CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................

2. STRUCTURE OF THE INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN

THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA ............................................................................................ 2.1. BASIC DOCUMENT - INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA....................................................................................................................... 2.2. SECTORS' STRATEGIES ............................................................................................... 2.3. FUNCTIONAL STRATEGIES ..............................................................................................

3. EUROPEAN UNION AND INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT.........................

4. EUROPEAN CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT ..................... 4.1. EU AND WESTERN BALKANS .......................................................................................... 4.2. THREE PILLARS OF THE EUROPEAN CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT .......... 4.3. INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PARAMETERS IN WESTERN BALKAN .................

5. HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF BORDERS................................... 5.1. GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES ............................................................................................. 5.2. TYPES AND NUMBER OF BORDER CROSSING POINTS ..........................................................

6. SERVICES IN THE INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN

SERBIA............................................................................................................................... 6.1. MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS – BORDER POLICE .......................................................... 6.2. MINISTRY OF FINANCE – CUSTOMS.................................................................................. 6.3. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, AND WATER MANAGEMENT ..................................

7. SYSTEM SUPPORT ..........................................................................................................

8. REVIEW OF BORDER MANAGEMENT IN SERBIA ..................................................... 8.1. INTRA-SERVICE CO-OPERATION AND CO-ORDINATION ........................................................

8.1.1. Ministry of Interior – Border Police ........................................................................... 8.1.2. Ministry of Finance – Customs .................................................................................

8.1.3. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management- Veterinary and Phyto-Sanitary Inspection................................................................. 8.2. INTER-AGENCY CO-OPERATION AND COORDINATION ......................................................... 8.3. INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION ...................................................................................... 8.4. LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS .......................................................................... 8.5. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT .................................................................................. 8.6. PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................... 8.7. HUMAN RESOURCES AND TRAINING.................................................................................. 8.8. COMMUNICATION........................................................................................................... 8.9. INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS......................................................................... 8.10. INFRASTRUCTURE AND EQUIPMENT.................................................................................. 8.11. BUDGET .......................................................................................................................

9. VISAS, ASYLUM, AND ILLEGAL MIGRATIONS...........................................................

10. STRATEGIC GOALS IN INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT............................ 10.1. GENERAL GOAL ............................................................................................................. 10.2. PARTICULAR OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................... ANNEX 1: GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BORDER ANNEX 2: BORDER CROSSINGS ANNEX 3: REVIEW OF LEGAL REGULATIONS

Pursuant to the Article 45, paragraph 1, of the Law on Government (“Official Gazette RS”, No. 55/05 and 71/05-amendment), the Government adopts

Integrated Border Management

STRATEGY

in the Republic of Serbia 1. INTRODUCTION Joining the European Union (EU) is the strategic orientation for the Republic of Serbia, which implies the acceptance of adopted European values and standards in the whole range of fields. Free circulation of persons and goods between member states of the EU requires introduction of certain measures, referring among other things to introduction of high control standards of external EU borders. As to the north Serbia borders with Hungary, member of the EU, and having in view the expected joining to the EU of other neighbouring countries, it is of great importance to introduce and apply consistently the concept of integrated border management to be compatible with present solutions in the region and the EU. The European Union has developed an efficient border control and management system, enabling free mobility and circulation of persons and goods, preventing the trans-border crime, respecting at the same time the high standards in protecting human rights and freedoms. Not only is the adoption of the Integrated Border Management Strategy in the Republic of Serbia (hereinafter: Strategy) a precondition for a successful implementation of the Agreement on Stabilization and Association, but the implementation of this concept is concomitantly a clear indication to foreign partners that the Republic of Serbia is ready to contribute to security in the region, to become a reliable partner with the EU in control of its borders, to provide the membership in the World Trade Organisation, to enable income in foreign investments, and also that it is ready to build a relevant legal and institutional framework necessary for the use of foreign financial aid in this field. Standards of the EU that Republic of Serbia is adopting by this document, and all necessary investments in the system of integrated border management, represent therefore an investment into our future membership with the European Union, on the one hand, and on the other, implementation of these standards offers security to the citizens of Republic of Serbia, creating preconditions for the development of economic activities and unimpeded trans-border trade. The Strategy is based on the Serbian National Strategy for the Association of Serbia-Montenegro to the European Union and on the current reform processes in the country, mostly those cited in the document The European Partnership. Besides, as the source of examples of good practices and adopted standards in this field, we used the Directions of the European Commission for Integrated Border Management for the Western Balkan States, the Schengen Catalogue, the Schengen Acquis, and

also the signed international conventions in the field of human rights protection, the rights of asylum seekers, and those of refugees. Using experiences from the best practices, as applied in the EU, the Republic of Serbia will endeavour to overcome the existing system barriers, and, in accordance with her specificities, to set the priorities for actions, to effectuate comprehensive and fundamental changes, to systematize procedures of the state bodies at borders in accordance with EU rules and standards.

2. STRUCTURE OF THE INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA The Strategy is a document by which the Republic of Serbia determines her policy in the field of establishing a system of integrated border management, sets a framework for the elaboration of harmonized and synchronized sectors’ strategies and for implementation plans, defines roles and responsibilities of state subjects, identifies strategic goals, and decides on basic directions for actions during the process of establishing and realizing the long-term sustainability and stability of the established system of integrated boarder management. Diversity and complexity of tasks performed at borders, great number of stakeholders, necessity for a closer intra-service, inter-agency and international co-operation, great discrepancy between the real and desired state of affairs, and other aggravating factors, all contribute to the fact that an all-encompassing strategy for developing an integrated border management system is supposed to be an enormously complex and vast document. In order to enable an insight into the wholeness of the problem and at the same time to avoid danger of losing important details, the Strategy is structured into three levels: basic document, sectors’ strategies, and functional strategies, that are base for creation of the Action Plan, which will be adopted by the Government. 2.1. Basic document - Integrated Border Management Strategy in the

Republic of Serbia The Basic Document of the Strategy sets frameworks for the system of integrated border management, the roles and responsibilities of border services, strategic goals on national level, and main course of action, including obligations of certain subjects to develop strategies for integrated border management in their relevant sectors, and to take part in developing strategies for the implementation of certain functions, the use of which they are interested in. 2.2. Sectors’ Strategies The sectors' strategies of border services are expected to make a detailed analysis of the existing state of affairs, to note shortcomings, and to offer concrete suggestions for the achievement of realistic goals, which must be in accordance with frameworks set by the Basic Document of the Strategy and harmonized mutually. 2.3. Functional Strategies The functional strategies in the integrated border management system refer to the fields in which there is common interest of several border services. As such, the strategies should provide for a framework of coordinated development and for the realization of such a function, using optimally limited national resources. Functions in the integrated border management system, for which adequate functional strategies should be developed, are: joint training, telecommunications and information-technological systems, infrastructure and equipment, but there is enough leeway for functional systematization of other fields as well.

3. EUROPEAN UNION AND INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT Relations between the SCG and the EU, marked in the nineties by sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and mediatory role of the bodies and representatives of the European Union, changed completely in October 2000. Already in November of that year a Framework Agreement on the realization of aid and support between the FRY and EU was signed, and the FRY became participant in the process of stabilization and association. The EU adopted in October 2004 a new ‘double track’ approach toward Serbia and Montenegro in the field of economic harmonisation. Regional co-operation and good neighbourly relations in the region of southeast Europe are still under the influence of trends in former decades, and level of political, economic, cultural, judicial, and other forms of co-operation are unsatisfactory. Ever since the end of 2000, a considerable improvement in relations with neighbours and other states in southeast Europe was achieved. There are numerous multilateral (particularly important is the Agreement on Succession) relations with most of the states in the region, and a whole range of very important bilateral agreements were singed, resolving not only the matters needed in inter-state relations (e.g. establishment of diplomatic relations), but also a great number of issues referring to status, mobility, or material interests of legal entities and private persons. Diverse regional co-operation and good neighbourly relations are among priorities of the SCG foreign policy, and also of her policy in accessing the European Union. Regional co-operation will be emphasized in the following fields: political dialogue, free trade, freedom of movement of persons, goods, and capital, freedom of settlement, and also a close co-operation in the fields of justice and internal affairs. The concept of the European Union as regards the integrated border management implies that the borders are to be open for trade and flow of people, for regional co-operation, both within a region and between regions and the European Union. Facilitation of the regular trans-border communication effectuates an economic development of the whole region and contributes to diminishment of poverty. At the same time, borders should be closed for criminal and other activities jeopardizing stability and security in the region. The whole region has to fight against organized crime, terrorism, illegal migrations, and human trafficking, particularly at border crossings.

4. EUROPEAN CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT Regular duties in controlling the state borders relate to persons, transportation means, and goods, which entails control at border crossings, prevention of uncontrolled entrance cross the borders, including the issues related to seeking asylum, and treatment of arrested persons without documents, in accordance with international charters and conventions. Control duties at state borders include tasks connected with various aspects of border security breaches, such as: prevention of smuggling of goods, narcotics, arms, and persons across borders, danger of spreading diseases infectious to people, animals and plants, strengthened control due to threats of international terrorism, protection of the unlawful interference in the operation of the equipment, and others. Suppression of those requires a wide spectrum of strict control mechanisms. On the other hand, increase of scope in international trade, tourism, cultural and educational exchanges require more open borders. Therefore, border services have to create a balance between strict controls and completely open borders, and close co-operation of various services can contribute to creation of such a balance. Some of those duties can be clearly attributed to certain services, but a considerable zone of overlapping of authorities is also notable, particularly in customs service and border police. In those situations, clearly defined competences and professional co-operation are preconditions for a successful overcoming of challenges. And, although the border security is mostly under authority of the border police, all bodies have an important role in achieving real security at borders. The EU has introduced the concept of integrated border management (IBM), which is not a new one, as the countries candidates (now member states) for the European Union have developed in the last few years their own systems of border management within the framework of integrated border management (IBM). Efficient border management and real border security are of exceptional importance for the region and Europe as a whole, but also important factors in the process of stabilization and association (PSA) which lead the countries in the region towards the goal of European integrations. Basic principles of efficient border management in the context of European standards are:

• Openness of borders for trade and movement of persons. Borders must be open for regional co-operation, for co-operation among the regions, and also between regions and the European Union. Openness of borders implies free trade and mobility of people as key factors of the Agreement on Stabilization and Association, with full respect for human rights and freedoms.

• Closeness of borders for all criminal activities and other activities which jeopardize stability in the region. Problems related to smuggling of all kinds, illegal migrations, terrorism, and organized crime must be resolved throughout the region, particularly at the border. Struggle against crime, strengthening of state institutions, particularly judicial bodies and border services, and establishment of the rule of law are the foundation for the progress of a nation on the road to European integrations.

The European Union has transferred control of internal movement of goods and persons from border crossings to services active on the territory of each of the member states. At the same time, the Union defined the rules and standards in accordance with which the crossing of outer borders of the Union evolves. The

system of external EU borders management is under development, consisting of rules, best practices and recommendations, and offers ways of solving operational requirements. The last enlargement of the EU moved external borders of the Union to the borders in the region of Western Balkans, so that all countries in the region, except for Bosnia and Herzegovina, are directly facing their neighbours who apply rules of the Union on movement of goods and persons. 4.1. EU and Western Balkans Actual situation in the Western Balkan requires a specific approach to integrated border management, mostly relying on coordination and co-operation among all relevant services and agencies involved in border control, facilitation of trade and co-operation in border regions in order to build efficient, effective, and integrated border management systems, aimed at realizing a common task of creating open but controlled and safe borders. The document upon which the concept of integrated border management for the Western Balkan is based is "The Regional CARDS Programme for Western Balkan – Multi-Year Indicative Programme 2002-2006 (MIP)". According to the document, western Balkan states in general have no comprehensive approach to border management, which inevitably brings about poor results. As the problems are so interrelated that they cannot be solved efficiently if separated, an encompassing approach to border management presents a unique solution, and therefore:

• The neighbouring countries must improve their co-operation in the field of common border management;

• The border services must co-operate to a larger extent so that border crossings become more open in terms of flow of trade and persons, and at the same time more functional in suppressing trans-border crime;

• Problems of border management can be resolved not only by actions at borders, but activities on the level of the whole country have to be involved. Border management implies activities on the level of the whole country, where the role of central authorities is of special import.

