Copy the Table of Contents and Notes info below into your notebook

Table of ContentsFeb 25th, Meiosis Day 1

NotesFeb 25th, Meiosis Day 1

What type of reproduction uses meiosis?What happens in each step of meiosis?

Meiosis = needed for sexual reproduction◦ Requires 2 parents◦ Offspring contains DNA from both parents

Happens in both plant and animal cells

Also called REDUCTION DIVISION◦ Because it reduces the number of chromosomes

in gametes to ½ the number contained in the parent cell

Human body cells have 46 chromosomes each (23 from each parent)

Any cell that contains the full number of chromosomes is called a 2n or diploid cell

*Diploid= 2 copies of each geneSymbol = 2n

• Mitosis makes diploid cells

*Homolog = 2 chromosomes in a pair

Gametes : cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes, 1 chromosome from each pair (also called haploid)*Human gametes have 23 chromosomes each

Haploid Cell: the type of cell produced during meiosis (1/2 the usual number of chromosomes) – aka gamete◦ Symbol = 1n

Egg> gamete females produce ◦ Human Female egg = 23 chromosomes

Sperm> gamete males produce ◦ Human male sperm = 23 chromosomes

Fertilization> when male and female gametes (egg & sperm) combine to become a 2n cell with 46 chromosomes that can grow into new cell

23 chromosomes from mother’s egg+ 23 chromosomes from father’s sperm

46 chromosomes total in new offspring

Mitosis = Diploid Cell

Meiosis = Haploid Cell

Purpose of meiosis: ◦Sexual reproduction◦Create “gametes”

Occurs in 2 phases: ◦Meiosis I◦Meiosis II

Meiosis I

Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I and Cytokinesis

Interphase I

Meiosis I

DNA replicates! Amount doubles

Homologous chromosomes pair up (form tetrad)

Nuclear Membrane disappears

Parts of chromosomes are exchanged through crossing over

Homologous (paired) chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Spindle Fibers pull homologous chromosomes toward opposite ends of the cell

Fibers pull homologous chromosomes toward opposite ends of the cell

Chromosomes reach ends of cell and nuclear membrane forms

Cytokinesis 1 2 cells form

Meiosis II

Telophase II and Cytokinesis

Prophase IIMetaphase II Anaphase IITelophase I and

Cytokinesis I

Meiosis II

There are now 2 cells doing the same thing

NO INTERPHASE II—chromosomes are NOT replicated

There are 2 copies of each homolog

The copies attach together (condense)

Nuclear membrane breaks down

Duplicated chromosomes line up at the center of the cell

Attached copies of each chromosomes (chromatids) separate and pull apart

A new nuclear membrane forms in each cell

The sister chromatids move toward opposite ends of the cells and begin to split

Both cells divide, making 4 haploid cells

Quiz Corrections Due Wednesday

Worksheet # 1 and 2

Progress Reports Signed

Read Meiosis Article and answer questions on the back

Do not copy

1. B2. B3. C4. A5. A6. D7. A8. C9. Only one parent is needed

You can earn a ticket for many things◦ Completing your work◦ Following directions◦ Asking or Answers a good question

Do not ask for a ticket, not every action will get you one

If you get a ticket, write your name on the back Hold it at your seat until the END OF CLASS

At the end of class, Ms. Stoker will take out your class bag for you to put your tickets in

On Fridays names will be drawn for prizes◦ All tickets will be thrown away and will start fresh on

Monday

Lost tickets or tickets without names = too bad

Table of ContentsFeb 26th Meiosis Day 2

NotebookFeb 26th Meiosis Day 2Identify the purpose of each phase of Meiosis

Top RowProphase I Metaphase I Anaphase I

Middle RowTelophase I Prophase II Metaphase

II

Bottom RowAnaphase II Telophase II Cytokinesis II

1. Diploid = 2 copies of each chromosome, 46 Total (2N)

Haploid = 1 copy of each chromosomes, 23 total (1N)

2. Gametes are the type of cell made during Meoisis, they have 23 chromosomes each

Males produce sperm, females produce eggs/3. The number of chromosomes is reduced

from 46 to 23, or diploid to haploid4. Meiosis creates the cells needed for sexual

reproduction (gametes)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35ncSrJOwME&feature=related

1. What is the purpose of meiosis?2. What are the 2 parts of meiosis?3. A cell with 23 chromosomes is called what?4. What happens during Interphase?5. What is the longest part of meiosis?6. Chromosomes are made up of __________.7. What phase is there a tetrad?8. What would happen without a crossing over point?9. What do tetrads do in metaphase?10. What do tetrads do in Anaphase? Where do they go?11. What happens in Telophase 1?12. What type of cell is made during Cytokinesis 1?13. What kind of Chromosomes are there in Metaphase II?14. How is anaphase II different from anaphase I?15. How many cells are there at the end of Cytokinesis II?16. Are they diploid or haploid?17. Where does Meoisis happen?

