cost effective housing

8/10/2019 Cost Effective Housing

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Submitted by :

Jaikishan patel

Piyush Lilwani

Sachin Pandya

Sanjay Bhadani

Zubin Choksi



• Introduction

• Different Building Techniques

•

Techniques to reduce cost from area• Materials used

• Constructed techniques adopted

• Materials used in low cost building• Laurie Baker



+ Low cost housing refers to houses that are

inexpensive to build. IT doesn't mean that the houses

will be inexpensive to live in.

+ Less the house costs to build, the more energy it

tends to waste, leading to much higher utility bills.

+ The goal of low-cost housing is to save money while

also maintaining buildings quality.

+ Following Properties Reduces Cost Construction:

•

Locally available materials .•Improved skills and technology.

•Without sacrificing the strength, performance and life

of the structure.

+ Low cost housing is done by proper management of

resources as well as by utilizing cheap buildingmaterials.



1. Recycling

2. Extensive Planning

3. Modular Planning

4. Infilling



•In extensive planning, the more planning goes

into a house, the less the actual construction

will cost.

•

Contractors should plan out exact dimensions.

•Contractors should gather facts.

•Contractors should look for the best materials

at the cheapest prices so they can order exactly

what they need.This saves money that would otherwise be

wasted on unnecessary supplies and cleanup

caused by littered materials.

• Most houses are built as quickly as possible

without this detailed planning beforehand.



+ Modular building is a type of construction

where pieces of the home or typically whole

rooms or major parts of rooms ,are built off-site

in large factories.

+ This process allows the pieces to be builtefficiently and exactly according to building

standards.

+ At the site, the pieces are connected to the

house.

+ Owners can typically choose how many

modular rooms they want.+ Since materials aren't assembled on-site,

owners save money on construction time,

including the time it would take to clear away the

construction debris.

+ Owners also save money on construction

financing interest if they're using a constructionloan.



• Infilling is the practice of going back

through residential areas and building in

areas that had previously been left

empty.

• Now its possible to build on because of

resolved environmental concerns, space

issues or other problems that have since

been remedied.

• Infilling makes better use of existing

space.

• It is less expensive for contractors

overall



1) Reduce plinth area by using thinner wallconcept.

2) Use locally available material in an innovativeform like soil cement blocks in place of burntbrick.

3) Use energy efficiency materials whichconsumes less energy like concrete block inplace of burnt brick.

4) Use environmentally friendly materials whichare substitute for conventional buildingcomponents like use R.C.C. Door and windowframes in place of wooden frames.

5) Preplan every component of a house andrationalize the design procedure for reducingthe size of the component in the building.

6) By planning each and every component of ahouse the wastage of materials due todemolition of the unplanned component of thehouse can be avoided.

• Interlock house build at

Vallikkunnu panchayath,

Malappuram District, Kerala.

• Won the 2010 "Parpidam Best

Home Award"

•

Construction cost of this houseis 3 lakh



Different types of Material could be use like:-

It is made of mud stabilized with 5% cement/lime etc. andcompacted in block making machine with no burning. A good walling

material as burnt bricks and is economical, stronger, energy saving andsimple to manufacture.

It is much stronger with less water absorption and cheaperthan cement stabilized blocks. With 5 to 10% flyash- G, 30% savingin cement could be achieved in addition to utilization of the wasteproduct like flyash.



Produced from alumina red mud or bauxite, an industrial

waste of aluminum producing plants in combination with clay.Posses all the physical properties of normal clay bricks and

solves the problem of disposal of the waste product and

environmental pollution. In addition, they have good

architectural value as facing bricks due to their pleasing hues

of color.



It is made to similar dimension of stone blocks without

large size stone pieces, but using coarse and fine gradedcement. They have excellent properties comparable to other

masonry blocks, are cheaper and facilitate speedy

construction and especially suitable where quality clay for

bricks making is not available.



• Bamboo

• Straw

• Cored wood

• Rammed Earth

• Pressed Earth blocks

• Wattle and daub

• Stone



No. Material /

Technology

On-site preparation and

construction

Inference

1 Bamboo • It does not need any

manufacturing in factories.

• Preparation on the site

involves only the cutting of

bamboo to obtain desiredlengths.

• No skilled labour is required

to handle bamboo.

• Any learned mason can teach

another mason how to deal

with the material.

• There is versatility in

construction.

• Since there is no particular

sort of manufacturing or

preparing required forbamboo, money at that

part is saved.

• Construction period is also

short.

• Thus construction cost is

reduced by 30-35%.



No. Material /

Technology


construction

Inference

2 Straw For preparing a straw bale

wall, bundle of straw tightly

bound with twine or wire.

Bales are commonly finished

with plaster. Row of straw bales are

stacked one on top of the

other (often in running-bond)

on a raised footing

or foundation.

Straw is an abundant

agricultural waste product.

Requires little energy to

bale and transport for

construction. Stacking of the bales take

very less time.

Saves in construction cost

by 30%.



No. Material /

Technology


construction

Inference

3 Cored wood • Logs are cut on site to

desired length.

• They are laid with consistent

mortar gaps protruding no

more than 1 inch on theinside and outside.

• A layer of mortar is spread

and then insulation poured in

between. Then more logs

follow on top.

• It is an economical use for

log ends or fallen trees in

heavily timbered areas.

• Constuction is very fast.

