Cornell Notes:Red: Title on left sideYellow: Important info (must write)

Mexican Army Arrives in TexasTension continues to developGeneral Cos arrives in Texas and brings the

total number of Mexican troops to 650. Rumors spread through out TX that Cos is

going to arrest all the disloyal leaders and march them back to Mexico in chains

Committees of Correspondence: groups formed to share political and military information

The Battle of GonzalesThe first battle of the TX Rev. Called Lexington of TexasLexington was the first battle of the American

Revolution, which is how Battle of Gonzales got the nickname.

Colonel Ugartechea, Mexican commander of San Antonio vs. People of Gonzales

The Battle of GonzalesUgartechea ordered people to surrender their

small cannon.The Texans refuse and send out people to gather

men to fightThe people buried the cannon in a peach orchardWhen more people arrived they dug up the

cannon and hung a white flag made from a wedding dress that said “COME AND TAKE IT”

The battle was short and the Mexican army retreated. (TX won)

The Battle of Gonzales

On to San AntonioOct 9 Texan’s forces took control of the garrison

at Goliad.The battles of Gonzales and Goliad convinced

many Texan’s that the Mexican Army could be defeated easily.

The only Mexican Army left in Texas was in San Antonio “ON TO SAN ANTONIO”

Army of the People: TX volunteers commanded by SFA marched to SA

B/C TX does not have any cannons they set up camp and lay siege around SA hoping that Cos will give up

The ConsultationAs the war gets started delegates from all

around TX meet to decide what type of gov’t they need.

58 delegates attend. They are divided in to 2 parties

War Party: oppose Santa Anna; wants an immediate declaration of independence from Mexico; wants Texas to be separate nation

Peace Party: also oppose Santa Anna; wants Texas to be separate Mexican state under the Constitution of 1824

Declaration of the PeopleThe consultation voted NOT to declare

independence from Mexico. They adopt a statement know as the

“Declaration of the People”The statement:

Pledge support for the Mexican Constitution of 1824

The only reason the TX were fighting was to oppose the rule of Santa Anna and defend themselves

The Provisional GovernmentProvisional Government: temporary

governmentThe government was made up of a governor,

lieutenant governor and a general council with one representative from each, district or municipalities

Governor: Henry SmithCreated a Regular Army, full-time army.Sam Houston: leader of the regular army, not

given control of the volunteers.

The Grass FightScout Erastus “Deaf” Smith reported that a

mule train of Mexican Calvary was headed to San Antonio.

The TX believed that they mules carried silver to pay Cos’s army

TX attacked the “silver train” and discovered that the mules were just carrying grass to feed Mexican Horses

The Battle of San AntonioAfter learning that Cos’s army was weak and

unable to win another battle Ben Milam march the TX volunteers toward San Antonio.

He knew a victory would encourage the Texas's to keep fighting

The fight in San Antonio lasted 4 days. The Mexicans were driven in to the Alamo.

December 9 Cos asked for terms of surrender. The capture of San Antonio was important b/c

TX cleared Mexican Troops from TX soil.

Tejanos and African AmericansTejanos African AmericansMost stayed neutral.Those who did serve

were under the command of Juan Seguin.

Seguin was born in San Antonio and was against Santa Anna’s violations of the Constitution of 1824

Very few fought for the TX cause:

Slavery was legal in TXMost African Americans

were not willing to fight to be in a slave owning “country”

Santa Anna Arrives in TXIn Dec 1835 TX declares a new conventions

for March 1836In Jan 1836 Santa Anna marches toward TX

with a huge army. February 23, 1836 Santa Anna arrived in San

AntonioThe TX still in San Antonio began to move in

to the Alamo and are trying to make it stronger; they vow to defend it

The Convention of 1836March 1, 1836 the delegates meet at

Washington-on-the-Brazos.Richard Ellis was elected Chairman George C. Childress was appointed to write a

declaration of independence. The declaration was modeled after the US D

of I(a list of grievances against Santa Anna)

March 2, 1836 the delegates approved the D of I for Texas.

The Texas ConstitutionAfter adopting the D of I the delegates began

to write a Constitution for TX.They created a Constitution that was similar

to the US Constitution … they both included:1. 3 branches of government (executive,

legislative, and judicial)2. Bill of Rights (guaranteed basic freedoms

speech, religion, press and trial by jury)3. Husband and wives jointly own propertySlavery was made legal in Texas

The Ad Interim Gov’tB/c Mexican troops were in TX there was no

way to hold elections in TX. So the convention selected official for the govt.

