COSMIC WEATHER, ATMOSPHERIC NANOAEROSOLS,

and HUMAN HEALTH

A.A. Lushnikov, Yu.S. Lyubovtseva, V.A. Zagaynov, and A.D. Gvishiani

Geophysical Center of RAS, Moscow,Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Moscow

RIGHT AFTER THE SUN FLARE

COMING UP

• Introduction• Cosmic weather and electrical state of the

atmosphere• Nanoaerosols, where are they from?• Ion - aerosol interactions and cloud

formation: from nanos to CCN• Nanos – interactions with human

organisms• Concluding remarks

INTRODUCTION:ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS

• Clusters (size<1 nm)

• Nanoparticles (1 -- 50nm)

• Submicron particles (50 – 100nm)

• Micron particles (100 – 1000 nm)

• Coarse particles (>1000nm)

Cosmic rays induced aerosol is coming up

COSMIC RAYS

ATMOSPHERIC IONS

NUCLEATION

CONDENSATION

COAGULATION

CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI

CLOUDS

Full model of aerosol formation

NUCLEATION BURST

0 2 4 6 8 100

nucleation threshold

no nucleation burst

nucleation burst

TIME

CO

NC

EN

TR

AT

ION

OF

NU

CL

EA

TIN

F V

AP

OR

Nucleation rate vs negative ion concentration

0 1 2 3 4 50

1

2

3

4

5

6

negative ion concentration

nu

cle

atio

n r

ate

NUCLEATION BURST

TIME

SIZ

E

NUCLEATION BURST

TIME

SIZ

E

Condensation: transport from carrier gas

Diffusion zone

Kinetic zone

R>>l

a

R

Characteristic lengths

• Ion mean free path• Coulomb’s length

)65( nmllc

kT

elc

2

lcl

Tv

Dl

2

STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS

CONCLUDING REMARKS

• From cosmic rays to clouds is one of the most important processes. The very existence of life is not possible without aerosols.

• Cosmic weather is the important factor that exerts formation of secondary aerosols in the atmosphere

NUCLEATION RATES

RATE OF CHARGE FORMATION

ANGSTROM EXPONENT and CN PRODUCTION

AE and CN CONCENTRATIONS

SOLAR ACTIVITY and AEROSOLS

Charge enhances condensational growth

Ion induced nucleation I

Ion induced nucleation II

Listvyanka 11.07.2004

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

19:59 21:04 22:11 23:18Time

1/cm3

DIURNAL VARIATIONS OF PARTICLE NUMBER CONCENTRATION (lake Baikal)

Particle size distribution

Ion induced nucleation III

Ion induced nucleation IV

Mondy station. 27.07.03 Mondy 27.07.2004

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0:01 2:04 4:07 6:10 8:13 10:16 12:36 15:10 17:15 19:31 21:35 23:52

Time

1/сm3