See. 562, P. L. & R.U. 8. POSTAGE.

PaidButte. Mont.Permit No. t 39 -

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£_"ommanJo

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Fehruary 18, 1945

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THIS ISYOURPART

JULIUS A. KRUC

*:The letter reproduced below is one of the most important letters any ofus can read today. For it is the straight-from-the-shoulder declaration fromthe head of the War Production Board that we have a big job yet to do. TheWar and Navy Departments have demanded of fhe War Production Boardthat the production wheels of this country not only keep turning for thewar program but h~rn faster than they ever turned before. The letter, ad-dressed to Mr. J. R. Hobbins, president of the Anaconda Copper MiningCompany, is the type of firm appeal which is being made to Americ~n in-

- dustl:'Yand American worke ..s from coast to coast. In this letter Mr. Krugis speaking to you and you and you and us. There is not a person among usto whom it is not aimed. In short, Uncle Sam is asking all of us to get sol-idly behind this production drive and get this war over with quickly.. ,

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*JAN 16 1945

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J. ft. t-I086INS

"... JAN 111945

Ilr. James ft. Hobbins, President.Anaconda Cop~r Milling Company25 BroadwayNew York, Ne.... York

Dee.r Mr. Habb±ns%~ A~

It is>'essential th~i ,thel'llines and ple.nts of theAnaconda Coppe:r Mining Co~y "produce copper at the sameaverage rate .a~ the fourth quarter of 1944 in order to fulfilyour sila:re.of the overall reqpl.J'ementlJ, inc~u{fil)g the Army'sincreased, Ammunitiot) Progl''aJIl. this will require the "£111 outneffort of eVer.!'~ how on the job and from such additional.labor as can ~ acqutz-ed ,

Due to the greater expenditures of ammunition andthe recent setback on the western front, the Armyhas made anurgent appeal to step up immediately the productaon of ammu-nition on a tremendous scale.

Your· part-, and the part of each e:m'plo:r~e6.t your. properties, is to produce the copper neceasez-y to carry outthis program. I will appreciate your calling this to the at-tention of ever$' \Yorker in your organizati.on for it is onlythrough e~a e~tort, on their part, in cooperation with ~~e-lIlent and the govElTJiment,. that yotU" COmpanywill be able to ac-hieve its" share of th~ req_1l1redcopper productioh.

I can think of no bette~ way in which the employeesof the Anaconda Copper Mining Companycan serve thel.r countryat -th:ts time than by ,producing copper-,

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·0N "his page we reproduce a letterwritten by Mr. ). A. Krug, cha.rman ofthe War Production Board to Mr. J. R.H~bbins, president of the Anaconda Cop-per Mining Company.

We borrowed th is leHer for repro-duction because your labor and m~nage-ment editors of Copper Commando feltthat it was of the utmost importance. Wedon't have any comment to make on theletter, because it speaks for itself._

Copper Commando in the past few~eeks has just returned from the East.We visited not only key governmental of-fices, including the armed services inWashington. but also we visited vastmanufacturing plants throughout the Eastwhere war production is rolling at thegreatest rate in the country's history.

Alo ..g toward the end of last year.everything looked rosy for a quick defeatof Cermany. In December the Nazis un-leashed a tremend.ous counter-offensive.That savage att~ck, which drove ourforces back, made it very clear to our mili-tary leaders that Cermany may be downbut she still isn't out.

The war news has gotten a little bet-ter since then and a lot of us are fallinginto the old stupid habit of thinking thatany day now the whole thing may be over.This is a ridiculous attitude for people totake. It is the aHitude that enrages topmilitary leaders. It is the sort of thinkoingthat makes servicemen, battling throughthe mud and ;moke and fire, froth at themouth.

There is every evidence in the worldthat, even if we get to the gates of Berlinit$elf. guerrilla warfare will continue i..the hills a..d in the forests of Germany.For, after all. even though we gain con-trol of Germany, we still ";ust "police it.We're in the position of the boxer whois about to deal a lethal punch. Crantedhe Caft jar his opponent to th~ floor, but;simply because he knocks h'im down doesnot mean that the oppoReni can't get upagain.

~Mr. Krug has writte .. not only to tfte

AnacOl'Hla Company, appeali"g to all of-us to carry on. He has written to Ameri- 'can industry at large, backing up tfte ap- ,peal of t.,. ArMY afttl Navy for all-out P!O-cluction.

Copper is INek again it. tlte highranks of critical metals. We're shootiAgthe stuff away ten times faster thHi wethought we were goi..g to. We need everysingle oUflC~of copper we Caft produce.

