significant positive contributor to the All groups

quarterly movement, with rises in five out of the eight capital cities. The rise is driven by

gas and other household fuels (+6.0%), due to increases in wholesale prices, and

new-dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers (+0.5%).

The transport group (+1.1%) is the second most significant positive contributor to the

All groups quarterly movement, with rises in all eight capital cities. This rise is driven by

motor vehicles (+1.4%) and automotive fuel (+0.9%).

The education group (+2.6%) is the third most significant positive contributor to All

groups quarterly movement, with rises in all eight capital cities. The rise this March

quarter is weaker than previous March quarters.

The most significant offsetting negative contributor to the All groups quarterly

movement is the recreation and culture group (-0.7%), with falls in seven out of the eight

capital cities. The fall is driven by international holiday travel and accommodation

(-2.4%), due to the winter off-peak seasons in Europe and America.

The second most significant offsetting negative contributor to the All groups quarterly

movement is clothing and footwear group (-2.0%), with falls in all eight capital cities. The

fall is driven by garments for women (-2.5%), due to ongoing competition and

discounting activity in the retail industry.

Over the last twelve months to March quarter 2018, the All groups CPI (+1.9%) has risen

in all eight capital cities, with Canberra (+2.4%), Adelaide (+2.3%), Melbourne (+2.2%)

and Sydney (+2.1%) recording the largest positive movements.

Sydney

Melbourne

Brisbane

Adelaide

Perth

Hobart

Darwin

Canberra

Weighted average of eight capital cities

0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2%

ALL GROUPS CPI , Percen tage change from prev ious quar te rAL L GR O U P S CP I

CA P I T A L C I T I E S CO M P A R I S O N


C A P I T A L C I T I E S C O M P A R I S O N

The main contributors to the rise in Perth this quarter are automotive fuel (+2.7%),

medical and hospital services (+1.5%) and pharmaceutical products (+4.7%). The rises

are partially offset by falls in new dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers (-1.8%) and

rents (-1.6%). The fall in rents is due to a continuation of excess housing stock leading to

high vacancy rates.

PE R T H (+ 0 . 1 % )

The main contributors to the rise in Adelaide this quarter are new dwelling purchase by

owner-occupiers (+1.7%), pharmaceutical products (+5.3%) and maintenance and

repair of motor vehicles (+3.1%). The rises are partially offset by falls in international

holiday travel and accommodation (-2.8%), and audio, visual and computing media and

services (-5.3%).

AD E L A I D E (+ 0 . 4 % )

The main contributors to the rise in Brisbane this quarter are maintenance and repair of

motor vehicles (+3.8%), new dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers (+0.8%) and

pharmaceutical products (+6.2%). The rises are partially offset by falls in electricity

(-4.8%) and international holiday travel and accommodation (-3.6%). The fall in

electricity prices is due to discounting by energy retailers.

BR I S B A N E (+ 0 . 1 % )

The main contributors to the rise in Melbourne this quarter are electricity (+13.1%), gas

and other household fuels (+13.0%) and secondary education (+3.4%). Rises in

Melbourne's utility prices are due to annual increases in wholesale prices being passed

onto consumers. The rises are partially offset by falls in audio, visual and computing

media and services (-6.9%) and international holiday travel and accommodation (-2.1%).

ME L B O U R N E (+ 0 . 9 % )

The main contributors to the rise in Sydney this quarter are new dwelling purchase by

owner-occupiers (+1.4%), waters, soft drinks and juices (+7.5%) and motor vehicles

(+2.0%). The rises are partially offset by falls in international holiday travel and

accommodation (-2.3%), electricity (-2.2%) and sports participation (-3.8%). The fall in

sports participation is due to the introduction of the $100 Active Kids sports voucher for

school aged children in New South Wales.

SY D N E Y (+ 0 . 3 % )

(a) Index reference period: 2011–12 = 100.0.

1.90.4112.6Weighted average of eight capital cities2.40.8111.2Canberra1.10.0109.7Darwin2.00.7111.1Hobart0.90.1110.0Perth2.30.4111.6Adelaide1.70.1112.4Brisbane2.20.9113.3Melbourne2.10.3113.6Sydney

Mar Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

PERCENTAGE CHANGEINDEXNUMBER(a)

ALL GROUPS CPI , Al l groups index numbers and percen tage changesAL L GR O U P S CP I continued


C A P I T A L C I T I E S C O M P A R I S O N continued

The main contributors to the rise in Canberra this quarter are automotive fuel (+6.1%),

medical and hospital services (+2.5%) and secondary education (+4.6%). The rise is

partially offset by falls in international holiday travel and accommodation (-2.4%) and

audio, visual and computing equipment (-3.5%).

CA N B E R R A (+ 0 . 8 % )

Darwin recorded no movement this quarter. Rises in automotive fuel (+6.2%),

secondary education (+6.9%) and pharmaceutical products (+5.8%) are offset by falls in

rents (-1.7%) and sports participation (-19.0%). The fall in rents is due to a continuation

of excess housing stock leading to high vacancy rates. The fall in sports participation is

due to the biannual $100 sport voucher provided to school aged children in the

Northern Territory.

DA R W I N (+ 0 . 0 % )

The main contributors to the rise in Hobart this quarter are domestic holiday travel and

accommodation (+4.3%), automotive fuel (+3.6%) and rents (+1.6%). The rise in

domestic holiday travel and accommodation is due to Tasmania's continued popularity

as a holiday destination for both international and domestic travellers. The rise is

partially offset by falls in audio, visual and computing media and services (-6.9%) and

international holiday travel and accommodation (-2.2%).

HO B A R T (+ 0 . 7 % )


C A P I T A L C I T I E S C O M P A R I S O N continued

CPI expenditure class, combined seasonal adjustment factors,

weighted average of eight capital cities

14

CPI group, expenditure class and selected analytical series index

numbers, seasonally adjusted, weighted average of eight capital cities

13

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, points contribution by

capital city

12

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, percentage change from

previous quarter by capital city

11

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, percentage change from

corresponding quarter of previous year by capital city

10

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, index numbers by

capital city

9

AD D I T I O N A L CP I TA B L E S AV A I L A B L E ON AB S WE B S I T E

27Analytical series, weighted average of eight capital cities8 . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, weighted average of eight

capital cities

7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21Contribution to change in All groups CPI6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18CPI groups, index numbers5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

CPI groups, weighted average of eight capital cities, percentage

changes

4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14CPI groups, weighted average of eight capital cities, index numbers3 . . . . . .13All groups CPI, percentage changes2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12All groups CPI, index numbers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CO N S U M E R PR I C E IN D E X

page


L I S T O F T A B L E S

(a) Unless otherwise specified, reference period of each index: 2011–12 = 100.0.

