copyright © 2008 delmar. all rights reserved. chapter 2 core functions of public health nursing

Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2

Core Functions of Public Health Nursing


2

Public Health

• Institute of Medicine (IOM) Report– The Future of Public Health– Committee recommendations

• Mission of public health• Government role• Responsibilities of government• Elements required to implement the above


3

Ecological Model of Health

• Ecological model of health involves various domains– Physical– Biological– Socioenvironmental– Behavioral


4

Core Functions of Public Health

• Assessment– Collect and analyze unbiased information on

the community

• Policy development– Support health promotion and protection

• Assurance– Enforce laws that support health and safety


5

Federal Health Obligations

• Support dissemination of data

• Establish national health objectives

• Provide state assistance

• Allocation of funds to states

• Ensure services are in the public interest


6

IOM State Level Recommendations

• State level core responsibilities– Assessment based on statewide data– Adequate base for health activities– Statewide health objectives– Provision of necessary services– Guarantee of essential services– Support of local services through subsidies


7

IOM Local Level Recommendations

• Five types of local public health agencies (LPHA)

1. County based

2. Town/township

3. City/municipal

4. Multi/county/district/regional

5. City-county


8

Recommendations

• Role of local public health agency recommendations– Assessment of local health problems– Policy development– High quality services accessible by all


9

Recommendations

• Health services pyramid– Population-based public health services– Primary health care– Secondary health care– Tertiary health care


10

Public Health in America Functions Steering Committee

• Essential Service Document (1994)– Blueprint for local, state, national health goals– Mission is to promote physical/mental health,

prevent disease, injury and disability– Envisions linkage of public health systems to

meet goals


11

CDC Model of Public Health System

• Social connections that form a community web


12

CDC Model of Public Health System

• System includes private, public, and voluntary

• Community collaboration to ensure public health


13

Turning Point Initiative

• Funded by Robert Wood Johnson and Kellogg Foundations

• Offers funding and assistance to promote system change by promoting partnerships

• Based on idea that everyone has a stake in public health


14

Turning Point Initiative

• Network of 23 public health partners

• Brought health conscious people and organizations together

• State Turning Point partners

• Formed five national excellence collaboratives


15

Other Collaborative Efforts

• Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR)– Replace community mistrust and include

organizations and populations as partners– Resource sharing and develop incentives– Increase partner knowledge of CBPR process


16

Other Collaborative Efforts

• Healthy Cities Model for Health Promotion


17

Eight Domains of Core Competencies

1. Analysis and assessment

2. Policy development and program planning

3. Communication

4. Cultural competency

5. Community dimensions of practice

6. Basic public health sciences

7. Financial planning and management

8. Leadership and systems thinking


18

Public Health Nursing Competencies

• Quad Council determined how public health nursing would apply the core competencies


19

Public Health Nursing Competencies

• Public health nurse practice standard is integrated with:– Definition of public health nursing – Scope and standards – Core competencies of public health


20

Levels of Competency

• Generalist– Entry level Baccalaureate prepared nurse

• Awareness• Knowledge• Proficiency

– Specialist• Masters prepared nurse


21

Levels of Competency

• Tenets of public health nursing– Based on population focused public health

nursing practice (See box 2-7)

• Minnesota wheel– Public Health Interventions

• Cornerstones of public health nursing practice (See box 2-8)


22

Policy Development

• Incorporates public health services– Directs day-to-day activities

• Advocates

– Educates people about health issues


23

Policy Development

• To promote health and protection the nurse must:– Mobilize community partnerships– Develop policies that support, promote, and

protect health


24

Assurance

• Involves four essential public health services– Enforcement of laws and regulations – Immunizations– Assurance of competent public health

workers– Evaluates


25

Evaluation and Partnership

• National Public Health Performance Standards Program – Promotes and evaluates public health system

quality at state and local level– Uses specific state and local instruments to

assess performance


26

Challenges

• Advancement of public health• Progress in the infrastructure

– Information/communication– Capacity

• Workforce capacity• Activities to reduce nursing shortage

(See box 2-11)

– Organizational/systems capacity

copyright © 2008 delmar. all rights reserved. chapter 2 core functions of public health nursing

Documents

public health slide

public health partners

physicalmental health

national health objectives

health conscious people

national health goals

safety slide

community web slide