Let's get out of this mood tltat every-thing is all set. We have a long, hardway to go. We won't be bringing theboys back until w. have finished thi.thing once and '01' all•

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TIME OUT FOR MAIL: TheIwightest spot in any fightingman's day is reached when themail comes. For mail fro mhome is the only link betweenour fighting men and the lifethey used to know ••• V-Mail

~ has made it possible for us tokeep in close touch with ourboys in the services. V-Mail isfast and if can't get lost. Makeit a habit to write as often asyou can to the boys in the serv-ices. and use V-Mail whereverpossible.

*·(;OPPEB (;OMMANDO,

VOL. III

Copper Commando is the official news-paper of the Victory ~bor-ManagementProduction Committees of the AnacondaCopper Mining Company and its UnionRepresentatives at But t e, Anaconda,Creat Falls and East Helena, Montana. It.is issued every two weeks. • • . CopperCommando is headed by a joint commit-tee from Labor and Management, its pol-icies are shaped by both sides and are dic-tated by neither .... Copper Commandowas established at the recommendationof the War Department with the concur-rence of the War Produchon Board. Itseditors are Bob Newcomb and Marg Sam-mons; its safety editor is John L. Board-man; its chief photographer is AI Cusdorf;its staff photographer is Les Bishop. . ••Its Editorial Board consists of: Denis Mc-Carthy, CIO; lohn F. Bird,AFL; EdRenou-ard, ACM, from Butte; Dan Byrne~CIO;Joe Marick, AFL; C. A. Lemmon, ACM,from Anaconda; Jack Clarlc, CIO; HerbDonaldson. AFL,and E.S. Bardwell. ACM,from Crut Falls•• '•• Copper Commandois mailed to the home of every employeeof ACM in the four locations--if you arenot receiving your copy advise CopperCommando at 112 Hamilton Street, Hutte.

FEBRUARY16, 1945·.

•FEBRUARY 16, 1945 NO. 13

In This Issue:'fB I --------------- - : 4Here is an article written expressly for read ers of Copper Commando which has beenreviewed and approved by the Federal Bureau of Investigataion. It-tells as much ascan be told until the war is won. J. Edgar Hoover in a personal message to the em...ployeesof the Anaconda Copper Mining Company issues a warning: "Enemy agents •driven by desperation, will attempt to dest roy and wreck our war machine!'

BEHIND Ttl E SCENES ------------ ~ .8.Informative talks themed to share knowled ge of operations of the- Anaconda Copper.Mining Company with its employees are given regularly at the Butte Labor-Manage...ment meetings. Members of the Committee asked that these talks be used in Copper.Commando so that all might "listen in". Here's the first one. It was given by LesterBishop and it covers the behind-the-scenes operations.

STOC KINC UP ------------- . . . : 1 tSupplies needed by the various depa.rtment s of the Refinery at Great Falls are checkedin by the boys in the Warehouse. The cars of carload shipments are checked on thetracks. Checking finished, the Warehouse boys give the instructions for the unload..ing, storage or delivery to the department needing the supplies and in this way they.play 'their part in keeping the wheels of production moving.

COMINC ON SHIFT . . -----.-----~-------..---------- llDuring the summer we got a couple of shots of the fellows at the Smelter at Anacondaas they reported for work. Most of the fellows come out on the cars and get off at theupper gate. The cars bring out a load and then wait for the fellows going off shift saas to take them back to town. .3.

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'A general view of the United States Department of Justice Building, Washington, D. C., is shown inthe top picture. The middle picture shows the mammoth Drill Hall which houses the fingerprintfiles of the Card Index of the Identification Division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. In thebottom picture a class of Special Agents are attending a lecture on the Nasi party at the FBI Academy.

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ON September 6, 1939! an importantdocument was released. Few people saw.it at the time; the country as a wholeis not even aware of its existence .

. But on that date. the President,through the Attorney General, authorizedthe Federal Bureau of Investigation of theDepartment of Justice "to take charge'of investigative work in matters relatingto espionage. sabotage and violations ofthe neutrality regulations:' Followingthe issuance of the order there was re-leased from the office of the FederalBureau of Investigation, a branch of thegovernment much better known as theFBI. a confidential document suggesting \ways and means for the protection 'of in-dustrtal facilities.

When the final chapter of this gi-gantic war is written. one of the tributesnow unpaid will be made to the FB' forits almost astonishing work in holding

. espionage and sabotage to a point cleseto zero.

Not much can be told now becausethe war has yet to be won and because~ts alert branch of the government hasby no means relaxed its efforts.