112.6111.2109.7111.1110.0111.6112.4113.3113.6March2018

112.1110.3109.7110.3109.9111.2112.3112.3113.3December111.4109.6109.4109.2109.5110.4111.4111.5112.5September110.7108.6108.8108.9109.0109.2111.0111.0111.7June110.5108.6108.5108.9109.0109.1110.5110.9111.3March




2014

110.2108.1108.7108.2108.9108.9110.4110.2111.12016–17108.3106.1108.5106.3108.2107.2108.5108.2108.92015–16106.8105.3108.4104.9107.2106.3106.8106.5107.32014–15105.0104.2106.9103.7105.3104.7104.9105.0105.22013–14

Weighted

average

of eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyPe r i od

ALL GROUPS CPI , Index numbers (a )1


0.40.80.00.70.10.40.10.90.3March2018

0.60.60.31.00.40.70.80.70.7December0.60.90.60.30.51.10.40.50.7September0.20.00.30.00.00.10.50.10.4June0.50.6–0.10.80.00.40.30.90.4March

20170.50.6–0.10.80.40.30.50.70.5December0.70.80.40.70.40.80.60.51.0September0.40.20.30.00.30.50.50.40.6June

–0.20.2–0.9–0.2–0.6–0.30.0–0.1–0.2March2016

0.40.20.30.90.50.20.40.70.3December0.50.20.40.60.40.30.70.50.3September0.70.40.00.10.60.50.70.70.9June0.2–0.1–0.20.30.10.10.00.10.5March


2014

PE R C E N T A G E CH A N G E ( f r o m p r e v i o u s qu a r t e r )

1.92.41.12.00.92.31.72.22.1March2018


20171.51.8–0.41.30.41.31.61.51.8December1.31.40.01.30.51.21.51.41.7September1.00.80.01.20.50.71.51.40.9June1.31.0–0.31.30.70.71.71.71.3March



2014

PE R C E N T A G E CH A N G E ( f r o m co r r e s p o n d i n g qu a r t e r o f p r e v i o u s y e a r )

1.81.90.21.80.61.61.81.82.02016–171.40.80.11.30.90.81.61.61.52015–161.71.11.41.21.81.51.81.42.02014–152.62.33.72.53.02.52.82.72.52013–14

PE R C E N T A G E CH A N G E ( f r o m p r e v i o u s f i n a n c i a l y e a r )

Weighted

average

of eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyPe r i od

ALL GROUPS CPI , Percentage changes2



132.2103.9120.693.0141.3106.5March2018

129.4104.3119.894.9140.3106.0December130.1105.1119.495.2136.0104.9September130.3104.7117.296.1133.1105.8June126.9104.0116.896.4132.1106.0March




2014

126.7104.9116.497.2130.8105.92016–17122.1104.3113.997.5123.5104.12015–16116.5102.5111.797.9116.7103.92014–15111.6101.5109.099.3110.0101.82013–14

Health

Furnishings,

household equipment

and servicesHousing

Clothing and

footwear

Alcohol and

tobacco

Food and

non–alcoholic

beveragesPe r i od

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Index numbers (a )3



112.6113.0132.1104.285.3103.8March2018





2014

110.2111.4126.8103.788.599.62016–17108.3108.6122.7103.793.799.12015–16106.8106.3117.6102.899.7100.82014–15105.0104.5111.6101.4103.0103.52013–14

All groups CPI

Insurance and

financial servicesEducation

Recreation

and cultureCommunicationTransportPe r i o d

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Index numbers (a ) co n t i n u e d3


2.2–0.40.7–2.00.70.5March2018

–0.5–0.80.3–0.33.21.0December–0.20.41.9–0.92.2–0.9September2.70.70.3–0.30.8–0.2June2.0–1.00.8–1.41.1–0.2March

2017–0.6–0.80.3–0.52.80.6December–0.21.11.00.31.11.7September2.60.60.42.01.0–0.3June1.9–0.40.3–2.60.9–0.2March

2016–0.40.60.11.62.70.3December0.30.80.6–1.11.30.1September2.71.00.71.31.2–0.2June2.5–0.50.8–1.30.80.2March

2015–0.90.50.50.11.70.1December–0.20.40.5–1.01.11.2September2.91.10.81.51.60.4June2.6–1.50.6–2.12.90.3March

2014


4.2–0.13.3–3.57.00.5March2018

4.0–0.83.4–3.07.3–0.2December3.9–0.83.3–3.27.0–0.7September3.80.02.4–1.95.91.9June3.8–0.12.50.36.11.8March

20173.70.61.9–0.95.91.8December3.91.91.81.25.71.5September4.51.61.3–0.25.9–0.1June4.62.01.7–0.86.10.0March

20165.31.92.20.56.00.4December4.81.82.7–1.05.00.2September4.31.42.5–0.94.81.3June4.41.52.7–0.75.21.9March

20154.40.52.4–1.57.42.0December4.70.42.3–2.77.33.5September4.91.03.9–0.67.12.5June4.00.93.60.56.82.2March

2014


3.80.62.2–0.35.91.72016–174.81.82.0–0.45.80.22015–164.41.02.5–1.46.12.12014–154.40.73.9–0.25.91.32013–14


Health

Furnishings,

household equipment

and servicesHousing

Clothing and

footwear

Alcohol and

tobacco

Food and

non-alcoholic

beverages

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Percentage changes4


0.40.32.6–0.7–0.41.1March2018

0.60.20.10.6–1.32.4December0.60.60.01.3–1.40.0September0.2–0.10.0–0.6–0.5–0.6June0.50.63.1–0.7–0.31.5March

20170.50.60.00.6–0.81.7December0.70.90.20.6–2.3–0.5September0.40.50.0–0.7–1.51.0June

–0.20.63.1–1.0–1.5–2.5March2016

0.40.80.01.6–2.4–1.4December0.50.50.20.8–2.00.1September0.70.30.0–1.4–0.63.4June0.20.25.30.7–1.4–3.4March

20150.21.00.01.0–0.1–2.2December0.50.60.10.6–1.4–0.1September0.50.00.0–0.3–1.7–0.7June0.60.45.1–0.50.21.1March

2014


1.91.02.60.6–3.42.9March2018

1.91.33.20.6–3.43.3December1.81.83.10.6–2.92.7September1.92.13.3–0.1–3.82.1June2.12.73.3–0.2–4.83.8March

20171.52.73.3–0.5–5.9–0.3December1.32.93.30.6–7.5–3.4September1.02.43.30.8–7.2–2.8June1.32.33.30.1–6.4–0.5March

20161.71.85.51.7–6.3–1.4December1.52.05.51.1–4.1–2.2September1.52.15.40.9–3.4–2.4June1.31.85.42.0–4.5–6.2March

20151.72.05.20.8–3.0–1.9December2.31.25.21.9–1.80.2September3.01.05.13.3–0.32.7June2.91.35.12.71.92.5March

2014


1.82.63.30.0–5.50.52016–171.42.24.30.9–6.0–1.72015–161.71.75.41.4–3.2–2.62014–152.61.75.42.31.32.42013–14


All groups CPI

Insurance and

financial

servicesEducation

Recreation

and cultureCommunicationTransport

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Percentage changes co n t i n u e d4