Three basic elements are distinguished in this relation:

• Facilitation of trade • Control of borders • Co-operation of bordering regions

4.2. Three pillars of the European concept of integrated border management Integrated border management is to be viewed as a large package of activities aimed at solving the strategic and practical challenges in border management, not as independent modules having no effect-cause relation one to another. The main fulcrum for an integrated border management in western Balkan are:

• Intra-service Co-operation • Inter-agency Co-operation • International co-operation

Intra-service Co-operation is a co-operation inside ministries and services authorised for certain duties. Co-operation within services has two aspects. The vertical co-operation consists of co-operation at different administrative levels, from a ministry to the units working at the border. The horizontal co-operation within

services is required in relations between individual border crossings, as well as among control stations inside the country. Both forms of co-operation require a clear division of responsibilities, an active communication, and regulated flow of information. Inter-agency co-operation, the border services, as well as ministries and other authorities competent for those services are obliged to secure adequate co-operation and coordination, that includes everyday operational contacts at border crossings (at formal and informal levels), and is widened up to the adoption of accorded middle-range and long-term strategy. Co-operation is to lead up to an optimal solution for practical matters, such as harmonisation of politics and practices when necessary, development and funding of new infrastructures, possibilities for their mutual use, and IT services, but also development of common training for the existing and new servicepersons. The following is recommended as general mechanisms for co-operation between services at borders and inside a country:

• Coordinated acting, implying a harmonised operation of border services, with clearly defined competencies and procedures.

• Integration of information systems (IT), which covers border security, by exchanging information between border services.

International co-operation can be divided onto three levels:

• Local co-operation of border services on both sides of the border; • Bi-lateral co-operation among neighbouring countries; • Multilateral co-operation, aimed at issues relating to border management.

Bi-lateral co-operation comprises contacts among neighbouring countries related to status issues of various border crossings, coordination of border patrols at both sides of the border, establishment of joint patrols, foundation of mutual liaison offices in order to intensify communication and information exchange, and also coordination and co-operation in matters related to infrastructure and eventual creation of joint control. Multilateral co-operation, aimed at matters concerning border management, is one of the ways of an easier information exchange, and it can be enlarged to encompass mutual operational co-operation and establishment of joint research teams, which contributes to a more efficient prevention of trans-border crime. Efforts made in multilateral co-operation are also an investment in long-term preparations of countries for eventual joining with various EU systems. 4.3. Integrated border management system parameters in western Balkan The system of integrated border management and its individual elements are viewed, developed, and followed by eight parameters:

1. Legal and regulatory framework, 2. Organization and management, 3. Procedures, 4. Human resources and training, 5. Communication 6. Information technology, 7. Infrastructure and equipment, 8. Budget.

These parameters will be applied consistently as attributes of situation reviews and in the development of strategic goals.

5. HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF BORDERS With dissolution of the SFRY, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was founded in 1992, consisting of two Republics, Republic of Serbia and Republic of Montenegro. The first step toward reconstructing the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Belgrade Accord, signed on 14 March 2002, on reconstructing relations between Serbia and Montenegro. The Constitutional Charter for the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, which replaced the FRY according to terms set by the Belgrade Accord, was adopted in the beginning of February 2003, with what the FRY was transformed into the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. In harmony with the UN Security Council Resolution 1244, Kosovo and Metohija is under direct administration of the United Nations, with due respect for the sovereignty of the FRY in Kosovo and Metohija, until the decision on the final legal status is reached. 5.1. Geographical features Republic of Serbia covers the territory of 88.361 km2 and borders with seven states: Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Albania, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Total length of the state frontier of the Republic of Serbia is 2.114,2 km, out of which:

States Green border (km)

Blue border (km)

Total (km)

Hungary 156,4 18 174,4 Rumania 257,2 289,3 546,5 Bulgaria 340,1 27 367,1 Macedonia 237,5 35,5 237 Albania 108,1 3 111,1 Bosnia and Herzegovina

154,3 185,2 382,8

Croatia 121,7 137,6 259,3 A more detailed list of the geographical features is contained in the Annex 1, which is part of the Strategy. There is a conditional classification into ‘old’ borders inherited from SFR Yugoslavia (Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria and Albania), and ‘new’ borders created after the dissolution of SFRY and international acknowledgment of former Yugoslav republics as new states (Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia). Green border The state border with Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, and Albania is determined completely, delineated and marked appropriately, with no disputable parts. The border with Bosnia and Herzegovina is not defined, i.e. no demarcation was effected, so that it is taken to be approximate. Process of demarcation with Bosnia and Herzegovina has started in 2001 with the foundation of the Inter-state Diplomatic

Commission for the State Border Between FRY and B&H, but it is stalled due to differences in standpoints of the two sides. Process of demarcation with Croatia is in the preparatory phase, and the cadastre border is treated as an approximate one. Aimed at realizing the procedure of demarcation, pursuant to the Conclusion of the Government of Serbia of 29.12.2004, an inter-state diplomatic commission was founded to identify – determine the border line and to prepare the Contract on State Frontier Between SCG and Croatia. Border with Macedonia is determined, but it is still not marked. The process of marking the border is underway. Along the border with Albania, on the part of the state border with Macedonia, and also at the airport “Priština”, the control of crossing the state border is performed by the members of international forces stationed in Kosovo and Metohija, in accordance with the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244. Blue border The natural border of the Republic of Serbia consists also of three internationally navigable rivers: the Danube – with Croatia and Rumania, where navigation regime is regulated by the Convention on Navigation Regime on the Danube; the Sava – with Bosnia, where navigation regime is regulated by General Agreement on river basin of the Sava river with Annexes and by Protocol on navigation regime; and the Tisa, where the navigation regime is regulated by a bi-lateral agreement with Hungary. Also, the blue border with B&H is delineated by the river Drina, but it is not an international navigable route. 5.2. Types and number of border crossing points There are 71 border crossings open on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, out of which 60 border crossings are for international traffic (36 road, 11 railway, 3 airport, and 10 river crossings), 8 border crossings are for local cross-border traffic, 2 border crossings are for inter-state traffic, and 1 border crossing is for exceptional traffic. Border crossings can be classified according to several criteria:

Type of traffic Category of traffic

Border Crossing Point Number of BCPs Border Crossing Point Number of

BCPs Road traffic 44 International traffic 59 Railway traffic 11 Inter-state traffic 2 River traffic 10 Cross-border traffic 9 Air traffic 3 Exceptional traffic 1 Ferry traffic 3

A more detailed list of the BCPs, types of traffic, category of traffic and presence of the border services is contained in the Annex 2, which is part of the Strategy

6. SERVICES IN THE INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN SERBIA

Basic precondition for the implementation of the integrated border management in practice is an efficient co-operation and coordination in the work of all border services, and their co-operation with other state bodies, institutions, and international subjects. Services present at the border are: the border police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Customs Administration of the Finance Ministry, and the Veterinary and Phyto-Sanitary Inspection of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management. Those four border services, by their joint work at borders, should guarantee basic preconditions for an efficient system of control and surveillance at borders. Each of those bodies has a specific task and role in the system of integrated border management, but it is of utmost importance to harmonise their work and to establish mechanisms for their co-operation. 6.1. Ministry of Internal Affairs – Border police Border police, as an organizational unit in the Ministry of Internal Affairs performs duties related to control of crossing and securing the state borders; it undertakes measures to suppress cross-border crime – particularly illegal immigration, trafficking of persons, smuggling of narcotic drugs, weapons, forbidden substances, prevention of false and fake travel documents; crime-intelligence duties – collecting and analysing crime-intelligence data in regards to cross-border crime, following of moves of international criminal perpetrators and terrorists, and acts against them; duties related to movement and sojourn of foreigners; it participates in procedures of acknowledging asylums; it performs normative and legal tasks, controlling legality of work and doing logistic duties; as well as other duties as prescribed by law. 6.2. Ministry of Finance – Customs Customs, as an administrative body of the Finance Ministry carries out the measures of customs surveillance and control of customs goods; it executes the customs procedures; it calculates and charges customs duties, other import fees, value added taxes, and imported luxury goods taxes; it executes preventive and subsequent control based on the principle of selectivity and risk analysis; it carries out the legally prescribed procedures aimed at discovering customs offences and criminal acts; it enacts the original and second-degree administrative proceedings; it controls foreign currency exchange in import and export of dinar and hard currency tenders in international travel and cross-border traffic with foreign countries; it controls import, export, and transit traffic of goods for which special security measures are prescribed for protection of health and environment, of protected flora and fauna, of wastes, of national riches with historical, artistic or archaeological value, protecting intellectual rights and similar; processes and follows statistically data on import and export, and performs other duties in compliance with laws and other regulations. 6.3. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management through its inspection services at the border and in the country (Veterinary, Phyto-Sanitary and Agriculture Inspection) is responsible for the cross border traffic of the plants, animals, and agricultural plants and animal origin foodstuffs.

Veterinary Inspection Veterinary Directorate, part of administration in the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management, performs duties of the state office, and expert tasks in managing the system of health care and animal welfare, security and food quality of animal origin, and animal food, in health care for people. Veterinary Directorate performs duties of veterinary-sanitary control at the border crossings, regarding import, transport and export of the animals, products of animal origin, animal origin foodstuffs, animal food, veterinary medicaments, cures and facilities, as well as other duties in compliance with laws and other regulations. Phyto-Sanitary Inspection Directorate for Plant Protection, part of administration in the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management, performs following duties: duties of the state office, and expert tasks in managing the phyto-sanitary system in the Republic of Serbia; assessment of risk from importing, appearance and spreading out of dangerous organisms; developing information system and system for fast warning; performs health control and inspection of plants, plant origin products, means of protection and nourishment of plants at import, export, and transit with loading over; supervises production and turnover of seeds and planting materials, means of protection and nourishment of plants, and performs other duties in compliance with laws and other regulations. 7. SYSTEM SUPPORT Complexity of jobs performed at a border requires support of other state bodies and institutions to the work done by border services. In order to establish and maintain the system of integrated border management compatible with European models and standards, it is imperative to involve:

• The Commission for preparation and organization of national strategies for management of security and control services in crossing the state border of the Republic of Serbia. This interim body of the Government of the Republic of Serbia is empowered, beside preparing the strategies, to give opinions on draft laws and sub-law acts which regulate matters concerning security and control of crossing the state border; initiates harmonisation of legal and sub-legal acts with standards of the European Union and Schengen Accords; proposes measures for ascertaining further directions in developing the integrated cross-border management services, as well as measures for determining other procedures, processes and methodologies for bodies authorised for cross-border administration; co-operates with competent representatives of the European Union, and with other international and foreign bodies and organizations.

• Ministry of Defence of Serbia and Montenegro is also competent, among

other things, in case of non-military challenges, risks, and threats to security such as: terrorism, national and religious extremism, organized crime and corruption, natural disasters, industrial and other catastrophes, and epidemics. Also, according to decisions of the Supreme Council for Defence adopted in 2004, it is foreseen that one of the organizational changes in the Army of Serbia and Montenegro would be the transfer of the duties on securing the state border under the authority of the Ministries of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro.

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Serbia and Montenegro comprises

diplomatic-consular legations which are, among other things, authorised to issue visas to foreign subjects who intend to stay on the territory of the SCG or transit through the territory of SCG. This Ministry is also authorised to hold negotiations and contract agreements with neighbouring countries on state borders, and to conclude and implement bilateral agreements on marking, renewal, or maintenance of border lines and border markings at determined state border points.

• Ministry of Human and Minorities Rights of Serbia and Montenegro is

authorised to perform duties related to realization and follow-up of the Constitutional Charter of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, the Charter of Human and Minorities Rights and Civic Liberties, international contracts and laws, guaranteed rights and freedoms of man and citizen, and rights of national minorities; it follows the realization of the rights of refugees as regulated by international multilateral and bilateral agreements; it performs duties related to extradition and provides international legal help; it coordinates activities connected to contracting and following of international agreements in the field of readmission, and other duties as regulated by law.

