cornwall minerals safeguarding development plan document · cornwall minerals safeguarding dpd...

Cornwall Minerals Safeguarding Development Plan Document

2Cornwall Minerals Safeguarding DPD Modifications Consultation March 2018

Images courtesy of Imerys and Cornwall Council.

How to comment on this document

The DPD is currently being examined by an independent Inspector and has been subject to a hearing. Following the hearing this modifications consultation is seeking views on the proposed changes to the mineral safeguarding policy and areas.

The consultation starts at 9am 20th April 2018 and closes at 5pm on 1st June 2018. Only comments made during this period have a statutory right to be considered by the Inspector.

The Modifications are set out in a Schedule, however, for ease; the changes are also set out in this document, as either strikethrough for deletions and underlining for additions of text. The changes resulting from discussions at the hearing are shown as red text.

The Modifications consultation, together with copies of all the supporting documents can be viewed:

Online at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpdAt Cornwall Council’s Main Offices

Responses to this consultation should be submitted using the online response form, available from www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd. Completed forms should be returned by email or post using the details on the form.

Cornwall Minerals Safeguarding DPD Modifications Consultation March 2018

Contents

Introduction ........................................................................................... 4Sustainability Appraisal ............................................................................ 4Habitats Regulations Assessment .............................................................. 4Supporting Evidence ................................................................................ 5Policy Context .........................................................................................5National Planning Policy Framework ...........................................................5Cornwall Local Plan ..................................................................................5Spatial Context ....................................................................................... 7Minerals in Cornwall ................................................................................ 7

Aggregates .......................................................................................... 9Building Stone .................................................................................... 10China Clay ......................................................................................... 12Metals ............................................................................................... 13

Mineral Infrastructure in Cornwall ............................................................ 15Development Plan Document Vision and Objectives ................................... 16Mineral Safeguarding ............................................................................. 16Safeguarding Policy ............................................................................... 19Policy Map ............................................................................................ 21Appendix 1 ........................................................................................... 22Mineral and Infrastructure Safeguarding Areas .......................................... 22

Inset Maps ........................................................................................ 27Appendix 2 ..........................................................................................Exemptions .........................................................................................Appendix 23 ........................................................................................Monitoring Framework ..........................................................................Glossary..............................................................................................

List of FiguresFigure 1 Cornwall Local Plan - How it All Fits Together ................................. 6Figure 2 Geology and Mineral Resources .................................................... 8

List of TablesTable 1 Mineral resources and associated buffer zones ............................... 17Table 2 Mineral and Infrastructure Safeguarding Areas .............................. 22Table 3 Monitoring Framework .......................................................... ....

3


Introduction1. Minerals are essential for economic development, our quality of life and the

development of sustainable communities. Cornwall has a wealth of mineral resources which have been exploited throughout the centuries. Mining and quarrying have shaped Cornwall’s landscape, natural environment, economy, settlement pattern and transport routes. Minerals remain an important natural resource for the Cornish economy and need to be managed carefully and used efficiently.

2. Minerals can only be worked where they occur, so if development such ashousing takes place above or close to a mineral resource it is likely tosterilise that mineral resource. Safeguarding of mineral resources andinfrastructure is important to ensure that minerals are available for futuregenerations.

3. The purpose of the Minerals Safeguarding Development Plan Document(DPD) is to set out those areas of mineral resources and infrastructure thatare to be safeguarded. Safeguarding does not attempt to predict how muchmineral resources will be needed over the plan period; instead it focuses onthe viable mineral resources, taking into account evidence of them being aproven resource. It is important to note that there is no presumption infavour of minerals development within a Mineral Safeguarding Area, equallynor is there a veto on other forms of development within these areas.there is no presumption that non-mineral development within a Mineral Safeguarding Area is automatically precluded. Cornwall Council does not rule out the possibility of safeguarding further sites in the future if clear evidence of substantial resources capable of being worked are identified.

4. The Minerals Safeguarding DPD supports the delivery of policies in theCornwall Local Plan. It is essential that the Local Plan and accompanyingdevelopment plan documents are read as a whole, all policies will beconsidered together in decision making. Further information on the role ofthe Minerals Safeguarding DPD is set out in ‘Policy Context’ below.

Sustainability Appraisal5. The Modifications submission report is accompanied by a Sustainability

Appraisal (SA) Report, available at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd and sets out the conclusions from the assessment of the policy within this document.

6. The SA concluded that there was unlikely to be any negative effects on thesustainability appraisal objectives. Positive effects could potentially impactupon minerals and geodiversity objectives, historic environment and designobjectives as well as transport objectives.

Habitats Regulations Assessment7. A Habitats Regulations Assessment Screening Report accompanies the

Modifications proposed submission report; it is available at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd and sets out the results of the HRA screening process for the Minerals Safeguarding DPD.

4


8. The HRA concludes that the policy within this DPD could be screened out,as it is unlikely to have any effect on Natura 2000 sites.

Supporting Evidence9. The Minerals Safeguarding DPD is also accompanied by a range of technical

evidence reports including:

Mineral resource and infrastructure assessmentMineral safeguarding site profilesAggregatesBuilding stoneThe Building Stones of Cornwall – the identification of heritage quarriesChina clayMetalsInfrastructureMinerals Cross-Boundary ReportStrategic Flood Risk Assessment

Policy ContextNational Planning Policy Framework

10. The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) states that local planningauthorities should adopt appropriate policies in order that known locations of specific mineral resources of local and national importance are not needlessly sterilised by non-mineral development.

11. The Framework also goes on to say that existing, planned and potential railheads, rail links, wharfage and associated storage, handling and processingfacilities for the transport of minerals should be safeguarded. As well asexisting, planned and potential sites for concrete batching and othermaterials and the handling, processing and distribution of recycled andsecondary aggregates.

12. The Planning Practice Guide emphasises the need for mineral safeguardingareas to use the best available information on the location of all mineralresources in the area. It also states that clear development managementpolicies should be adopted to set out how proposals for non-mineralsdevelopment in the mineral safeguarding areas will be handled. Policiesshould also be included which indicate what action applicants should take toaddress the risk of losing the ability to extract the resource, this couldinclude prior extraction.

Cornwall Local Plan13. The Minerals Safeguarding DPD supports the delivery of policies in the

adopted Cornwall Local Plan. Figure 1 Cornwall Local Plan - How it All Fits Together sets out the role of the DPD within the Local Plan for Cornwall. The Local Plan contains policies on many different issues such as housing, transport, environment, historic environment and flooding. It is essential

5


that the Local Plan and accompanying development plan documents are read as a whole, all policies will be considered together in decision making.

14. The Local Plan is available at https://www.cornwall.gov.uk/localplancornwall

Figure 1 Cornwall Local Plan - How it All Fits Together

15. The Cornwall Local Plan Strategic Policies contains two specific mineralspolicies; policy 17 sets out the general principles of minerals developmentto enable a sustainable minerals industry.

16. Policy 18 sets out the strategic principles for safeguarding mineralresources and infrastructure, and is reproduced below for information.

Policy 18: Minerals safeguarding 1. Important mineral resources and reserves and existing, planned and

potential bulk transport, storage, handling and processing facilities and sites shall be safeguarded from sterilisation by other forms of incompatible development.

2. Mineral Safeguarding Areas will be identified for the following mineralsresources and reserves;

aggregates (both primary and secondary),china clay,building and ornamental stone (including roofing and heritage

6


materials) and metals (including relevant shafts and adits),

3. Mineral Safeguarding Areas will be identified for the following existing,planned and potential mineral infrastructure;

key concrete batching and other products and roadstonecoating,storage, handling, processing and distribution of minerals,the bulk transport of minerals by rail, sea (ports) or haul roads.

The Cornwall Minerals Safeguarding Development Plan will develop detailed policy and identify sites for safeguarding minerals, mineral resources and associated facilities for transport, storage, handling and processing for onward transport by rail or sea. Key sites used for the batching / manufacture of concrete products and coated materials will also be identified for safeguarding as well as sites for processing and the distribution of substitute recycled and secondary aggregate materials. Policy will also be developed to encourage prior extraction where appropriate.

Spatial ContextMinerals in Cornwall

17. The geology of Cornwall is very varied, with both igneous (e.g. granite,elvan, dolerite) and altered sedimentary rocks (shale/slate and sandstone-locally known as killas) combined with extrusive volcanic rocks (basalt). All apart from the granite have been metamorphosed (changed by heat and pressure) to a greater or lesser extent. At the Lizard there are a collection of rocks unusual to the British Isles caused by an ancient ocean floor having been obducted (thrust up) to the surface.

18. Cornwall has a wealth of mineral resources which have been exploitedthroughout the centuries. Some of these minerals are of local importancefor construction purposes and others, such as china clay, are ofinternational significance.

19. Figure 2 Geology and Mineral Resources shows the geology of Cornwallalong with the proposed Mineral Safeguarding Areas.

7

Cor

nwal

l Min

eral

s Saf

egua

rdin

g D

PD

Mod

ifica

tions

Con

sultat

ion

Mar

ch 2

018

Fig

ure

2 G

eolo

gy

and

Min

eral

Res

ou

rces

8


20. The following mineral sectors are or have been exploited in Cornwall.

Aggregates21. Igneous rock and sandstone are worked for primary aggregate in Cornwall.

China clay by-products and other mineral by-products are used assecondary aggregates.

22. The types of granite worked for aggregate vary considerably in their textureand appearance, but most are coarse-grained biotite/muscovite granites,with some prominent large potassium feldspar crystals. Fine-grainedgranites are less common. There is considerable variation in the strength ofrocks from one site to another. The technical properties of basic igneousrocks also vary and therefore so do their suitability for use as an aggregate.