4.3 Reading Study Guide (use textbook section C)

Meiosos – It’s For Sexual Reproduction

15 Min

15 Min / HW

1A – Body cells contain a full (normal) number of chromosomes, 46

1B – cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes (23)

2A. A gamete that forms in females2B. A gamete that forms in males

3A. A special kind of cell division that produces haploid cells / gametes

2. Sperm, One new cell is formed, chromosomes combine

3. End of meiosis I = 2 cells. End of meiosis II = 4 cells

4. A. Anaphase IB. Telophase I and Cytokinesis

5. Prophase II – 2 chromosome copiesMetaphase II – the cell’s centerAnaphase II – separate and are pulled to opposite

polesTelophase II, Cytokinesis – New nuclear membrane

forms, cell divides into 2 daughter cells making 4

6. DNA is not copied during the 2nd cell division is Meiosis, but it is in Mitosis.

Meiosis produces Haploid cells, mitosis produces diploid cells

Cells made by Meiosis contain only half the genetic material from a parent, while cells made in mitosis contain all the genetic material of the parent

Meiosis – its for sexual reproduction Handout

Quiz corrections due tomorrow

Put HW on desk (meiosis its for Sexual Reproduction worksheet)

Warm Up – 4.3 Section Quiz (only front side)◦ Cross out Extended Response

Read the sentence. If the statement is true, write trueIf it is false, change the underlined word or

words to make it true* Use notes and textbook starting on 117C

1. True2. True3. False – half4. True5. True6. False – Fertilization7. False – only sex cells, 8. False – not copied

Table of ContentsFeb 27 Meiosis Day 3

Notes PageFeb 27 Meiosis Day 3Cell Division Vocabulary Review

Definition: part of the cell that contains DNA and genes.

Phases: all phases of mitosis and meiosis

Definition: 2 identical copies of a chromosome connected by a centromere. X shape

Phases:Prophase I, Prophase IIMetaphase II, Telophase ICytokinesis I

Definition – Chromosome pairs2 sister chromatid2 xs

Phases – Interphase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I,

Definition - a group of four sister chromatids or 2 homologous chromosomes, formed during Prophase 1

Phases – Prophase 1, Metaphase 1

Definition - a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent

Number of Chromosomes – 46

Made during – Mitosis and sexual reproduction

Symbol – 2N

Other info – most human body cells are diploid

Definition - a cell has only one set of chromosomes, only has genetic info from 1 parent

Number of chromosomes – 23

Made during - Meiosis

Symbol – 1N

Other info – also called gametes

1. Finish HW sheet

2. Meiosis Coloring / Poster- Instead of coloring on handout, you must draw

or trace the pictures onto your own paper and then follow directions on page

- - this will be done tomorrow in class tto

Interpreting visuals handout◦ Cross out # 20

Copy the following sentences into your notebook and fill in the blanks

1. After Meiosis there are _______cells with ______________ chromosomes each, making them ____________ cells.

2. Another name for a diploid cell is a _____ cell.

3. A haploid cell can be called a ____________ or a ___________ cell.

Copy the following sentences into your notebook and fill in the blanks

1. After Meiosis there are 4 cells with 23 chromosomes each, making them HAPLOID cells.

2. Another name for a diploid cell is a 2N cell.

3. A haploid cell can be called a GAMETE or a 1N cell.

16. 2n cells have 46 chromosomes, 1N cells have 23

17. A - B show Meiosis I, B – C show Meiosis II

18. No, meiosis takes place only in cells in reproductive organs

19. Meiosis is necessary because it produces sex cells. Sex cells are needed to make new offspring

21. Only cells that are to become gametes go through meiosis. All other cells divide by mitosis. During Meiosis a cell goes through 2 cell divisions, during mitosis there is only 1 cell division. 4 daughter cells are produced by Meiosis, they contain half of the chromosomes from the parent. Mitosis makes 2 daughter cells, both have an exact copy of the parent’s chromosomes.

Table of ContentsFeb 28th Meiosis Day 4

NotesFeb 28th Meiosis Day 4 Why don’t I know this

yet?

1. READ textbook 117C – 122CWrite down and answer all “check your

reading”QuestionsWrite down and answer 1,3.4.6 on 122C

2. Poster- Label phases- Write description- Label diploid or haploid- color

1. Work on and complete Meiosis Poster started yesterday

Use textbook 121C and notes

*it must have - Phases labeled (10pts)

- Key structures identified (20pts)

- Description for each phase (20pts)

- Labeled diploid or haploid (20)

- Homologous chromosomes colored according to directions (20)

- Neat, Creative, TITLE (10)

2. What is Meiosis Handout- Will be given for HW if not

started / finished in class

1. _____________ is the type of asexual reproduction that involves an organism growing a new one off of it’s side.