120.6114.8107.5111.2109.2118.8118.8123.5124.7March2018



2016

HO U S I N G

93.091.293.793.999.190.099.192.489.8March2018



2016

CL O T H I N G AN D FO O T W E A R

141.3138.4136.9145.4142.3144.2145.0141.4138.5March2018



2016

AL C O H O L AN D TO B A C C O

106.5106.3105.5104.4102.8105.2106.6106.6108.1March2018



2016

FO O D AN D NO N – A L C O H O L I C BE V E R A G E S

Weighted

average of

eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyQua r t e r s

CPI GROUPS, Index numbers (a )5



85.385.484.884.984.885.385.485.485.3March2018



2016

CO M M U N I C A T I O N

103.8106.6111.2106.1104.9104.7100.8106.1101.9March2018



2016

TR A N S P O R T

132.2133.6126.7135.7128.9133.3132.2133.2132.2March2018



2016

HE A L T H

103.9110.5107.2101.9103.5101.9106.0102.9103.9March2018



2016

FU R N I S H I N G S , HO U S E H O L D EQ U I P M E N T AN D SE R V I C E S

Weighted

average of

eight

capital


CPI GROUPS, Index numbers (a ) co n t i n u e d5



113.0102.1112.9113.8116.3112.0109.0112.7115.3March2018



2016

I N S U R A N C E AN D F I N A N C I A L SE R V I C E S

132.1128.0132.1127.6131.3130.0131.5130.8135.5March2018



2016

ED U C A T I O N

104.2105.5101.7106.3105.4102.3103.7104.7103.9March2018



2016

RE C R E A T I O N AN D CU L T U R E

Weighted

average of

eight

capital


CPI GROUPS, Index numbers (a ) co n t i n u e d5


0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing and footwear0.010.030.010.020.030.020.020.010.01Accessories0.010.020.000.020.030.020.010.010.01Accessories and clothing services0.000.000.000.000.00–0.01–0.010.000.00Footwear for infants and children

–0.02–0.02–0.01–0.01–0.02–0.02–0.01–0.01–0.02Footwear for women0.000.000.000.00–0.010.00–0.01–0.010.00Footwear for men

–0.02–0.02–0.01–0.01–0.03–0.03–0.03–0.02–0.02Footwear–0.02–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.02–0.03–0.02Garments for infants and children–0.03–0.01–0.03–0.03–0.04–0.04–0.07–0.03–0.03Garments for women–0.01–0.020.00–0.01–0.030.00–0.01–0.020.00Garments for men–0.07–0.03–0.04–0.05–0.08–0.05–0.09–0.08–0.05Garments–0.08–0.03–0.05–0.04–0.07–0.06–0.11–0.09–0.06Clothing and footwear

0.010.010.010.010.010.020.010.010.01Tobacco0.010.010.010.010.010.020.010.010.01Tobacco0.040.040.030.020.030.030.070.030.04Beer

–0.010.030.010.000.010.010.01–0.03–0.01Wine0.010.030.000.020.000.000.030.020.01Spirits0.050.090.040.040.040.040.100.020.04Alcoholic beverages0.060.090.060.050.070.060.120.040.05Alcohol and tobacco

0.020.020.010.030.010.03–0.010.020.02Take away and fast foods0.010.000.020.000.010.010.050.020.00Restaurant meals0.030.020.020.020.020.040.040.050.02Meals out and take away foods0.020.020.010.010.000.010.010.000.07Waters, soft drinks and juices0.000.000.000.010.000.000.000.010.00Coffee, tea and cocoa0.020.020.010.020.010.010.010.010.07Non-alcoholic beverages0.000.000.000.010.000.00–0.01–0.01–0.01Other food products n.e.c.0.000.010.010.030.010.010.010.000.01Snacks and confectionery0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Oils and fats0.000.010.010.010.010.010.010.000.00Food additives and condiments0.000.00–0.010.000.000.000.00–0.010.00Jams, honey and spreads0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Eggs0.000.010.000.040.010.010.000.000.00Food products n.e.c.0.060.060.040.060.020.040.050.060.06Vegetables

–0.04–0.03–0.06–0.03–0.03–0.02–0.02–0.03–0.05Fruit0.020.03–0.020.05–0.010.020.020.030.01Fruit and vegetables0.000.000.000.010.010.010.000.010.00Ice cream and other dairy products0.000.000.000.010.000.010.000.000.00Cheese0.000.00–0.010.000.000.000.000.000.00Milk0.000.000.000.010.000.010.00–0.010.00Dairy and related products0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Fish and other seafood0.000.000.00–0.010.000.00–0.010.000.00Other meats0.010.010.010.010.010.000.010.010.00Poultry0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Lamb and goat0.010.00–0.010.010.000.000.010.000.00Pork0.000.000.010.010.010.000.010.010.00Beef and veal0.000.000.000.020.000.010.010.000.01Meat and seafoods

–0.01–0.01–0.010.00–0.010.00–0.010.00–0.01Other cereal products–0.010.000.000.000.000.00–0.010.00–0.01Breakfast cereals0.000.000.000.010.000.010.000.000.00Cakes and biscuits

–0.010.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Bread–0.01–0.01–0.010.01–0.010.000.00–0.01–0.01Bread and cereal products0.080.080.000.160.010.100.070.080.09Food and non-alcoholic beverages

Weighted

average of

eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyGroup , sub–g r oup and expend i t u r e c l a s s

CONTRIBUT ION TO CHANGE IN ALL GROUPS CPI— Mar Qtr 20186


0.010.010.000.000.000.000.010.030.02Urban transport fares0.010.010.000.000.000.000.010.030.02Urban transport fares0.01–0.020.000.000.00–0.010.000.030.01Other services in respect of motor vehicles0.020.030.020.010.020.070.080.010.01Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles0.030.220.210.150.100.030.010.04–0.01Automotive fuel0.000.010.020.010.010.010.000.020.00Spare parts and accessories for motor vehicles0.040.000.020.020.00–0.010.020.060.07Motor vehicles0.120.240.270.190.150.080.110.150.07Private motoring0.130.240.260.200.150.080.120.180.08Transport

0.000.000.010.000.000.000.000.000.00Dental services0.060.10–0.010.060.070.020.070.070.06Medical and hospital services0.060.10–0.010.060.070.030.070.070.06Medical, dental and hospital services0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Therapeutic appliances and equipment0.060.070.060.070.060.070.070.070.06Pharmaceutical products0.060.070.070.080.060.070.080.070.06Medical products, appliances and equipment0.120.170.060.140.120.090.150.130.12Health

0.010.010.000.000.000.010.020.020.01Other household services0.000.010.010.000.000.010.010.010.01Hairdressing and personal grooming services0.020.06–0.010.030.010.000.010.030.03Child care0.040.080.000.030.020.020.040.060.05Domestic and household services0.010.010.000.030.000.020.000.010.00Other non-durable household products0.000.000.000.010.000.010.000.000.00Personal care products

–0.01–0.01–0.010.00–0.010.00–0.010.000.00Cleaning and maintenance products0.010.000.000.040.000.030.000.010.00Non-durable household products0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00–0.01Tools and equipment for house and garden

–0.020.000.000.000.00–0.02–0.03–0.01–0.02Glassware, tableware and household utensils–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.030.01–0.01–0.010.00–0.01Small electric household appliances–0.010.000.000.000.000.000.000.00–0.01Major household appliances–0.02–0.010.00–0.030.01–0.03–0.05–0.01–0.03Household appliances, utensils and tools–0.02–0.020.010.000.01–0.02–0.03–0.02–0.02Household textiles–0.02–0.020.010.000.01–0.02–0.03–0.02–0.02Household textiles0.00–0.010.000.000.000.00–0.010.000.00Carpets and other floor coverings