• Ministry of Health performs duties in state administration with sanitary

inspectors in compliance with currently lawful and legal regulations. In future by adopting the appropriate lawful regulations, the Ministry of Health will be responsible only in emergency cases of controlling infectious diseases and the procedures for controlling the contagions. When the prevention of spreading of disease in country and towards neighbouring countries is needed, it’s necessary to have clear, efficient and easy implemented plan and procedures for those cases. Especially important co-operation between border services and this Ministry will be in combating the drugs.

• Ministry of Capital Investment within which are several sectors that are

supporting the integrated border management and that are competent in this area, first of all in the position of foreign shippers while transporting the goods and passengers through the territory of the Republic of Serbia, on the waterways where the international and inter-state navigable regime are in effect. Parts of the Sector for the river traffic and navigation security are organisational units of the Port Authority which are also competent in controlling the international traffic on international waterways. Likewise, the Sector for the road traffic and the Sector for the air traffic are playing an important part in control of trans-border traffic, for it controls, through its inspection bodies, traffic of passengers and goods over the border crossings at the blue border. To regulate the traffic between two states the bilateral agreements are needed. If there is no Agreement, then the competent Ministry for the traffic, in this case Ministry of Capital Investment starts the procedure for its signing (its own initiative or initiative of the other part interested in regulating the cross border traffic). The Ministry of Capital Investment co-ordinates other competent state authorities on drafting agreements on regulating cross border traffic (for all types of the traffic), prepares Draft agreements and Proposed guidelines for negotiations, as well as other materials necessary to start negotiations with other country in order to sign bilateral agreements on regulating cross border traffic. The Ministry of Capital Investment also performs duties of state administration that refer to determination of conditions for the construction of structures and

communications, including those at border crossings, and it also performs works of geodesic engineering.

• Ministry of Public Administration and Local Self-Government comprises

the state inspection service which supervises the work of all administrative bodies.

• Ministry of Justice has a role in the process of integrated border

management to improve co-operation on bilateral, regional, and international levels, by applying bilateral and multilateral conventions which regulate cross-border co-operation.

• Ministry of Trade, Tourism, and Services undertakes measures on creating

the conditions for the free trade of goods and services on one hand, and on suppressing illegal activities on the other hand, by institutional and concrete measures of trade inspection in its area of the competences within internal turnover of goods. The trade inspection informs foreign companies on conditions of the internal turnover of goods and on necessary documentation regarding the quality of industrial non-alimentary products and products’ safety; and also controls implementation of these regulations. The Ministry performs the tasks of the inspection surveillance on the implementation of the regulations in the area of tourism and catering-tourist through the Tourist Inspection Service.

• Ministry of International Economic Relations is competent for improving

the international economic relations, politics and foreign trade regime, foreign investments, coordination of activities in the field of planning, procuring, and using donations and other forms of aid from abroad. The Ministry of International Economic Relations conducts process of negotiations referring to the membership of the Republic of Serbia with the World Trade Organization, and trade negotiations with the European Union. It is important to note that the Ministry of International Economic Relations co-operates closely with business people of Serbia, including foreign investors, directly or through their associations.

• Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection which adopts solutions

and issues licences in connection with cross-border turnover of poison and other dangerous materials, in compliance with international obligations and national legislature. Also, this Ministry performs duties of ecological inspection and supervision, controlling circulation of sources of ionic radiation, toxic matters, wastes, protected plants and animal species, substances that damage the ozone layer.

• Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Police, aimed at better and

efficient control of entering the foreigners into the territory of the Republic of Serbia in order to be employed, performs duties of the state office which among other things are related to employment of the foreigners in the territory of the Republic of Serbia and issuing work permits, application of the international conventions and other international documents in the field of employment and migrations.

• The EU Integration Office is the Government body, which performs duties

related to the European integration and offers expert help to the Government and ministries and competent organisations in adjusting regulations according to the EU standards.

• Republic Statistic Institution which performs expert duties related to

gathering, processing, statistical analysis, and publication of statistical data.

• Republic Geodesy Institution, which makes the state survey and cadastres, records rights on real property, their renewals, and maintenance.

• Republic Directorate for Property of the Republic of Serbia which keeps

unique records on immovable and collected records of movables in state property, performing expert duties referring to acquisition, conveyance, giving real and other property for use, i.e. lease, which is particularly important when it concerns property-legal relations at border crossings.

• Republic Institute for Informatics and Internet, which performs duties in

improving, developing, and functioning of the information system of the state bodies.

• Civil Aviation Directorate of Serbia and Montenegro, which among the

other duties is responsible, in co-operation with other authorities and airports, to determine specific areas as security-restrictive zones; to regulate and perform inspection’s surveillance of implementing the measures of controlling access of the passengers, employees and vehicles to those zones.

8. REVIEW OF BORDER MANAGEMENT IN SERBIA 8.1. Intra-service Co-operation and Co-ordination 8.1.1. Ministry of Interior – Border Police Within the Ministry of Interior there is a constant co-operation between the border police and other MoI organizational units which, in accordance with their authorities, are involved in activities concerning control and security at state borders, especially in the field of prevention of cross-border criminal activities and procedures taken with perpetrators of criminal acts. At local levels, relations of co-operation are realized on the level of border police stations and are apparent in exchange of data and information on interesting incidents and events security-wise. The border police stations in charge of securing and controlling border passes realize their co-operation with various other organizational units of the internal affairs secretariats in compliance with their competencies, as well as with organizational units within the Ministry. Despite the realized co-operation, there are no detailed regulated ways and procedures for co-operation, which in some cases creates a possibility for delaying and overlapping of competencies. Aimed at improving co-operation between all MoI organizational units, both on central and local levels, it is necessary to prepare internal standing orders to regulate common forms of co-operation, exchange of information, mutual work and training, common use of equipment and infrastructure on all levels. It is necessary, therefore, to regulate relations and procedures for the co-operation between border polices, and with other relevant police services engaged in suppression of cross-border crime, terrorism, as well as in the matters concerning visas, asylum, and migrations. 8.1.2. Ministry of Finance – Customs Activities of the customs services are rather extensive and specific, implying participation of all organizational units of customs service. Aimed at more efficient operations, particularly in the context of integrated border management, beside coordination of all customs subjects, it is necessary to improve co-operation with other organizational units in the Ministry of Finance. In this regard, the Ministry of Finance signed agreements on exchange of data with the Tax Administration, Directorate for Prevention of Money Laundering and Sector for Foreign Currency Inspection. Those agreements regulate exchange of data and information, with settled contents and dynamics of such exchange in both directions. 8.1.3. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management - Veterinary and Phyto-Sanitary Inspection The Rules on Internal Organization and Systematization of Work Posts of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management, set the framework for co-operation between organizational units within the Ministry. It is necessary to develop procedures of co-operation between all sectors and departments in the Ministry, aimed at more efficient and economic border management, and to harmonize procedures for co-operation, expedite the flow of information, and make them available to all interested parties.

8.2. Inter-agency Co-operation and Coordination The Law on State Administration sets a general framework for co-operation between state administration bodies that could be base for defining the procedures. Only daily work contacts are made at border crossings as a rule. In order to increase efficiency, improve the level of operational activity and mutual exchange of experiences and information, the co-operation between border services is to be set up, to be effective on all levels and based upon clearly defined tasks, responsibilities, and with rules for communication. This co-operation is to be expanded especially onto the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Defence, the Ministry of Capital Investment, the Ministry of Trade, Tourism and Services, judicial bodies, departments of local self-rule, and so on. The Ministry of Capital Investment, within the Sector for the river traffic and navigation security, through its organisational units – Port Authority, performs entering-exiting revisions at the river border crossings; direct inspection’s surveillance on navigable subjects with local and foreign flag navigating the international or inter-state waterways; follows the movements and retentions of the boats. 8.3. International co-operation International co-operation between border services runs at local level and through activities foreseen by bilateral and multilateral agreements. Co-operation is in the form of regular meetings and, if needed, in exceptional contacts, through exchange of informational leaflets, and in similar activities. A special form of co-operation is holding the meetings of local, or mixed sectors’ border commissions, and of chief commissions for solving border incidents. Frameworks for bilateral and multilateral international co-operation are set by agreements which regulate co-operation of border services and other authorities in various spheres, such as: solving the border incidents, international traffic, visa régime, foreign trade and turnover of goods, harmonization of customs systems, quarantine, plant and animal protection, and similar. The cited forms of co-operation are also realized through participation of our country in various international organizations and regional initiatives. Even though the international co-operation does exist and is unfolding very actively, the legal regulations impede full co-operation in the field of border activities, as there are no agreements on concrete co-operation with neighbouring countries. Also, the co-operation is not formally agreed upon through adequate institutions and there are no set procedures or means for its development. 8.4. Legal and regulatory frameworks Operations of border services are specified by legal and sub-legal enactments which regulate activities and responsibilities of border services, as well as rights and obligations of citizens in relation to crossing a state border, flow of goods and persons. Better part of this matter is settled by a range of bi-lateral and multilateral agreements which regulate different fields, such as: all forms of international traffic,

visa régime, customs conventions, foreign trade, quarantine, and plant and animal protection, and similar. In internal legislature some border services still apply certain laws and sub-law decrees adopted in the times of former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, i.e. after its dissolution, of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The laws from that period contain in great part certain stipulations which are outdated and inapplicable under the new social and economic circumstances. It is also necessary to revise some outdated international agreements, the application of which does not suit actual needs and life situations for which they were concluded. Having in perspective the cited shortcomings, it is necessary to adopt legal regulations, harmonised with the EU ordinances, as well as with the rules and principles of the World Trade Organisation. A list of regulations that are important for the Integrated Border Management is contained in the Annex 3, which is the part of the Strategy. 8.5. Organization and management In view of work organization referring to duties performed by border services at crossings, certain groups of tasks can simply be put under responsibility of one of the four major border services. On the other hand, some of the work is performed in co-operation between border services. For example, border police controls movement of people and of their travelling documents, but additionally it controls vehicles, which is partly the competence of the customs service. The customs, on the other hand, controls goods in certain situations in co-operation with veterinary and phyto-sanitary services. Under the conditions of enlarged scope of international trade and tourism, ever more efficient work of the border services is required so that they would not impede flow of goods, persons, and capital. On the other hand, increase in trans-border crime and threats of international terrorism and international organized crime present security challenges and risks to which states must clearly respond at the border. Therefore, management of border services, and their organization and position in the system of state administration should be structured on a basis which is in harmony with the concept of integrated border management. Organization of those services should at the same time secure clear division of competences, and it should be flexible enough to meet permanent changes in their environment. In agreement with border services in neighbouring countries it is necessary to rationalize and categorize border crossings. After the rationalization and categorization of border crossings is performed, it is necessary to determine which of the services must be present permanently and at what category of border crossings, respecting the EU standards. It is necessary to make a concept of joint risk analysis which will identify and deal with strong and weak points in those activities presently performed at a border. This analysis will assess the current situation and determine priorities in control of border crossings.

8.6. Procedures The number and complexity of jobs performed at a border caused the procedures which regulate the work of customs, border police, phyto-sanitary and veterinary control to be numerous, complex, and often insufficiently clear to people outside of those services. Based on gathered and processed statistical data, it is necessary to make an analysis of existing procedures from the aspect of creating conditions for the establishment of the integrated border management system. According to this analysis existing procedures will be reviewed, respecting the competences, but also the requirements for efficiency in operating. Besides, it is necessary to hold regular consultations among border services in regards to requested changes in certain procedures, in accordance with changes working circumstances. It is particularly important to establish procedures for action in exceptional circumstances, particularly so when it concerns the need for several services to act jointly, and when there is need for co-operation with border services in neighbouring countries. 8.7. Human resources and training Having in view the individual requirements of all border services, as well as the need to modernize border services as a whole, it is necessary to establish the adequate system of cadre planning and recruiting for border services. In order to achieve the goals of the integrated border management system, and to realize recommendations of the European Union, one of the most important preconditions is for border services to employ a sufficient number of servicepersons qualified for expert work in those services. In co-operation with other services and various international organizations, employees in border services attended different kinds of training, courses and workshops. Former scope of executed training, however, cannot meet in an adequate way the requirements of establishing the integrated border management system. Besides realizing the basic training and great number of various specialised courses, the training system of border servicepersons should be modernised and improved, in terms of creating plans and programmes for further advancement of gained knowledge. There is a need to harmonise the educational and training centres as well as the need of dedicated teaching staffs for the realization of training for border services members. It is also important to secure objective remuneration of servicepersons in compliance with achieved results, and to enable them to advance in services according to objective and known criteria with the aim to motivate the employees. In that way, decrease in corruption will also be effected. Managers of border services in a modern integrated border management system should be proficient in managerial skills in managing material and human resources equally well, and be cognizant of national regulations and inter-state agreements which make the frameworks for the work of their services.