23. Variations in the sandstones have a bearing on the physical properties andtherefore their aggregate potential. Despite apparently an extensiveresource, relatively little sandstone is produced in Cornwall, perhapsreflecting the high cost of working the resource. Some high specificationsandstones occur in the late Carboniferous Culm Measures of northCornwall, which have shown considerable resistance to polishing and wear.

24. There are very limited resources of sand and gravel from natural primarydeposits. Production ceased in 2009 when the only permitted primary sandand gravel site closed; the site has subsequently been restored. Smalloutcrops of Tertiary and Quaternary sediments (on the Lizard and aroundSt Agnes Head) have been worked in the past. Beach and dune sands havealso been worked in the past, mainly as an alkaline soil conditioner. Thismaterial is not suitable for use as building sand.

25. An important secondary source of sand and gravel is from the production ofchina clay, which includes rock waste, sand, overburden and micaceousresidues. The material produced can be used for a range of purposesincluding block making, concreting sand or bulk fill and is frequentlyregarded as an equivalent material to quarried primary aggregate. There ispotential for greater exploitation of the estimated 230 million tonnes ofuseable secondary aggregate resource in the St Austell China Clay area(embedded in china clay waste tips). Other mineral extraction alsoproduces by-products which can be used as secondary aggregate; inparticular slate is sold for use as construction fill and sub-base material.

26. In Cornwall, the primary crushed rock aggregates landbank is between 133and 140 years depending upon the average annual production used tocalculate the landbank. This greatly exceeds the national policy requirementfor a crushed rock landbank of at least 10 years to be maintained. Nationalpolicy requires a landbank of at least seven years to be maintained for sandand gravel, however, it is acknowledged that Cornwall does not have anyprimary sand and gravel resources. Devon and Somerset County Councilswork closely with Cornwall to jointly monitor sand and gravel resourcesacross the three counties. A co-operative approach between these countiesis underpinned by the 2014 Memorandum of Understanding on “Steady andAdequate Supply of Sand and Gravel” (initiated by Somerset County

9


Council and signed by Cornwall Council, Devon County Council, Dorset County Council, Exmoor National Park Authority, Gloucestershire County Council and Wiltshire County Council) and the 2015 “Sand and Gravel in Cornwall, Devon and Somerset” Memorandum of Understanding (initiated by Devon County Council and signed by Cornwall Council and Somerset County Council).

27. Further information on aggregates in Cornwall is contained in the LocalAggregate Assessment that Cornwall Council produces on an annual basiswww.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd.

Building Stone28. Cornwall is underlain by a variety of rocks including slate and granite,

which contribute to the special character of the county’s landscape andcoastal scenery. The geological diversity of Cornwall has meant that thevariety of the rock types used is probably unmatched anywhere else in theworld. The production and usage of stone peaked in the late 19th Centuryand finally fell into serious decline in the 1960s. This decline could beattributed to changes in construction methods and imports.

29. However, greater emphasis is now being placed on the restoration andconservation of older buildings using sympathetic materials such as locallysourced stone. Recognising this situation, Cornwall Council commissioned astudy on the building stones of Cornwall and potential sources of suchstones. The study concluded that there are a number of quarriesthroughout Cornwall that have been used in the past and should besafeguarded for future heritage use. These sites have been called ‘HeritageQuarries’ and are defined as quarries which have previously suppliedbuilding stone and slate for important buildings and structures and whichare protected as major long term assets to buildings conservation.Designated ‘Heritage Quarries’ contain rock of unique petrology,appearance and/or physical properties. Those sites considered suitable forheritage stone either do not have planning permission or are classed as‘Dormant’ under the Environment Act 1995; therefore they cannot re-openwithout approval from the local planning authority. The study also identifieda number of quarries that currently have extant planning permission and itis the intention to safeguard these quarries as ‘Heritage Quarries’ onceplanning permission expires. These sites are identified with an ‘H’. Thestudy is available as evidence to support this Mineral Safeguarding DPD,available online at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd.

30. Granite is the most extensive igneous rock in Cornwall and occurs in fourlarge intrusions or ‘plutons’ at Land’s End, Carnmenellis, St Austell andBodmin Moor. Typically the granite areas form the higher ground ofCornwall. The granites also give rise to the dramatic coastal cliffs, notablyLand’s End.

31. There is considerable variation in the appearance of granite from onelocation to another, from fine-grained types to coarse-grained granites withindividual large feldspar crystals.

10


32. Other types of granite occur in dykes or veins of fine-grained rock whichare mainly pale grey or cream colour. These are known as ‘elvans’ andhave been used in the past as building material.

33. Granites have provided an attractive source of dimension stone and theirhistorical importance as a building material is reflected by the largenumbers of disused quarries. In the 19th and 20th Centuries granite was indemand for construction and export. Cornish building stone has been usedfor prestigious projects such as Tower Bridge in London.

34. Basic igneous rocks such as basalt, dolerite, gabbro and picrite occurwithin the Devonian and Lower Carboniferous slate and sandstone. Theseare known collectively as greenstones and they tend to be harder than theirslate hosts so they form landscape features such as Nare Head and ClickerTor (near Menheniot).

35. Many gabbro outcrops occur on the Lizard and there are many disusedquarries showing the widespread use of the stone for building materials.

36. Serpentine occurs on the Lizard peninsula and on a very restricted scale inEast Cornwall. It is highly coloured and soft and is used for ornamentalpurposes. However, it has been used in the past as a building material andthere are examples of its use across the Lizard. In the east of Cornwallpolyphant stone (serpentinised picrite) has been worked as an ornamentalstone. Although currently only very small quantities are produced.

37. Sandstones comprise alternating folded beds of shale and hard sandstone,as occur in late Carboniferous Crackington Formation and the late DevonianPortscatho Formation. Sandstones vary in thickness, lateral persistence,grain size and strength. Despite extensive resources, limited amounts ofsandstone are produced in Cornwall, perhaps reflecting the cost of workingthe resource. A few small quarries extract sandstone for building materialsalongside their main aggregate extraction.

38. Slates underlie much of Cornwall and are commonly interbedded withcoarser-grained siltstone and sandstone. They are also known by the oldminers’ term as ‘killas’ in some areas.

39. The slates in Cornwall are variable in nature and colour ranging from darkto light grey with green and red hues. Brown iron oxide staining iscommon, these are rustic slates. Slates which can be split are used forroofing but their occurrence is more restricted. Cornwall is an importantsource of roofing slate, including Delabole slate noted for its distinctivesilvery grey colour. Elsewhere operations are small-scale mainly producingrustic slate, commonly used for paving, cladding, walling and fireplaces.

40. In terms of future supply of building stone, encouragement of localdistinctiveness is increasing; thus requiring the use of local stone. As wellas the conservation and restoration of historic buildings which may uselocal stone. However, predicting the tonnage of any particular stone needed

11


in the future is very difficult due to variability of the market, existing viable levels of reserve and achievable outputs.

41. Further information on the building stones of Cornwall is available in atechnical report which supports the policy in this DPD and the CornwallLocal Plan, available at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd.

China Clay42. China clay or (kaolin) is a product of altered granite, which has been

affected by an interaction of groundwater with the feldspar minerals within the granite to form kaolinite. China clay deposits world-wide are very limited.

43. In the case of Cornwall’s granite deposits, the alteration is patchy variablein quality and distribution. The kaolinised zones within the granite tend tobe funnel-shaped or trough-like in cross section, several hundreds ofmetres across at outcrop, and narrowing downwards. Some of thekaolinised bodies are very extensive and deep-seated, with the stems ofthe funnels more than 300m below the surface. Kaolinised granite is morefriable and generally softer than unaltered rock and consists mainly ofquartz or mica, unaltered feldspar (potassium feldspar tends to be lessreadily altered than the plagioclase feldspars) and kaolinite.

44. In Cornwall china clay resources are found within three of the larger granitebodies namely the Land’s End peninsula, Hensbarrow (north of St Austell)and Bodmin Moor, along within smaller bodies in Godolphin/Tregonning andBelowda.

45. The primary china clay deposits of south-west England are world class interms of their size and quality. They have yielded over 165 million tonnesof marketable clay since production began in the middle of the 18th Century.

46. In Cornwall significant quantities were extracted from the Bodmin Moor andLand’s End granites in the past, production has ceased in these areas.Commercial exploitation of the china clay in Cornwall is now confined to thewestern and central parts of the Hensbarrow granite. Britain is one ofworld’s largest producers of china clay, after Brazil, USA and China. In 2014exports were valued at approximately £116,105,000. Therefore the chinaclay industry makes a significant contribution to the UK’s balance ofpayments. The china clay industry employs circa 750 people locally.However, production of china clay has declined, since a peak in the 1950s.

47. Planning permission for winning and working of china clay in the St Austell(Hensbarrow) area extend to some 88 square kilometres, although the areaof active extraction, tipping, handling and processing sites is much smaller.The mineral planning permission area contains a number of OperationalAreas within which extraction and ancillary operations are focused.

48. Traditionally, china clay is extracted from the kaolinised granite by ‘wetmining’ using high pressure jets of water (‘monitors’) to erode the workingfaces and wash out the kaolin. Processing of china clay is essentially based

12


on wet refining and thickening at the refinery. Clays from different areas are blended at the refinery to meet the requirements of specific customers and projects.

