converged communication and ipv6

1 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

Converged Communication and IPv6John Loughney


Voice will be the killer app for some time

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From: Nokia March 2006


But the Mobile Internet is here

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Global Mobile Internet Usage and Access


Convergence is happeningI am:

16502838068 +358504838068 [email protected] [email protected]

gmail/gtalk:john.loughney jabber:loughney skype:loughney gizmo:loughney(17476423923) aim:jlghny

yahoo:j_loughney http://www.flickr.com/j_loughney

http://www.geocities.com/j_loughney/ http://research.nokia.com/people/john_loughney/ http://del.icio.us/loughney

And I want to use these on my phone!

mailto:[email protected]



http://www.flickr.com/j_loughney

http://www.geocities.com/j_loughney/

http://research.nokia.com/people/john_loughney/

http://del.icio.us/loughney


IPv4 has a finite lifetime (from 8 May 2007)• Projected IANA Unallocated Address Pool Exhaustion: 26-Dec-2009 • Projected RIR Unallocated Address Pool Exhaustion: 07-Aug-2010• Both projections are based on past history, so all bets are off once

scarcity starts. • Expect that the exhaustion event will occur before the end of this decade. • The impact of exhaustion and trading will affect everyone that gets

address space from a provider.• A rough ROI calculation for IPv6 deployment based on the IPv4 alternative

being $5-10 per day times the number of devices times the number of employees.

• For more info see• http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/• http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac123/ac147/archived_issues/

ipj_8-3/ipj_8-3.pdf


So what, you might ask• We will have 3+ billion cellular phones by the end of

2007• A growing number are IP capable

• Trend toward Always-On applications• Push Email, VoIP, IM, multimedia services

• Currently, many operators need to run both a circuit switched and an IP network. This leads to higher CAPEX and OPEX.

• In the future, services will migrate to IP.• So the choice is between

• IPv4 with NAT frequent Keep-Alives• IPv6 and long lived connections


NATs with keep alive messages• IPv4 Mobile Devices are usually behind IPv4 NATs

• Always on application are becoming more prevalent• Push Email, VoIP, IM, etc.

• Applications that want to be reachable need to send periodic Keep-Alives to keep NAT state active• Current NATs require Keep-Alive from 40 seconds to 5 minutes• Need to implement for minimum ( ~30 seconds)

• Sending of NAT periodic keep-alive messages decreases mobile device standby time by several days

• Not a problem for devices with power cords, but for mobile devices it is a big problem

Client, Private IPv4 address 1

Server, Public IPv4 address 3Client, Private IPv4 address 2 UDP port = 6538

The UDP inactivity timer in NATs causes the public UDP port 6538 to be assigned to a different mobile, if the mobile does not send any data within a certain amount of time, about every 40 seconds …

There should be NO NATs between the

terminal and the server!


Not All NATs are created equal

• UDP and TCP timeouts vary widely, a default 30 seconds may be needed for UDP.

• Several different NAT traversal mechanisms are needed• STUN, TURN, ICE, Teredo• All bring additional terminal and network complexity • Additional CAPEX and OPEX• All NAT traversal mechanism do open some security holes.

• Even worse, you might be behind different NATs at different times of the day• Home, office, hotspot networks often use different types of NATs.

• Each requiring a different traversal mechanism• Performance over 3G is even worse

• UMTS radio state management prevents the mobile device from entering sleep mode, often reducing standby time by days.

• http://www.niksula.hut.fi/~peronen/publications/haverinen_siren_eronen_vtc2007.pdf


What is Nokia Doing About This?• Nokia has 3 major operating systems in use

• Symbian is used for the S60 user interface• The Nokia Embedded OS is found on S40 terminals • Linux is supported on Nokia Internet Tablets.

• IPv6 is well supported over different radios:• 802.11 bg are supported in phones. • GSM, EDGE, WCDMA, HSPDA (which is 3.5G - up to 3.6 mps downlink), • Wimax will be supported in 2008.

• MIPv4 is available as an add-on, MIPv6 has been demonstrated, DS-MIP is actually needed for commercial services. DS-MIP is still uncompleted in the IETF.

• SIP is supported, as well as VoIP. • SIP/SIMPLE support comes in 2H06. NAT traversal is supported.

• Roaming is supported for VoIP, phones can select VoIP over WiFi when WiFi is available• Several flavors of Enterprise VoIP are supported, as well as 3rd party add-ons for

Skype, MSN,• VoIP support works with Gizmo Project and other services using standard SIP

backend.• In theory, IPv6 should work, but I haven't tested against all the different back-end

servers.• Transition mechanisms are currently not supported, for various reasons, but the

major has been that no one has seriously asked for any to be supported.


For Example …• Mobile TV is good IPv6 Enabled Service• DVB-H standard supports both IPv4 and IPv6 are

supported• Nokia Mobile TV solution is based on IPv6 only

• This ensures that there will be enough IP addresses for all mobile TV users


Take-away thoughts• I want my device to help me to

communication, but I cannot communicate with an IP address or if my battery is dead.

• Convergence means taking disparate or fragmentary elements and integrating them into a new a new whole.

• IPv6 is the only scalable technology to enable multiple services, interconnecting with other networks.


List of Nokia phones supporting IPv6

• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s40_3ed_fp1_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s40_3ed_fp2_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_2ed_fp2_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_2ed_fp3_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_3ed_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_3ed_fp1_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s80_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s80_2ed_1.html

http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s40_3ed_fp1_1.html




http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_3ed_1.html

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