They created an Ad Interim govt and named David G. Burnet ad interim President and Lorenzo de Zavala as ad interim Vice-President

Sam Houston was made commander of BOTH the regular and volunteer armies (in the provisional government he just had control of regular army)

The Battle of the AlamoAs Santa Anna and his men move towards

San Antonio the TX are not preparedThere are not enough troopsNot enough suppliesWalls around the Alamo are incomplete.

Travis writes a letter to delegates appealing for help (more supplies and troops); signs it ‘Victory or Death”. Unfortunately, no support arrives.

Santa Anna has his men raise the RED Flag, which mean he will not take prisoners (all will be killed)

Travis asks his men who wants to leave and all but 1 stayed to fight and die.

March 6 at 5:00 am the battle begins. The TX were hugely outnumbered and outgunned

By 8:00 am it was all overSanta Anna and the Mexican Army won. The battle cost Mexico a great many professional

soldiers; nearly ¼ of his army was killedTexans were inspired to “REMEMBER THE

ALAMO”

Remember the Alamo!!!

Goliad: A Cruel NecessityWhile Santa Anna was getting ready to attack the

Alamo, General Jose Urrea was moving his forces towards Goliad and TX Colonel James Fannin.

Fannin was unable to make a decision and stick with it.

He at first was going to help at the Alamo, then he decided to stay back. General Houston orders Fannin to retreat, but Fannin delays his actions.

When he finally followed Houston’s orders to leave Goliad, his troops were very slow.

Fannin and his men are trapped with out cover and with very few guns or supplies

March 19 Fannin’s troops were surrounded by Urrea’s men. The Battle of Coleto Creek occurs.

Outnumbered 3 to 1, Fannin asked for terms of surrender from Urrea.

Fannin agrees to surrender, thinking that he and his men will be treated fairly and released after marching back to Goliad. But Santa Anna had other plans.

On March 27, Fannin and 350 Texans are marched out to the prairie and executed.

This event becomes known as a “Cruel Necessity” by Santa Anna; inspires Texans to “Remember Goliad!”

Goliad Masacre

Houston’s ArmyWhen Houston arrived at Gonzales he found

more volunteers for the army wanting to fight.After 2 days in Gonzales he learned that the

Alamo had fallen to Santa AnnaAs the Mexican army advanced towards

Houston, he ordered his men to retreat.Houston keeps retreating with his army b/c he

knows they are untrained and can’t win a battle w/out more training

Houston is waiting for Fannin and his men to help him while he (Houston) is retreating.

On March 25, Houston finds out about the massacre at Goliad

Houston then moves his army to “Groce’s Plantation” to finish training.

The Runaway ScrapeThree Events that began the Runaway Scrape

1. Houston's continued retreating2. The news of the Alamo Disaster and Goliad

Massacre3. Constant fear that the Mexican army would

harm them.These events cause hundreds of families to

gather their belonging and run toward the Sabine River. They were looking for the safety of the US

Battle of San JacintoApril 20, 1836, Texas troops camp on the

banks of Buffalo Bayou, with their backs to the San Jacinto River

Santa Anna is waiting for General Cos’ troops to arrive

They arrive in the middle of the nightThe next day Santa Anna lets Cos and his

men rest While Santa Anna and Cos’ men are resting

Houston and the TX army Attack

Houston’s army attacks the Mexican ArmyThe Mexican resistance lasted 18 minutesThen it was all over.TX WON and defeated Santa Anna and Cos

Victory for TexasMany Mexican soldiers ran away through the

swamps.General Santa Anna was found in the tall

grass dressed as a common soldierThe capture of Santa Anna ends the Texas

RevolutionTEXAS WINS

The Treaty of VelascoThe treaty of Velasco ends the Texas

RevolutionThere are 2 Treaties of Velasco, One Public

and the other kept secret.Public Treaty:

Santa Anna would not fight again in TexasMexican forces out of TX ASAPPrisoner exchangeMexican return all property they took during the

war

Private Treaty:Said all of the same as the public treatyAgreed to let Santa Anna freely return to

MexicoSanta Anna agreed to work to help get Texas

recognized as an independent country (in other words, Texas wanted to be recognized by USA, France, Great Britain, and more as a new nation).

Texas Revolution: The OutcomeBy defeating Gen Santa Anna, Texas becomes

a new country, “The Lone Star Republic of Texas”.

Sam Houston becomes the first President of Texas.

Mirabeau B. Lamar becomes the first Vice-President of Texas.

The Battle of San Jacinto is the most decisive battle in history because it is such a complete and total destruction of the Mexican army and president.