49. On average, the material extracted from the pits contains 12-15% ofcommercially-saleable clay, the remainder being regarded in the past aswaste which needed to be tipped on adjacent areas. In the past somewaste materials were sold to the construction industry for use as anaggregate. The quantity of this ‘secondary’ aggregate sold has increasedsignificantly and now often exceeds sales of primary aggregates.

50. Mica is also produced as a by-product of china clay production; it is a fineslurry residue that is deposited in large lagoons. The mica settles and thewater is pumped out for re-use. Some older mica dams have been re-worked. Mica dams may contain other minerals, which in the future couldbecome a valuable mineral resource.

51. China stone is a largely unkaolinised granite from the western part of the StAustell granite and are low in iron and high in lithium and fluorinecontaining minerals, hence they are pale coloured. Because of their finegrain and ability to be worked they have been used as a building stone inthe past. The absence of iron-bearing minerals makes china stone suitablefor use as a flux in the manufacture of pottery and bone china.

52. Further information on china clay in Cornwall, is available in a technicalreport which supports the policy in this DPD and the Cornwall Local Plan,available at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd. Information on china stoneas a building material is set out in ‘The Building Stones of Cornwall:Identification of Heritage Quarries’ published as evidence to support thepolicy in this DPD.

Metals53. There is a close geographical connection between the granite of Cornwall

and the location of the important metalliferous mining districts. The Cornubian granite batholith has a West-East extent of over 250km beginning west of the Isles of Scilly and ending just east of the Dartmoor granite. Much of the batholith is concealed beneath Devonian and Carboniferous strata. The batholith varies in width between 40 and 60km; from west to east the larger granite exposures or plutons are those of the Isles of Scilly, Land’s End, Carnmenellis, St Austell and Bodmin Moor. Smaller bodies include Godolphin/Tregonning, St Michael’s Mount, Carn Marth, Carn Brea, St Agnes, Castle-an-Dinas, Belowda, Kit Hill, Hingston Down and Gunnislake.

54. Fluid escaping along fractures from the cooling granite bodies wasresponsible for depositing a wide range of minerals including metal ores.This fluid movement led to a complex sequence of mineralising events, withindividual veins or ‘lodes’ carrying particular assemblages of minerals. TheBGS Report ‘Mineral Resource Information for Development Plans’ hasidentified zones of intense hydrothermal vein mineralisation and zones ofscattered stratiform vein and stratiform mineralisation in certain horizons

13


within the slate, sandstone and basic igneous rocks throughout Cornwall that are enriched in metals. These include veins and stratiform deposits that are unrelated to the granites and their thermal influence, which cover areas across Cornwall and do not appear to give an indication of whether there is a quality resource of such form, quality and quantity that has reasonable prospect for eventual economic extraction. The principal metallic ores extracted in Cornwall have been tin, copper and iron.

55. The veins within and close to the granites mostly carry tin, in places withtungsten and arsenic. In the rocks immediately around the granites copperand arsenic may be found with tin, while further out tin diminishes and zincmay be present. Veins carrying lead, silver and zinc together with sparminerals such as fluorite and barite, are to be found at some distance fromthe granite outcrops. In some districts, for example around Gunnislake, theveins are noted for their polymetallic character. This is a result of a numberof mineralising events being superimposed in the same structure and canlead for example, to tin, tungsten, arsenic, copper, zinc and fluoriteoccurring together. In addition to the metals and minerals listed above,Cornwall has yielded manganese and silver as well as small amountsmolybdenum, cadmium, fluorspar and gold.

56. Metalliferous minerals have been worked by underground methods and(less significantly) from surface deposits; for example in the case of tin orethis has been extracted by tin streaming in the past. Historically, largertonnages of both copper and iron have been produced and in total,Cornwall has produced more copper and iron than tin but tin has been themore valuable commodity in terms of price. According to the BGS Resourceinformation for Development Plans the St. Austell Granite hosts aconsiderable, although low-grade, lithium resource which is present inlithium-bearing micas containing up to 2.5 per cent lithium metal. Presentday needs are mostly met from overseas high-grade deposits and isunlikely that this occurrence will be of economic interest in the foreseeablefuture.

57. The only current production of metals in Cornwall is at the micro-scale BlueHills Tin Streams near St Agnes. Mine development work is underway atSouth Crofty Mine, Pool. Planning permission was granted in late 2011 torelocate South Crofty’s surface operations and create modern oreprocessing and mine access facilities in the Tuckingmill Decline Area. Withinthe planning permission a number of shafts have been identified to provideaccess and ventilation to the mine. New Tolgus Shaft has been identified aspart of the planning permission; the shaft is located to the South West ofthe Cornwall Site Allocations DPD proposed allocation for Tolgus UrbanExtension (CPIR-UE1). Any proposal relating to the Tolgus Urban Extensionshould consider the Mineral Safeguarding Area in relation to New TolgusShaft; however this should not preclude delivery of the scheme at TolgusUrban Extension.

58. Generally, primary refining of metal ores is undertaken at, or close to, themine thus reducing the weight and volume of the material to betransported to secondary refining facilities and markets (which tend to be

14


global). Large scale smelting facilities for many metals are specialised and consequently there may be a need to export materials to smelters outside the UK or Europe.

59. The main underground metalliferous mining areas of Cornwall have made acontribution to the landscape, built heritage, culture and society. In 2006the mining landscape of Cornwall and West Devon was inscribed as a WorldHeritage Site (WHS). The WHS Management Plan clearly states that there isnot a presumption against mining within the World Heritage Site, subject todevelopment respecting the outstanding universal values of the WHS. TheWHS Management Plan also acknowledges that the WHS contains many oldmineral dumps and recognises their historic value.

60. BGS Metals Factsheet1 states that “SW England remains prospective fordiscovery of high grade tin and copper vein deposits. However, extensiveand intensive historical workings make exploration for new depositsdifficult. It is likely that new discoveries would be at considerable depthwhich would require a substantial exploration investment. Recentmetalliferous extraction operations have been relatively small scaleoperations, often based on historical mines. Such locations may become ofimportance in the future”. The price of metals is a major factor controllingthe viability of developing new mines as will be illustrated by themonitoring of the viability of South Crofty mine, which aims to develop as apolymetallic mine.

61. It is therefore important to safeguard strategic access points/areas forknown metalliferous resources to facilitate the potential for futurereactivation of mining and to ensure that underground mine features arenot sterilised by surface non-mineral development.

62. Further information on metalliferous resources in Cornwall is available in atechnical report which supports the policy in this DPD and the CornwallLocal Plan, available at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd.

Mineral Infrastructure in Cornwall63. The NPPF requires certain infrastructure sites associated with the transport,

processing and distribution of minerals to be safeguarded. In Cornwall, the mineral related infrastructure is mainly wharves, ports, rail and concrete batching plants.

Mineral Wharves and Ports64. There are two quarries which have dedicated mineral wharves; Dean

Quarry and West of England Quarry, both of which are located on the Lizard Peninsula peninsular.

65. In addition to the two dedicated mineral wharves; the ports of Falmouthand Fowey export aggregates and china clay. Par previously exportedminerals, however, due to its tidal nature exports from Par have ceased.Part of Par Docks remains operational for the processing of china clay; this

1 http://www.bgs.ac.uk/mineralsuk/planning/mineralPlanningFactsheets.html

15


area is referred to as East Par China Clay Processing Infrastructure. The infrastructure Mineral Safeguarding Area at East Par partially includes a proposed allocation in the Cornwall Site Allocations DPD for Par Docks (ECO-M2). The purpose of this is to ensure that any proposal relating to Par Docks (ECO-M2) should consider the Mineral Safeguarding Area in relation to East Par China Clay Processing Infrastructure and receive specialist advice (such as noise, dust and visual impact mitigation measures); however, this is not intended to, and should not, preclude the delivery of the scheme at Par Docks (ECO-M2).

Rail66. It is mainly the St Austell China Clay Area which contains rail links as china

clay and its associated products are transported by rail. Indeed the data onchina clay indicates that 13% of clays are transported by rail.

Concrete Batching Plants67. Many of the aggregate quarries within Cornwall also contain on-site

concrete processing facilities; however, there are also a number of independent concrete processing plants spread throughout Cornwall which produce concrete products.

Development Plan Document Vision and Objectives

68. Drawing on the vision and objectives set out in the Cornwall Local Plan, theDPD has the following vision:

69. Cornwall will have a world class thriving minerals industry that serves localneeds as well as exporting minerals to serve regional and national marketsby encouraging the sustainable use of resources.

70. The principle objective for the Minerals Safeguarding DPD is:

71. To safeguard mineral resources, sites and infrastructure from other formsof incompatible development.

Mineral Safeguarding72. Cornwall has been safeguarding mineral resources through the planning

system for many years. The Minerals Local Plan 1997 safeguardedaggregate, building stone, china clay and metal resources. To ensure anapproach that protects those resources and infrastructure currently orpotentially of economic value and strikes a balance that avoids protectinglarge areas of mineral resources that have no prospect of future working,Cornwall Council has reviewed the potential mineral resources andinfrastructure.

73. In defining the Mineral Safeguarding Areas, Cornwall Council has used theinformation contained in the British Geological Survey (BGS) ‘MineralResource Information for Development Plans’ along with informationgathered for the adopted Cornwall Minerals Local Plan and mineral industry

16


knowledge and other relevant resources such as H G Dines’ ‘The Metalliferous Mining Region of South West England’, Vols I & II’. Using this information Cornwall Council developed a range of criteria to assess the individual resources, these included scarcity, ability to identify the resource on geological mapping, viability, quality and potential conflicts. The results of this assessment are set out in an evidence report titled ‘Mineral Resources and Infrastructure Assessment’, available at www.cornwall.gov.uk/mineralsdpd.