–0.05–0.05–0.01–0.03–0.05–0.04–0.01–0.05–0.05Furniture–0.05–0.060.00–0.02–0.06–0.04–0.01–0.06–0.05Furniture and furnishings–0.040.01–0.010.02–0.03–0.05–0.05–0.02–0.06Furnishings, household equipment and services

0.060.000.000.010.000.00–0.010.190.01Gas and other household fuels0.040.000.000.000.000.00–0.120.27–0.06Electricity0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Water and sewerage0.100.000.000.010.000.00–0.120.47–0.05Utilities0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Property rates and charges0.010.000.010.010.000.000.010.010.01Maintenance and repair of the dwelling0.010.010.020.020.000.000.000.010.01Other housing0.040.060.000.04–0.210.110.080.040.11New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers0.040.060.000.04–0.210.110.080.040.11New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers0.020.06–0.180.08–0.100.030.010.050.05Rents0.020.06–0.180.08–0.100.030.010.050.05Rents0.180.12–0.160.15–0.310.13–0.030.570.12Housing

Weighted

average of

eight

capital


CONTRIBUT ION TO CHANGE IN ALL GROUPS CPI— Mar Qtr 2018 co n t i n u e d6


0.50.90.00.80.10.40.11.00.3All groups CPI

0.010.060.050.000.030.020.020.03–0.01Other financial services–0.010.00–0.010.000.000.00–0.010.00–0.01Deposit and loan facilities (direct charges)0.010.050.040.000.010.020.010.03–0.02Financial services0.010.010.020.020.010.000.020.03–0.01Insurance0.010.010.020.020.010.000.020.03–0.01Insurance0.020.070.060.020.030.020.040.05–0.03Insurance and financial services

0.030.040.010.020.010.020.030.020.03Tertiary education0.070.090.100.040.050.050.050.080.06Secondary education0.030.040.020.020.020.030.040.030.04Preschool and primary education0.120.160.120.080.080.100.110.130.14Education0.120.160.120.080.080.100.110.130.14Education

0.020.060.000.030.010.010.060.030.01Other recreational, sporting and cultural services–0.020.01–0.140.000.010.010.000.00–0.05Sports participation0.010.010.000.000.010.000.010.010.00Veterinary and other services for pets0.000.00–0.010.010.000.000.000.000.00Pets and related products

–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.010.00–0.020.00–0.01Games, toys and hobbies0.010.010.020.010.010.010.020.010.01

Equipment for sports, camping and open-airrecreation

0.010.07–0.140.030.030.030.050.04–0.04Other recreation, sport and culture–0.08–0.09–0.09–0.05–0.04–0.08–0.12–0.06–0.09International holiday travel and accommodation0.040.05–0.020.180.050.06–0.030.080.05Domestic holiday travel and accommodation

–0.03–0.03–0.110.130.00–0.03–0.150.00–0.05Holiday travel and accommodation0.00–0.010.000.000.000.00–0.010.01–0.01Newspapers, magazines and stationery0.010.010.000.020.010.020.010.010.01Books0.010.010.000.010.010.01–0.010.010.01Newspapers, books and stationery

–0.05–0.04–0.05–0.07–0.05–0.04–0.05–0.06–0.04Audio, visual and computing media and services–0.04–0.05–0.04–0.03–0.02–0.02–0.06–0.04–0.04Audio, visual and computing equipment–0.08–0.09–0.09–0.09–0.06–0.08–0.11–0.10–0.08Audio, visual and computing equipment and services–0.10–0.04–0.330.09–0.02–0.06–0.22–0.04–0.15Recreation and culture

–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01Telecommunication equipment and services0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Postal services

–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01Communication–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01Communication

Weighted

average of

eight

capital


CONTRIBUT ION TO CHANGE IN ALL GROUPS CPI— Mar Qtr 2018 co n t i n u e d6



0.000.130.132.30.6117.3116.6114.7Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing and

footwear

0.010.760.751.41.5105.7104.1104.2Accessories0.010.900.891.51.4107.3105.8105.7Accessories and clothing services0.000.080.08–1.6–2.093.295.194.7Footwear for infants and children

–0.020.330.35–4.4–4.587.791.891.7Footwear for women0.000.160.16–1.3–3.394.898.096.0Footwear for men

–0.020.570.59–3.1–3.890.494.093.3Footwear–0.020.370.39–3.6–4.993.898.697.3Garments for infants and children–0.031.361.39–6.1–2.584.686.890.1Garments for women–0.010.670.68–4.6–2.095.697.6100.2Garments for men–0.072.392.46–5.4–2.788.891.393.9Garments–0.083.863.94–3.5–2.093.094.996.4Clothing and footwear

0.013.163.1514.50.4202.4201.6176.7Tobacco0.013.163.1514.50.4202.4201.6176.7Tobacco0.042.132.094.82.0120.9118.5115.4Beer

–0.011.961.97–1.2–0.5100.5101.0101.7Wine0.010.950.942.41.4113.5111.9110.8Spirits0.055.055.002.21.0112.2111.1109.8Alcoholic beverages0.068.218.157.00.7141.3140.3132.1Alcohol and tobacco

0.022.882.862.10.5113.4112.8111.1Take away and fast foods0.013.723.711.80.4111.9111.4109.9Restaurant meals0.036.606.571.90.4112.6112.1110.5Meals out and take away foods0.020.860.845.52.7104.8102.099.3Waters, soft drinks and juices0.000.260.26–3.80.6100.299.6104.2Coffee, tea and cocoa0.021.121.103.22.3103.7101.4100.5Non-alcoholic beverages0.000.620.62–0.1–0.796.697.396.7Other food products n.e.c.0.001.041.04–2.40.5102.0101.5104.5Snacks and confectionery0.000.200.209.80.4113.6113.2103.5Oils and fats0.000.330.330.71.298.397.197.6Food additives and condiments0.000.150.15–2.8–1.0101.6102.6104.5Jams, honey and spreads0.000.140.14–5.10.1103.2103.1108.7Eggs0.002.472.47–0.70.1101.2101.1101.9Food products n.e.c.0.061.511.45–5.73.7115.1111.0122.0Vegetables

–0.041.271.312.5–2.795.898.593.5Fruit0.022.782.76–2.20.7105.6104.9108.0Fruit and vegetables0.000.370.37–0.10.295.295.095.3Ice cream and other dairy products0.000.330.330.50.3100.299.999.7Cheese0.000.410.410.1–0.296.897.096.7Milk0.001.111.110.20.197.397.297.1Dairy and related products0.000.440.440.0–0.3108.2108.5108.2Fish and other seafood0.000.410.411.2–0.6113.1113.8111.8Other meats0.010.490.480.60.5102.1101.6101.5Poultry0.000.250.253.60.0104.4104.4100.8Lamb and goat0.010.350.34–1.60.5109.8109.3111.6Pork0.000.530.531.61.0126.2125.0124.2Beef and veal0.002.452.450.70.2110.7110.5109.9Meat and seafoods

–0.010.180.19–1.6–1.690.892.392.3Other cereal products–0.010.140.15–1.4–1.690.992.492.2Breakfast cereals0.000.730.73–2.4–0.3101.2101.5103.7Cakes and biscuits