•

Construction cost isreduced by 20%



No. Material /

Technology


construction

Inference

4 Rammed earth • Two parallel planks are held

firmly apart by metal rods

and clips or bolts, or by-small

crosspieces of wood.

•

Stiff mud is thrown inbetween these two planks

and rammed down with

either a wooden or metal

ramrod.

• The use of mud reduces

the cost of the wall by 15%



No. Material /

Technology


construction

Inference

5 Pressed earth blocks • On site Machine Compressed

blocks.

• using a small amount of

stabilizer.

• Hard physical work is

required in making blocks.

• But time for making the

blocks is less.

•

so cost is reduced by 10%.



No. Material /

Technology


construction

Inference

6 Wattle and daub • Strips of bamboo made first

as a framework.

• Then simply covered with

plaster and the wall is ready.

• It is fast and therefore

inexpensive.

• There is not much material

cost involved.

•

neither is labour intensive.• Cost of wall is reduced by

20-25%.



No. Material /

Technology


construction

Inference

7 Stone • Walls are made by randomly

placing stone and not

following any particular

course.

•Smaller stones may be used inareas where the natural stone

shape is rounded.

• This can be done very fast

and the wall is complete in

minutes.

• This saves 30-40% of the

money.



1. Foundation

2. Wall3. Lintel

4. Roof

5. Door and

windows



+ The foundation cost comes to about 10 to 15% of

the total building

+It is adopted for single or double storey building.

+ It is recommended to adopt a foundation depth of 2

ft.(0.6m) for normal soil like gravely soil, red soils etc.

+ We should use the uncoursed rubble masonry with

the bond stones and good packing.

+To avoid cracks formation in foundation the masonry

shall be thoroughly packed with cement mortar of 1:8

boulders and bond stones at regular intervals.

+ Suggested to adopt arch foundation in ordinary soil

for effecting reduction in construction cost up to 40%.

+ This kind of foundation will help in bridging the

loose pockets of soil which occurs along the

foundation.

+ In the case black cotton and other soft soils it is

recommend to use under ream pile foundation whichsaves about 20 to 25% in cost over the conventional



•Wall thickness of 6 to 9″ is recommended for adoption

in the construction of walls all-round the building and

41/2 ” for inside walls.

•It is suggested to use burnt bricks which are immersed

in water for 24 hours and then shall be used for the

walls.• Making use of Rat – trap bond wall & Concrete block

wall.

* It is a cavity wall construction and leads to reduction

in the quantity of bricks required for masonry work.

* By adopting this method of bonding of brick masonry

compared to traditional English or Flemish bond

masonry, it is possible to reduce in the material cost of

bricks by 25% and about 10to 15% in the masonry cost.

* By adopting rat-trap bond method one can create

aesthetically pleasing wall surface and plastering can

be avoided.



•In view of high energy consumption by burnt

brick it is suggested to use concrete block

which consumes about only 1/3 of the energyof the burnt bricks in its production.

•By using concrete block masonry the wall

thickness can be reduced from 20 cms to 15

Cms.

* Concrete block masonry saves mortar

consumption, speedy construction of wall

resulting in higher output of labour, plastering

can be avoided thereby an overall saving of 10

to 25% can be achieved.



• The traditional R.C.C. lintels which are

costly can be replaced by brick arches for

small spans and save construction costup to 30 to 40% over the traditional

method of construction.

•

By adopting arches of different shapes agood architectural pleasing appearance

can be given to the external wall

surfaces of the brick masonry.



• Normally 5" thick R.C.C. slabs is used for roofing ofresidential buildings.

• By adopting rationally designed construction practices likefiller slab and precast elements the construction cost ofroofing can be reduced by about 20 to 25%.

• Filler slabs * They are normal RCC slabs where bottom half (tension)concrete portions are replaced by filler materials such as

bricks, tiles, cellular concrete blocks, etc* These filler materials are so placed as not to compromise

structural strength, result in replacing unwanted andnonfunctional tension concrete, thus resulting in economy.

* These are safe, sound and provide aesthetically pleasingpattern ceilings and also need no plaster.



• Plantation timber styleswith particle board inserts.

• Medium density fiber boarddoors.

• Cement bonded particleboard

• Plantation timber style withrice husk board inserts

• Red mud polymer paneldoors.

• Ferrocement doors

• Polyvinyl chloride doorspanels.



Bamboo mat board

Coir composite board Jute polyester composite

Bamboo laminated composite Cement bonded particle board

Bamboo mat veneer composite



•This is Baker’s home in Trivandrum.

• Unique house built on a plot of land

along the slope of a rocky hill, with

limited access to water.

•

Baker’s genius has created a wonderfulhome for his family.

•Material used from unconventional

sources.

• Family eats in kitchen.

• Electricity wiring is not concealed



•Made Use of BRICK JALLIS.

• Effective way to minimize your electricitybills.

• Built In Furniture For The Hamlet.



BUILDING MATERIAL:

+ RECYCLED Wood from traditional demolished

building.



+ All materials are used in their natural form, exposed brick work,

mortar, concrete shows the truthfulness of materials.

+ Baker’s loves to material in their natural form.



Surface treatment was done by

Using Waste Materials



QUALITY OF SPACES



• According to Baker, fans and lamps can be avoided through appropriate planning.

•In india there is sunlight all round the year, which means that if water is stored in the

southern part of the house, hot water can be made available.

•Garbage can be recycled.

•

Only a person like baker has the courage for this, because his motive is not just to makemoney



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cost effective housing

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