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CRAVEzeroTowards the definition of a nZEB cost spreadsheet as a support tool for the design

Co-funded by the Horizon 2020Framework Programme of the European Union

Roberta Pernetti1, Federico Garzia1, Giulia Paoletti1, Tobias Weiss2

1Institute for Renewable Energy – eurac research, Italy

2AEE INTEC, Austria

2

Time dimension

LCC

Construction

Operation

Maintenance

End-of-Life

Design

SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

CRAVEzeroCost Reduction and market Acceleration for Viable nearly zero-Energy buildings

Initial investment

Calculated yearly energy demandLife Cycle Cost

Data collectionCase studies

01

Life Cycle CostMethodology

02

Spreadsheet04

05

3


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Comparative analysisResults

03 Normalisation 06 Sensitivity analysis


01


02

Spreadsheet04

05

4


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Comparative analysisResults

03 Normalisation 06 Sensitivity analysis

5SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

CRAVEzero nZEB Frontrunner Buildings01 Data CollectionCase studies

Off

ice

Res

iden

tial


01


02

6


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03 Normalisation

Spreadsheet04

05 Comparative analysisResults

06 Sensitivity analysis

7SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

Whole Life Cost(WLC)

Non-constructioncost

Life Cycle Cost(LCC)

Construction Operation Maintenance End-of-Life

Income Externalities

• Phases to be considered• Brakedown of building elements

Main references: ISO 15686-5:2008 + Code of measurement for cost planning

REF: ISO 15686 - Buildings and constructed assets -- Service life planning -- Part 5: Life-cycle costing

EEC Code of Measurement for Cost Planning. https://www.ceecorg.eu/

LCC =

n=1

pCn

1+d n

LCC = NPV (40 years) for the costs associated to

each phase

02 Life Cycle CostMethodology

8SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

Whole Life Cost(WLC)

Non-constructioncost

Life Cycle Cost(LCC)

Construction Operation Maintenance End-of-Life

Income Externalities

• Phases to be considered• Brakedown of building elements

Main references: ISO 15686-5:2008 + Code of measurement for cost planning

REF: ISO 15686 - Buildings and constructed assets -- Service life planning -- Part 5: Life-cycle costing

EEC Code of Measurement for Cost Planning. https://www.ceecorg.eu/

LCC =

n=1

pCn

1+d n

LCC = NPV (40 years) for the costs associated to

each phase

02 Life Cycle CostMethodology


01


02

9


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03 Normalisation

Spreadsheet04



10

Construction costs:Cost index from

http://constructioncosts.eu

Energy costs:Average prices from Eurostat

Climate conditions:Heating degree days

Building surface:Gross floor area

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03 Normalisation

11

Construction costs:Cost index from

http://constructioncosts.eu

Energy costs:Average prices from Eurostat

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03 Normalisation

Construction Cost Index

France 103.87%

Austria 100.67%

Germany 96,62 %

Italy 91,63 %

Sweden 134,19 %

Climate conditions:Heating degree days

Building surface:Gross floor area


01


02

12


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03 Normalisation



Spreadsheet04

13

General project information Whole Life Cost Construction cost

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05 LCC Spreadsheet CRAVEzero nZEB spreadsheet

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05

Section 1: Investment cost• Share for design/materials/labour• Design cost (preliminary, etc.)• Cost for materials and labour• Brakedown for building elements

Section 2: Life Cycle Cost• Yearly LCC• Brakedown for life cycle phases• Energy and maintenance

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LCC Spreadsheet CRAVEzero nZEB spreadsheet


01


02

15


03 Normalisation

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Spreadsheet04


5%

49%

12%

32%2%

Design Construction Energy Maintenance Other

16

06

LCC breakdown LCC breakdown – average

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Comparative Analysis

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Gre

enH

om

e

Hél

iades

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ari

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rré

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re

Iso

laA

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laB

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lallé

n

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d

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Sch

ertl

er

Design cost Cost of materialsLabor cost Net energy consumedMaintenance cost Building site management

