copyright 2006 eurocontrol1 pbn performance based navigation - implementation challenges - presented...
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright 2006 EUROCONTROL
1
PBNPBNPPerformance erformance BBasedased
NNavigationavigation
- Implementation Challenges Implementation Challenges --
Presented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROLPresented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROLPresented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROLPresented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROL
ICAO Performance SymposiumICAO Performance SymposiumMarch 2007March 2007
Federal AviationAdministration
2Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
OverviewOverview
Safety CaseSafety Case Why neededWhy needed Application to PBNApplication to PBNData integrityData integrity Why neededWhy needed WGS 84WGS 84 SurveyingSurveying Maintaining data qualityMaintaining data quality
Safety CaseSafety Case Why neededWhy needed Application to PBNApplication to PBNData integrityData integrity Why neededWhy needed WGS 84WGS 84 SurveyingSurveying Maintaining data qualityMaintaining data quality
3Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Safety Cases - When and Why Safety Cases - When and Why
When a significantWhen a significant changechange is going to be is going to be made to and operation, service and/or made to and operation, service and/or systemsystem
To confirm that the resulting system:To confirm that the resulting system: Is safeIs safe Can Remain safe Can Remain safe andand Can be implemented safelyCan be implemented safely
When a significantWhen a significant changechange is going to be is going to be made to and operation, service and/or made to and operation, service and/or systemsystem
To confirm that the resulting system:To confirm that the resulting system: Is safeIs safe Can Remain safe Can Remain safe andand Can be implemented safelyCan be implemented safely
4Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Safety Assessment Considerations (1)Safety Assessment Considerations (1)
Aircraft PerformanceAircraft Performance Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation
specificationsspecifications Non-Normal Performance: Non-Normal Performance:
RNAV system failures, RNAV system failures, ““blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection
Are single systems allowed – what happens if it failsAre single systems allowed – what happens if it fails Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors?Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors? Identify mitigations e.g.Identify mitigations e.g.
Crew procedure and training, Crew procedure and training, Surveillance or additional separationSurveillance or additional separation..
Aircraft PerformanceAircraft Performance Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation Normal performance: Lateral accuracy - navigation
specificationsspecifications Non-Normal Performance: Non-Normal Performance:
RNAV system failures, RNAV system failures, ““blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection blunder” errors e.g. wrong route selection
Are single systems allowed – what happens if it failsAre single systems allowed – what happens if it fails Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors?Is RNP required – if not how to detect position errors? Identify mitigations e.g.Identify mitigations e.g.
Crew procedure and training, Crew procedure and training, Surveillance or additional separationSurveillance or additional separation..
5Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Safety Assessment Considerations (2)Safety Assessment Considerations (2)
Infrastructure Navigation aidsInfrastructure Navigation aids impact of failureimpact of failure
Single Navaid – eg DMESingle Navaid – eg DME Loss of GNSS over large area (eg Loss of GNSS over large area (eg
Jamming)Jamming) MitigationsMitigations
RadarRadar Increased separationIncreased separation Requirement for carriage of backupRequirement for carriage of backup
Infrastructure Navigation aidsInfrastructure Navigation aids impact of failureimpact of failure
Single Navaid – eg DMESingle Navaid – eg DME Loss of GNSS over large area (eg Loss of GNSS over large area (eg
Jamming)Jamming) MitigationsMitigations
RadarRadar Increased separationIncreased separation Requirement for carriage of backupRequirement for carriage of backup
6Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Safety Assessment Considerations (3)Safety Assessment Considerations (3)
Infrastructure – Comms, SurveillanceInfrastructure – Comms, Surveillance.. Important factor determining route spacing Important factor determining route spacing Consider Consider
CoverageCoverage Redundancy Redundancy
Effectivity Effectivity ATC Workload ATC Workload Nature of commsNature of comms
Infrastructure – Comms, SurveillanceInfrastructure – Comms, Surveillance.. Important factor determining route spacing Important factor determining route spacing Consider Consider
CoverageCoverage Redundancy Redundancy
Effectivity Effectivity ATC Workload ATC Workload Nature of commsNature of comms
7Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
OverviewOverview
Safety CaseSafety Case Why neededWhy needed Application to PBNApplication to PBNData integrityData integrity Why neededWhy needed WGS 84WGS 84 SurveyingSurveying Maintaining data qualityMaintaining data quality
Safety CaseSafety Case Why neededWhy needed Application to PBNApplication to PBNData integrityData integrity Why neededWhy needed WGS 84WGS 84 SurveyingSurveying Maintaining data qualityMaintaining data quality
8Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
The Problem Identified
ANSP(AIS)
DBProviders
AircraftOperators
If unclear or ambiguous procedure description Aircraft fly
different tracks
AIP ADB/DB
Lack of Integrity
9Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Example of Data Coding
NAV32516.3617
10Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Example of Data Coding
NAV32516.3618
11Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
An Example of a Chart Error
??