2. How many cells are there at the end of Mitosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

3. How many cells are there at the end of Meiosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

1. BUDDING is the type of asexual reproduction that involves an organism growing a new one off of it’s side.

2. How many cells are there at the end of Mitosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

2 cells, they are diploid

3. How many cells are there at the end of Meiosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

There are 4 cells, they are haploid

Make sure you have a pencil We will begin preparing for Tuesday’s test

by taking a “pretest”

1. Pretest > determine what you do know and the areas you need help on

2. Study Guide Packet Due Monday for a test grade If finished you get a 100 test grade

◦You will have 20 minutes.◦You may not use notes or the book.

◦Take this as if it were a regular test.No talkingEyes on your own paperAnswer in pencil so that you can correct your mistakes

1. A starfish that looses a limb can grow it back. What type of asexual reproduction is this? __________________________

1. A starfish that looses a limb can grow it back. What type of asexual reproduction is this? __________________________

Answer: Regeneration

2. ______________ creates four haploid cells.

2. ______________ creates four haploid cells.

Answer: Meiosis

3. Asexual reproduction in most organisms involveA. Mitosis by two parentsB. Mitosis by one parentC. Binary Fission by both parentsD. Meiosis by one parent

3. Asexual reproduction in most organisms involveA. Mitosis by two parentsB. Mitosis by one parentC. Binary Fission by both parentsD. Meiosis by one parent

Answer: B. Mitosis by one parent

4. Bread yeast reproduce by developing tiny extensions or growths on their bodies. What type of asexual reproduction is this? ______________________

4. Bread yeast reproduce by developing tiny extensions or growths on their bodies. What type of asexual reproduction is this? ______________________

Answer: Budding

5. How many new cells does Mitosis create? __________

5. How many new cells does Mitosis create? __________

Answer: Two

6. How many chromosomes does a diploid cell have? ________

6. How many chromosomes does a diploid cell have? ________

Answer: 46

7. How many new cells does Meiosis create? __________

7. How many new cells does Meiosis create? __________

Answer: Four

8. ______________ creates two diploid cells.

8. ______________ creates two diploid cells.

Answer: Mitosis

9. A cell with chromosomes lined up in the middle is most likely in which stage of Mitosis? _________________

9. A cell with chromosomes lined up in the middle is most likely in which stage of Mitosis? _________________

Answer: Metaphase

10. How many chromosomes does a haploid cell have? ________

10. How many chromosomes does a haploid cell have? ________

Answer: 23

11. Which of the following is a true statement?A. Cells prepare for Mitosis in prophaseB. During Mitosis a cell divides twiceC. Mitosis produces two diploid cellsD. Meiosis produces two haploid cells.

11. Which of the following is a true statement?A. Cells prepare for Mitosis in prophaseB. During Mitosis a cell divides twiceC. Mitosis produces two diploid cellsD. Meiosis produces two haploid cells.

Answer: C

12. During meiosis, how many times does a cell divide? __________

12. During meiosis, how many times does a cell divide? __________

Answer: Two

13. During mitosis, how many times does a cell divide? ___________

13. During mitosis, how many times does a cell divide? ___________

Answer: One

14. A 2n human cell has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a male gamete have? ________

14. A 2n human cell has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a male gamete have? ________

Answer: 23

15. What are the final products of Meiosis?A. Two 1n cellsB. Two 2n cellsC. Four 1n cellsD. Four 2n cells

15. What are the final products of Meiosis?A. Two 1n cellsB. Two 2n cellsC. Four 1n cellsD. Four 2n cells

Answer: c

16. The offspring produced during asexual reproduction areA. Always larger than their parentsB. Always smaller than their parentsC. Genetically identical to their parentsD. Genetically different from their parents

16. The offspring produced during asexual reproduction areA. Always larger than their parentsB. Always smaller than their parentsC. Genetically identical to their parentsD. Genetically different from their parents

Answer: C

17. Write the stages of Mitosis in order. 1. __________________2. __________________3. __________________4. __________________

17. Write the stages of Mitosis in order. 1. Prophase2. Metaphase3. Anaphase4. Telophase

18. Write the stages of Meiosis I in order. 1. __________________2. __________________3. __________________4. __________________

18. Write the stages of Meiosis I in order. 1. Prophase I2. Metaphase I3. Anaphase I4. Telophase I

19. Write the stages of Meiosis I in order. 1. __________________2. __________________3. __________________4. __________________

19. Write the stages of Meiosis II in order. 1. Prophase II2. Metaphase II3. Anaphase II4. Telophase II

20. A diploid cell of a chimpanzee contains 48 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a haploid cell of a chimpanzee chromosome? ________________