Having in view the tasks and responsibilities of the services involved in management at borders, the basic procedures of other services should be included in the training. It is necessary to develop plans and teaching curricula, and to organize permanent joint education aimed at realizing mutual activities, in accordance with the concept of integrated border management, bearing in mind the new administrative procedures for joint actions of the border services and border services of the neighbouring countries. 8.8. Communication One of the priorities in co-operation between border services is the betterment and stepping up of information exchange and communications, defining of information flow between services on all levels, aimed at optimal performance of duties by all services individually or in executing joint activities. Holding the periodical joint meeting of services on all levels will contribute to the exchange of everyday field experiences, which is the basis for the realization of other activities which contribute to the improvement of co-operation between border services. Special attention will be dedicated on securing the constant, two ways communication with economic entities aimed at prompt exchange of information that are important for their business. It is necessary to define formal procedures of informing, determine clear procedures for a fast exchange of information, establish a way of early warning and informing, kind of data and information to be exchanged, as well as a joint automated and informed management of special statistical data gathered from all services. 8.9. Information-technological systems Telecommunications infrastructure in border areas does not satisfy the real needs for efficient work of the border services, both in terms of accession nets, and in transfer capacities. The existing radio-telephone systems are outdated and they cannot support border security duties. Bad telecommunications infrastructure is a bottleneck and hindrance for any serious information modernization of border crossings. One of the conditions for a successful communication and information exchange is the application of modern information and telecommunications equipment. Introduction of mutually connected and compatible information systems would facilitate more efficient performance of duties of border services. Beside information and communication equipment, in the domain of information-technological component of the integrated border management system, there also lacks the software support for gathering, local and central processing and presenting data which can be useful for border services’ work. There is no connection between information systems of border services. 8.10. Infrastructure and equipment The condition of infrastructure at border crossings varies depending on their position on old borders (Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, and Albania), or on border with former Yugoslav republics (Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia). Infrastructure at border crossings on old borders is mainly in good shape, providing relatively good working conditions. Infrastructure at border crossings on borders with

former Yugoslav republics is not satisfactory, and on a number of crossings there is no infrastructure at all, no electricity or a telephone line, no water or sewerage. Lack of adequate infrastructure at border crossings impedes the work of border services. However, despite this defect, there are no clearly defined common infrastructure requirements, ways of maintaining them, or the solution for the matters concerning property relations. Traffic infrastructure at all border crossings with former Yugoslav republics is not satisfactory, evinced in a small number of lanes, bad access roads, and complicated technology of traffic flow. It is necessary to secure adequate standardised infrastructure required for the work of all services located at a border. The matters concerning property relations and border crossings management should be regulated in a unified way. Equipment at most border crossings is obsolete and does not meet basic needs of modern control and security of borders, and at some border crossings there is no equipment at all. Each service at a border crossing uses its own equipment. Approach of common use of equipment contributes to a more efficient work of border services, heightens their optimal work and decreases cost. It is necessary to define the property rights at the border crossings since the State should be the owner. For the purpose of rationalising procedures of acquiring and use of financial means, it is necessary to define common infrastructure needs, and requirements for information technology and equipment. Strategic goal of border services is to achieve the level of technical and technological equipment of all activity segments, which will facilitate fulfilment of set tasks referring to integrated border management, in a way which is adequate to the most modern practice of border services in the European Union. 8.11. Budget All border services are financed by the budget of the Republic of Serbia, while the funds for duties for which customs, veterinary and phyto-sanitary inspection are authorised are provided in Allotment Chapters of bodies that they are part of, as they are indirect users of those resources. Duties of border police, as an organizational part of the MoI, are financed by allotment inside the MoI. The basic defect is that the border services define individually their own needs related to work at border crossings, i.e. there is no plan for a unified acquisition. In the last few years, in the field of integrated border management, a move forward was made owing to donors’ recommendations, and also due to training and donated equipment. Several big pilot investment projects provided equipment for border services including: infrastructure and structures at border crossings, surveillance systems, security of the green and blue state borders, integrated system of border control, and a unified data basis. Also, training of cross-border police and customs servicepersons in subjects such as border control, trafficking, and trans-border control is provided. However, in order to improve development of integrated reform strategies and to realize objectives of priority, the relevant ministries whose competence is to manage borders require additional financial, material, and technical aid. Analysis of sectors’

allotment of realized funds indicates to default of international assistance in the field of integrated border management, which is, due to its importance, an extremely unfavourable trend. 9. VISAS, ASYLUM, AND ILLEGAL MIGRATIONS On the level of the State Union, it is necessary to develop a unified approach to visa, asylum, and migration issues in accordance with the Constitutional Charter, particularly the full harmonization of visa regime in both Republics. Control mechanisms of the realization of asylum, migrations, and visa policies should be established, as they are prescribed in detail on the level of the State Union, but are applied only on the level of republics; also the initiative for undertaking measures should be addressed to the institutions of Serbia and Montenegro. As for the policy of visas, there are measures undertaken to harmonize policies of Serbia and Montenegro on the level of the State Union. In 2003 Serbia and Montenegro decided to change the visa regime and cancel unilaterally visas for about 40 European and non-European countries, including all the member countries of the European Union. Visa regime was introduced for several African and Asian countries, procedures for issuing visas to citizens of migratory risky countries and for countries from which victims of trafficking originate were also made stricter. Serbia and Montenegro has a reciprocal non-visa régime with all former Yugoslav republics, except with Slovenia. It is necessary to continue wi th activities related to harmonization of visa régime in accordance with recommendations of the European Union, but priorities are to be adapted to the Schengen Accord and to the black and white lists of the European Union. With the aim to make procedures of issuing visas better, it is necessary to improve the work of diplomatic-consular missions. Also, it is necessary to define precisely the cases of issuing a visa at the border (in exceptional cases), to change the rules on length of temporary stay, and to separate clearly visa régime from sojourn and work permits. As a transit country on the route of migrants from Asia and Africa toward the European Union, Serbia faces aggravated challenges in resolving problems of illegal migrants. In the context of modern migration flows, she represents a state of emigration which is at the same time exposed to intensive transit migratory movements. This actual situation causes complex consequences to security and state interests in general. In order to solve those problems, it is imperative to fend off illegal migrations, particularly those from our country to other countries of the European Union and countries candidates. The present problem in preventing illegal migrations in this region is inadequately secured border on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija, namely with Albania and Macedonia in the UNMIK zone of responsibility. Having in view that these two frontiers have an unimpeded flow of smuggling of drugs, trafficking, particularly as channels for human trafficking, it is necessary to take preventive measures to frustrate illegal migration on the level of the region of southeast Europe. Serbia and

Montenegro is ready, under certain conditions and UN guarantees, to secure this border in terms of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244. The right of asylum is a constitutionally guaranteed right in Serbia and Montenegro. However, development of the national asylum system is underway in harmony with international and EU standards. It is necessary to build an efficient national mechanism for the coordination of activities, and to create policy for struggling against human trafficking. In this regard, it is necessary to improve co-operation between governmental, non-governmental and international participants, to gather systematically data on human trafficking, on new forms of human trafficking, on profiles and reintegration of victims, and on possibilities of more efficient criminal persecution of culprits in human trafficking. In terms of fighting against human trafficking, both at border crossings and on the whole territory of the Republic of Serbia, it is necessary to improve co-operation between services within the Ministry of Interior, such as Criminal Investigation Directorate within which is Service for Combating Organized Crime, Border Police Directorate, and special task force to fight against human trafficking. International co-operation and good neighbourly relations should be strengthened in matters concerning asylum, migrations, readmissions, and struggle against human trafficking. It is necessary to widen the network of international agreements on readmission by signing and ratifying agreements with all member states of the EU, all candidates and potential member candidates, but also with countries wherefrom immigrants come to Serbia. Contracts on readmission have to set guarantees for a return in full safety and dignity. Successful reintegration in the country of origin is the key factor in sustainable return. It is necessary to establish a unified data base on legal and illegal migrants, issued visas, sojourn and work status of foreigners, and possibly any taken measures against them. In accordance with EU standards, it is necessary to set up special shelters for illegal migrants. It is also necessary to provide premises for the first accommodation of asylum seekers, and to improve existing accommodation facilities for victims of human trafficking. Members of border police, engaged in jobs of controlling and securing the state border should gain, though theory and practical training, the required knowledge and skills to identify potential asylum seekers, illegal migrants, and victims of human trafficking.

10. STRATEGIC GOALS IN INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT 10.1. General goal The goal of the Strategy is to define framework for a system which will enable establishment and long-term keeping of a border open for circulation of people and trade, but secure and close for all forms of trans-border criminal activities and all other activities that are the threat to security and stability in the region. Integrated border management system will be in accord with the rules, standards, and recommendations of the European Union for external borders. Realization of the general goal The task of greatest priority upon adoption of the basic document of the Strategy should be development of an action plan for its realization in practice, particularly development and adoption of separate strategies for implementation of the Strategy in sectors of border services, and strategies of implementation of the Strategy in functional fields of priority such as training, telecommunications and information-technology systems, infrastructure and equipment. The Basic document of the Strategy for by itself cannot encompass all actions necessary to be undertaken for its practical realization, so the list of activities, as part of the realization of particular objectives, should be taken as a frame not as a final one. Operational document of the implementation plan is yet to be developed, and it will be all-inclusive, but it will also follow the fate of the Strategy itself as a living document, which means that it will also be susceptible to necessary adaptations to real circumstances. 10.2. Particular objectives Particular objectives of the Integrated Boarder Management Strategy in the Republic of Serbia on national level, as part of the general strategic goal, are: Objective I – Legal and regulatory framework In the framework of this objective it is necessary to develop a detailed regulatory framework which would include laws, sub-law acts, and internal decrees of border services, harmonised with models, standards, and recommendations of the EU for external borders, and particularly the recommendations for Western Balkan. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Making of catalogue of valid ordinances of the Republic of Serbia. • Making of analysis of differences between valid ordinances and catalogue of

recommendations for the application of the Schengen Accord. • Making of harmonization of ordinances plan (structure, priorities, and

carriers). • Making of catalogue of ordinances and its adoption with greatest priority. • Contracting of inter-state agreements with neighbouring countries in relation

to co-operation in the field of border jobs. • Review of the existing agreements. • Signing of the clear procedures on co-operation between border services. • Categorization of border crossings in co-operation with competent authorities

of the neighbouring countries.

Objective II – Organization and management For the realization of this objective it is necessary to secure conditions for carrying out the National Strategy, for the establishment and long-term maintenance of functioning of the integrated border management system, via development of operational action plan on the national level, adoption of sectors’ strategies for border services, and securing their coordinated realization. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Adoption of joint plan for development of sectors’ strategies. • Making of the strategy for integrated border management in the sector of the

Ministry of Internal Affairs. • Making of the strategy for integrated border management in the sector of

Customs Department. • Making of the strategy for integrated border management in the sector of the

Veterinary Inspection service. • Development of the strategy for integrated border management in the sector

of the Phyto-Sanitary Inspection service. • Establishment of inter-agency working body of border services and define

competences. • Establishment of complete co-operation on all levels and in all directions

between border services. • Upon categorization, reorganization of services at border crossings.