50º 31’.0.1.2.3.4.5
.0
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
12Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
OtherGovernment
Sources
RNVREQ_1097
CommunicationsServiceProvider
AerodromeAir TrafficServiceProvider
Procedure& AirspaceDesigner
AeronauticalInformation
Service
End Users
NOTAMAIP
FMSData
ApplicationsProvider
Flight PlanningData
ApplicationsProvider
EndUsers
SimulatorData
ApplicationsProvider
Navigation DataTailoring Requirements
NavigationData
Processor
Who is Involved?
13Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
BasicData
Sources
•Collect•Process•Publish•Distribute
Users
Every player must establish a Navigation Data Process in order to ensure the quality of data delivered to the users
RNVREQ_1101
Navigation Data Process
14Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Data Chain Processes and Standards
OriginationDerive and
Publisheg States’
AIPs
Application Integration
Link to target equipment in
required format
End UseLoad and Maintain
current cycle
Preparation by Data Service
Provider
ReceiveAssembleTranslate
SelectFormat
Distribute
DO-201A/ED-77
DO-200A/ED-76DO-178B/ED-12B
DO-200A/ED-76
State’s ResponsibilityState’s Responsibility
JARs
15Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Data Exchange after Publication in AIC
CMC Canada
RockwellGarmin
Smiths Honeywell
Data Packers
FMS Packed Data
Compiled Data Jeppesen - DE
EAG - UKJeppesen - US
Data Houses
Lufthansa Systems - CH
16Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007RNVREQ_1100
What is Data Quality?
Quality is ability to meet requirementsQuality is ability to meet requirements Characterised by:Characterised by:
AccuracyAccuracyResolutionResolutionAssurance LevelAssurance LevelTraceabilityTraceabilityTimelinessTimelinessCompletenessCompletenessFormatFormat
17Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Managing DataWhat is Data Integrity?
RS56869_1005
The assurance that a The assurance that a data item retrieved from data item retrieved from a storage system has a storage system has not been changed since not been changed since the original data entry or the original data entry or latest authorised latest authorised amendmentamendment
Data
Data
Exchange
Same?
18Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
ICAO Requirements
RS56869_1006
User requirements in ICAO Annex 15
Critical (10-8) Essential (10-5) Data
Routine (10-3)
19Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007RNVREQ_1104
Some Specific Requirements
Data Configuration Management Data Configuration Management – know data – know data origin and what has happened to it during its lifeorigin and what has happened to it during its life
Software Tools Qualification – Software Tools Qualification – Tools validated to Tools validated to ensure they do what they should doensure they do what they should do
Quality Management – Quality Management – well defined procedures well defined procedures capable of ensuring qualitycapable of ensuring quality
Compliance – Compliance – do what the quality procedures requiredo what the quality procedures require
Audit – Audit – demonstrate that they have been useddemonstrate that they have been used
20Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007RNVREQ_1105
Issues to be Addressed
Survey – does it meet accuracy and Survey – does it meet accuracy and integrity requirementsintegrity requirements
Is there means to guarantee that data not Is there means to guarantee that data not corrupted corrupted
RNAV coding – has the data house RNAV coding – has the data house correctly interpreted the design? correctly interpreted the design?