But a few months ago, the protec-tive staffs of the Anaconda Copper Min-.ing Company at its various Montana lo-

cations were cited by the Office ofCivilian Defense for an outstanding jobin safeguarding the vital mines andsmelters related to war work. That rep-resented the first open tribute to an effortso warmly supported by the communitiesto make sure that no agent of a foreigngovernment had paralyzed the war pro-gram in this essential industry. And be-hind that citation lies a story; only partof it can be told now.

The directive of the President notedthat "This task must be conducted in acomprehensive and effective manner ona national basis, and all information mustbe carefully sifted out and correlated inorder to avoid confusion of responsi bi Ihy .. . . T~ this" end I request all police offi-cers, sheriffs, and all other law enforce-ment officers In the United Statespromptly to turn over to the nearest rep-resentative of the Federal Bureau of In-vestigation any information obtained bythem relating to espionage, counter es-pionage, sabotage, subversive activitiesand violations of the neutrality laws. It

To put it in somewhat simpler lan-guage, the FBI was charged with protect-ing the whole productive faci Iities of thecountry at a time when operatives of for-eign governments had settled themselvesand were busy at work. Probably noone, even the able head of the FBI, hadany idea of the staggering responsibilitythe President's order called for.

Here, in a nutshell, is the record, andit is a tribute not only to this great armof the government but to the willing co-operation of hundreds of millions of peo-ple in communities throughout the coun-try: Since the order was issued nearly sixyears ago, and particularly since the at-tack on Pearl Harbor, there has been no,successful foreign act of sabotage com-mitted against the United States. Thiscan be most favorably compared with therecord of the last war when acts of sabo-tage by German agents cost the Americangovernment and American industry un-told millions.

This program required plenty of ex-pert piloting. so the greatest credit goes,to the captain of the ship. His name is ahousehold word in this country and it isone that is feared and dreaded among thrspy groups of our enemies. It is JohnEdgar Hoover, who recently passed histwentieth milestone as director of theFederal Bureau of Investigation. Mr.Hoover has marshalled probably the finestforce of experts -to a particular line any-where under the sun. The FBI probablystands out in a heavy political picture asthe greatest non-political unit of man-power in the federal government.

When the presidential mandate wasissued, the FBI took over the vast taskof informing American industry of waysand means by which to fight the work ofspies and saboteurs. (As a matter ofdefinition, espionage means the gather-ing of information helpful to art enemycountry; sabotage means the actual phys-ical destruction of industrial facilifies.J]At the direction of the heads of the War

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"-John Edgar Hoover, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, U. S. Department of Justice.

A Word From Mr. Hoover

TO THE EMPLOYEES OF THE ANACONDA COPPER MININC COMPANY:•

To both the management and the workers in America's war industries, thepeople of America owe a debt of gratitude that will never fully be repaid. You, andthe men and women in all the factories 0 f the' nation who have toiled with you,have earned the heartfelt thanks of eve ry citizen of our Democracy; you haveearne~ the thanks, too, of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Not in one instanceJsince the bombing of Pearl Harbor, has 0 ur production of vital materials for theUnited Nations been interrupted by an act of foreign-directed sabotage. That i,a tribute to your integrity and your patriotic devotion to the cause of freedom.

The responsibility of the workers and management in America's war plants ex-tends far beyond the mere performance of a contract or the mere execution of as-signed tasks; it demands a. spirit of cooper ation and teamwork, an unselfish deter.mination to win no matter what the cost. We in the Federal Bureau of Investigationare especially thankful to the millions of men and women, both labor and manage ..ment, who have laid aside their differences, jlnd joined hands in the interests of win-ning the war. AllY movement or program that implements that purpose is certainly'deserving of the highest praise. .

But we must remember "hat the fight against the enemy is by no means ewer.The war is still raging at full fury, and we have every reaS()n to believe that theenemy will continue ro mak~ every possible effort to interrupt our war producHon.Enemy agents, driven by desperation, will attempt to destroy and 'cripple and wreclCour war machine. It is safe for me to say that the Agents of the FBI are watchingenemy 11I0veswithin our borders more carefully than at any time since4pearl Harbor..We ask the same vigilance of you.

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The picture above shows metal being burned in arc of spectograph. Technical Laboratory. Federal Bu-reau of Investigation! U. S. Department of Justice. .