Objective III - Procedures In practical implementation of the Strategy, it is necessary to harmonise the existing and develop the missing administrative procedures in joint performance of border services, during their regular work and in exceptional situations, and to secure their practical implementation. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Harmonisation and rationalisation of procedures at border crossings. • Development of procedures for activities in extraordinary situations in co-

operation with neighbouring countries. • Development of common manuals and guidance for local and neighbouring

countries’ border services. Objective IV – Human resources and training For the realization of this objective it is necessary to establish a system of cadre planning for border services, adapt the existing training plans to the models of training for members of border services in the member countries of the EU, and implement this programme of training. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Establishment of an adequate system of cadre planning for border services reinforcement.

• Harmonisation of the training system of border servicepersons with EU standards and best practices.

• Creation of plan and programme system for further improvement of gained knowledge (continual education) via specialized courses, as well as foreign language courses.

• Modernization of educational and training centres. • Organization of training for managers aimed at gaining managerial skills.

• Planning and realization of training mutual for two or more border services, as well as induction courses with basic work of other border services.

Objective V – Telecommunications infrastructure As part of the general strategic goal, it is necessary to establish an integrated telecommunications system of high availability and reliability, which will provide the border services with telephone, fax, radio, and computer connections in order to transfer speech, electronic documents, multimedia contents, computer data, and to work interactively with data bases, and other telecommunications services. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Development of functional strategies for development of telecommunications infrastructure system for integrated border management.

• Construction of earth telecommunications transport infrastructure. • Operational and technological communication of telecommunications at

border services on all levels. Objective VI – Information technology In the realization of this objective it is necessary to use optimally available national ?? resources of border services and state bodies, and secure a synchronized development of telecommunications sector information technologies in terms of ? support system to the integrated border management. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Development of strategies for information-technological support system for the integrated border management.

• Connection of border services information systems. • Connection with information systems of border services of countries in the

region. • Integration of border services into a system for gathering intelligence data.

Objective VII – Infrastructure and equipment The system of integrated border management can function efficiently only if adequate infrastructural and technical conditions are provided for, which follow the standards of the EU. In that sense, realistic investment plans should be developed synchronised between border services, state bodies, public and private sectors. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Development of strategies for joint infrastructural equipment of border crossings.

• Settlement of property-legal relations at border crossings. Objective VIII – Budget For the establishment and long-term maintenance of the integrated border management system, as provided by the general goal of the Strategy, it is necessary to secure stable funding for its establishment and continuity in work, and for further development. Special activities to be undertaken are:

• Establishment of mechanisms and instruments for planning the funding of joint infrastructural equipping.

• Establishment of mechanisms and instruments for optimal coordination of international aid.

11. CONCLUSION The Strategy to be published in the “Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia”. 05 No.: 28-402/2006 In Belgrade, 26 January 2006

The GOVERNMENT Transcript certified by PRIME MINISTER DEPUTY SECRETARY GENERAL Dragan Blešic Vojislav Koštunica, m.p.

ANNEX 1

GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF BORDERS State border with the Republic of Hungary, which generally extends in the southwest-northeast direction, is in its entirety defined, described and marked in a proper way and contains no disputable parts. The terrain in the border zone and the border area along the border line consists of plains and lightly rolling terrain, and is mostly cultivable and easily passable. The road network is well developed and provides good links among regional, municipal and countryside settlements in the border area. State border with the Republic of Romania, which generally extends in the northwest-southeast direction, is in its entirety defined, described and marked in a proper way and contains no disputable parts. As to the border line's relief features, there are two distinctive parts of the state border: the Banat part where the border line predominantly passes through land (only 34 km passing through the river) and where the terrain in the border zone and the border area consists of cultivable plains, and the Danube part where the border line passes through the river. In the Banat part there is a well developed road network which provides good links among all settlements in the border area. The other part is part of the border line on Danube. State border with the Republic of Bulgaria, which generally extends along the meridian, is in its entirety defined, described and marked in a proper way and contains no disputable parts. The border line almost entirely goes through the difficult to pass hilly-mountainous terrain, whereas the most sensitive and the easiest passable parts along the border line are located in the areas of natural crevices, passes and crossings, which also delineate the road network. State border with the Republic of Macedonia is in its entirety defined and has no disputable parts, whereas the demarcation process is ongoing. The border line mostly goes through the difficult to pass mountainous terrain, whereas the most sensitive and the easiest passable parts along the border line are located in the areas of natural crevices and mountain passes. State border with the Republic of Albania is in its entirety defined, described and marked in a proper way and contains no disputable parts. The border line goes through the difficult to pass and intersected mountainous terrain. Due to the relief features there is a poor road network in the border zone and border area. This part of the state border is very sensitive in terms of security and very complex in terms of geography and topography. On the border with the Republic of Albania and on the part of the state border with the Republic of Macedonia, the border crossing control is implemented by members of international forces in Kosovo, in accordance with the UN Security Council Resolution 1244, which makes the adverse security situation even more complex on this part of the state border and on the whole territory of the Republic of Serbia. On the part of the Republic of Serbia's territory toward Bosnia and Herzegovina the border demarcation and identification process has not been finalised. The approximate border line toward Bosnia and Herzegovina mostly goes along the Sava and Drina rivers, which constitute natural boundaries. Therefore approaches are channelled across rivers to roads which descend to ordered places and bridges. On the part of the Republic of Serbia's territory toward the Republic of Croatia the border demarcation and identification process has not been finalised either. The approximate border line mostly goes along the Danube river, apart from the continental section from the Danube river to the Sava river. The road network is very developed in this part of the territory. On the continental part, closer to the Sava river, the terrain is intersected by channels and smaller river flows with swampy areas. The rest of the continental part has a well developed network of countryside vehicular traffic roads, which are passable for the most of the year,

with more or less difficulty. In some places the access to the river bank is almost impossible due to heavy rain and high water levels.

ANNEX 2

BORDER CROSSING POINTS

BORDER TYPE OF CATEGORY OF BORDER VETER. PHYTO-SAN. N°

CROSSING POINT TRAFFIC TRAFFIC POLICE CUSTOMS

INSP. INSPECTION

PORT AUTHOR

ITY Road BCP 1 BADOVINCI road international + +

2 BAJINA BAŠTA road international + + 3 KOTROMAN road international + + +

4 LJUBOVIJA road international + + 5 MALI ZVORNIK - Novi most road international + + + +

6 MALI ZVORNIK - Stari most road international + + 7 SREMSKA RACA (road) road international + + + + 8 TRBUŠNICA road international + +

9 UVAC road international + + 10 BATROVCI road international + + + +

11 BACKA PALANKA road international + + 12 BEZDAN (road) road international + +

13 BOGOJEVO (road) road international + + + 14 NEŠTIN road international + +

15 BERKASOVO road border + 16 JAMENA (road)* road border

17 LJUBA road international + + 18 SOT road international + +

19 ŠID (road) road international + + 20 BACKI BREG road international + +

21 ÐALA road inter-state + + 22 BAJMOK road inter-state + +

23 KELEBIJA road international + + 24 HORGOŠ (road) road international + + + +

25 VATIN road international + + + + 26 KALUÐEROVO road international + +

27 VRBICA* road border 28 NAKOVO* road border

29 ÐERDAP road international + + 30 KUSJAK road special + 31 SRPSKA CRNJA road international + +

32 JAŠA TOMIC* road border 33 MEÐA* road border

34 VRŠKA CUKA road international + + 35 GRADINA road international + + + +

36 MOKRANJE road international + + 37 RIBARCI road international + +

38 STREZIMIROVCI road international + + 39 GLOBOCICA** road international

40 ÐEN. JANKOVIC (road)** road international 41 PREŠEVO (road) road international + + + +

42 PROHOR PCINJSKI road international + + 43 VRBNICA** road international

44 CAFA PRUŠIT** road international Ferry BCP

1 VAJSKA ferry border + 2 JAMENA (ferry) ferry international + + Railway BCP 1 BRASINA railway international +

2 SREMSKA RACA (railway) railway international + + 3 BOGOJEVO (railway)* railway international

4 ŠID (railway) railway international + + + + 5 SUBOTICA railway international + + + +

6 HORGOŠ (railway) railway international +

7 VRŠAC railway international + + + +

8 KIKINDA railway international + + + 9 DIMITROVGRAD railway international + + + +

10 ÐEN. JANKOVIC (rail.)** railway international 11 PREŠEVO (railway) railway international + + + +

River BCP 1 BEZDAN (river) river international + + + + +

2 APATIN river international + + + 3 DONJI MILANOVAC river international +

4 KLADOVO river international + + + 5 TEKIJA river international +

6 PRAHOVO river international + + + 7 VELIKO GRADIŠTE river international + + + + +

8 KANJIŽA river international + + 9 NOVI SAD river international + + +

10 BEOGRAD river international + + +

11 GOLUBAC* river international Air BCP

1 NIŠ air international + + 2 PRIŠTINA** air international

3 SURCIN-BEOGRAD air international + + + + Persuant to the Decision of the Government of the Republic of Serbia 05 No. 28-7133/2005-1 of 10.11.2005 ("Official Gazette" No. 97/05 of 11.10.2005) 5 BCPs for border traffic towards Republic of Macedonia are opened and those BCPs are:Trgovište-?gut; Goleš-Golema Crcorija; Miratovac-Lojane; Strezovce-Sopot and Slavujevac-Petrovac. The Decision entered into the force on 19.11.2005, and establishing Border Services will be approaching. Border Police Station - TOTAL - 38 (5 in Autonomous Province Kosovo and Metohija) BCP - TOTAL - 76 (6 in Autonomous Province Kosovo and Metohija and 5 new towards Republic of Macedonia) BCPs by TYPE OF TRAFFIC: - BCPs for rad traffic 49 - BCPs for railway traffic 11 - BCPs for river traffic 11 - BCPs for air traffic 3 - BCPs for ferry traffic 2 BCPs BY CATEGORY OF TRAFFIC: - BCPs for international traffic 59 - BCPs for inter-state traffic 4 - BCPs for border traffic 12 - BCP for special cases 1 BCPs TOWARDS NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES: - Bosnia and Herzegovina 12 - Croatia 13 - Hungary 8 - Romania 13 - Bulgaria 6 - Macedonia 11 - Albania 2 RIVER BCP - 8

AIRPORT BCP - 3 * Border Crossing is not in function ** Border Services are not present at the BCP

Annex 3

A REVIEW OF LEGAL REGULATIONS Laws and other regulations and international agreements of importance for the actions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the judicial bodies in carrying out the tasks of state border crossing control and security. Laws and other regulations (domestic legal acts): - Law on Ministries (“Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia (RS)” No. 19/04,

84/04, 79/05); - Law on State Administration ( “Official Gazette of the RS” No. 79/05); - Law on the Police (“Official Gazette of the RS ” No. 101/05 ); - Law on Crossing the State Border and Movement in the Border Zone ("Official

Gazette of the SFRY", No. 34/79, 56/80, 53/85 and the "Official Gazette of the FRY", No.28/96 and 68/02);

- Law on Movement and Stay of Foreigners ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 56/80, 53/85, 30/89, 26/90, 53/91; "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 28/96 and 68/02 and the "Official Gazette of SM", No. 12/05);

- Law on Travel Documents of Yugoslav Citizens ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 33/96, 49/96, 12/98, 16/99, 15/00, 7/01, 71/01, 23/02, 53/02, 68/02 and 5/03);

- Law on Asylum ("Official Gazette of SM", No. 12/05); - Law on Maritime and Inland Navigation ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 12/98,

74/99 and 73/00); - Law on Air Traffic ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 12/98, 5/99, 73/00 and

70/01); - Law on the Basics of Road Traffic Security ("Official Gazette of the SFRY"; No.

