contents programming

WEB DESIGN 1THEORY : 30

PRACTICE : 60

Lecturer : Phạm Sĩ QuanPhone : 0908 534 992

Email: [email protected]: [email protected]

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Contents Programming

JavaScript

Dreamweaver

CSS – Cascading Style Sheet

HTML – Hyper Text Markup Language

Evaluation Criteria Subject

Lapreport (Return all in-class exercises have)

Mid-term test

Final test

Topic subjects (Each group of 3 students - design a website complete with content learned)

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Concepts

HTML: The Language of the Web

Web Server and Web Browser

Web Page – Web Site - URL

World Wide Web

Internet - Intranet

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Internet - IntranetInternet is a global computer network in which

computers communicate with each other via TCP/ IP.

Intranet is local network not connected to the internet, just connect the computers in the same network of a company and also connected through TCP / IP

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World Wide WebThe World Wide Web is a system of interlinked

hypertext documents accessed via the Internet on which users to easily navigate from one topic to another.

With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them by using hyperlinks

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Web page – Web site - URLThe hypertext documents within a Web site are

known as Web pages.An entire collection of linked documents is referred

to as a Web site.Individual pages can contain text, audio, video, and

even programs that can be run remotely.URL is the addresses Internet full of a page or file,

including protocols, location the network path options and the name file.

For example, http:// www.microsoft.com / ms.htm

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Web server and Web BrowserA Web page is stored on a Web server, which in turn

makes it available to the network.To view a Web page, a client runs a software

program called a Web browser, which retrieves the page from the server and displays it.

The earliest browsers, known as text-based browsers, were incapable of displaying images. Today most computers support graphical browsers which are capable of displaying not only images, but also video, sound, animations, and a variety of graphical features

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HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language

A Web page is a text file written in a language called Hypertext Markup Language

A markup language is a language that describes a document’s structure and content

HTML is not a programming language or a formatting language

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Contents

HTML Image

HTML List

Basic HTML Tags

HTML elements

Fundamental

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FUNDAMENTAL

What is HTML? HTML is a language for describing web pages. HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML is not a programming language, it is a

markup language. A markup language is a set of markup tags. HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages.

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FUNDAMENTALHTML Tags: HTML markup tags are usually called

HTML tags HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle

brackets like <html> HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and

</b> The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the

second tag is the end tag. Start and end tags are also called opening

tags and closing tags.

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FUNDAMENTALHTML Document = Web Page

HTML documents describe web pages, it contain HTML tags and plain text

Structure of the web page:<html>

<head> information of the web page</head><body>

content display on browser</body>

</html>

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FUNDAMENTALWeb Browser

The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages.

The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page

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FUNDAMENTALEditing HTML

We use a plain text editor (like Notepad) to edit HTML. This is the best way to learn HTML.

However, professional web developers often prefer HTML editors like FrontPage or Dreamweaver, instead of writing plain text.

HTM or HTML Extension? When you save an HTML file, you can use

either the .htm or the .html extension. With new software it is perfectly safe to

use .html.

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HTML ELEMENTSHTML Elements: An HTML element is everything

from the start tag to the end tag:

Start tag * Element content End tag *<p> This is a

paragraph</p>

<a href="default.htm"> This is a link </a>

<br />

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HTML ELEMENTSHTML Element Syntax

An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag and ends with an end tag / closing tag

The element content is everything between the start and the end tag

Some HTML elements have empty content Empty elements are closed in the start tag Most HTML elements can have attributes

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HTML ELEMENTSNested HTML Elements

Most HTML elements can be nested (can contain other HTML elements).

HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.

Empty HTML Elements HTML elements without content are called

empty elements. Empty elements can be closed in the start tag.

<br> is an empty element without a closing tag

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HTML ELEMENTSExample:

<html><body>

<p>This is my first paragraph</p></body>

</html>Explain:

The <html> element defines the whole HTML document. The <body> element defines the body of the HTML

document. The <p> element defines a paragraph in the HTML

document

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HTML ELEMENTSHTML Attributes

HTML elements can have attributes Attributes provide additional information about

the element. Attributes are always specified in the start tag. Attributes come in name/value pairs like:

name="value“. Attribute values should always be enclosed in

quotesExample

<a href=“http://www.w3schools.com”>This is a link </a>

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HTML ELEMENTSBelow is a list of some attributes that are standard

for most HTML elements:

Attribute Value Description

class class_rule or style_rule The class of the element

id id_name A unique id for the element

style style_definition An inline style definition

title tooltip_text A text to display in a tool tip

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Headings

Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.• <h1> defines the largest heading. • <h6> defines the smallest heading.