THESEARE ENEMY ACENTS

,These are enemy agents. and as this article goesto press, they are still at large. Law enforcementofficers and citizens throughout the country havebeen requested by J. Edgar Hoover of the FBI tobe on the alert for these dangerous spies. At theleft above is Max Christian Johannes Schnee-mann, 4.4. a former resident of Pereira, Colombia.and a graduate of the Nazi espionage schools atThe Hague and Berlin. The man in the center is,Oscar Max Wilms. 37, a former resident of

Managua, Nicaragua. also trained in espionagework. At the right is Hans Rudolf ChristinZuehlsdorff, 25. also a trained spy. AU three ofthese men had been active in Nazi propaganda 01'

espionage activities in South America before theyentered this country. The Federal Bureau of In-vestigation has issued complete descriptions ofthese three men and the public as a whole is urgedto cooperate with the Bureau ill tracking dowathese spies.

"NOW SOME OF IT CAN BE TOLD

IN m~ny respects. the war against spies and saboteurs 'has been as -important as themilitary war. That no foreign act ~f sabotage has been committed in this countrysince Pearl Harbor is a tribute, first 0' all, to that great, silent network of talented....manpower known as the Federal Bureau of Investigation. But it is a tribute also tothe protective staffs in mines, mills and factories the nation over. For these me~many of whom you know, were chosen at the express order of the War and Navy De-

partments an4 they were trained and tutored under the direction of the FBI. This.is the story, then-as much of it as can be told until the war is over. This article hasbeen reviewed and approved by the Feder':. Bureau of Investigation, and it was writ-ten expressly for readers of Copper Comma ndo.

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and Navy Departments, the FBI con-ducted a complete survey of industrialconcerns engaged in production of warmaterials. Each plant was looked overwith the utmost care, with an eye to set-ting up means by which to protect it.

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The manual on protection of indus-trial plants was thorough; it was issued.in strict confidential form, in December,1941 (only' a few days after the attackat Pearl Harbor), and served as a guideto protective groups in war plants.

Some people still believe that theestablishment of guards and patrols atwar production operations was a privatematter. Nothing could be farther fromthe truth: these groups of men ~ere setup at the express request of the War andNavy Departments, and they were thor-oughly trained by government agents.

There was not on~ plant operationwhich was overlooked by the FBI in as-suring protection of the facilities' andworkers. The War Department orderedfingerprinting of employees in industrialplants vital to national defense and di-rected the FBI as to the means by whichit was done. All such operations wereconducted under the express order of theWar or Navy Department. Many work-ers, during the early trying days of thewar, saw little need for the annoyances towhich they felt they were put. But therecord speaks for itself: The admissionof an enemy alien, for example, into theranks of the Butte miners could haveresulted in major loss of life in the Buttemines. A saboteur who might havemanaged to gain access to the smelter atAnaconda could have paralyzed war pro-duction in a matter of a few minutes. Ifit had been possible for a spy to get pastthe gates at Great Falls, he could havewrecked copper production for a longperiod of time.

- The FBI knew all these things andlong before the war started had prepareditself for them all over the country.

Not a point was overlooked. TheFBI stressed the need for applicationforms, for the selection of personnel, fora close check of absentees, for the move-ments of employees within plants, andactivities in cafeterias and locker rooms.

The FBI suggested that industrialplants pay great attention to such thingsas flood-lighting, occupants and contentsof automobiles, shipping and receivingplatforms, delivery trucks, precision tools.telephones and explosives. The Bureauwent further-it urged attention to con-fidential documents, to the contents ofsafes, the handling of rpail, to identifi-cation badges and cards. to the creden-tials of visitors and sub-contractors. Iteven advised plants as to the disposal ofwaste paper and to watch carefully jan-itors and charwomen. It was the FBIwhich recommended the establ ishmentof what is called the guar.cf force, and itssuggestions were most specific. Thequalifications Wef"e most specific, too:Guards must be carefully chosen, their I

training complete. Policies which, tomany workers throughout the UrWted

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States might seem to have come fromcompany managements, came di rectlyfrom this Bureau upon order of the ArmedServices; guards were instructed as to du-ties at communications systems, for ex-ample; at loading platforms and railroadsidings; at incoming freight cars, Theirprocedure as to reports was definitely setforth. Even such small matters as theexamination of packages followed directlythe pattern recommended by the FBI.Matters of fire prevention were naturally

, included, but the Bureau even went fur-ther, into recommendations for the han-d4ing of bombs and explosives.

It is a safe assertion that, almostfrom the time of the end of the last war,the spy system of Germany has been op-erating. It is not many years since Japa-nese agents visited the Butte mines, forexample, and within the eyesight of manypeople made notes and took pictures.This country in those days operated in aspirit of friendliness with the nations weare now fighting. It is now clear to any-body that these operations, which tookplace in broad daylight, were intendednot as friendly gestures of friendly na-tions, but as data-gathering trips. Hadthe war gone favorably for the Axis pow-ers for one more year, it is certain that-the information gathered in connectionwith the Butte mines could have meanttheir complete destruction.