74. Guidance from the BGS suggests that safeguarding should extend beyondthe known resource boundary, to create a buffer to reduce the risk ofincompatible development occurring in close proximity to the mineralresource. The extent of these boundaries varies depending upon the type ofmineral and the extraction method.

75. It is considered appropriate to safeguard the following mineral resourcesand associated buffer zones as set out in ‘Table 1 Mineral resources andassociated buffer zones’. The proposed buffer zones have been includedwithin the identified Mineral Safeguarding Areas. For mineral infrastructurein some cases it is considered appropriate to safeguard an area around theexisting site, as these are, to a certain extent, footloose and able to belocated in various locations. In such cases, their operational activity will betaken into account, as a material planning consideration, in theconsideration of any non-mineral development. However, a buffer zone isincorporated within the Mineral Safeguarding Areas for infrastructure,where the effects of the operation of the facility are likely to result inplanning impacts upon sensitive receptors it is considered appropriate tosafeguard an area around the existing site, as these are, to a certainextent, footloose and able to be located in various locations.

Table 1 Mineral resources and associated buffer zones

Ag

gre

gat

e

Mineral Resource Buffer Dolerite Sandstone GraniteGritstone GabbroBlue Elvan

Existing mineral sites with planning permission

500m

Bu

ildin

g

Sto

ne

Silica sand GraniteSlate

Existing mineral sites with planning permission

250m

17


Her

itag

e S

ton

e

Slate Luxulyanite GraniteSandstone Serpentine Elvan Gabbro

Former quarries without mineral planning permission

100m

Ch

ina

Cla

y

China clay

St Austell (Hensbarrow) area 250m

Met

als

Tin CopperArsenic Tungsten Sulphur Zinc Silver Lead

Known strategically important shafts

500m radius around

principal shafts

250m radius around

secondary shafts

Infr

astr

uct

ure

Concrete batching plants Railways Rail sidings Minerals wharves Mineral haul roads

Up to 250m on a case-

by-case basis

76. Safeguarding does not attempt to predict how much mineral resources willbe needed over the plan period; instead it focuses on the viable mineralresources, taking into account evidence of them being a proven resource.Economic viability will change over time; resources that are not currentlyconsidered viable may well become viable in the future due to changingdemands, economic circumstances or extraction technology. CornwallCouncil does not rule out the possibility of safeguarding further sites in thefuture if clear evidence of substantial resources capable of being worked areidentified. If, during the life of the Plan, it becomes apparent that extractionof any minerals which are not covered in detail in this Plan becomes a viableoption or further minerals infrastructure may require safeguarding, theMineral Planning Authority may address any deficiency though a focusedreview of the Plan.

18


Safeguarding Policy77. The inclusion of land within a Mineral Safeguarding Area carries no

presumption that mineral development would be acceptable or that planningpermission would be forthcoming.

78. Equally, there is no presumption that non-mineral development within aMineral Safeguarding Area is automatically precluded. Nor does the policyrepresent a veto on other forms of development taking place; it enablesdevelopment to be undertaken where it can be demonstrated that one or more of the criteria can be met.

79. The Mineral Safeguarding Areas for Cornwall are shown on the Policy Mapand as insets in Appendix 1. The areas are also available on the Council’sinteractive mapping. Cornwall Council is a Unitary Authority, howevermineral safeguarding will be considered during the planning applicationprocess, internal consultation between the local planning authority caseofficer and the mineral planning officer will be undertaken.

80. Applicants for non-mineral development within Mineral Safeguarding Areaswill be required to demonstrate that there is no mineral resource or mineralinfrastructure likely to be of current or future economic value that would besterilised by the proposed development (criterion b). Applicants may berequired to produce a Mineral Resource Assessment in cases where themineral planning authority is minded to take a precautionary approach andrecommend refusal. Where borehole evidence is needed in order todemonstrate that there is no conflict with mineral uses, such investigationsare required to be undertaken to a satisfactory standard by a suitablyqualified person. There would be consultation with interested parties on thefindings.

81. To demonstrate compliance with criterion d that “the mineral resource orinfrastructure will not be subject to unacceptable detrimental effects and theproposed development would not suffer unacceptable adverse impacts as aresult of the mineral operations”, any application for non-mineral planningpermission within an MSA may be required to be accompanied by technicalassessments for such as noise, dust, blast vibration and vehicular trafficimpacts. The scope of any such assessment should be agreed in advancewith the Council.

82. Criterion e “whether there is an overriding strategic need for the non-mineral development” should take into account the strategic importance ofthe non-mineral development and the availability of alternative locations forthat development.

83. Development of land for non-mineral proposals may provide an opportunityto extract a mineral resource prior to that development taking place, withthe mineral either being used as part of the development or sold. Priorextraction is easier to achieve with sand and gravel resources than hard rockresources. However, there are still opportunities for prior extraction withhard rock resources.

19


84. For some types of non-mineral development, the sterilising impact onmineral resources may be negligible and those exemptions are:

Extensions or alterations to an existing use/building which do notfundamentally change the scale and character of the use/buildinginvolved.Applications for householder development within the curtilage of aproperty.Details submitted as reserved matters unless consultation with theMinerals Planning Authority is specifically requested at the outline stage.Minor developments such as walls, fences, gates, elevation alterations,private gardens or bus shelters.Applications for advertisement control.Applications for works to treesApplications for temporary planning permission, where the developmentcan be completed and the site restored to a condition that does not inhibitextraction within the timescale that the mineral is likely to be needed.

set out in Appendix 2.

Policy: MS1Mineral resources and infrastructure within Mineral Safeguarding Areas defined on the Policy Map shall be safeguarded from sterilisation.

Planning permission for non-mineral development will only be permitted within Mineral Safeguarding Areas where it can be demonstrated that;

a. the proposed development would not conflict with mineral related use ofthe site or infrastructure; or

b. the applicant has demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the mineral planningauthority, that the mineral resource or infrastructure is not of current orpotential economic value or that the mineral resource is not of value forheritage uses; or

c. the mineral resource can be satisfactorily extracted prior to thedevelopment taking place; or

d. that the mineral resource or infrastructure will not be subject tounacceptable detrimentally effects affected and the proposed developmentwould not suffer unacceptable adverse impacts as a result of the mineraloperations; or

e. there is overriding strategic need for the non-mineral development thatoutweighs the need to safeguard the minerals; or

f. the non-mineral development within the Mineral Safeguarding Area isexempt as set out in the exemption list in paragraph 84Appendix 2.

20

Cor

nwal

l Min

eral

s Saf

egua

rdin

g D

PD

Mod

ifica

tions

Con

sultat

ion

Mar

ch 2

018

Po

licy

Map

21


Appendix 1Mineral and Infrastructure Safeguarding Areas

Table 2 Mineral and Infrastructure Safeguarding Areas

Overall SiteReference

Site Name Proposed Mineral Safeguarding Area

Area not considered suitable for safeguarding

AGGREGATES A1 Blackhill Quarry A2 Cansford Quarry A3 Carnsew Quarry A4 Carthurther Quarry A5 Castle-an-Dinas Quarry A6 Chywoon Quarry A7 Dairy Quarry A8 Dean Quarry A9 Doublebois Quarry A10 Goss Moor A11 Greystone Quarry A12 Hingston Down Quarry A13 Kessel Down Quarry A14 Luxulyan Quarry A15 Penlee Quarry A16 Pentewan Beach A17 Pigsdon Quarry A18 Seaton Beach A20 Tor Quarry A21 Tredinnick Quarry A22 Trevassack Quarry A23 Trewint Marsh A24 Treworgans Quarry A25 West of England Quarry A26 Gwithian Sand

Workings A27 Penventon Quarry BUILDING STONEBS1 Beacon Pits BS2 Bearah Tor Quarry BS3 Bosahan Quarry BS4 Burnthouse Quarry BS5 Callywith Quarry BS6 Canalidgey Quarry BS7 Caradon Gonamena

Quarry BS8 Carbilly Tor Quarry BS9 Carzantic Quarry BS10 Clowance Quarry

22


BS11 Darley Ford Quarry BS12 De Lank Quarry BS13 Delabole Quarry BS14 Eathorne Quarry BS15 Goodygrane Quarry BS16 Hantergantick Quarry BS17 Helsbury Quarry BS18 Jobswater Quarry BS19 Lambest Quarry BS20 Lantoom Quarry BS21 Maen Karne Quarry BS22 Molingey Quarry BS23 Palastine Quarry BS24 Pilsamoor Quarry BS25 Polyphant Quarry BS26 Retallack Quarry BS27 Rosevanion Quarry BS28 Spargo Downs Quarry BS29 Tor Down Quarry BS30 Trago Mills Quarry BS31 Trannack Quarry BS32 Trecarne Quarry BS33 Tredinnick Quarry BS34 Tregunnon Quarry BS35 Trenoweth Quarry BS36 Tresahor Quarry BS37 Trevaney Quarry BS38 Trevillet Quarry BS39 Trevone Quarry BS40 Trolvis Quarry BS41 Tubbs Mill Quarry BS42 Tynes Quarry BS43 Westwood Quarry BS44 Trebarwith Slate Quarry BS45 Lamparrow Quarry BS46 Pendarves Farm BS47 Prince of Wales Quarry BS48 Clinnick Downs Quarry BS49 James Park Quarry BS50 Carthew Quarry CHINA CLAYCC1 St Austell China Clay

Area HERITAGE STONEH1 Boscastle Quarry H2 Boscastle Cliff Quarry H3 Carbean Colcerrow