–0.010.600.610.6–0.196.096.195.4Bread–0.011.661.67–1.1–0.597.197.698.2Bread and cereal products0.0818.2018.120.50.5106.5106.0106.0Food and non-alcoholic beverages

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr

2017

CHANGEIN POINTSCONTRIBUTION

CONTRIBUTIONTO TOTAL CPI(ALL GROUPSINDEX POINTS)PERCENTAGE CHANGEINDEX NUMBERS(a)

Group , sub–g r oup and expend i t u r e c l a s s

GROUP, SUB– GROUP AND EXPENDITURE CLASS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies7



0.010.830.823.21.8109.9108.0106.5Urban transport fares0.010.830.823.21.8109.9108.0106.5Urban transport fares0.011.521.513.60.7128.0127.1123.5Other services in respect of motor vehicles0.022.172.151.61.2109.8108.5108.1Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles0.033.453.426.10.997.696.792.0Automotive fuel0.000.810.811.70.6109.5108.8107.7

Spare parts and accessories for motorvehicles

0.043.113.070.11.493.692.393.5Motor vehicles0.1211.0710.952.91.1103.4102.3100.5Private motoring0.1311.9011.772.91.1103.8102.7100.9Transport

0.000.580.581.30.3112.6112.3111.2Dental services0.064.214.155.31.5145.0142.8137.7Medical and hospital services0.064.794.734.81.4140.4138.5134.0Medical, dental and hospital services0.000.160.160.20.197.497.397.2Therapeutic appliances and equipment0.061.191.131.55.6107.3101.6105.7Pharmaceutical products0.061.351.291.34.9106.1101.1104.7Medical products, appliances and equipment0.126.146.024.22.2132.2129.4126.9Health

0.010.810.803.01.8120.2118.1116.7Other household services0.001.041.041.70.5113.8113.2111.9

Hairdressing and personal groomingservices

0.021.541.525.91.6156.4153.9147.7Child care0.043.403.363.71.3129.1127.4124.5Domestic and household services0.011.471.46–0.50.5102.5102.0103.0Other non-durable household products0.001.171.17–2.50.290.290.092.5Personal care products

–0.010.280.29–1.7–1.393.394.594.9Cleaning and maintenance products0.012.932.92–1.40.196.796.698.1Non-durable household products0.000.420.42–0.2–0.4107.0107.4107.2

Tools and equipment for house andgarden

–0.020.450.47–1.7–3.288.891.790.3Glassware, tableware and household

utensils

–0.010.350.36–4.3–1.187.488.491.3Small electric household appliances–0.010.440.45–4.0–0.891.492.195.2Major household appliances–0.021.671.69–2.5–1.592.994.395.3Household appliances, utensils and tools–0.020.500.52–3.0–3.583.286.285.8Household textiles–0.020.500.52–3.0–3.583.286.285.8Household textiles0.000.340.341.2–0.4107.5107.9106.2Carpets and other floor coverings

–0.051.491.54–2.5–2.896.098.898.5Furniture–0.051.831.88–1.9–2.497.8100.299.7Furniture and furnishings–0.0410.3310.37–0.1–0.4103.9104.3104.0

Furnishings, household equipment andservices

0.061.010.9510.06.0147.3139.0133.9Gas and other household fuels0.042.482.4411.71.8141.6139.1126.8Electricity0.001.141.143.20.0117.6117.6114.0Water and sewerage0.104.624.529.32.2136.6133.6125.0Utilities0.001.631.632.60.0135.5135.5132.1Property rates and charges0.012.422.411.80.4114.6114.2112.6Maintenance and repair of the dwelling0.014.054.042.20.2122.8122.6120.2Other housing0.048.768.722.70.5119.6119.0116.4

New dwelling purchase byowner-occupiers

0.048.768.722.70.5119.6119.0116.4New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers0.028.088.060.80.2111.8111.6110.9Rents0.028.088.060.80.2111.8111.6110.9Rents0.1825.5225.343.30.7120.6119.8116.8Housing

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr

2017




GROUP, SUB– GROUP AND EXPENDITURE CLASS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies

co n t i n u e d7



0.5112.6112.11.90.4112.6112.1110.5All groups CPI

0.014.494.480.70.3109.3109.0108.5Other financial services–0.010.640.65–2.7–0.599.299.7102.0Deposit and loan facilities (direct charges)0.015.145.130.30.2107.5107.3107.2Financial services0.011.351.343.30.6128.0127.2123.9Insurance0.011.351.343.30.6128.0127.2123.9Insurance0.026.496.471.00.3113.0112.7111.9Insurance and financial services

0.031.861.831.51.4127.2125.5125.3Tertiary education0.071.961.893.33.3136.6132.2132.2Secondary education0.031.061.033.63.2133.6129.4129.0Preschool and primary education0.124.884.762.62.6132.1128.8128.7Education0.124.884.762.62.6132.1128.8128.7Education

0.021.191.172.91.9125.9123.6122.4Other recreational, sporting and cultural

services

–0.021.081.102.1–1.1120.9122.2118.4Sports participation0.010.420.413.60.9123.1122.0118.8Veterinary and other services for pets0.000.490.490.0–0.2101.8102.0101.8Pets and related products

–0.010.890.90–4.4–1.186.287.290.2Games, toys and hobbies0.010.660.650.61.6104.8103.1104.2

Equipment for sports, camping andopen-air recreation

0.014.734.721.00.3112.0111.7110.9Other recreation, sport and culture–0.083.373.450.8–2.4107.1109.7106.2

International holiday travel andaccommodation

0.043.213.174.51.5117.0115.3112.0Domestic holiday travel and

accommodation

–0.036.586.612.0–0.5111.5112.1109.3Holiday travel and accommodation0.000.540.540.4–0.4118.4118.9117.9Newspapers, magazines and stationery0.010.270.262.53.7103.299.5100.7Books0.010.820.811.10.9112.8111.8111.6Newspapers, books and stationery

–0.050.740.79–0.7–6.194.6100.795.3Audio, visual and computing media and

services

–0.041.271.31–8.8–2.956.257.961.6Audio, visual and computing equipment–0.082.022.10–5.0–4.171.674.775.4

Audio, visual and computing equipment andservices

–0.1014.1414.240.6–0.7104.2104.9103.6Recreation and culture

–0.012.842.85–3.7–0.484.084.387.2Telecommunication equipment and

services

0.000.090.092.30.2116.7116.5114.1Postal services–0.012.932.94–3.4–0.485.385.688.3Communication–0.012.932.94–3.4–0.485.385.688.3Communication

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr

2017




GROUP, SUB– GROUP AND EXPENDITURE CLASS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies

co n t i n u e d7


(b) Unless otherwise specified, reference period of each index: 2011–12 = 100.0.(c) Index numbers are available in the time series spreadsheet 'Table 8. CPI:

Analytical Series, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities'.

. . not applicable(a) Refer to paragraphs 11 and 12 of the Explanatory Notes for a description of

these series.