50/88, 63/88, 80/89, 29/90 and 11/91 and the "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 34/92, 13/93, 24/94, 28/96 and 3/02);

- Law on Road Traffic Security (refined text) (Official Gazette of the SRS, No. 53/82, 15/84, 5/86 and 21/90 and the "Official Gazette of the RS ", No. 28/91, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94 and 25/97);

- Law on Transport of Hazardous Materials ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 27/90 and 45790 and the "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 28/96 and 68/02);

- Criminal Procedure Code ("Official Gazette of the FRY” No. 70/01, 68/02 and the “Official Gazette of the RS” No. 58/04);

- Law on the Execution of Criminal Sanctions ("Official Gazette of the RS” No. 85/05);

- Law on the Organization and Jurisdiction of Government Authorities in Combating Organized crime ("Official Gazette of the RS” No. 42/02, 27/03, 39/03, 67/03, 29/04, 58/04, 45/05 and 61/05);

- Law on the Organization and Jurisdiction of Government Authorities in the Proceedings Against Perpetrators of War Crimes (“Official Gazette of the RS” No. 67/03 and 135/04);

- Regulation ?n Establishment of Border Crossings and State Border Crossing Control ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 2/92);

- Regulation on the Arrival and Stay of Foreign Yachts and Foreign Boats Intended for Leisure or Sports in Coastal Sea, Rivers and Lakes of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 38/87, 33/88 and "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 28/02);

- Regulation on the Control of the Crossing of the Administrative Line Towards Kosovo and Metohija ("Official Gazette of the FRY"; No. 41/02);

- Decision on the Abolition of Visas for Entry and Stay in Serbia and Montenegro ("Official Gazette of SM", No. 21/03);

- Decision ?n the Abolition of Transit Visas for the territory of Serbia and Montenegro for Citizens of the Republic of Turkey, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Ukraine and the Republic of Albania ("Official Gazette of SM", No. 43/03);

- Decision ?n the Extension of the Border Zone on Certain Areas of the State Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 4/80 and the "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 35/98);

- Decision ?n the Determination of the Border Zone in Certain Areas of the State Border of Serbia and Montenegro ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 35/98 and 11/99 and the "Official Gazette of SM", No. 4/05);

- Decision on the Transfer of Duties of Securing the State Border and Necessary Funds for the Completion of these tasks and the Takeover of Professional Personnel of the Army of Serbia and Montenegro by the Interior Ministry of the Republic of Serbia ("Official Gazette of SM", No. 4/05);

- Decision on the Transfer of Tasks of Securing a Part of the Administrative Line with Kosovo and Metohija and the Control of Security Zone to the Interior Ministry of the Republic of Serbia ("Official Gazette of SM", No. 4/05);

- Rulebook on Areas and Facilities that Include Border Crossings for International Traffic and the Cross-border Traffic ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 8/80);

- Rulebook ?n the Manner of Determination and Resolution of Border Incidents and Other Violations of the State Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 12/80);

- Rulebook on the Control of State Border Crossing and on Movement, Stay, Inhabitation, Hunting and Fishing in the Border Zone ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 14/80);

- Rulebook on the Manner of Issuance of Travel and Other Documents and Visas to Foreign Citizens and on Forms for these Documents and Visas ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 44/81 and "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 23/00, 24/00 and 67/01);

- Rulebook on the Space, Facilities, Technical Equipment and Manner of Carrying Out the Counter-diversion Procedure on the Airport ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 13/00);

- Rulebook on the Manner of Submission and Return of Cold Arms and Firearms and Ammunition, the Search of Individuals and Objects in Public Air Transportation ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 13/00);

- Rulebook on the Manner of Utilization of the Coat of Arms and the Flag of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on Certain Facilities on the Border of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and other Facilities in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the Vicinity of the Border ("Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 12/94);

- Rulebook on the Conditions and Manners of Exhumation and Transport of the Deceased ("Official Gazette of the SFRY"; No. 42/85);

- Order on the Determination of Parts of the Border Zone in Which SFRY Citizens and Foreign Citizens Can Move and Stay Without Permit ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 5/80 and 44/83);

- Order on the Prohibition of Sowing Certain Crops and Planting Certain Sorts of Fruit-Trees and Other Trees in the Border Zone and on the Cleaning-up of the Border Zone ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 3/74);

- Rulebook on the Manner of Transport of Hazardous Materials in Road Traffic ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 82/90);

- Rulebook on the Manner of Transport of Hazardous Materials in Railway Traffic ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 25/92);

- Rulebook on the Manner of Transport of Hazardous Materials in the Maritime Traffic and Traffic on Internal Navigation Routes ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", No. 17/87);

- Guidelines on the Implementation of the Law on the Crossing of the State Border and Movement in the Border Zone ("Official Gazette of the SFRY"- Confidential Paper, No. 13/90)

International Treaties and Conventions Border Crossings, Border Line, Border Marks, Border Incidents, Border Rivers, Cross-Border Traffic and other issues: - Law on the Confirmation of the Treaty between the Federal Republic of

Yugoslavia and the Republic of Macedonia on the Extension and the Description of the State Border ("Official Gazette of the FRY" – International Treaties, No. 1/01);

- Law on the Confirmation of the Agreement Between the Government of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Government of the Republic of Hungary on the Opening and Construction of the Border Crossing Horgos-Reske ("Official Gazette of the FRY - International Treaties", No. 1/02);

- Law on the Ratification of the Agreement between the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro and the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria ?n Border Control and Procedure in Railway Traffic, with Addendum („Official Gazette of SM” - International Treaties, No. 13/2005)”;

- Law on the Ratification of the Convention between the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro and the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria ?n the Renovation, Marking and Maintenance of the Border Line and Border Marks on the shared State Border ("Official Gazette of SM" - International Treaties, No. 9/04);

- Decision on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the Government of SFRY and the Government of the People’s Socialist Republic of Albania on Measures for the Prevention and Resolution of Border Incidents on the Yugoslav-Albanian State Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - Addendum, No. 10/80);

- Rulebook on the Working Procedure of the Central Mixed Commission and Local Mixed Commissions for the Resolution of Incidents on the Yugoslav-Albanian State Border (drafted in Tirana on the 09.06.1978);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Protocols on the Determination of Rules for the Joint Utilization of Water on Two Points along the State Yugoslav-Albanian Border and the Retrieval of Ownerless Cattle Crossing the State Yugoslav-Albanian border ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" - Addendum, No. 3/55);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement between Yugoslavia and Albania on the Manner of Proceeding of the Local Mixed Commissions in Case of Killing, Wounding or Injury of Military Personnel or Civilians ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Appendix 4/58);

- Decree on the Approval of the Protocol on Flying Over the Shared State Border of Yugoslavia and Albania ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Appendix 10/57);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement between Yugoslavia and Albania on Waterpower Issues ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Appendix 11/57);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on the Unification of Documents for Crossing the Yugoslav-Albanian Border for Official Purposes ("Official Gazette of the SFRY - International Treaties", No. 8/86);

- Decree on the Confirmation of the Agreement on the Utilization of co-owned estates on the State Border Between the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Bulgaria ("Official Gazette of the FPRY", No. 108/47);

- Law on the Ratification of the Agreement on Partial Change of the Border Line on the Timok River Concluded Between the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Bulgaria ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Appendix 3/63);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria on the Manner of Investigation and Resolution of Border Violations on the Yugoslav-Bulgarian border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY"- Addendum 7/66 and International Treaties 12/84); Rules on the Work of Central Mixed Border Commission from the above Agreement, drafted in Sofia on the 13.11.1968, and the Rules on the Work of Sectoral Mixed Border Commissions and Border Plenipotentiaries on the Basis of the Same Agreement, drafted in Sofia on 07.10.1972;

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Regulating Local Border Traffic in the Border Zone Between the Governments of Yugoslavia and Bulgaria ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Appendix 27/73);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Cross-Border Exchange of Goods between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", - Appendix 26/71);

- Decree on the Establishment of Air Corridor on the Yugoslav-Bulgarian Border ("Official Gazette of the FPRY", No. 39/56);

- Agreement Between the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro and the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria on Border Control and Procedure in Railway Traffic (2005);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Fishing in the Danube Waters between Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania and the Soviet Union ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 8/58);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria on Fishing in Border Waters ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 9/62);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Protocol Amending Article 11 of the Convention on Fishing in the Danube Waters, Signed in Bucharest on 28.01.1958 ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties 8/86);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria on More Detailed Regulation of the Danube Navigation ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Appendix 4/58);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Waterpower Related Issues between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria and the Statute of the Yugoslav-Bulgarian Waterpower Commission ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 11/58);

- Law on the Ratification of the Agreement between SFRY and the People’s Republic of Hungary on State Border Crossing Control on the Danube in Bezdan and Mohac ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties, No. 2/86);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Regulating Local Border Movement of People in the Border Zone Between Yugoslavia and Hungary ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties, No. 8/77);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Convention Between Federal Executive Council of the SFRY Assembly and the Government of the People’s Republic of Hungary on the Renovation, Marking and Maintenance of the Border Line and Border Marks on the Yugoslav-Hungarian State Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties, No. 10/85);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Fishing in Border Waters between Yugoslavia and Hungary ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 4/58);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement between the Government of SFRY and the Government of the People’s Republic of Hungary on the Prevention and Resolution of Border Regime Violations on the Yugoslav-Hungarian State Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 6/80);

- Rules on the Work of the Yugoslav-Hungarian Central Mixed Commission for the Resolution of Border Regime Violations (Belgrade, 27.10.1979);

- Rules on the Work of Yugoslav-Hungarian Local Mixed Commissions for the Resolution of Border Regime Violations (Subotica, 22.12.1979);

- Approval of the Agreement between the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Hungary on the Procedure for the Repatriation of Persons Strayed or Those Who Have Intentionally Crossed the Yugoslav-Hungarian Border ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 2/57);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on the Amendment to the Treaty on Regulation of Cross Border Railway Traffic between the SFRY and the People’s Republic of Hungary ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 51/76);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Regulating Local Border Traffic Between Yugoslavia and Hungary ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 3/66);

- Decision on the Ratification of the Rulebook on the Work of the Standing Mixed Yugoslav-Hungarian Commission for Local Border Circulation of Persons ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 10/78);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement between the Government of the SFRY and the Government of the People’s Republic of Hungary on the Unification of Documents for Crossing of the Yugoslav-Hungarian Border for Official Purposes ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 9/77);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the Government of the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Hungary on Navigation on the Tisa River ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 9/56);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Hungary on Waterpower Issues ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 15/56);

- Law on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro and the Government of Romania on the Conditions for the Travel of Their Citizens, with an Annex ("Official Gazette of Serbia-Montenegro - International Treaties", No. 3/05);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Convention Between Yugoslavia and Romania on the Preservation, Maintenance, Renovation and Protection of Border Poles and Marks ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" - Addendum 5/58);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the Government of Yugoslavia and the Government of Romania on Fishing in Border Waters Between Yugoslavia and Romania ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" – Addendum 1/62);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the Government of SFRY and the Government of the Socialist People’s Republic of Romania on Local Border Traffic of Persons in the Border Zone ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum No. 55/70 and 17/72);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between Yugoslavia and Romania on the Manner of Resolution of Certain Border Regime Issues on the Yugoslav-Romanian Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 14/64 and 26/76); Rulebook on the Work of the Mixed Commission Provided for By Article 8 of this Agreement (Belgrade, 04.11.1964);

- Decision on the Ratification of the Agreement Between Yugoslavia and Romania on the Unification of Permits for Crossing the Yugoslav-Romanian State Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 5/66);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between Yugoslavia and Romania on the Opening of Border Crossing Kaludjerovo-Najdas for International Road Traffic of Passengers and Goods ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 39/72);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the Governments of Yugoslavia and Romania on the Opening of the Road Border Crossing Djerdap-Portile de Fier on the Yugoslav-Romanian State Border ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 49/74);

- Decision on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the SFRY and Romania on Facilitated Crossing of the Yugoslav-Romanian State Border for Citizens of these Two Countries for the purpose of Holidays, Traditional Manifestations and other Celebrations ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 54/74);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Convention Between the Government of SFRY and the Government of the Socialist Republic of Romania on Regulating the Border Railway Traffic ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 4/81);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement Between the Government of SFRY and the Government of the Socialist People’s Republic of Romania on the Determination and the Control of the Implementation of the Rules of Navigation, the Maintenance and Improvement of Navigation Conditions in the Area Where the Danube Represents the Border Between the Two States ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 2/78);

- Law on the Ratification of the Agreement Between Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina on Simplifying the Procedure of Movement of Persons and Goods on Border Crossings Uvac-Uvac and Vagan-Ustibar ("Official Gazette of Serbia and Montenegro - International Treaties", No. 6/05);

- Decree on the Ratification of the Convention on the Navigation Regime on the Danube ("Official Gazette of the FPRY", No. 8/49);

- Decree on the Proclamation of the Law on the Ratification of the Framework Agreement on the Basin of the Sava River, the Protocol on the Navigation Regime along with the Framework Agreement on the Basin of the Sava River and the Agreement on Amendments to the Framework Agreement about the Basin of the Sava River, the Protocol on the Navigation Regime along with the Framework Agreement on the Basin of the Sava River („Official Gazette of SM” - International Treaties, No. 12/2004)”;

- Law on the Confirmation of the Agreement Between the Federal Government of the FRY and the Government of the Republic of Macedonia on Regulating Border Railway Traffic ("Official Gazette of the FRY" - International Treaties, No. 5/96);

- Law on the Confirmation of the Agreement Between the Government of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Government of the Republic of Croatia on Regulating Border Railway Traffic, with Annexes („Official Gazette of the FRY” - International Treaties, No. 1/98).”