Quarry H4 Carnglaze Caverns

23


H5 Castallack Quarry H6 Cataclews Quarry H7 Cheesewring Quarry H8 Gwendreath Quarry H9 Herdbury Quarry H10 Kestle Quarry H11 Kit Hill H12 Lamorna Quarry H13 Newham Quarry H14 Penrice Quarry H15 Pentewan Quarry H16 Sheffield Quarry H17 St Kew Quarry H18 Tregonning Hill Quarry H19 Tremore Quarry H20 Treveddoe Quarry H21 Watergate (Kingsand)

Quarry H22 Kessel Downs Quarry H23 St Keverne Quarry H24 Trevassack Quarry H25 Trannack Quarry H26 Brannel Quarry H27 Carn Grey Quarry H28 Cathedral Quarry METALSM1 Blue Hills, St Agnes M2 Botallack M3 Castle-an-Dinas Mine M4 Cligga Head and

Polperro M5 Cotts Farm, Linkinhorne M6 Fowey Consols M7 Geevor, Levant and

Boscaswell M8 Great Fortune, Breage M9 Gwithian Beach Tin M10 Mount Wellington,

Bissoe M11 New Consols Mine,

LuckettM12 North Wheal Bassett,

Carn Brea M13 Pendarves, Troon M14 Phoenix United and

Marke Valley M15 Porkellis M16 Prince of Wales Mine M17 Redmoor and Holmbush

24


M18 South Crofty Mine M19 South Wheal Francis M20 St Stephen Coombe, St

Austell M21 Tregurtha Downs,

Wheal Rodney & Wheal Hampton, Goldsithney

M22 Trink (Giew), Trencrom M23 Wheal Concord,

Blackwater M24 Wheal Eliza Consols, St

Austell M25 Wheal Jane M26 Wheal Vor and Wheal

Metal, Breage M27 Treliver Farm, St

Columb M28 Wheal Alfred, Hayle M29 Killifreth Mine, Scorrier M30 Bodmin East M31 Bodmin West M32 Drakewalls M33 St Austell Consols,

Sticker M34 Perran St George Mine,

North Trevellas, Perranporth

INFRASTRUCTUREI1 Concrete Works, St

Austell I2 Lucknow Road, Bodmin I3 Wilson Way, Pool I4 Old Quarry,

Creegbrawse I5 Castle-an-Dinas Quarry I6 Burngullow Rail Siding I7 Point Mills, Bissoe I8 Chenoweth Business

Park, Ruan High Lanes I9 Chywoon Quarry

Concrete Plant I10 Hallaze Blockworks I11 Lucknow, Bugle I12 Dean Quarry Wharf I13 Goonvean Blockworks I14 Cansford Quarry I15 Carne Cross, St Blazey I16 Fowey Docks I17 Fowey Siding

25


I19 Herdbury Quarry I20 Hingston Down Quarry I21 Jabez Concrete I22 Kessel Downs I23 Leswidden Building

Supplies I24 Lostwithiel to Fowey

Railway I25 Moorswater Depot I26 Par Docks East Par

China Clay Processing Infrastructure

I27 Par Docks to Fowey Docks Haul Road

I28 Parkandillack Rail Siding

I29 Rocks Siding, Goonbarrow

I30 Treviscoe Siding, Drinnick Mill

I31 W H Ladds Concrete Products, Pool

I32 West of England Wharf I33 Western Blocks, Hayle I34 Burngullow to St Dennis

China Clay Railway (including I6, I28, and I29)

I35 Melbur Blockworks, Summercourt

I36 Wheal Remfry Secondary Aggregate Plant

I37 Pigsdon Asphalt Plant I38 Falmouth Wharves

26


Inset Maps

27

BS25Map 26

© Crown copyright and database rights 2018 Ordnance Survey 100049047.

Map 1 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Blackhill Quarry and plantA1

Proposed Mineral Safeguarding Area

Mineral Planning Permission

Neighbouring Site Extents

Neighbouring/Overlapping Proposed Mineral Safeguarding Area

28

I14Map 108


Map 2 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Cansford Quarry and plantA2





29

A6Map 5

BS35Map 31

BS28Map 27 BS28

Map 27

I9Map 103


Map 3 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Carnsew Quarry and plantA3





30

I5Map 99


Map 4 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Castle-an-Dinas Quarry and plantA5





31

A3Map 3

BS40Map 33

H22Map 59

BS40Map 33

I22Map 115

I9Map 103


Map 5 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Chywoon Quarry and plantA6





32


Map 6 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Dairy Quarry and plantA7



33

A25Map 14

I12Map 106


Map 7 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Dean Quarry and plantA8





34


Map 8 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Greystone Quarry and plantA11



Unimplemented Mineral Planning Permission (subject to S106)

35

Watson's ShaftWatson's Shaft

Bailey's ShaftBailey's Shaft

M16.1Map 80

M16.2Map 80

M16.3Map 80

M32Map 93

I20Map 113

Prince of Wales AditPrince of Wales Adit


Map 9 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Hingston Down Quarry and plantA12



Shafts


Neighbouring/Overlapping Proposed Mineral Safeguarding Area36

H3Map 40

H3Map 40


Map 10 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Luxulyan Quarry and plantA14





37


Map 11 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Penlee Quarry and plantA15



38

I37Map 129


Map 12 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Pigsdon Quarry and plantA17





39


Map 13 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tredinnick Quarry and plant, GrampoundA21



40

A8Map 7

H23Map 60

I32Map 124


Map 14 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

West of England Quarry and plantA25





41


Map 15 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Beacon Pits (Newdowns)BS1



42


Map 16 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Bearah Tor Quarry (H)BS2



43


Map 17 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Callywith QuarryBS5



44


Map 18 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Caradon (Gonamena) QuarryBS7



45


Map 19 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Darley Ford QuarryBS11



46

BS16Map 22


Map 20 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

De Lank Quarry (H)BS12





47

BS44Map 37


Map 21 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Delabole QuarryBS13





48

BS12Map 20


Map 22 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Hantergantick QuarryBS16





49


Map 23 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Lambest QuarryBS19



50


Map 24 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Lantoom Quarry (H)BS20




51


Map 25 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Pilsamoor Quarry (H)BS24



52


Map 26 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Polyphant Quarry (H)BS25




53


Map 27 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Spargo Downs QuarryBS28



54


Map 28 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Trecarne QuarryBS32



55


Map 29 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tredinnick Quarry, St IsseyBS33



56


Map 30 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tregunnon QuarryBS34



57

A3Map 3


Map 31 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Trenoweth QuarryBS35





58


Map 32 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Trevillet Quarry (H)BS38



59

A6Map 5

H22Map 59

I22Map 115


Map 33 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Trolvis QuarryBS40





60


Map 34 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tubbs Mill QuarryBS41


Dormant Site

61


Map 35 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tynes QuarryBS42



62


Map 36 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Westwood QuarryBS43



63


Map 37 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Trebarwith Road Rustic QuarryBS44




64

SW S

X

SW S

X

M3

3M

ap 9

4

M2

4.1

Map

87

A1

4M

ap 1

0

M3

.1M

ap 6

8

M2

7.1

Map

90

I34

Map

126

I35

Map

127

A1

4M

ap 1

0

I36

Map

128

I13

Map

107

H3

Map

40

I10

Map

104

I6M

ap 1

00

I15

Map

109

H2

7M

ap 6

4

H3

Map

40

I30

Map

123

I29

Map

122

H2

6M

ap 6

3

I28

Map

121

H2

6M

ap 6

3

I11

Map

105

H2

8M

ap 6

5

H1

4M

ap 5

1

C1

Fal (

OA1

)

C15

Kar

slak

e (O

A12

)

C16

Bla

ckpo

ol (O

A13

)

C2

Ker

nick

(OA

2)C

32Ba

al (O

A29

)

C31

Pen

hale

(OA

28)

C22

Gun

heat

h (O

A19

)C24

Goo

nbar

row

(OA

21)

C28

Roc

ks (O

A25

)

C13

Got

hers

(OA

10)

C20

Gre

ensp

lat (

OA

17)

C26

Ros

emel

lyn

(OA

23)

C12

Hen

dra

(OA

9)C

3Tr

evis

coe

(OA

3)

C18

Gov

er (O

A15

)

C5

Ros

tow

rack

(OA

4b)

C10

Cap

alla

Pip

elin

es (O

A7)

C35

Whe

al R

ashl

eigh

(OA

32)

C11

Gov

erse

th (O

A8)

C21

Whe

al M

arty

n (O

A18)

C6

Goo

nvea

n (O

A4c

) C7

Res

crow

sa c

lay

rese

rve

C17

Bur

ngul

low

(OA

14)

C23

Gre

at W

heal

Pro

sper

(OA

20)

C14

Gill

eys

(OA

11)

C34

Bod

elva

(OA

31)

C4

Trel

avou

r (O

A4a

)

C39

Cla

y R

esou

rce

31

C27

Mol

inni

s (O

A24

)

C9

Blo

omsd

ale

(OA

6)

C25

Hal

lew

(OA

22)

C19

Tret

how

el (O

A16

)

C8

Trel

avou

r Wor

ks (O

A5)

C38

Cla

y R

esou

rce

34

C29

Lant

ern

(OA

26)

C37

Inni

s M

oor (

OA

34)

C8

Trel

avou

r Wor

ks (O

A5)

© C

row

n co

pyrig

ht a

nd d

atab

ase

right

s 20

18 O

rdna

nce

Surv

ey 1

0004

9047

.