0.44106.38105.942.00.4113.4112.9111.2'Volatile items'0.3091.2090.901.70.4113.4113.0111.5Food and energy0.42108.40107.981.80.5111.5111.0109.5Medical and hospital services0.2980.6080.311.60.4110.1109.7108.4

Housing, Insurance andfinancial services

0.47106.12105.652.00.4112.6112.1110.4Insurance and financial services0.36107.73107.371.80.3111.9111.6109.9Education0.5998.4797.882.10.6113.8113.1111.5Recreation and culture0.50109.68109.182.10.4113.5113.0111.2Communication0.36100.71100.351.90.4113.8113.4111.7Transport0.36106.47106.111.70.4111.5111.1109.6Health0.52102.28101.762.20.5113.5112.9111.1

Furnishings, householdequipment and services

0.3187.0986.781.60.4110.3109.9108.6Housing0.57108.75108.182.10.5113.4112.8111.1Clothing and footwear0.42104.40103.981.60.5110.5110.0108.8Alcohol and tobacco0.4194.4194.002.20.4113.8113.3111.3Food and non-alcoholic beverages

All groups CPI excluding

0.0485.1185.071.10.0109.1109.1107.9Total

0.0836.9936.911.10.2110.6110.4109.4Services–0.0448.1248.161.1–0.1108.1108.2106.9Goods

Market goods and servicesexcluding 'volatile items'

. .. .. .2.30.4113.6113.1111.1Deposit and loan facilities

(indirect charges)

All groups CPI including

0.3252.4552.132.00.6117.2116.5114.9Services component0.1760.1659.992.00.3109.3109.0107.2Goods component

Goods and services series

0.6373.7373.103.10.8119.3118.3115.7Non-tradables–0.1438.8839.02–0.5–0.4101.7102.1102.2Tradables

International trade exposure series

. .. .. .2.00.5. .. .. .Weighted median(c)

. .. .. .1.90.5. .. .. .Trimmed mean(c)Underlying trend series

0.00.00.01.90.5112.6112.0110.5All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted

0.5112.6112.11.90.4112.6112.1110.5All groups CPI

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Dec Qtr 2017 to

Mar Qtr 2018

Mar Qtr

2018

Dec Qtr

2017

Mar Qtr

2017


CONTRIBUTIONTO TOTAL CPI(ALL GROUPS CPIINDEX POINTS)PERCENTAGE CHANGEINDEX NUMBERS(b)

ANALYT ICAL SERIES, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies (a )8


6 There are 87 expenditure classes (that is, groupings of like items) in the 17th series

CPI and each expenditure class has its own weight, or measure of relative importance. In

calculating the index, price changes for the various expenditure classes are combined

using these weights.

7 Changes in the weighting pattern have formerly been made at approximately six

yearly intervals to take account of changes in household spending patterns. From the

introduction of the 17th series CPI in December quarter 2017, the weights are now

updated annually. The Household Expenditure Survey (HES) is used to re-weight the CPI

in the years where it is available, currently six-yearly. In inter-HES years, Household Final

Consumption Expenditure (HFCE) data from the National Accounts is used as the

primary data source for updating the weights. The CPI now comprises seventeen series

of price indexes which have been linked to form a continuous series. The current and

historical weighting patterns for the CPI for the weighted average of the eight capital

WE I G H T I N G PA T T E R N

4 The frequency of price collection by item varies as necessary to obtain reliable price

measures. Prices of some items are volatile (i.e. their prices may vary many times each

quarter) and for these items frequent price observations are necessary to obtain a

reliable measure of the average price for the quarter. Each month prices are collected at

regular intervals for goods such as alcohol, men's and women's clothing, project homes,

motor vehicles, petrol and holiday travel and accommodation. In the case of transactions

data, revenue and quantity data are collected on a weekly basis. For most other items,

price volatility is not a problem and prices are collected once a quarter. There are a few

items where prices are changed at infrequent intervals, for example education fees

where prices are set once a year. In these cases, the frequency of price collection is

modified accordingly.

5 In order to facilitate a more even spread of field collection workload, the number of

items for which prices are collected quarterly is distributed roughly equally across each

month of each quarter. In all cases, however, individual items are priced in the same

month of each quarter. For example, items for which prices are collected in the first

month of the September quarter, July, are also priced in the first month of subsequent

quarters, namely October, January and April.

PR I C E S

1 The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures quarterly changes in the price of a 'basket'

of goods and services which account for a high proportion of expenditure by the CPI

population group (i.e. metropolitan households). This 'basket' covers a wide range of

goods and services, arranged in the following eleven groups:

! Food and non–alcoholic beverages

! Alcohol and tobacco

! Clothing and footwear

! Housing

! Furnishings, household equipment and services

! Health

! Transport

! Communication

! Recreation and culture

! Education

! Insurance and financial services.

2 Capital city indexes used by the CPI are based on the 2011 Australian Statistical

Geography Standard (ASGS) Greater Capital City Statistical Areas. The capital city indexes

measure price movements over time in each city individually. They do not measure

differences in retail price levels between cities.

3 Further information about the CPI is contained in Consumer Price Index: Concepts,

Sources and Methods (cat. no. 6461.0).

BR I E F DE S C R I P T I O N OF TH E

CP I


E X P L A N A T O R Y N O T E S

11 Various series are presented in Table 8 in this publication to assist users analyse the

CPI. Some of the analytical series are compiled by taking subsets of the CPI basket, and

most are self-explanatory, such as 'All groups CPI excluding food and non-alcoholic

beverages'. (A complete list of CPI groups, sub-groups and expenditure classes is

contained in Tables 6 and 7). Other series and their composition are described below:

! All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted: Comprises all components included in the All

groups CPI, seasonally adjusted where seasonality has been identified at the

weighted average of eight capital cities level. Seasonal adjustment factors are

calculated using the history of price changes up to the current quarter CPI and are

revised each quarter.

! Where CPI expenditure classes are identified as having a seasonal pattern,

quarterly price changes are estimated on a seasonally adjusted basis. At the

introduction of the 17th series, 57 out of the 87 expenditure classes were

classified as seasonal. A description of which series are currently seasonally

adjusted is published in the Appendix of every December quarter issue of

Consumer Price Index, Australia (cat. no. 6401.0), following the annual seasonal

reanalysis.

! Underlying trend series, 'Trimmed means' and 'Weighted median': These are two

analytical measures of trend inflation calculated from the June quarter 2002 using

standard ABS seasonal adjustment techniques. For more information see the

Information Paper: Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price Indexes, 2011 (cat. no.

6401.0.55.003). The trimmed mean and weighted median are calculated using the

distribution of expenditure classes each quarter derived as follows:


8 Movements in indexes from one period to another can be expressed either as

changes in index points or as percentage changes. The following example illustrates the

method of calculating changes in index points and percentage changes between any two

periods:

All groups CPI: Weighted average of eight capital cities. Index numbers:

March Quarter 2018 = 112.6 (see Table 1)

Less March 2017 = 110.5 (see Table 1)

Change in index points = 2.1

Percentage change = 2.1/110.0 x 100 = 1.9% (see Table 2)

9 Percentage changes are calculated to illustrate three different kinds of movements in

index numbers:

! movements between consecutive financial years (where the index numbers for

financial years are simple averages of the quarterly index numbers)

! movements between corresponding quarters of consecutive years

! movements between consecutive quarters.