20. A diploid cell of a chimpanzee contains 48 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a haploid cell of a chimpanzee chromosome? ________________

Answer: 24

21. Which of the following occurs in Meiosis that does NOT occur in Mitosis?A. Body cells are madeB. Cell divisionC. Gametes are madeD. Telophase

21. Which of the following occurs in Meiosis that does NOT occur in Mitosis?A. Body cells are madeB. Cell divisionC. Gametes are madeD. Telophase

Answer: C

22. Identify the stages of Mitosis A. __________B. __________C. __________D. __________

22. Identify the stages of Mitosis A. AnaphaseB. ProphaseC. MetaphaseD. Telophase

23. Write the letters of the stages in their correct order using the picture.1. ________________2. ________________3. ________________4. ________________

23. Write the letters of the stages in their correct order using the picture.1. B (Prophase)2. C (Metaphase)3. A (Anaphase)4. D (Telophase)

24. Describe what is happening in each stage.

24. Describe what is happening in each stage.

Answer: •Prophase = Nuclear membrane disappears•Metaphase = Spinal Fibers attach, chromosomes move to center of cell•Anaphase = Spindal fibers pull chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell•Telophase = nuclear membrane develops and cell divides

25. Describe what happens after the stage labeled D.

25. Describe what happens after the stage labeled D.

Answer: Cytokenisis, the cell separates

into two new identical cells.

26. Which stage of Meiosis is shown in the picture? How do you know?

26. Which stage of Meiosis is shown in the picture? How do you know?

Answer: Telophase II/ because

there are about to be 4 cells

27. Describe three forms of asexual reproduction and give an example of each. In what important way is asexual reproduction different from sexual reproduction?

27. Describe three forms of asexual reproduction and give an example of each. In what important way is asexual reproduction different from sexual reproduction?

Answer: The three forms of asexual reproduction are

budding, binary fission and regeneration. ◦ Budding happens when an organism grows a bud off

of itself. The bud eventually becomes its own organism.

◦ In binary fission, a cell splits in 2. ◦ In regeneration lost or broken body parts are

regrown.◦ Asexual reproduction involves 1 parents, while

sexual requires 2.

28. Identify where Meiosis occurs and explain why Meiosis is necessary.

28. Identify where Meiosis occurs and explain why Meiosis is necessary.

Answer: Meiosis occurs in sexual reproductive

organs. It is necessary to create egg and sperm cells.

Due Monday at the start of class

Use notes and pretest answers to complete

Websites on the back will help you study and find answers as well

• Similar to mitosis in SOME ways • Division of cells • PMAT

• DIFFERENT in MANY ways• Involves 2 cell divisions instead of

1• Results in 4 cells with ½ the

genetic information (HAPLOID cells) called GAMETES

Practice Mitosis verses Meiosis Questions about Mitosis and Meiosis

Warm Up

Put study guide and Pretest on desk to be checked – any work done before warm up is completed will not count

Complete “Questions about Mitosis and Meiosis” handout – only the front side

- NO NOTES OR TEXTBOOK!

Warm Up Answers Mitosis happens in BODY CELLS. In mitosis,

one cell divides to from 2 cells. In mitosis each new cell has exactly the same number of type of chromosomes as the original cell.

Meiosis happens in SEX Cells. In meiosis one cell divides to form 4 cells. In meiosis each new cell has ½ the number of chromosomes as the original.

2. Mitosis3. Meiosis1. Cell Division

3.Happens in body cells – MitosisHappens in sex cell – MeiosisResults in 4 new cells – MeiosisResults in 2 new cells – mitosisUsed in growth/development - Mitosis

Today’s Agenda

1. Flashcards2. Study Guide > complete if not, check

answers and correct (ask Ms. Stoker for key)

3. Extra practice & extra credit

22/24 26metaphase

FlashcardsLook at Pretest from Friday- For any pretest question you missed you

must create the corresponding flashcard - Everyone must make at least 5, if you didn’t

miss 5 make 6, 10, 21, 22, 28 - For example, if you missed #2 on the pretest,

find #2 in the column marker “pretest question missed” and create that flashcard

- Some numbers have more than 1 flashcard to make

*lost pretest = make all flashcards

*before you begin, go through pretest and mark on sheet each flashcard you must make

Warm Up

- Put study guide on desk to be collected, make sure your name is on it!

- Take out flash cards and pretestBegin studying silently

Silent Alone Studying (10 min)Partner Studying (8 min)

CFA 6 No noise (humming, talking, whispering,

tapping) No cheating – be prepared to show your arms

#2 pencil

Extra CreditTell which phase of Mitosis the following onion

cells are in. Answer on multiple choice page