02 K

ilom

etre

s

CC

1 -

Ch

ina

Cla

y M

SA

Prop

osed

Min

eral

Saf

egua

rdin

g A

reas

Prop

osed

Min

eral

Saf

egua

rdin

g A

rea

Ope

ratio

nal A

reas

Area

bel

ieve

d to

con

tain

Chi

na C

lay

rese

rves

or re

sour

ces

Area

s id

entif

ied

for P

lant

Infra

stru

ctur

eN

eigh

bour

ing

Site

Ext

ents

Nei

ghbo

urin

g/O

verla

ppin

g P

ropo

sed

MS

A


Map 38 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Boscastle QuarryH1


Site with no Mineral Planning Permission

66


Map 39 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Boscastle Cliff QuarriesH2



67


Map 40 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Carbean/Colcerrow QuarriesH3




68


Map 41 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Carnglaze CavernsH4



69


Map 42 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Castallack QuarryH5


Dormant Site

70


Map 43 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Cataclews QuarryH6



71

M14.1Map 79


Map 44 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Cheesewring QuarriesH7





72


Map 45 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Gwendreath QuarryH8


Dormant Site

73

I19Map 112


Map 46 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Herdbury QuarryH9


Dormant Site



74


Map 47 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Kestle QuarryH10


Dormant Site

75


Map 48 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Kit Hill QuarriesH11



76


Map 49 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Lamorna QuarryH12



77


Map 50 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Newham QuarryH13



78


Map 51 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Penrice QuarryH14



79


Map 52 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Pentewan QuarriesH15



80


Map 53 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Sheffield QuarryH16


Dormant Site

81


Map 54 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

St Kew QuarryH17



82


Map 55 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tregonning Hill QuarriesH18



83


Map 56 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tremore QuarryH19



84


Map 57 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Treveddoe QuarryH20



85


Map 58 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Watergate (Kingsand) QuarryH21



86

I22Map 115


Map 59 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Kessel Downs Quarry (A13)H22





87

A25Map 14

I32Map 124


Map 60 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

St Keverne Quarries (A19)H23


Dormant Site



88


Map 61 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Trevassack Quarry (A22)H24



89


Map 62 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Trannack Quarry (BS31)H25



90


Map 63 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Brannel QuarryH26



91

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 64 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Carn Grey QuarryH27





92

I34Map 126

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 65 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Cathedral QuarryH28





93


Map 66 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Blue HillsM1



94

Allen's ShaftAllen's Shaft

Boscawen Diagonal ShaftBoscawen Diagonal Shaft

M7.2Map 72 M7.1

Map 72

Wheal Cock ShaftWheal Cock Shaft


Map 67 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

BotallackM2



Shafts



North ShaftNorth Shaft

Castle-an-Dinas AditCastle-an-Dinas Adit


Map 68 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Castle-an-DinasM3



Shafts

96

Contact ShaftContact Shaft

Cligga Mine AditCligga Mine Adit

M34Map 95


Map 69 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Cligga HeadM4.1



Shafts



Turnavore ShaftTurnavore Shaft

Wheal Friendly ShaftWheal Friendly Shaft

Polberro Consols Mine AditPolberro Consols Mine Adit


Map 70 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Polberro ConsolsM4.2



Shafts

98

Union ShaftUnion Shaft

Austen's ShaftsAusten's Shafts

Bottrall’s ShaftBottrall’s Shaft


Map 71 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Fowey ConsolsM6



Shafts

99

Skip ShaftSkip Shaft

Geevor AditGeevor Adit

Victory ShaftVictory Shaft

Allen's ShaftAllen's Shaft

Wethered ShaftWethered Shaft

Treweek's ShaftTreweek's Shaft

M2.1Map 67

M2.2Map 67


Map 72 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Geevor, Levant & BoscaswellM7



Shafts



Wheal Vor AditWheal Vor Adit

Harvey's Engine ShaftHarvey's Engine Shaft


Map 73 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Great FortuneM8



Shafts

101

Nangiles AditNangiles Adit

Davey's ShaftDavey's Shaft

Hawke's ShaftHawke's Shaft

Morcom's ShaftMorcom's Shaft

Taylor's ShaftTaylor's Shaft

Garland's ShaftGarland's Shaft Wellington ShaftWellington Shaft

Great County AditGreat County Adit

Frederick's ShaftFrederick's Shaft

Wheal Maid DeclineWheal Maid Decline

Francis Engine ShaftFrancis Engine Shaft

M25.4Map 88

M29.6Map 92

M29.1Map 92

I4Map 98

Woolf's Engine ShaftWoolf's Engine Shaft

Taylor's Whim ShaftsTaylor's Whim Shafts


Map 74 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Mount Wellington, United Downs and Wheal MaidM10



Shafts



Engine shaftEngine shaft


Map 75 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

New Consols MineM11



Shafts

103

Druids WhimDruids Whim

Engine ShaftEngine ShaftBasset AditBasset Adit

Lyle's ShaftLyle's Shaft

Davies ShaftDavies Shaft

Grace's ShaftGrace's Shaft

Kistle's ShaftKistle's Shaft

Hind's Engine ShaftHind's Engine Shaft

M18.1Map 82

M19.1Map 83

M19.3Map 83

M18.42Map 82

M18.43Map 82


Map 76 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

North Wheal Bassett and Wheal UnyM12.1



Shafts



Harvey's ShaftHarvey's ShaftTresavean Mine AditTresavean Mine Adit


Map 77 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tresavean MineM12.2



Shafts

105

Pryce'sPryce'sWoolf'sWoolf's

New SumpNew Sump

WilliamsWilliams

Marshall'sMarshall's

Gossan ShaftGossan Shaft

Simm's ShaftSimm's Shaft

Gould's ShaftGould's Shaft

Wheal HarriettWheal Harriett

Stray Park EngineStray Park Engine

M18.1Map 82

M18.6Map 82

M18.8Map 82

M18.23Map 82

M18.22Map 82

M18.25Map 82

M18.26Map 82

M18.24Map 82

M18.44Map 82

Fortescue's Fortescue's


Map 78 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Pendarves MineM13



Shafts



Seccombe ShaftSeccombe Shaft

Marke Valley AditMarke Valley Adit

Salisbury's ShaftSalisbury's Shaft

Prince of Wales ShaftPrince of Wales Shaft

BS7Map 18


Map 79 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Phoenix United & Marke Valley MinesM14



Shafts



Watson's ShaftWatson's Shaft

Bailey's ShaftBailey's Shaft

Prince of Wales AditPrince of Wales Adit

A12Map 9

I20Map 113


Map 80 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Prince of Wales MineM16



Shafts



Johnson's ShaftJohnson's Shaft

Hichen's Engine ShaftHichen's Engine Shaft


Map 81 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Redmoor & Holmbush MineM17



Shafts

109

Adi

tA

dit

Aga

rA

gar

Nor

thN

orth

Dun

n's

Dun

n's

Hin

d's

Hin

d's

Sim

m's

Sim

m's

Pryc

e's

Pryc

e's

Gou

ld's

Gou

ld's

Prae

d's

Prae

d's

May

ne's

May

ne's

Car

avan

Car

avan

New

Sum

pN

ew S

ump

Will

iam

sW

illia

ms

Blig

ht's

Blig

ht's

Day

light

Day

light

Palm

er's

Palm

er's

Cha

pple

sC

happ

les

Tayl

or's

Tayl

or's

Ladd

erw

ayLa

dder

way

Mar

shal

l'sM

arsh

all's

Mar

riott'

sM

arrio

tt's

New

Tol

gus

New

Tol

gus

Whi

m R

ound

Whi

m R

ound

Old

Eng

ine

Old

Eng

ine

Lyle

s Sh

aft

Lyle

s Sh

aft

Fort

escu

e's

Fort

escu

e's

Dru

ids

Whi

mD

ruid

s W

him

Dau

buz

Sha

ftD

aubu

z S

haft

Gra

ces

Shaf

tG

race

s Sh

aft

Engi

ne S

haft

Engi

ne S

haft

Nor

th V

alle

yN

orth

Val

ley

Tred

inni

ck's

Tred

inni

ck's

Will

ough

by's

Will

ough

by's

Dav

ies

Shaf

tD

avie

s Sh

aft

Pasc

oes

Shaf

tPa

scoe

s Sh

aft

Valle

y A

cces

sVa

lley

Acc

ess

Che

rry

Gar

den

Che

rry

Gar

den

Whe

al H

arri

ett

Whe

al H

arri

ett

Hig

hbur

row

Eas

tH

ighb

urro

w E

ast

Stra

y Pa

rk E

ngin

eSt

ray

Park

Eng

ine

Dol

coat

h D

eep

Adi

tD

olco

ath

Dee

p A

dit

Woo

lf's

Woo

lf's

Rob

inso

n's

Rob

inso

n's

Sout

h Sh

aft

Sout

h Sh

aft

New

Ros

kear

New

Ros

kear

Gos

san

Sha

ftG

ossa

n S

haft

Bas

sets

Adi

tB

asse

ts A

dit

Wat

er E

ngin

eW

ater

Eng

ine

Mid

dle

Engi

neM

iddl

e En

gine

East

ern

valle

yEa

ster

n va

lley

Olli

e's

(Coo

ks)

Olli

e's

(Coo

ks)

Trev

enso

n E

ngin

eTr

even

son

Eng

ine

Fort

escu

e's

Shaf

tFo

rtes

cue'

s Sh

aft

New

Coo

k's

Kitc

hen

New

Coo

k's

Kitc

hen

Tuck

ingm

ill D

eclin

eTu

ckin

gmill

Dec

line

Pend

arve

s M

ine

Sout

h W

heal

Fra

nces

Min

e

Nor

th W

heal

Bas

sett

and

Whe

al U

ny

Nor

th W

heal

Bas

sett

and

Whe

al U

ny

Pend

arve

s M

inePend

arve

s M

ine

Sout

h W

heal

Fra

nces

Min

e

Sout

h W

heal

Fra

nces

Min

e

Sout

h W

heal

Fra

nces

Min

e

Nor

th W

heal

Bas

sett

and

Whe

al U

ny

Wils

on W

ay,

Pool

© C

row

n co

pyrig

ht a

nd d

atab

ase

right

s 20

18 O

rdna

nce

Surv

ey 1

0004

9047

.