There are those among us who recallthe "friendly" visits of Nazis and Japa-nese at the Anaconda smelter. They, too,took down many notes, drew sketchesand took photographs. The same pro-cedure occurred at Great Falls. Anybodywho uses. his head cannot fail to see towhat uses this information might have .been put.

Happily, the only major acts of sabo-tage which have been committed in thiscountry since Pearl Harbor have beendone by unthinking men and boys. A lotof blame must rest with youngsters who,largely in a spirit of fun, have seriouslyhampered war production. In wan plantsthere have been several instances ofworkers, who in a mood of temporaryspite, have fouled the war program. For-tunately, the damage in no case has beengreat.

None of this is meant to suggestthat .the war against saboteurs has beenwon; any more than that the war againstthe Axis has been won. As the war movesin favor of the United Nations, you cancount on it that every Axis agent on thiscontinent has been.ordered to step up hisefforts. There wi II be a stronger attemptthan at any time during the war to wreckAmerican production now. We mustconstantly be on the alert against the ef-forts of enemy agents. The Federal Bu-reau of Investigation properly pays itstribute to the millions of American peo-ple who have cooperated with it in keep-ing the slate clean. But the FBI urgesthese same millions not to relax for a ~jn-gle minute in this great drive to make itstay that way.

FEBRUARY 16, 1945.

Here are special agents'firing the Thompson Sub-machine gun on the FBI Range, Quantico, Virginia..

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Technicians at work in the Chemical Section of the Technical Laboratory, F81, U. S. Dept. of Justice.

Here hundreds of employees live incominl fingerprint cards .. "pre-search" classification.

LESTER BISHOP

•TALKS of a highly interesting and informativenature a,e given regularly at the Butte Labor.Management Committee meetings; The purposeof these talks is to share knowledge of operationsof the Anaconda Copper Mining Company withits employees. Since it is not possible for all theemployees to attend these meetings and hear thetalks given, it was suggested at a recent Labor·Management meeting that Copper Commandocarry them. In that way members of the commit·tee felt that other employees could "pull up achair and listen in."

The first talk given was on "Service:" LesterBishop, Production Foreman at Butte, delivered it.Les is well known around Butte for from 1928to 1938 he was Assistant Foreman at the EmmaMine. He has been connected with the Covern·ment Training Programs as Panel Consultant andhas been in charge of the shift boss school sinceits beginning. Part of 11is work in the mining re-search end involves Jhe trying out of new miningmethods. All of this work adds up to Les' gettingaround and meeting a whale of a lot of folks.

We are sorry that all of you fol~s couldn'thear Les' talk first hand for we know that youwould have enioyed it. However, we are usingit in its entirety and have taken pictures (see howmany of the folks you recognise) from CopperCommando files to illustrate the many servicesprovided--all of which are a great improvementover the old days when a miner had to be a jack- .of-ail-trades.

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BEHIND THE 'SCENESBehind the scenes in the Butte mines, a service system functions. Fact is, it functions so well thatfew are aware of it. But you can bet on one thing and that is that an old-time miner would be awareof it. In the old days, the miner had to do all the jobs himself. His jobs included framing timber, sharp-ening his own pick, digging the ore, getting it to surface and a lot of other things. Today with a goodservice system' installed in the Butte mines, each man has his own job which ties in with the next fel-low's and it speeds up the production of copper so vitally needed by Uncle Sam.

SERVICE is defined by Webster as any resultof useful labor which aids in producing, but doesnot produce, in itself, a tangible commodity. Serv-ice. as we. understand it in our work. consists ofgiving aid to others in order ·that they may bemore able to produce ore.

Starting at the beginning of things the firstman had to go out, get the game, bring it home,butcher it, gather wood, cook the meat, tan thehider make sewing implements. make clothes-inbrief, each man had to do every job connectedwith maintaining an existence. Service beganwhen other members of his family did usefullabor contributing to his efforts, such as house-keeping. tanning hides, making clothes and uten-sils, gathering firewood, etc. The producers ofthe present, 'the miners. the farmers, the stock-growers, are further serviced these days by thebutcher, the tailor, the gas and electric com-panies. the water company, etc.

