copper determination in jba water

8/3/2019 Copper Determination in JBA Water

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Copper determination in JBA water

By Group 1

Chang Wei Lim

Shaghayegh Pezzeshkpour

Fagge Ibrahim Isah

Chee Pui Har SGC 090038


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Copper is a heavy metal found in natural deposits asores containing other elements. It is widely used inhousehold plumbing materials

In 1974, Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act.This law requires EPA to determine safe levels ofchemicals in drinking water.

These non-enforceable levels, based solely on possiblehealth risks and exposure, are called MaximumContaminant Level Goals
http://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water-education/quality-water-heavymeatal.htmhttp://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water_quality/protection-safedrinkingwateract.htmhttp://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water_quality/protection-safedrinkingwateract.htmhttp://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water-education/quality-water-heavymeatal.htm


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Drinking Water Standards:

MCLG: 1.3 ppm

Action level: 1.3 ppm

The Action Level for copper has also been set at 1.3ppm because EPA believes, given presenttechnology and resources, this is the lowest level to

which water systems can reasonably be required tocontrol this contaminant should it occur indrinking water at their customers home taps


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APHA 3111B Test Method

Apparatus:

Atomic Absorption Spectrometer

Reagents:

Air cleaned and dried thru filter to remove oil,water and foreign substances

Acetylene standard commercial grade


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Metal free water- use for preparing all reagents andcalibration standards and as dilution water

Conc. Nitric acid, HNO3

Copper stock solution dissolve 0.100g copper

metal in 2ml conc. HNO3, add 10.0ml conc. HNO3and dilute to 1000ml with water;

1.00ml =100 g Cu


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Standard working solution

0.05 ppm pipet 1ml standard stock solution anddilute to 100ml water, again pipet 5ml and dilute to

100ml water

0.1 ppm pipet 1ml standard stock solution anddilute to 100ml water, again pipet 10ml and dilute

to 100ml water0.5 ppm- pipet 1ml standard stock solution anddilute to 200ml water


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1.0 ppm pipet 1ml standard stock solution anddilute to 100ml water

2.0 ppm - pipet 2ml standard stock solution and

dilute to 100ml water

Sample solution Incoming JBA (Jabatan

Bekalan Air) water


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Air-Acetylene Atomic AbsorptionSpectrometer Setting


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Procedures

- Turn on instrument, apply to Cu hollow

cathode lamp the current suggested

- Let instrument warm up until energy sourcestabilizes

- Readjust current as necessary after warm up

- Optimize energy gain is obtained

- Align lamp in accordance withmanufacturers instructions


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- Adjust burner head position

- Turn on air and adjust flow rate to thatspecify by manufacturer to give maximum

sensitivity for metal being measured

- Turn on acetylene, adjust flow rate to valuespecified and ignite flame

- Stabilize flame for a few minutes- Aspirate blank consisting of deionized water

containing the same concentration of acidin standards and samples


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- Zero the instrument

- Aspirate a standard solution and adjust aspirationrate of the nebulizer to obtain maximum

sensitivity

- Adjust burner both vertically and horizontally toobtain maximum response

- Aspirate blank again and rezero the instrument- Aspirate standard working solution of 0.05 ppm,

0.1 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 1.0 ppm and 2.0 ppm, recordabsorbance of these standards


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- Aspirate blank and zero the instrument eachtime when each standard is aspirated

- Prepare a Cu calibration curve by plotting on

linear graph absorbance of standards versustheir concentrations

- Rinse nebulizer by aspirating water containing

1.5ml conc. HNO3/L- Aspirate blank and zero instrument

- Aspirate sample and determine its absorbance


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Calculations

- Calculate concentration of Cu in ppm byreferring to Cu calibration curve

ResultsWorking Standard

SolutionAbsorbance

0.05ppm 0.0070.1 ppm 0.014

0.5ppm 0.063

1.0 ppm 0.115

2.0 ppm 0.215


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Evaluation of results

JBA Water Sample Solution Absorbance

1 -0.0032 -0.0013 -0.002

Parameters Test Methods Results Maximum Permitted Proportion

Copperas Cu)

APHA 3111B ND(


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Conclusions

Based on above analysis results, copper content inJBA water are within EPA, Standard for water and

packaged drinking water, Regulation 394 (1) and360B(3) and WHO specification


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Method Validation of Cu using AAS

copper determination in jba water

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