10 Table 7 provides a detailed analysis, for the weighted average of eight capital cities,

of movements in the CPI since the previous quarter, including information on

movements for groups, sub-groups and expenditure classes. It also shows the

contribution which each makes to the total CPI. For instance, the dairy and related

products sub-group contributed 1.11 index points to the total All groups index number

of 112.6 for the March Quarter 2018. The final column shows contributions to the

change in All Groups index points by each group, sub-group and expenditure class.

AN A L Y S I S OF CP I CH A N G E S

cities are published in Consumer Price Index: Historical Weighting Patterns, 1948 - 2017

(cat. no. 6431.0). The 17th series weighting pattern for the weighted average of eight

capital cities and for each of the eight capital cities, as well as each city's percentage

contribution to the weighted average, are also published in the Consumer Price Index:

17th Series Weighting Pattern (cat. no. 6473.0). Both publications are available on the

ABS website <http://www.abs.gov.au>.

WE I G H T I N G PA T T E R N continued


E X P L A N A T O R Y N O T E S continued

! The CPI expenditure classes are ranked from lowest to highest according to the

seasonally adjusted percentage change from the previous quarter.

! The seasonally adjusted relative weight of each expenditure class is calculated

based on its previous quarter contribution to the All groups CPI.

! The 'Trimmed mean' is calculated by using a weighted average of percentage

change from the previous quarter (seasonally adjusted) from the middle 70 per

cent of the distribution.

! The 'Weighted median' is calculated using the percentage change from the

previous quarter (seasonally adjusted) expenditure class at the 50th percentile

of the distribution.

! International trade exposure series, Tradables component: Comprises all items

whose prices are largely determined on the world market. For more information,

see paragraph 12 below.

! International trade exposure series, Non-tradables component: Comprises all

items not included in the Tradables component.

! All groups CPI, goods component: Comprises the food and non-alcoholic beverages

group (except restaurant meals); alcohol and tobacco group; clothing and footwear

group (except cleaning, repair and hire of clothing and footwear); furnishings,

household equipment and services group (except domestic and household services

sub-group); utilities, audio, visual and computing equipment and services, and

newspapers, books and stationery sub-groups; and new dwelling purchase by

owner-occupiers, pharmaceutical products, motor vehicles, automotive fuel, spare

parts and accessories for motor vehicles, equipment for sports, camping and

open-air recreation, games, toys and hobbies and pets and related products

expenditure classes.

! All groups CPI, services component: Comprises all items not included in the 'All

groups CPI, goods component'. A description of which series are goods or services is

published in the Appendix of the December quarter 2017 issue of Consumer Price

Index, Australia (cat. no 6401.0).

! All groups CPI including deposit and loan facilities (indirect charges): One of the

outcomes of the 16th series CPI Review was to remove the indirectly measured

component of the deposit and loan facilities index from the headline CPI but to

include it in a new analytical series. This index includes the 17th series All groups

CPI plus the indirectly measured component of the deposit and loan facilities index.

! Market goods and services excluding 'volatile items': in addition to the items

excluded from the series 'All groups CPI excluding 'volatile items', also excludes:

utilities, property rates and charges, child care, health, other services in respect of

motor vehicles, urban transport fares, postal services, and education.

! All groups CPI excluding insurance and financial services: Reflecting the changing

composition of the CPI, from the September quarter 1989 to the June quarter 1998,

comprises the All groups CPI excluding house insurance, house contents insurance,

vehicle insurance and mortgage interest charges and consumer credit charges; from

the September quarter 1998 to the June quarter 2000 comprises the All groups CPI

excluding house insurance, house contents insurance and vehicle insurance; from


excluding insurance services; from the September quarter 2005 to the June quarter

2011 comprises the All groups CPI excluding financial and insurance services; from

the September quarter 2011 comprises the All groups CPI excluding insurance and

financial services.

AN A L Y T I C A L SE R I E S continued



14 Seasonally adjusted estimates are derived by estimating and removing systematic

calendar related effects from the original series. In most economic data these calendar

related effects are a combination of the classical seasonal influences (e.g. the effect of the

weather, social traditions or administrative practices such as government charges

increasing on 1 July each year) plus other kinds of calendar related variations, such as

Easter or the proximity of significant days in the year (e.g. Christmas). In the seasonal

adjustment process, both seasonal and other calendar related factors evolve over time to

reflect changes in activity patterns. The seasonally adjusted estimates reflect the

sampling and non–sampling errors to which the original estimates are subject.

15 The CPI uses a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology to derive the

adjustment factors. This method uses the original time series available at each reference

period to estimate seasonal factors for the current and previous quarters. Concurrent

seasonal adjustment is technically superior to the more traditional method of reanalysing

seasonal patterns once each year because it uses all available data to fine tune the

estimates of the seasonal component each quarter. With concurrent analysis, the

seasonally adjusted series are subject to revision each quarter as the estimates of the

seasonal factors are improved. In most instances, the only significant revisions will be to


IN D E X E S

13 Published index numbers, except for the underlying trend series, are rounded to

one decimal place. Percentage change movements are calculated from the index

numbers and then rounded to one decimal place. Rounding errors can occur, causing

discrepancies (e.g. when calculating percentage changes of aggregates and their

components). Underlying trend series, 'Trimmed mean' and 'Weighted median' index

numbers are published to four decimal places. Percentage change movements are

calculated from the published index numbers and rounded to one decimal place.

RO U N D I N G

! All groups CPI excluding housing and insurance and financial services: Reflecting

the changing composition of the CPI, from the September quarter 1989 to the June

quarter 1998, comprises the All groups CPI excluding housing, house contents

insurance, vehicle insurance and consumer credit charges; from the September

quarter 1998 to the June quarter 2000 comprises the All groups CPI excluding

housing, house insurance, house contents insurance and vehicle insurance; from


excluding housing and insurance services; from the September quarter 2005 to the

June quarter 2011 comprises the All groups CPI excluding housing and financial and

insurance services; from the September quarter 2011 comprises the All groups CPI

excluding housing and insurance and financial services.

! All groups CPI excluding food and energy: Comprises the All groups CPI excluding

the food and non-alcoholic beverages group (except restaurant meals); electricity,

gas and other household fuels; and automotive fuel.

! All groups CPI excluding 'volatile items': Comprises the All groups CPI excluding

fruit and vegetables and automotive fuel.

12 The International trade exposure series was reviewed and updated for the

December quarter 2016. There were eight changes of classification outlined in the

September quarter 2016 feature article 'Review of the Consumer Price Index

International Trade Exposure Series' (cat. no. 6401.0): breakfast cereals; waters, soft

drinks and juices; gas and other household fuels; therapeutic appliances and equipment;

and newspaper, magazines and stationery were reclassified from non-tradables to

tradables: and spirits; tobacco; and pharmaceutical products were reclassified from

tradables to non-tradables. These changes are included from the December quarter

2016. The historical tradables and non-tradables series will not be revised. A description

of which expenditure classes are tradables or non-tradables is published in the Appendix

of the December quarter 2017 issue of Consumer Price Index, Australia (cat. no 6401.0).

AN A L Y T I C A L SE R I E S continued



20 Current publications and other products released by the ABS are listed on the ABS

website <http://www.abs.gov.au>. The ABS also issues a daily Release Advice on the

website which details products to be released in the week ahead.