The first miners had to get wood for a fire,make charcoal, sharpen a pick, go underground,dig ore. carry it out in a basket, get wood. framethe timber, etc.; in short. do every job in connec-tion with getting out a basketful of ore. Servicebegan here with one man getting wood. makingcharcoal. sharpening the pick and framing thetimber while the miner dug the ore and carried, it out. This was a more productive method thanwhen each man did all the necessary jobs himself.It also developed better skills and qualities ofproduct. and was the beginning of specialization,And so. for these reasons. service has continuedto be improved to the present. Service. now, totheproducer-miner, involves carpenters for fram-ing timber; motormen and cars for transporta-tion; pipemen for air and ~ater lines; black-smiths. machinists, and nippers for tools; elec-tricians for power, etc .• resulting in a large num-ber of craftsmen, mechanics, specialists and la-

"borers of one kind or another being required tosupply their service specialties.

Such a combination of men and diverseduties could be complex and unwieldy. 10 avoidexcessive and unused services to some men' atthe expense of no service at all to others, a systemof service has been developed by the AnacondaCompany which has come a long way from thefirst miner who had to do all the jobs himself.

The Service System is divided into the fol-lowing parts: General Service, which covers per-sonal and welfare service, and Working Service,which includes timber, car and tool service.

Under the General Service System comes thefacilities of keeping a record of a man's timewhile working, his safety. his hospital, insurance,

social security, and tax accounts. His changehouse accommodations and bathing facilities. Hisworking schedule or hoisting and lowering time.The ventilation of his working place and auxiliaryequipment, even air-conditioning ina large num-ber of places. Establishing sanitary drinking wa-ter installations, Adopting safety protectiveequipment and installations. This all comes undergeneral service t~ the miner.

The underground service has been classifledinto three main groups: Timber Service, Car Serv-ice, Tool Service. A Supervisor of Service andSupply is employed enti rely on underground serv-ice in addition to the regular operating mineforces. His duty is to study the service of eachmine and make recommendations to the mine.Each mine has service maps for layout of service.

The Timber Service System comprises theordering by the mines, delivery by railroad car tomine yard, unloading, and sending underground.

In order that there will be an adequate andconvenient supply of timber underground, timberstations have been established. These stations areof three types: the large central type, the zonetype, and the individual type. The large centraltimber stations are used where there are a largenumber of .working places in a small area. Thezone type of timber station is used where theworkings are more scattered. and in this case,smaller timber stations are located in zones inthe vicinity of a number of working places. Theindividual type of station is used where the centralOr zone stations are not applicable and consists ofside sets near the service entrance to a workingplace. There may be combinations of these typesto fit various conditions. Where there is morethan one st~tion on a level it is given a letter,thus. 36-A. 36-8, 36-C, etc.; 36-C means "c"timber station on 3600 level.

The supply of timber in either of these typesof stations ~ based on requirements of having asufficient supply of timber available at all timesand in sufficient quantities to insure an ade-quate supply.

The stations are divided into stalls for dif-ferent kinds' of timber, with a sign designatingeach type, and tracks are r.un into these stationsso timber can be stored and readily recoveredfor use.

Large timber trucks are replacing the smallertimber trucks so that larger loads of timber canbe brought to the stations.

Compressed air hoists are used where it isnecessary to hoist timber to working places.Where the timber is lowered to working places, arope is installed with safety chain and dogs.

Safety, hospital, insurance, union dues, SocialSecurity and taxes are recorded by Mines' Office.

The timekeeper checks the time of the miners andthe paymaster follows up with the miner's check.

Hoisting and lowering the shift on schedule i.one of the behind-the-scenes of pro.tuction.

FEBRUARY 16, 1945

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Each miner has his own ventilated locker. Showersare provided in the room off the locker room.

Ventilating fan. tubing and door which distributethe fresh air to the working places are shown.

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you see peman putting on a valvewhich will provide water for the working place.

sanitary drinking fountains and bag filler.are being installed on all levels underground._.

Men are trained to use newest mine rescue equip-ment in order to be prepared for an emergency.

'The shift bosses are provided with singleprinted order sheets which they fill out under-ground each day when checking the supply oftimber in the timber stations, This order sheetspecifies what is needed and destination. It isturned into the foreman's clerk at noon, whocopies it onto a master sheet and then posts themaster sheet near the shaft for the yard crew tofollow in lowering, Current orders are in black,rush orders are in red and special orders are givento the boss carpenter, As each order is filled bythe yard crew, according to the master sheet, itis marked or stenciled, on the timber itself, andsent underground, and checked off on the mastersheet, The original order sheet-goes to the boss'spartner on the opposite shift so that he will knowwhat was ordered and can use it as a check un-derground. '

As stated in the rules of standard procedure:"The responsibility of the system does not endwith the ordering of the timber, but continues onuntil the timber is used, and any failure of de-livery should be followed up and corrected."

Car Service means cars provided for removalof ore which the miners produce and also fortransportation of waste for filling in place of theore removed.