Example<h1>This is a heading1</h1><h2>This is a heading2</h2><h3>This is a heading3</h3>

Browsers automatically adds an empty line before and after headings.

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BASIC HTML TAGSExample<html>

<body><h1>This is heading 1</h1><h2>This is heading 2</h2><h3>This is heading 3</h3><h4>This is heading 4</h4><h5>This is heading 5</h5><h6>This is heading 6</h6>

</body></html>

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Rules (Lines)

The <hr /> tag is used to create an horizontal rule (line).

Example:<html><body><p>The hr tag defines a horizontal rule:</p><hr /><p>This is a paragraph</p><hr /><p>This is a paragraph</p></body></html>

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BASIC HTML TAGSOptional Attributes of the <HR> tag:

<HR Align=”directtion” Width= “Value” Size=value color=#rrggbb>

Example:<HR Align=CENTER Size=12 Width=100% color=RED><HR Align=CENTER SizeE=6 Width=50% color=GREEN><HR Align=CENTER Size=3 Width=25% color=BLUE><HR Align=CENTER Size=1 Width=10% color=YELLOW>

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Comments

Comments can be inserted in the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable. Comments are ignored by the browser and are not displayed.

Example<html><body>

<p>This is a regular paragraph</p>

</body></html>

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Paragraphs:

Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag Browsers automatically adds an empty line

before and after paragraphs.Example:

<html><body><p>This is a paragraph.<p>This is a paragraph.<p>Don't forget to close your HTML tags!</p></body></html>

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Line Breaks:

Use the <br /> tag if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph.

The <br /> element is an empty HTML element. It has no end tag.

<br> or <br />Example:

<html><body><p>This is<br />a paragraph<br /> with line breaks</p></body></html>

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Text Formatting:

HTML uses tags like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text.

These HTML tags are called formatting tags. Example:

<html><body><p><b>This text is bold</b></p><p><big>This text is big</big></p><p><i>This text is italic</i></p><p>This is<sub> subscript</sub> and <sup>superscript</sup></p>

</body></html>

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BASIC HTML TAGS

Tag Description<b> Defines bold text<big> Defines big text<em> Defines emphasized text <i> Defines italic text<small> Defines small text<strong> Defines strong text<sub> Defines subscripted text<sup> Defines superscripted text<u> Deprecated. Use styles instead

Text Formatting Tags

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Styles: The style attribute is a new HTML

attribute. It introduces CSS to HTML.The purpose of the style attribute is:

To provide a common way to style all HTML elements.

With HTML styles, styles can be added to HTML elements directly by using the style attribute, or indirectly by in separate style sheets (CSS files)..

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BASIC HTML TAGSExamples

• style="background-color:yellow"• style="font-size:10px"• style="font-family:Times"• style="text-align:center"

Some the attribute always use: Background Color

Ex: <body style="background-color:yellow"> The style attribute defines a style for the <body>

element.

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BASIC HTML TAGS Font Family, Color and Size

Ex: <p style="font-family:courier new; color:red;

font-size:20px">– The style attribute defines a style for the <p>

element. Text AlignmentEx: <h1 style="text-align:center">– The style attribute defines a style for the <h1>

element.

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BASIC HTML TAGSHTML Fonts:

<FONT Face=”fontName1, fontName2, fontName3” size=”value” color=”#rrggbb”>

content</FONT>

Example:<p>

<font size="2" face="Verdana">This is a paragraph.

</font></p>

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BASIC HTML TAGSFont Attributes

Company Logo

Attribute Example Purpose

size="number" size="2" Defines the font size

size="+number" size="+1" Increases the font

sizesize="-number" size="-1" Decreases the

font sizeface="face-name"

face="Times"

Defines the font-name

color="color-value"

color="#eeff00"

Defines the font color

color="color-name" color="red" Defines the font

color

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BASIC HTML TAGSThe Right Way to Do It - With Styles:<html>

<body><p style="font-family:verdana;font-

size:80%; color:green">This is a paragraph with style.

</p></body></html>

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HTML ColorsHTML Color Values: HTML colors are defined

using a hexadecimal (hex) notation for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB).

The lowest value that can be given to one of the light sources is 0 (hex 00). The highest value is 255 (hex FF).

Hex values are written as 3 double digit numbers, starting with a # sign.

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HTML Colors

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HTML ColorsHTML Color Names:

The W3C HTML and CSS standards have listed only 16 valid color names:aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.

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HTML ColorsTo change the color scheme of web page you use

Body tag.<BODY BGCOLOR=color TEXT=color LINK=color

VLINK=color>

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