Abolition of Visas and Visa Fees - Serbia and Montenegro, i.e. the former Yugoslavia had concluded several dozen

bilateral agreements on the abolition of visas for the carriers of certain types of passports (diplomatic and diplomatic and official respectively, as we ll as all kinds of travel documents), as well as on the abolition of visa fees;

Diplomatic Representatives, Privileges and Immunities, Refugees and Persons without Citizenship, Readmission - Law on the Ratification of the Vienna Convention ?n Diplomatic Relations

("Official Gazette of the SFRY"- Addendum 2/64); - Regulation on the Ratification of the Convention on the Status of Refugees with

the Final Act of the Convention of the UN Plenipotentiary on the Status of Refugees ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" Addendum 7/60);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Protocol on the Status of Refugees ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" – Addendum 15/67);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Convention on the Status of Persons Without Citizenship ("Official Gazette of the FPRY"- Addendum 8/59);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the UN Convention on Privileges and Immunities ("Official Gazette of the FPRY", No. 20/50);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement under which the carriers of valid UN travel documents can enter the territory of the SFRY without a Yugoslav visa ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties, No. 1/85);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the revised text of Appendix VII of the Convention on Privileges and Immunities of UN Specialized Agencies (Official Gazette of the FPRY, and SFRY respectively - International Treaties, No. 8/59, 11/60, 10/64, 36/70);

- Decree on the Ratification of the Convention on Privileges and Immunities of Specialized Institutions (Official Gazette of the FPRY and the SFRY respectively, No. 4/52, 8/59, 11/60, 10/64, 5/68, 36/70 and 11/79);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the International Agency for Atomic Energy ("Official Gazette of the SFRY"- Addendum No. 1/64);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Convention on Privileges and Immunities of the Danube Commission ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - Addendum No. 7/64);

- Law on the Ratification of the Protocols on the Legal Capacity and Privileges and Immunities of the European Free Trade Association ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties, No. 1/91);

- Law on the Ratification of the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe, with Protocols ("Official Gazette of SM" - International Treaties, No. 12/2004);

- Law on the Ratification of the Protocol on Privileges and Immunities of the European Organization for Telecommunications via Satellite EUTELSAT, with Reserves of SFRY ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties, No. 10/89);

- Law on the Confirmation of the Agreement Between the FRY and the International Organization for Migrations on Privileges and Immunities of this Organization ("Official Gazette of the FRY - International Treaties", No. 1/95);

- Law on the Confirmation of the Agreement Between the Federal Government of FRY and the International Federation of the Red Cross Society and the Red Crescent Society on the Status of the International Federation and its Delegation in the FRY ("Official Gazette of the FRY - International Treaties", No. 4/96);

- Serbia and Montenegro, i.e. former FRY had concluded bilateral Agreements on readmission with sixteen countries (on readmission of persons who do not meet or have ceased to meet the conditions for entry or stay on the territory of another country);

Consular representatives and their Privileges and Immunities: - Law on the Ratification of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations ("Official

Gazette of the SFRY" - Addendum No. 5/66); - Serbia and Montenegro, as well as former Yugoslavia, had concluded several

dozen bilateral consular conventions with other states; Illegal drugs, Human Trafficking, Fighting Organized Crime, Terrorism and Cross-Border Crime - Law on the Confirmation of the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized

Crime and Additional Protocols ("Official Gazette of the FRY - International Treaties", No. 6/01);

- Law on the Confirmation of the European Convention Against Terrorism ("Official Gazette of the FRY - International Treaties", No. 10/01);

- Law on the Confirmation of the International Convention Against Financing of Terrorism ("Official Gazette of the FRY - International Treaties", No. 7/02);

- Law on the Ratification of the Protocol on Amending the Convention Against Trafficking in Women and Children and the Convention Against Trafficking in Adult Women ("Official Gazette of the FPRY", No. 41/50);

- Law on the Ratification of the Convention on Suppression and Elimination of Human Trafficking and Exploitation ("Official Gazette of the FPRY", No. 2/51);

- Law on the Ratification of the Protocols Amending International Agreements for the successful protection against the criminal trade known as the ‘Human Trafficking’ and the International Convention Against the Human Trafficking ("Official Gazette of the FPRY" - Appendix, No. 2/51);

- Law on the Ratification of the United Nations Convention Against the Illegal Trafficking in Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - International Treaties, No. 14/90);

- Law on the Ratification of the Convention Against Psychotropic Substances ("Official Gazette of the SFRY", 40/73);

- Regulation on the Ratification of the Unified Convention on Psychotropic Substances, drafted in New York on 30.03.1961 ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - Addendum No. 2/64);

- Law on the Ratification of the Protocol on the Amendments to the Convention on Psychotropic Substances from 1961 ("Official Gazette of the SFRY" - Addendum No. 3/78);

The former FRY has concluded several bilateral international agreements with other states on combating organized crime, terrorism, illegal narcotics trade and other serious forms of international crime. In the area of Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters and Extradition, the following international treaties are of importance: Multilateral: - The European Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters of

April 20, 1959 with the Additional Protocol of March 17, 1978 (Official Gazette of the FRY 10/01);

- The European Convention on Extradition of December 13, 1957 with Additional Protocols from October 15, 1975 and March 17, 1978 (Official Gazette of the FRY 10/01).

- The European Convention on International Validity of Criminal Judgments with Annexes from March 28, 1970 (Official Gazette of the FRY 13/02);

- Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime with Additional Protocols (Official Gazette of the FRY 6/01 and 11/05);

Bilateral: - Convention on Extradition of Convicts between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and

Slovenians and the Republic of Albania of June 22, 1926. (“Official Gazette No. 117/1929”), came into force on May 17, 1929 ;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters between the SFRY and the Democratic Republic of Algiers of March 31, 1982 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 2/83”, rectification published in the Official Gazette of the SFRY 10/84”), came into force on December 20, 1984;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters between the SFRY and the Republic of Austria of February 1, 1982 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 2/83”), came into force on January 1, 1984 and

- The Agreement on Extradition between the SFRY and the Republic of Austria of February 1, 1982 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 2/83”), came into force on January 1, 1984;

- Convention on Extradition and Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters between the SFRY and the Kingdom of Belgium of June 4, 1971 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY – Addendum 9/73”), came into force on November 1, 1972;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters between Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette of SM 6/05);

- Agreement on Mutual Legal Assistance Between the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Bulgaria of March 23, 1956 (“Official Gazette of the FPRY – Addendum 1/75”), came into force on January 17, 1957;

- Agreement on Regulating Legal Relations in Civil, Family and Criminal Matters Between the SFRY and the Socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia of January 20, 1964 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY-Appendix13/64”), came into force on August 2, 1964;

- Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters between the SFRY and the Republic of France of October 29, 1969 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY – Addendum 16/71”), came into force on November 1, 1970 and The Convention on Extradition between the SFRY and the Republic of France of September 23, 1970 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY– Addendum 43/71”), came into force on August 1, 1971;

- Convention on Mutual Legal Relations between the FPRY and the Kingdom of Greece of June 18, 1959 (“Official Gazette of the FPRY – Addendum 7/60”), came into force on March 31, 1960;

- Agreement on the Extradition of Convicts between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Holland of February 28, 1896 (“Serbian Gazette No. 275/1896”);

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters between the FRY and the Republic of Croatia of September 15, 1997 (“Official Gazette of the FRY 1/98”), came into force on May 28, 1998;

- Convention on Legal and Court Protection of the citizens of Two Countries between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians and Italy of April 6, 1922 (“Official Gazette No. 42/31”), Articles 13-16 of this Convention are implemented pursuant to Article 26 of the Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance in Civil and Administrative Matters between the FPRY and the Republic of Italy of December 3, 1960;

- Agreement on Legal and Judicial Cooperation between the SFRY and the Republic of Iraq of May 23, 1986 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 1/87”), came into force on August 11, 1987;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters between the SFRY and the Republic of Cyprus ?f September 19, 1984 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 2/86”), came into force on February 15, 1987;

- Agreement on Mutual Legal Traffic between the SFRY and the People’s Republic of Hungary of March 7, 1968 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY – Appendix 3/68”), came into force on January 18, 1969 and revised on April 25,1986, amendments published in the “Official Gazette of the SFRY 1/87”, came into force on December 5, 1987;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters Between Serbia and Montenegro and the Republic of Macedonia of July 6, 2004 (“Official Gazette of SM 22/04”), came into force on March 9, 2005;

- Agreement on Providing Legal Assistance in Civil, Family and Criminal Matters Between SFRY and the People’s Republic of Mongolia of June 8, 1981 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 7/82”), came into force on March 27, 1983;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Between the SFRY and the Federal Republic of Germany of October 1, 1971 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 33/72”), came into force on January 8, 1975 and the Agreement on Extradition

Between the SFRY and the Federal Republic of Germany of November 26, 1970 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY – Appendix 17/76”), came into force November 14, 1975;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters between the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Poland of February 6, 1960 (“Official Gazette of the FPRY – Appendix 5/63”), came into force on June 5, 1963;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance between the FPRY and the People’s Republic of Romania of October 18, 1960 (“Official Gazette of the FPRY – Appendix 8/61”), came into force on October 1, 1961 with Additional Protocol of January 21, 1972 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY – Addendum 8/61”), came into force November 3, 1970;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Civil, Family and Criminal Matters between the FPRY and the USSR of February 24, 1962 (“Official Gazette of the FPRY – Appendix 5/63”), came into force on May 26, 1963;

- Convention on the Extradition of Convicts of 12.10.1901. between the Kingdom of Serbia and the United States of America (“Serbian Gazette” No. 33/1902”), came into force on July 12, 1902;

- Agreement on Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters and Extradition between the SFRY and the Kingdom of Spain of July 8, 1980 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 3/81”), came into force on May 26, 1982;

- Convention on the Extradition of Convicts between the Kingdom of Serbia and Switzerland of November 16, 1887 (“Serbian Journal No. 83/1888”), came into force on July 5, 1888;

- Convention on Judicial Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters between the SFRY and the Republic of Turkey of October 8, 1973 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY – Appendix 1/76”) came into force on May 3, 1975 and The Convention on Extradition between the SFRY and the Republic of Turkey of November 17, 1973 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY – Appendix 47/75”), came into force on May 3, 1975. Agreement on Mutual Extradition of Convicts between the Kingdom of Serbia and the United Kingdom of Great Britain of December 6, 1900 (“Serbian Gazette” No. 35/1901”) came into force on February 23, 1901;

In the area of transfer of convicts, the following international treaties are of importance: Multilateral: - Convention on the Transfer of Convicts of March 21, 1983 with Additional

Protocol of December 18, 1997 (Official Gazette of the FRY 4/01); Bilateral: Serbia and Montenegro is signatory to the following bilateral treaties: - Treaty between the SFRY and the Republic of Austria ?n Mutual Execution of

Court Decisions in Criminal Matters of February 1, 1982 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 6/83”), came into force on January 1, 1984;

- Treaty between Serbia and Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina on Mutual Execution of Court Decisions in Criminal Matters of February 24, 2005 (Official Gazette of Serbia-Montenegro 6/05), did not come into force;

- Treaty between the SFRY and the Socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia on the Mutual Transfer of Convicts for the Purpose of Serving Prison Sentences of May 23, 1989 (Official Gazette of the SFRY 6/90), came into force on October 27,

1990 (is implemented with regard to the Czech Republic and Slovakia, as successors of the Socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia);

- Treaty between the SFRY and the Kingdom of Denmark on the Mutual Transfer of Convicts for the Purpose of Serving Prison Sentences of October 28, 1989 (Official Gazette of the SFRY - 5/89), came into force May 6, 1989;

- Treaty between Serbia and Montenegro and the Republic of Macedonia on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters of July 6, 2004 (Law on the Ratification of the Treaty Between Serbia and Montenegro and the Republic of Macedonia on Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters - Official Gazette of SM 22/04), came into force March 9, 2005 and

- the Treaty between SFRY and the Republic of Turkey on the Mutual Transfer of Convicts for Serving Prison Sentences of June 22, 1989 (Official Gazette of the SFRY 7/90), did not come into force.