020

040

060

080

01,

000

100

Met

res

Sout

h C

rofty

Min

eM

18

Pro

pose

d M

iner

al S

afeg

uard

ing

Are

a

Min

eral

Pla

nnin

g P

erm

issi

on

Shaf

ts

Nei

ghbo

urin

g S

ite E

xten

ts

Nei

ghbo

urin

g/O

verla

ppin

g P

ropo

sed

Min

eral

Saf

egua

rdin

g A

rea

Map

82

of 1

27

110

Marriott'sMarriott's

Daubuz ShaftDaubuz Shaft

Grace's ShaftGrace's Shaft

Pascoes ShaftPascoes Shaft

M12.1Map 76

M18.45Map 82

M18.1Map 82


Map 83 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

South Wheal Frances MineM19



Shafts



Old ShaftOld Shaft


Map 84 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Tregurtha Downs, Wheal Rodney & Wheal HamtonM21



Shafts

112

Trencrom AditTrencrom Adit

Monster ShaftMonster Shaft

Frank's ShaftFrank's Shaft


Map 85 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

TrinkM22



Shafts

113

Concord ShaftConcord Shaft


Map 86 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Wheal Concord MineM23



Shafts

114

Engine ShaftEngine Shaft

Taylor's ShaftTaylor's Shaft


Map 87 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Wheal Eliza ConsolsM24



Shafts

115

No 2 ShaftNo 2 Shaft

Nangiles AditNangiles Adit

Clemow's ShaftClemow's Shaft

M10.1Map 74

M10.12Map 74

I7Map 101


Map 88 of 127

0 100 200 300 400 50050Metres

Wheal Jane MineM25




Shafts


Neighbouring/Overlapping Proposed Mineral Safeguarding Area 116

Metal ShaftMetal Shaft

Engine ShaftEngine Shaft

Ivey's ShaftIvey's Shaft

Borlase ShaftBorlase Shaft

Bounders ShaftBounders ShaftTrelawney's ShaftTrelawney's Shaft

Harvey's Engine ShaftHarvey's Engine Shaft

M8.1Map 73

Carleen Engine ShaftCarleen Engine Shaft


Map 89 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Wheal Vor & Wheal Metal MinesM26



Shafts




Map 90 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

TreliverM27



118

Field ShaftField Shaft


Map 91 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Wheal Alfred MineM28



Shafts

119

Skip ShaftSkip Shaft

Hawke's ShaftHawke's Shaft

Trefusis ShaftTrefusis Shaft

Camborne ShaftCamborne Shaft

Old Sump ShaftOld Sump Shaft

M10.2Map 74

M23.1Map 86

Park-an-Chy main ShaftPark-an-Chy main Shaft

Wheal Busy EngWheal Busy Eng


Map 92 of 127

0 150 300 450 600 75075Metres

Killfreth MineM29



Shafts



Matthew’s ShaftMatthew’s Shaft


Map 93 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Drakewalls MineM32



Shafts


121

Boundary ShaftBoundary Shaft


Map 94 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

St Austell Consols MineM33



Shafts

122

Old ShaftOld Shaft

M4.1Map 69


Map 95 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Perran St George MineM34



Shafts



4b

4c

RESPRYN ROAD

152.4m

126.8m

1

LUCKNOW ROAD SOUTH

2

3

13

LUCKNOW ROAD

15a

Tanks

Tank

Coldharbour Depot

3

2 to 3

4

House

12

Sub

12

10

122.6m

11

ESS

4a

Western

Mast

Trac

k 98.9m

CARMINOW ROAD

7e

16a

16d

2

7a

149.8m

16b

ROAD

Sta

House

Treworder

4

LB

1a

1b

15

15c

19

El

6

8

Tanks

114.7m

Atheneaum

Garage

105.7m

6

16c

Chy

TLE CANYKE ROAD

PAARDEBURG


Map 96 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

Lucknow, BodminI2


Infrastructure Sites

124

CaravanCaravan

South ShaftSouth Shaft

Highburrow EastHighburrow East

M18.1Map 82

M18.38Map 82

M18.40Map 82

M18.39Map 82


Map 97 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Wilson Way, PoolI3



Shafts




Map 98 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Old Quarry, CreegbrawseI4



126

A5Map 4


Map 99 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Castle-an-Dinas Quarry Concrete Batching PlantI5





127

M25.3Map 88


Map 100 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Point Mills, BissoeI7





128


Map 101 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Chenoweths, Ruan High LanesI8



129

A6Map 5


Map 102 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Chywoon Quarry Concrete PlantI9





130

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 103 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Hallaze Blockworks, PenwithickI10





131

CottageSunrise

Depot

Gwel Teg

2

3

2

HouseBridon

1

Path (um)

Rossland

MorwennaSundew

Picton

Hagleys

Trenisson

Moorwynd

Fujima

Rose

GP

Wandor

126.5m

1

Mel

ador

Lucknow

Treolwyn

GP

Lewmona

Cottages

Meadowside

Pond

FB

Woodside

Bowling-Green

Lark Rise

Hawthorns

Moonrakers

Lynton

Farnaby

LB

131.1m

Westfield

Pond

Balmacara

Garage

BrackendaleMedacote Lodge

Horseshoe

Track

Haven

Tel-S

tar

ouse

131.7m

Issue

s

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 104 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

Lucknow Road, Bowling GreenI11





132

Coas

tal S

lope

Path

Coastal Slope

MH

& M

LW

Rocks

Rock

Mea

nBo

ulde

rs

Wat

er

Low

MLW

MLW

Rock

Rock

Coas

tal S

lope

Mean

Sand

Rock an

d Shingle

Dean Point

Breakwater

MLW

Rock

Rock

R

Path

(um

)

Rocks

ML

Gabbro)an Quarry

Heap

Path

MoP

Rock

Boulders &

Roc

(dis)

Water

Rock

MHW

MLW

Pond

High

MoPs

A8Map 7


Map 105 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

Dean Quarry WharfI12





133

1

(disused)

Park

Goonvean

Works

d

Industrial

Shaft

Pond

Water

141.6m

CG

Goonvean

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 106 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

Goonvean Blockworks, St AustellI13





134

A2Map 2


Map 107 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Cansford Quarry Concrete Batching PlantI14





135

Ready

Works

Stones

Silos

125.9m

Cottage

Methrose Works

Ironside

Mix Concrete

Littleoaks

125.3m

Drain

WB

Scrap Yard

Moor ViewCarne Cross

Boslowen

125.6m

CARNE CROSS

Collects


Map 108 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

Carne Cross, ParI15




136

I27Map 120

I24Map 117

I17Map 111


Map 109 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Fowey DocksI16





137

Railway

Mean

Conveyor

High

Travelling Conveyor

Mineral W

ater

Travelling Crane

Mud & Shingle

Number 8 Jetty

Conveyor

Coas

tal S

lope

Wiseman's

MLW

Shingle

El Sub Sta

Rock

Colvithick Wood

Conveyor

Stone

Rock

Sl

I16Map 110

I24Map 117


Map 110 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

Fowey Docks SidingI17





138

H9Map 46


Map 111 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Herdbury QuarryI19





139

A12Map 9

M16.2Map 80


Map 112 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Hingston Down Quarry Concrete Batching PlantI20





140


Map 113 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Jabez Concrete, CamelfordI21



141

H22Map 59

BS40Map 33


Map 114 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Kessel Downs Concrete Batching PlantI22





142


Map 115 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Leswidden Block Works, St JustI23



143


Map 117 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Moorswater, LiskeardI25



145

I27Map 120


Map 118 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

East Par China Clay Processing InfrastructureI26





146

Union ShaftUnion ShaftAusten's ShaftsAusten's Shafts


M6.1Map 71

M6.3Map 71

M6.2Map 71

I16Map 110

I26Map 119

I24Map 117

I17Map 111


Map 119 of 127

0 350 700 1,050 1,400 1,750175Metres

Par Docks to Fowey Haul RoadI27



Shafts



CC1China Clay MSA


Map 120 of 127

0 50 100 150 20025Metres

Rocks Siding (Goonbarrow)I29





148

Water

Rock

Path (um)

Pond

WeighbridgeSettling

Rock

Landing Stage

ck

Slipway

Rocks

Path (um)

MLW

MLW

Mean Low Water

MLW

Rock

Conveyors

Conveyors

Mean Low

Water

Coastal Slope

Rock

Coastal Slope

Batty's Point

Porthoustock Point

Hoppers

MLW

(gabro-stone)

Tank

West of England Quarry

Mean

Hoppers

Rock

High

A25Map 14

H23Map 60


Map 121 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

West of England WharfI32





149


Map 122 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Western Blocks, HayleI33



150

I13Map 107

H26Map 63H26

Map 63

H28Map 65

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 123 of 127

0 300 600 900 1,200 1,500150Metres

Burngullow to St Dennis Railway (includes I6, I28 & I30)I34





151

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 124 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Melbur WorksI35





152

CC1China Clay MSA


Map 125 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Wheal Remfry Secondary Aggregate PlantI36





153

Penhill Quarry

Settling Pond

Track

Drain

117.7m

onds

Settling Pond

Tanks

WB

(stone)

15

124.4m

Drai

n

122.5m

Settling Ponds

don Quarry (sand)

Trac

k

A17Map 12


Map 126 of 127

0 50 10025Metres

Pigsdon Quarry Asphalt PlantI37





154


Map 127 of 127

0 50 100 150 200 25025Metres

Falmouth WharfI38



155


Appendix 2ExemptionsFor some types of non-mineral development, the sterilising effect on the mineral resource may be negligible. The following table specifies the circumstances when this applies.