To supply adequate car service the operatingstaff at a mine lays out a definite tramming planfor each level with consideration to the number /of places to service, number of cars, number ofmotors, track grades, and length of trains.

Much emphasis has. been placed on thetracks and the necessity of keeping them in goodorder. Forty-pound rails are standard for big carhaulage with 3/16" grade per five feet in favorof the load. No curves can 'have less thaneighteen feet radius.

Large self-dumping cars have largely re-placed the sm~1I cars that required hand dump-ing. Each large car holds almost five times asmuch ore as the small car. •

All sill plans of the present involve tail tracklayouts along with the regular haulage track; thetail tracks must be installed beyond loading ordumping chutes for a distance equal to the lengthof train pulled in that area.

Turnouts or double track must be used atleast every 200 feet when driving headings sothat there will be a minimum amount of delayin switching empties and loads.

Safety zones are installed along haulageways where persons may go while trains arepassing. If a person happens to be outside of azone a train must stop until the person passesthe train.

The present practice is to dump all loads be-fore the end of the shift and set up the oncomingshift with cars where they will be needed: Eachboss leaves a note to his partner as to the carsituation, disposition, chutes needing attentionfirst, etc., so that he may be able to line up theservice for his on-coming men.

Tool Service is just as important as TimberService or Car Service-a worker needs tools towork with. The present Tool Service ·Systemstarts on surface in the mine yard warehouse.From here tool nippers route the tools in specialcrates to the various underground stations. Fromthe underground stations the tools are routed totool lockers, which are located according to thesame kind of a plan as the underground timberstations.

Here's a battery electric tram motor used forhauling ore. waste and supplies underground.

Framed timbers are delivered to the mine onrailroad cars from'the Framing Mill at Rocker.

Stringers are loaded on cage to taken un-derground. The framed timber is shown at left.

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Here's a central timber station underground.Timber is available to the miners at all times.

This is a zone timber station located closer to theworking place and therefore more convenient.

tobe used for tima.ering.

A Cranby car, used for hauling ore and waste,is .being repaired by the servjce mechanics.

Cars and motors are brought to the surface to beoverhauled in the Butte Mines' Machine Shop.

The battery sets for locomotives are kept up tosnuff by the boys in the Electrical Shop.

Here's an outside shot of an underground toollocker where the miners can obtain sharp tools.

daily to make sureand needed equipment are on hand in the locker.

The tool lockers usually consist of two parts,an unlocked outer part where the drill steel,track and pipe material, and spikes are kept andan inner locked room, where machines, rubberhose, and hand tools are kept. There is an at-tendant at the large stations, but where there isno attendant there is a notice posted as to thewhereabouts of the person having the key.

A stock list of what constitutes a fullystocked locker is permanently posted inside eachlocker. This list is checked at the end of nightshift and any shortage from this stock list is con-sidered as current shortage and replaced im-mediately.

In order to k-eep a sufficient supply of toolsin the locker at all times a form sheet is used.One side is used for listing tools issued and re-turned, and the other side is for listing shortagesunder type of tool and working place. This isthe standard form for recording tool and equip-ment issues and shortages in working places. Thisform must be filled out by the locker attendantor shift boss on night shift so it may be turnedover to the boss nipper and replaced the firstthing on the following morning. This enables thetool house attendants and nippers to take care ofshortages immediately. '

A miner can obtain any tool by applying tothe tool house attendant. He is requested to re-turn the broken or dull tool but in case he doesnot have it he is not refused a new one. Minersare urged to keep their small tools in a box in theworking place to avoid loss of tools ~r delays look-ing for them on the following shift.

Dull tools and equipmenf not turned in atthe tool lockers are picked up by the nippers. Alltools are sent to surface in the special crates usedfor lowering sharp tools. where they are re-condi-tioned.

The man who takes care of the tool lockergenerally issues the powder in conjunction withthe shi"ft boss. In fact. the tool houses have thetimes posted on them when powder is issued.

The powder houses are fire proof. air-ventedand equipped with water spray installations. Theyare always kept locked. except wh-en powder isbeing issued. Powder is brought, underground andto the magazines in special wood-lined powdertrucks. The powder remaining in the magazine is 'moved to the front and the new powder storedbehind to avoid having any powder becoming oldand unreliable.

The cap and fuse primers are made up in theprimer house on surface with ends tipped withwhite paint (which indicates they are full lengthup to the time they are cut for rotation). Theprimers ar.e sent underground in wood boxes andtaken to the underground primer stations, wherethey are hung on pegs with a sign denoting thelengths. '

The primer houses are dry, air-vented, andkept locked except when opened by the properman at powder issuing time.

