container gardening - garden & landscape expo 2019container soils • limited root space •...
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Container Gardening
Developed by: Barb Larson, Kenosha Co. UWEXLisa Johnson, Dane Co. UWEX
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Why Garden in Containers?
• Awful soil on‐site• More options for plant placement
• Limited time• Limited mobility• Limited funds• Limited space• Apartment or condo rules
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Container Gardening
• Container types• Container soils• Watering• Fertilizing• Plants• Designing with containers
Photo: Hobro Solutions3
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Containers• Container drainage is crucial for plant survival!
• Match pot size to plant type and growth rate
• Small containers may dry out too quickly
• Mouth of the container should not be not too narrow if there are several plants or many stems on a single plant
vgreene.com
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Containers
Clay• Porous, can wick moisture out of the media and dry out the rootball
• Soak in water before planting
• May freeze and crack in winter; store indoors
• Heavy • Expensive
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ContainersPlastic, resin, fiberglass• Hold water longer than clay (not porous)
• Black plastic gets very hot—can cook your roots
• Lighter in weight• May be less expensive • Plastic or resin may fade or crack in sun
• Some plastic pots don’t last long
• Plastic pot recycling 6
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Containers
Stone/Cement• Durable!• Heavy• Expensive, but hard to abscond with when in place!
• Faux stone may be an option or painting clay or plastic pots with spray‐paint stone finishes
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ContainersGlazed Ceramic• Very popular• Many colors, textures and sizes
• Expensive• Don’t leave outside over winter—may crack
• Heavy
Oldtimepottery.com
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Containers
Wood• Half‐barrels• Teak, cedar, redwood• Paintable and sealable• Need more maintenance
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Windowboxes
• Plastic or metal• Avoid if too narrow or shallow –not enough space for roots
• Check often for water
• May seasonally change some of the plantings
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Windowboxes
Metal frames with fiber, sphagnum moss or coco‐mat liners
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Hanging baskets
• Hanging baskets, balls, wall planters
• Plastic or metal• Dry out very fast• Vertical gardening is great for small spaces
• Metal: use sphagnum moss or coco‐mat liners
• Make sure your hook will support the weight of your basket
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Hanging baskets
gardensquirrel.com
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Hanging balls
15 Ferndale‐lodge.co.uk
thegerminatrix.com
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Non-traditional Containers
All you need are some drainage holes
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Non-traditional Containers
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Wall Planters
18Kelliellis.comWestelm.com
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Wall Planters
19 Gapyearworldwide.com
Westelm.com
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Living Picture or Wall Planters
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Living wall planters at thegreenhead.com
The plants grow in a planting grid, and a cedar wood frame houses a watering tray on top that trickles water down to each cell in the grid. Excess water collects in a tray on the bottom.
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Living Picture or Wall Planters
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Patioproductions.com
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Container Soils
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Container Soils
• Limited root space• Cannot use garden soil—
use bagged potting soil. Can amend with bagged compost or topsoil, no more than 4:1 (potting soil:compost)
• Shallow pots dry out faster than deep
• Poor drainage at bottom on taller planters
• Covering holes?23
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Container Soils
Soil‐less mixes have:• A mineral component such as vermiculite or perlite• An organic component such as peat, fir bark or pine bark• May have slow‐release fertilizer, if not are low in nutrients• Very porous, hold water well, good for root growth
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Planting in Containers•Pre‐moisten the media if needed
• Pre‐moisten plants if needed• Cover drainage holes or add gravel if desired
• Add old water bottles, soup cans or butter tubs if needed to reduce depth of soil and container weight
• Do not re‐use old soil if plants were diseased
• Spread roots if root‐bound
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Fertilizing• Starter fertilizers
–Higher in phosphorusPromotes rooting
• Water soluble fertilizers• Slow release fertilizers• Organic fertilizers• Follow the label• Water thoroughly so the water comes through the drainage holes thegreenninja.com
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Fertilizing• If using water soluble,
apply every two weeks –due to leaching, slow release, once only
• If very hot, don’t apply that week
• Apply less during July ‘slump’
• May want to use a ‘bloom builder’ for some plants
• If plants are very dry, don’t fertilize, water
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Watering Guidelines
• How often??• Check on a daily basis
starting at the end of May or the beginning of warm weather
• Factors affecting water usage include media, temperature, wind, sun, container size & type and plant type
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Watering Guidelines
• Moisten entire root zone so water drips out the bottom, then allow to dry out a little
• Avoid doing light waterings
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AnnualsMany choices ‐ some ornamental annuals that do well:
• Coleus• Impatiens• Petunias• Snapdragons• Salvia• Sw. Potato Vines• Geraniums• Begonias• Celosia • Marigolds• Ornamental Kale
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Vegetables• Allow enough space for root
development!• Choose compact, bush, patio or
dwarf varieties• If trellising, make sure the trellis
can support the plant and the pot is heavy enough for both
• Recommended species vegetables for containers include lettuce, spinach, radishes, bush‐type peas, peppers, chard, patio or cherry tomatoes, bush cucumbers
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Vegetables
• For peppers, chard, and dwarf tomatoes use pots holding 2‐5 gallons soil
• For larger tomatoes, cucumbers or egg plant use pots holding at least 10 gallons of soil
• For lettuce and radishes, pots must be at least 6‐8” deep
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Herbs
• Annual herbs are the easiest as they do not have to be overwintered
• If growing herbs indoors, the more light, the better 4‐6+ hours
• If indoors, watch for spider mites, aphids and whiteflies.
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• Variegated sage, purple sage, or golden sage
• Greek Oregano• Cuban Oregano • Rosemary • Marjoram• Basil• Thyme• Chives• Summer savory
Herbs
greenfingers.com
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Perennials Some perennials that can work in pots include bulbs, asters, ferns, sedum, astilbe, heuchera, some campanula, hens‐and‐chicks, phlox, some ornamental grasses and hostas.
oregonlive.com
msuecares.com
Forest & Kim Starr WIKIMEDIA COMMONS
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Success With Containers
• If using mixed plantings, combine plants with similar cultural needs
• Be aware of water, light and fertility requirements
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• Full sun = 6+ hours/day
• Partial sun = 3‐5 hours/day
• Partial shade = dappled sun for a few hours
• Shade = no direct light
Success With Containers
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Trends in Container Design
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• Groupings• Tropicals• Vegetables and
ornamental edibles
• One plant species vs many/pot
• Repeating similar colors in different textures
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Designing with Containers
Mixed forms: Thriller, filler, spiller—can have more than one of each• Texture• Contrast• Color palette• Color Repetition
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• Horizontal planters:
• Avoid planting in straight rows
• Vary heights of main plants
• Soften with filler plants
Designing with Containers
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Thank You!
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Lisa Johnson5201 Fen Oak Drive
Ste. 138 Madison WI 53718
608-224-3715711 for Wisconsin Relay
[email protected]://dane.uwex.edu/horticulture