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

GreenHome…

Hél

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-Res

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Building envelope cost Building structure cost

Building services cost RES cost

Other cost

17

06

Correlation between energy cost and U-value Construction cost breakdown

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Comparative Analysis

GreenHomeHéliades

Alizari

NHTirol Parkcarré

More

IsolaAIsolaB

Solallén

VälaGård

Aspern

Schertler

R² = 0.56

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0.03 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.16 0.19 0.22 0.25 0.29 0.32

En

ergy

cost

[€

/m

2]

U-value [W/(m2K)]


01


02

18


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03 Normalisation

Spreadsheet04



19SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

% M

ain

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ace

- C

on

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% M

ain

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- H

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2,450

2,500

2,550

2,600

2,650

2,700

2,750

2,800

% M

ain

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LC

C [

€/m

2]

Max Min Baseline

Figure 1. Sensitivity index (s%) of boundary and

assumptions – Résidence Alizari.

Figure 2. LCC variability according to the variations

of boundaries and assumptions – Résidence Alizari.

04 Sensitivity AnalysisCase study: Résidence Alizari

20

Conclusions and Further Development

SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

• An operative methodology for an EU-wide evaluation of life cycle cost.

• Overview of the main results for 11 exemplary case studies was reported…

• …providing useful benchmarks for nZEB comparison and increasing the reliability of LCC.

o Starting point for the development of an effective LCC tool (beta version available at cravezero.eu).

o The broad application of the LCC analysis can foster the market uptake of nZEBs, highlighting the

cost-effectiveness and benefits during the life cycle.

21

www.cravezero.eu

Thank you!

[email protected]

SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

22

References

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o EPBD recast-European Commission. Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2010/31. EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of. 2010;19.

o ISO ISO. 15686-5: Buildings and Constructed Assets-Service-Life Planning-Part 5: Life-Cycle Costing. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization

for Standardization. 2008.

o CEEC. Code of Measurement for Cost Planning. n.d. https://www.ceecorg.eu/. Accessed July 2018.

o Dwaikat LN, Ali KN. Green buildings life cycle cost analysis and life cycle budget development: Practical applications. Journal of Building Engineering.

2018;18:303–11.

o Kirk SJ, Dell'Isola AJ. Life cycle costing for design professionals; 1995.

o FRED Economic Data. Interest Rates, Discount Rate for Euro Area. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/INTDSREZQ193N. Accessed July, 2018.

o Feist W, Pfluger R, SCHNEIEDERS J, Kah O, Kaufman B, Krick B, et al. Passive House Planning Package Version 7. Darmstadt: Rheinstrabe, Germany.

2012.

o Eurostat. Electricity prices for households in the European Union 2010-2017, semi-annually. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. Accessed in July, 2018.

o EN 15459-1:2017 Energy performance of buildings–economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings - Part 1: calculation procedure May

2017.

o European Construction Costs. Cost Index. http://constructioncosts.eu/cost-index/. Accessed July 2018.

o Ecofys. U-values For Better Energy Performance Of Buildings. https://www.ecofys.com/en/. Accessed July 2018.

o Di Giuseppe E, Iannaccone M, Telloni M, D’Orazio M, Di Perna C. Probabilistic life cycle costing of existing buildings retrofit interventions towards nZE

target: Methodology and application example. Energy and Buildings. 2017;144:416–32.

o Langdon D. Life cycle costing (LCC) as a contribution to sustainable construction: A common methodology. Literature Review, Davis Langdon

Management Consulting. 2007.

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05 LCC spreadsheetCRAVEZero nZEB spreadsheet

ExampleCase StudyParkcarré(K&M)

Normalised gross surface

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04 LCC Case Study analysisComparative analysis – case studies

Design cost (% - €/m2) Investment/maintenance €/m2

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04 LCC Case Study analysisComparative analysis – case studies

Breakdown of investment cost for construction element

SBE19 – 12. SEPT 2019

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