Traceability – can you validate to confirm Traceability – can you validate to confirm whether process workingwhether process working
21Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
WGS 84 WGS 84 Global Geodetic System Global Geodetic System
Only accurate to 1-2 MetresOnly accurate to 1-2 Metres
International Terrestrial Reference System International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS)(ITRS)Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over
5,000 km5,000 kmMaintained by the International Earth Maintained by the International Earth
Rotation Service Rotation Service Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.ITRF – globally distributed network with ITRF – globally distributed network with
defined epoch (date), position and velocitydefined epoch (date), position and velocity
Global Geodetic System Global Geodetic System Only accurate to 1-2 MetresOnly accurate to 1-2 Metres
International Terrestrial Reference System International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS)(ITRS)Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over Precise geodetic system : 1-3 cm over
5,000 km5,000 kmMaintained by the International Earth Maintained by the International Earth
Rotation Service Rotation Service Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.Addresses Plate Tectonic movements.ITRF – globally distributed network with ITRF – globally distributed network with
defined epoch (date), position and velocitydefined epoch (date), position and velocity
22Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
How to survey How to survey
GPS Observation Techniques Connection to the geodetic reference frameStations with defined ITRF coordinatesControl Stations
clear line of sight away ensure no interferenceRedundancy of data collection to allow
validationHardware selection – e.g. impact of
mixed receiver network – antenna phase centre differences etc.
Survey Marking
GPS Observation Techniques Connection to the geodetic reference frameStations with defined ITRF coordinatesControl Stations
clear line of sight away ensure no interferenceRedundancy of data collection to allow
validationHardware selection – e.g. impact of
mixed receiver network – antenna phase centre differences etc.
Survey Marking
23Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
SurveysSurveys
20
What to Survey
Survey
Survey
20
24Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
SurveysSurveysHow to mark How to mark
(Monumentation(Monumentation))How to mark How to mark
(Monumentation(Monumentation))
Steel or Alloy tube
Optional concrete collar
Fine mark cross
Ground surface
Length to be agreed according to ground conditions.The illustration is diagrammatic only and is not intended to refer to any particular proprietary type.
SV coverBevelled top withcentre punchnail at top
Concrete500x500 mmon plan
Compressiblefiller 25 mmthick minimum
20 mm diameterstainless steelrod 600 mm. long.
trial pitback filledwith concrete
10 mm. diameter stainless steelrod 100 mm. long fitted throughpre-drilled hole in 20 mm. dia (vertical) rod.
25Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Data Origination Data Origination
EUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialEUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialIntegrity of Aeronautical InformationIntegrity of Aeronautical Information
- - Aeronautical Data OriginationAeronautical Data OriginationAFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404AFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404
Survey and procedure Design RequirementsSurvey and procedure Design Requirements
FAA Guidance MaterialFAA Guidance Material FAA Specification 405 FAA Specification 405 Standards for Standards for
Aeronautical Surveys and Related ProductsAeronautical Surveys and Related Products FAA Order 8260.19 FAA Order 8260.19 Flight Procedures and Flight Procedures and
AirspaceAirspace
EUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialEUROCONTROL Guidance MaterialIntegrity of Aeronautical InformationIntegrity of Aeronautical Information
- - Aeronautical Data OriginationAeronautical Data OriginationAFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404AFN/NAV/DAT/ORG/DOC001-150404
Survey and procedure Design RequirementsSurvey and procedure Design Requirements
FAA Guidance MaterialFAA Guidance Material FAA Specification 405 FAA Specification 405 Standards for Standards for
Aeronautical Surveys and Related ProductsAeronautical Surveys and Related Products FAA Order 8260.19 FAA Order 8260.19 Flight Procedures and Flight Procedures and
AirspaceAirspace
26Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007
Requirements AddressedRequirements Addressed
Survey –WGS84Survey –WGS84 Training for designers Training for designers Software Tool Qualification Software Tool Qualification Data managementData management Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance Verification of Procedure DesignsVerification of Procedure Designs PublicationPublication Validation testsValidation tests
Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions for appropriate aircraft typesfor appropriate aircraft types
Navigation aid coverageNavigation aid coverage
Survey –WGS84Survey –WGS84 Training for designers Training for designers Software Tool Qualification Software Tool Qualification Data managementData management Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance Verification of Procedure DesignsVerification of Procedure Designs PublicationPublication Validation testsValidation tests
Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions Flyabilty – under range of wind conditions for appropriate aircraft typesfor appropriate aircraft types
Navigation aid coverageNavigation aid coverage
27Federal AviationAdministration ICAO PERFORMANCE SYMPOSIUM
Montréal, March 2007