21 Users may also wish to refer to the following publications and other data products

that are available free of charge from the ABS website:

! Information Paper: Introduction of the 17th Series Australian Consumer Price

Index, 2017 (cat. no. 6470.0.55.001)

RE L A T E D PU B L I C A T I O N S

19 CPI original indexes are revised only in exceptional circumstances, such as to

correct a significant error. As is the case with all price indexes, the index reference period

(i.e. the period in which the index is set equal to 100.0) will be changed periodically. The

index number levels for all periods will be changed by this process and it may also result

in differences, due to rounding, between the percentage changes published on the old

base and those on the new base. Seasonally adjusted indexes (including the Trimmed

mean and Weighted median) for some quarters will be revised as extra quarters are

included in the series analysed for seasonal influences (see paragraphs 14 to 17).

RE V I S I O N S

18 In analysing price movements in Australia, an important consideration is Australia's

performance relative to other countries. However, a simple comparison of All groups (or

headline) CPIs is often inappropriate because of the different measurement approaches

used by countries for certain products, particularly housing and financial and insurance

services. To provide a better basis for international comparisons, the 17th International

Conference of Labour Statisticians adopted a resolution which called for countries to 'if

possible, compile and provide for dissemination to the international community an index

that excludes housing and financial services' in addition to the all-items index.

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

CO M P A R I S O N S

the combined adjustment factors for the previous quarter and for the same quarter in

the preceding year as the reference quarter (i.e. if the latest quarter is March quarter

2018 then the most significant revisions will be to December quarter 2017 and March

quarter 2017). The seasonal patterns are also reanalysed on an annual basis or when

there are known changes to regular events. This can lead to additional revisions.

16 Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) modelling can improve the

revision properties of the seasonally adjusted and trend estimates. ARIMA modelling

relies on the characteristics of the series being analysed to project future period data.

The projected values are temporary, intermediate values, that are only used internally to

improve the estimation of the seasonal factors. The projected data do not affect the

original estimates and are discarded at the end of the seasonal adjustment process. From

the December quarter 2012, the Consumer Price Index uses ARIMA modelling where

appropriate for individual time series. The ARIMA model is assessed as part of the annual

reanalysis. For more information on ARIMA modelling see Feature article: Use of ARIMA

modelling to reduce revisions in the October 2004 issue of Australian Economic

Indicators (cat. no. 1350.0).

17 The ABS applies seasonal adjustment to the expenditure class components of the

CPI which are found to be seasonal, and then aggregates the seasonally adjusted and

non–seasonally adjusted components to calculate the All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted,

Trimmed mean and Weighted median estimates. The seasonally adjusted expenditure

class components are available in Table 13 – CPI expenditure classes and selected

analytical series, seasonally adjusted index numbers, weighted average of eight capital

cities. The seasonal factors used to derive these seasonally adjusted indexes are available

in Table 14 – CPI expenditure class, combined seasonal adjustment factors, weighted

average of eight capital cities. For more information about seasonal adjustment of the

CPI please refer to Information Paper: Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price Indexes,

2011 (cat. no. 6401.0.55.003).


IN D E X E S continued



22 As well as the statistics included in this publication, there is more detailed data for

each capital city available on the ABS website. Inquiries should be made to the National

Information and Referral Service on 1300 135 070.

DA T A AV A I L A B L E

! Consumer Price Index: 17th Series Weighting Pattern, Sep 2017 (cat. no. 6473.0)

! Consumer Price Index: Historical Weighting Patterns, 1948 - 2017 (cat. no. 6431.0)

! A Guide to the Consumer Price Index: 17th Series, 2017 (cat. no. 6440.0)

! Information Paper: An Implementation Plan to Annually Re-weight the Australian

CPI, 2017 (cat.no. 6401.0.60.005)

! Information Paper: An Implementation Plan to Maximise the Use of Transactions

Data in the CPI, Jun 2017 (cat.no. 6401.0.60.004)

! Enhancing the Australian CPI: A roadmap, Aug 2015 (cat. no. 6401.0.60.001)

! Information Paper: Increasing the Frequency of CPI Expenditure Class Weight

Updates, July 2016 (cat. no. 6401.0.60.002)

! Information Paper: Making Greater Use of Transactions Data to compile the

Consumer Price Index, Australia, 2016 (cat. no. 6401.0.60.003)

! A Guide to the Consumer Price Index, 16th Series (cat. no. 6440.0)

! Consumer Price Index: Concepts, Sources and Methods (cat. no. 6461.0)

! Information Paper: Introduction of the 16th Series Australian Consumer Price

Index, 2011 (cat. no. 6470.0)

! Information Paper: Outcome of the 16th Series Australian Consumer Price Index

Review, Australia (cat. no. 6469.0)

! Consumer Price Index Commodity Classification, Australia, 16th Series, 2011

(cat. no. 6401.0.55.004)

! Consumer Price Index: 16th Series Weighting Pattern (cat. no. 6471.0)

! Consumer Price Index: Historical Weighting Patterns (1948–2011) (cat. no. 6431.0)

! Analytical Living Cost Indexes and Pensioner and Beneficiary Living Cost Index:

16th Series Weighting Patterns (cat. no. 6472.0)

! Consumer Price Index: Correspondence with Household Expenditure

Classification, Australia (cat. no. 6446.0.55.001)

! Information Paper: Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price Indexes, 2011

(cat. no. 6401.0.55.003)

! Information Paper: Experimental Price Indexes for Financial Services

(cat. no. 6413.0)

! Information Paper: The Introduction of Hedonic Price Indexes for Personal

Computers (cat. no. 6458.0)

! Analytical Living Cost Indexes for Selected Australian Household Types

(cat. no. 6463.0)

! Selected Living Cost Indexes, Australia (cat. no. 6467.0)

! Residential Property Price Indexes: Eight Capital Cities (cat. no. 6416.0)

! Producer Price Indexes, Australia (cat. no. 6427.0)

! International Trade Price Indexes, Australia (cat. no. 6457.0)

! Wage Price Index, Australia (cat. no. 6345.0)

RE L A T E D PU B L I C A T I O N S

continued



www.abs.gov.auWEB ADDRESS

All statistics on the ABS website can be downloaded freeof charge.

F R E E A C C E S S T O S T A T I S T I C S

Client Services, ABS, GPO Box 796, Sydney NSW 2001POST

1300 135 211FAX

[email protected]

1300 135 070PHONE

Our consultants can help you access the full range ofinformation published by the ABS that is available free ofcharge from our website. Information tailored to yourneeds can also be requested as a 'user pays' service.Specialists are on hand to help you with analytical ormethodological advice.

I N F O R M A T I O N A N D R E F E R R A L S E R V I C E

www.abs.gov.au the ABS website is the best place fordata from our publications and information about the ABS.

INTERNET

F O R M O R E I N F O R M A T I O N . . .

© Commonwealth of Australia 2018Produced by the Australian Bureau of Statistics

64

01

.0

•

CO

NS

UM

ER

P

RI

CE

IND

EX

, A

US

TR

AL

IA

•

Ma

rc

h Q

ua

rt

er

20

18

ISSN 1442–3987

consumer price index australia · 2019-03-04 · you provide to the abs. privacy any discrepancies...

Documents