Exemption ListExtensions or alterations to an existing use/building which do not fundamentally change the scale and character of the use/building involved. Applications for householder development within the curtilage of a property. Details submitted as reserved matters unless consultation with the Mineral Planning Authority is specifically requested at the outline stage. Minor developments such as walls, fences, gates, elevational alterations, private gardens or bus shelters. Applications for advertisement control. Applications for works to trees. Applications for temporary planning permission, where the development can be completed and the site restored to a condition that does not inhibit extraction within the timescale that the mineral is likely to be needed.

156


Appendix 23Monitoring FrameworkThe key mechanism by which the policy in the Minerals Safeguarding DPD will be implemented is through the submission and determination of planning applications. To enable the Council to assess whether the Minerals Safeguarding DPD is being implemented effectively and that the Plan’s objective is being met, monitoring will be undertaken through an annual Monitoring Report. Table 3 Monitoring Framework provides the monitoring framework for the Minerals Safeguarding DPD.

Table 3 Monitoring Framework

Policy Indicator Target Trigger for review of Plan/Policy

Policy MS1

Number of planning applications approved contrary to policy

Zero Development sterilises a mineral resource

Number of planning applications approved within Mineral Safeguarding Areas

N/A N/A

Number of mineral planning applications approved outside Mineral Safeguarding Areas

N/A Approval of mineral development outside a Mineral Safeguarding Area.

157


GlossaryAdit – A horizontal opening, entrance or tunnel excavated or driven from the surface to intersect an underground mineral working for the purpose of draining water from the workings.

Active Site – A mineral site defined by Schedule 13 1(1) of the Environment Act 1995 as having mineral development carried out to a substantial extent at any time beginning on 22nd February 1982 and ending on 6th June 1995 by virtue of a planning permission to win and work minerals or to tip mineral waste. A site that operated between these dates but which subsequently closed is still defined as ‘Active’ for the purposes of the Act.

Aggregate – Sand, gravel, crushed rock and other bulk fill materials that are suitable for use in the construction industry as concrete or mortar, or for use as a constructional fill or railway ballast. Primary aggregate is derived from in situ deposits such as quarries. Secondary aggregates are derived from the extraction of primary minerals such as china clay waste.

Aggregates Working Party (AWP) - A group comprising representatives of mineral planning authorities, the minerals industry and other relevant organisations within each region. An AWP oversees aggregates data collection and produces an annual report for its area, and advises on the Local Aggregate Assessments produced by its member MPAs.

Ancillary Operation – Those activities associated with the winning and working of minerals e.g. processing plant.

Batholith – An intrusive mass of igneous rock.

Borehole Log – The record of a drilling activity which indicates the type of material found at various depths and geological horizons.

British Geological Survey (BGS) - A public sector organisation responsible for advising the UK Government on geological matters and providing geological advice to industry, local government, academia and the public.

Building Stone - Stone that is sufficiently consolidated to allow it to be cut or shaped for use as a material for walling, paving or roofing.

Buffer Zone – A buffer around a mineral resource to reduce the risk of incompatible development occurring in close proximity to the mineral resource. Table 1 Mineral Safeguarding Area Buffer Zones sets out the mineral resources to be safeguarded including their associated buffer zones.

China Clay – Powdery white mineral produced by the decomposition of feldspar in granite; this process is known as kaolinisation. Kaolin is another term for china clay.

158


Crushed Rock - Granite, sandstone and igneous rocks which can be mechanically broken for use as aggregates by the construction industry.

County Geology Sites – Formerly referred to as Regionally Important Geological and Geomorphological Sites (RIGS). Sites recognised for their geological or geomorphological importance.

Deposit – A concentration of mineral or sediment in a layer, vein or pocket.

Development Plan Documents (DPD’s) – Documents within the Local Plan which form the statutory plan. Dimension stone – Stone cut to special dimensions, for use in construction. Dormant Site – Defined by the Environment Act 1995 as ‘a mineral site where no mineral development has been carried out to any substantial extent in, on or under the site at any time in the period beginning on 22nd February 1982 and ending on 6th June 1995. A Dormant Site has an extant planning permission, but working cannot recommence until a new scheme of working conditions has been approved by the Mineral Planning Authority.

Heritage Quarry – Quarries which have previously supplied building stone and slate for important historic buildings and structures and which are protected as major long term assets to building conservation. Designated quarries will have supplied stone to prestigious development and contain rock of unique petrology/appearance/physical properties. Heritage Quarries currently have dormant planning permission or no planning permission.

Igneous rock – Rock produced by the cooling of molten magma, characteristically crystalline (e.g. granite).

KaBCA – The Kaolin and Ball Clay Association.

Kaolin – See china clay.

Landbank – A ‘stock’ of permitted reserves of aggregates, required by government minerals policy to enable a steady and continue supply of aggregates, normally for a period of ten years or more.

Local Aggregate Assessment (LAA) - An assessment prepared annually, of the demand for and supply of aggregates in a Mineral Planning Authority’s area. A LAA should include a forecast of aggregates demand, analysis of all supply options, and an assessment of the balance between demand and supply.

Metalliferous Mineral - Naturally occurring minerals that contain a high concentration of metallic elements, including precious, base and rare earth metals.

Mine Shaft – A vertical opening excavated as a means of access to an underground ore body.

Mineral – Defined in planning terms as a rock or other material which has a commercial value for which it may be extracted.

159


Minerals development - development consisting of the winning and working of minerals or involving the depositing of mineral waste.

Mineral Planning Authority (MPA) – The Planning Authority with responsibility for mineral development i.e. Cornwall Council.

Mineral Resource Assessment - An assessment of the presence of mineral resources of current or potential economic value beneath a site being proposed for non-mineral development within a Mineral Safeguarding Area. The assessment should be undertaken by or on behalf of the applicant for the non-mineral development, and should include appraisal of the site’s geology and available mineral exploration data, together with analysis of the potential economic value of the underlying resource and the scope for its extraction. Where warranted by this analysis, it may be necessary for physical site investigation to be undertaken. Applicants are advised to discuss their proposals and evidence requirements in advance with the Mineral Planning Authority and relevant mineral operators.

Minerals Safeguarding Area – an area designated by a Mineral Planning Authority which covers known deposits of minerals which are desired to be kept safeguarded from unnecessary sterilisation by non-mineral development

Non-Minerals Development - Development that is not associated with the winning and working of minerals.

Overriding strategic need - Reason why the site has to be development for this proposal over any alternatives, if such alternatives are available. Establishing an overriding need for non-minerals development is to a degree a matter of judgment but arguably it should not just be a comparison of relative commercial values.

Petrology – The study of minerals.

Primary Aggregates – Naturally occurring sand, gravel and hard rock extracted with the express purpose of being used in the construction industry, as opposed to those which are by-products or waste materials (see secondary aggregates).

Polished Stone Value (PSV) – An indication of the suitability of an aggregate mineral for road surfacing. The higher the value the more resistant the stone is to polishing by the passage of vehicle tyres.

Prior Extraction - the extraction of minerals prior to development taking place.

Reserve – The extractable part of a measured and/or indicated mineral resource that is considered economically viable to extract at a profit.

Resource – Potentially economic mineral that lies in the ground.

160


Secondary Aggregates – Aggregates derived from by-products of the extractive industry, e.g. china clay waste, colliery spoil, blast furnace slag and pulverised fuel ash. They can also be derived from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, e.g. crushed concrete.

Shaft – See Mine Shaft

Sterilisation – When the development of land or a change of use prevents mineral exploitation in the foreseeable future.

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) – Structured evaluation process for assessing the environmental impacts of plan and programmes. SEA is a statutory process.

Supplementary Planning Document – Non-statutory planning guidance related to a Development Plan Document policy, which will form part of the Local Plan.

Sustainability Appraisal (SA) – A process for assessing the impacts of a development in terms of the principles of sustainable development. The methodology for SA is directly comparable to that for SEA and the two are usually performed as a unified assessment process.

Stent – Rocky waste found within clay excavations; unkaolinised granite.

Strategically Important Metals –Comprise the rare earth elements, the platinum group elements and other main group elements of importance to the UK. Of particular importance are those specialist metals that are vital to advanced manufacturing, low carbon technologies and other growing industries.

Strategically important shafts - Shafts and other access points giving access, ventilation and maintenance to important metalliferous resources.

Tin Streaming – Tin working exploiting ore weathered from lodes using water to separate tin from host rock.

Tonne – 1,000 kilograms

Winning - Preparation of land to make a mineral available or accessible to be removed.

Working - Removal of a mineral from its position in or under the land.

World Heritage Site (WHS) - A natural or man-made feature or area of outstanding cultural or natural importance that is identified by UNESCO as meeting at least one of 10 cultural and natural criteria.

161


If you would like this information in another format please contact: Cornwall CouncilCounty HallTreyew RoadTruro TR1 3AYTelephone: 0300 1234 100Email: [email protected]

162