This is the Service System as it is now. It isnot perfect but it is good. How well it works de-pends E>ncooperation between workers and su-pervisors. The first miner who did all the jobshimself did not get any cooperation except whathe gave himself. but as industry grew-and grows-the more specialization is attained, the morecooperation is required. We want to make the I

Service System better. We are always glad to re-ceive suggestions that will help to make it so.

Here are the men efficiently getting out ore whichUncle Sam must have if this war is to be won.

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Hose, picks, wire cable for the slushers, oil bot-tles, saws! chains and pipe fitting in locker.

Drills from all the mines used underground arebrought to the Central Drill Shop for repair.

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cture showing a powderPowder houses are on each level.

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At the end of the shift lamps are checked andbatteries placed on charge for the following day.

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STOCKING UP

*When the suoplies needed at Creat Falls arriveby freight or express after having been orderedthrough the Purchasing Departme!'t, the boys atthe Warehouse take over and deliver the goods.

*THE .folks in the Warehouse at Great Fallshave charge of the receiving, checking, and dis-bursing of the needed supplies to keep the manydepartments at the Reduction Works operating.It's the boys in the Warehouse who go out on thejob and do outside checking of carloads of lum-ber from Bonner for instance. The lumber mustbe checked for size, grade and description before-it can be delivered to the department for whichit was ordered. It's up to them to make the ar-rangements for the unloading of the car by theSurface Department, too. The same thing is trueof any material received at the Plant. It must gothrough the Warehouse before it can be unloaded,stored or delivered.

Shown in the top picture are Karl Aim, fore-man of the Warehouse gang, and Ed Morrison.The picture was taken when Ed brought in a re-port of supplies just received. KaYIknew that oneof the departments at the Reduction Works was inneed of the material just checked in so he quick-ly grabbed the phone to advise the department,from which the order had originated, of the re-.ceipt of their supplies. Karl has been at the Ware-house for around twenty-four years and, as fore-man, has seven men working with him. One ofthe seven men is Ed Morrison, standing to theright in the picture, who has been on the job inthe Warehouse for the past four years.

Chester Johnson, who was on vacation whenwe got the pictures, does the outside checking ofshipments and is known as a "material" man.Chester has been on the job for over fifteen yearsand when a carload of lumber or other suppliesarrives, he's the fellow who goes to the car onthe track and after putting his okay on it, issuesthe orders for the unloading.

The stock' material for the Plant is stored atthe Warehouse or other storage locations, such asthe Zinc Warehouse, cement shed, etc. The sup-plies as needed are requisitioned and at that timecharged to the department needing them. MaryAbell, shown in the center picture, has been suc-ceeded by Sam H. Holden. Sam issues suppliessuch as oxygen. checks supplies. helps with sm~lI-er deliveries and puts supplies away in the Ware-house as they are received. Albert Enlow. alsoshown in the center picture, helps with deliveriesand waits on the counter in the oil house. Heallots the gas and oil used around the Plant.

Gerald Molen, truck driver for the Ware-house, is shown on the truck handing a five gal-Ion can of enamel paint to Charles Schatzka.Gerald goes into town and picks up supplies anddelivers the supplies around the Plant. CharlesSchatzka waits on the counter in the Warehouseand helps on the outside with the checking inof supplies.

The whole Plant at Great Falls would feelit if anything happened to stop the operations ofthe Warehouse for when supplies are needed,they're needed. badly. Operations cannot go onindefinitely-whatever they may be-without, re-placement of supplies. But the boys in the Ware-house are on the job and they keep the supplieson hand for the departments at the Plant.

FEBRUARY 16. 1945.

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(;OMINGON SHIFTT 0 get the employees of the Smelter atAnaconda to their jobs is a job--and it'sably handled by Superintendent Harryjohnson of the Public Utility Depart-merits. Eighteen round trips are madeeach worki ng day by the two five-cartrains shown in the pictures. However,not all five cars are used for each trip.Sometimes-in between shift changes-only one or two cars are used on 'a trip.It goes without saying, though, that allfive cars are used on every trip aroundshift change time. A load is taken up andthe train waits for the men coming offshift and brings them down. The capacityof, five cars is two hundred eighty-eightmen. The motor car seats sixty men andthe trai I cars accommodate fifty-six meneach.

The trains leave from the car barn atthe west end of Anaconda and proceeddown Third Street for about twenty-twoblocks. Men living north or south of ThirdStreet come to the regular stops on ThirdStreet to board the cars.

The picture shows the fellows lastsummer as they left the train at the uppergate, lunch bucket in hand. all set to dotheir bit for Uncle Sam by helping pro-duce the vitally needed copper.