copyright © 2006 pearson addison-wesley. all rights reserved. chapter 9 agricultural transformation...
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Copyright © 2006 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
Chapter 9
Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development
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The Imperative of Agricultural Progress and Rural Development
The heavy emphasis in the past on rapid industrialization may have been misplaced
Agricultural development is now seen as an important part of any development strategy
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Agricultural Stagnation and Growth Since 1950
Although agriculture employs the majority of the LDC labor force, it accounts for a much lower share of total output
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Table 9.1
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Agricultural Stagnation and Growth Since 1950
Although agriculture employs the majority of the LDC labor force, it accounts for a much lower share of total output
Trends in per capita food and agricultural production, 1950–1994
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Figure 9.1
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The Structure of Third World Agrarian Systems
Two kinds of world agriculture
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Table 9.2
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The Structure of Third World Agrarian Systems
Two kinds of world agriculture Peasant agriculture in Latin America, Asia,
and Africa– Latin America and Asia: similarities and
differences– The Latifundio–Minifundio pattern (see Table
9.4)
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Table 9.3
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Figure 9.2
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The Structure of Third World Agrarian Systems
Two kinds of world agriculture Peasant agriculture in Latin America, Asia, and
Africa– Latin America and Asia: similarities and differences– The Latifundio–Minifundio pattern
(see Table 9.4)– Fragmentation and subdivision of peasant land in Asia– Africa: extensive cultivation patterns
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Table 9.4
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The Important Role of Women
Women provide 60% to 80% of agricultural labor in Africa and Asia, and 40% in Latin America
Women work longer hours than men Government assistance programs tend to
reach men, not women
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The Economics of Agricultural Development: Transition From Peasant to Commercial Farming
Subsistence farming: risk aversion, uncertainty, and survival
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Figure 9.3
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Figure 9.4
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Figure 9.5
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The Economics of Agricultural Development: Transition From Peasant to Commercial Farming
Subsistence farming: risk aversion, uncertainty, and survival
The transition to mixed and diversified farming
From divergence to specialization: modern commercial farming
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Toward a Strategy of Agricultural and Rural Development
Improving small-scale agriculture Conditions for rural development
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Concepts for Review
Agrarian systems Cash crops Diversified farming Family farm Green revolution Integrated rural
development
Interlocking factor markets
Landlord Land reform Latifundio Medium-sized farms Minifundio Mixed farming
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Concepts for Review (cont’d)
Moneylender Patrón Per capita agricultural
production Per capita food
production Price bands Productivity gap
Scale-neutral Sharecropper Shifting cultivation Specialized farming Staple foods Subsistence farming Tenant farmer Transactions costs