In the area of Civil Law, the following multilateral international treaties are of importance: - Convention on Civil Law Aspects of International Abduction of Children of

October 25, 1980 (“Official Gazette of the SFRY 7/91”); - The European Convention on the Recognition and Execution of Decisions About

Child Guardianship and the Restoring of Guardianship (“Official Gazette of the FRY 1/01”)

LEGAL REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO CUSTOMS The legal basis of the customs system consists of the following: - The Customs Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia No. 73 of July 18,

2003; 61/05); - Customs Tariffs Law (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia 62/05) Apart from the above laws, the customs service uses the following regulations in its work: - Law on Foreign Trade (Published in the "Official Gazette of the Republic of

Serbia", No. 101 of November 21, 2005.); - Law on Value Added Tax (Published in the "Official Gazette of the Republic of

Serbia", No. 84 of July 24, 2004; 86/04, 61/05); - Law on Foreign Currency Transactions (Published in the "Official Gazette of the

FRY", No. 23 of April 27, 2002; 34/02); - Law on General Administrative Procedure (Published in the "Official Gazette of

the FRY", No. 33/97, 31/01); - Misdemeanors Law (Published in the "Official Gazette of the Socialist Republic of

Serbia", No. 44/89 and the "Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia", No. 21/90, 11/92, 6/93, 20/93, 53/93, 67/93, 28/94, 16/97, 37/97, 36/98, 44/98, 65/01, 55/04);

- Regulation on Permitted Customs Procedure with Customs Goods, Release of Customs Goods and Collection of Customs Dues (published in the "Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia", No. 127 of December 23, 2003; 20/04, 24/04, 63/04, 104/04, 44/05, 71/05, 76/05);

- Regulation on the Procedure With Goods Traded with the Republic of Montenegro (published in the "Official Gazette ?? ", No. 130 of December 29, 2003);

- Rulebook on the Form, Content and Manner of Submission and Filling in the Declaration and other Forms in the Customs Procedure (published in the "Official

Gazette of the Republic of Serbia", No. 129 of December 29, 2003; 53/04, 137/04, 11/05, 23/05, 65/05);

- Regulation on Special Conditions for the Trade in Goods with the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija (published in the "Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia", No. 139 of December 30, 2004, 8/2005, 15/2005);

- Law on Foreign Trade in Arms, Military Equipment and Twofold Purpose Goods (Published in the “Official Gazette of Serbia and Montenegro”, No. 7/05 and 8/05);

- Rulebook on the Duties of Customs Bodies in Foreign Trade in Arms, Military Equipment and Twofold Purpose Goods (Published in the “Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia”, No. 67/05);

- Rulebook on the Request Form for Permit Issuance, the Form of the Permit and Other Forms of Documents accompanying the Foreign Trade in Controlled Goods (published in the “Official Gazette of Serbia-Montenegro”, No. 12/05);

- as well as other laws and bylaws. Multilateral activities are based on participating in the activities of the World Customs Organization (WCO). The Customs Administration of Serbia participates in the work of standing committees and subcommittees and follows the conventions that have been adopted under the auspices of the WCO. Serbia and Montenegro is signatory to seven of a total of twelve WCO conventions. - The Convention on Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System; - Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation of Packing; - Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation of Professional Equipment; - Customs Convention concerning facilities for the importation of goods for display

or use at exhibitions, fairs, meetings or similar events - Customs Convention on ATA Carnets for Temporary Admission of Goods– the

??? Convention; - Customs Convention concerning welfare material for seafarers;

International Convention on Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures – the Kyoto Convention; The Customs Administration of Serbia cooperates with the International Association of Road Carriers and the European Economic Commission of the United Nations; it actively follows the following conventions adopted under the auspices of the United Nations: - The Customs Convention on International Importation of Goods Under Cover of

TIR Carnets – The ?IR Convention; - The Customs Convention on Containers; - Convention on Relief for Tourism; - Customs Convention on Temporary Importation of Private Road Vehicles; - Customs Convention on Temporary Importation of Commercial Road Vehicles; - International Convention on Harmonization of Border Control of Goods

(Geneva); - The European Convention on Customs Procedure with Palettes Used in

International Transport; - Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation for Private Use of Aircraft and

Pleasure Boats; - Convention on the Navigation Regime in the Danube;

- Convention on the Contract on International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR); - Convention on Prohibition and Prevention Measures Against Unauthorized

Importation, Exportation and Carriage of Cultural Property; - United Nations Convention Against the Trade in Illegal Drugs and Psychotropic

Substances; - Unified Convention Against Narcotic; - Convention on Psychotropic Substances; - Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species and Wild Flora and

Fauna (CITES); - Basel Convention on Control of Cross-Border Movements of Hazardous Wastes

and their elimination; - Convention on the Ban on Production, Storage, Development and Utilization of

Chemical Weapons and its Destruction; - The Vienna Convention (the Montreal Protocol) on Substances that Deplete the

Ozone Layer;

The Republic of Serbia and the European Union signed on March 31, 2005 the Agreement on Trade in Textile Products between the Republic of Serbia and the European Community, to be implemented as of July 1, 2005. Our country has also signed Free Trade Agreements with the following countries, the implementation of which is under way:

- Macedonia (implemented as of October 7, 1996); - The Russian Federation (implemented as of July 28, 2000); - Bosnia-Herzegovina (implemented as of June 1, 2002); - Bulgaria (implemented as of June 1,2004); - Romania (implemented as of July 1,2004); - Croatia (implemented as of July 1, 2004); - Albania (implemented as of August 1, 2004) and - Moldova (implemented as of September 1, 2004). Bilateral Cooperation, the Customs Administration: The Republic of Serbia is currently implementing 17 bilateral agreements on customs cooperation: with France (1971), Austria (1978), Greece (1983), China (1989), Germany (1974), Poland (1967), the United States (1990), Macedonia (signed in 1996), Russia (1996), Bulgaria (1997), Romania (1998), the Czech Republic (1998), Hungary (1998), Slovakia (2001), Bosnia-Herzegovina (2001), Turkey (2002) and Italy (2002). The Agreement on customs cooperation has also been concluded with the Montenegrin customs administration, while a Protocol on Exchange of Information has been sealed with the UNMIK customs administration. In addition to the agreements which are currently being implemented, the Customs Administration of the Republic of Serbia has launched an initiative for the conclusion of new agreements, as well as for updating the outdated ones. In that sense, it has concluded agreements with the Customs Administrations of Iran (July 2005) and Croatia (December 2005), which are in the procedure of ratification. Four agreements have been initialed: with Ukraine and Slovenia (2002), Albania (May 13, 2005) and Poland (May 20, 2005). The procedure for the conclusion of agreements with Cyprus, Greece, France, Belarus and Moldova has been initialized.

VETERINARY LEGAL REGULATIONS

The issues of improvement and the protection of animal health and well-being, the control of the spreading of communicable diseases and measures for the prevention, detection, combating and eradication of communicable diseases in animals and diseases that can be transmitted to humans, veterinary and sanitary control and conditions for the production and trade in animals, products of animal origin and animal food are regulated by: - Law on Veterinary Medicine (Published in the “Official Gazette of the Republic of

Serbia, No. 91/2005); - Law on Quality Control of Agricultural Food Products in Foreign Trade (Published

in the "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 12/95 of March 10, 1995; 28/96 and 59/98)

The Veterinary Administration is also implementing several international and bilateral agreements on veterinary cooperation. The following fifteen international agreements are currently in force: with Albania, Argentina, Belarus, Bulgaria, Libya, Uruguay, Croatia, Ukraine, Macedonia, Mongolia, Romania, the Russian Federation, Turkey, China and the European Community (from 1996). An Agreement on the Border Control in the Joint Border Station Dimitrovgrad was signed with Bulgaria on April 15, 2005. The Protocol on Harmonization of Procedures and Proceedings in Foreign Trade in Goods Subject to Mandatory Veterinarian-Sanitary Control and Phyto-sanitary Control on the Border of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro was signed on April 29, 2003.

LEGAL REGULATIONS ON THE PROTECTION OF PLANTS The scope of the authority of the Administration for the Protection of Plants and the manner of sanitary control and inspection of plants, the means for protection and nutrition of plants, the data collection and the setting up of databases are provided for by the following legislation: - Law on the Protection of Plants (Published in the "Official Gazette of the FRY",

No. 24 of May 15, 1998; 26/98); - Law on Seed (Published in the "Official Gazette of RS", No. 45 of May 31, 2005); - Law on Seedling (Published in the "Official Gazette of the RS" No. 18/05); - Law on Genetically Modified Organisms (Published in the "Official Gazette of the

FRY", No. 21 of May 11, 2001); - Law on the Quality Control of Agricultural and Food Products in Foreign Trade

(Published in the "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 12/95 of March 10, 1995; 28/96 and 59/98) and accompanying bylaws.

Serbia and Montenegro is signatory to the International Convention ?n the Protection of Plants.

The following eight bilateral agreements are in force: with Belarus, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Macedonia, Romania, the Russian Federation, Slovakia and Moldova. The Protocol on Harmonization of Procedures and Proceedings in Foreign Trade of Goods Subject to Mandatory Veterinary-Sanitary Control and Phyto-sanitary Control on the Border of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. Agreements have also been signed with Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia. An agreement has been signed between the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro and the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria on Border Control and Railway Traffic Procedures. Draft Agreements have been drawn up with Albania and Ukraine. The Draft Law on the Protection of the Health of Plants, the Law on Means for the Protection of Plants and the Law on Resources for the Nutrition of Plants have been finished.

REVIEWS OF LEGAL REGULATIONS OF OTHER SERVICES OF IMPORTANCE FOR INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT

- Law on Employment and Insurance in Case of Unemployment (“Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia”, No. 71/03 and 84/04);

- Law on Conditions for Employment of Foreigners; - Law on Safety and Health at Work (“Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia”,

No.101/05); - Law on the Protection of FRY Citizens Working Abroad (“Official Gazette of the

FRY”, No. 24/98); - Law on the Protection of the Population From Communicable Diseases (“Official

Gazette of the Republic of Serbia”, No. 125/2004); - Law on Sanitary Supervision (“Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia”, No.

125/2004); - International Health Rulebook (“Official Gazette of the SFRY”, No. 6/1977); - Law on Health Protection (”Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia”,

No.107/2005); - Law on Health Safety of Foodstuff and Objects in General Use ("Official Gazette

of the SFRY", No. 53/91, "Official Gazette of the FRY", No. 24/94, 28/96, 37/02, "Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia " 79/05);

- Law on the Production and Trade in Illegal Drugs (“Official Gazette of the FRY, No. 46/96);

- Law on Substances Used in the Illicit Production of Illegal Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (”Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia” No. 107/2005).