costis dallas 2013 - digital curatorship - onto-epistemological considerations and implications for...
DESCRIPTION
In this talk, I introduce digital curatorship as a situated practice encompassing all aspects of meaning-making work, as scholarly and lay communities engage with information, in interactions spanning the divide between “raw” data and epistemic objects, driven by contextually-dependent motives and goals, and mediated by diverse knowledges, competencies and norms, as well as by the affordances of digital environments, tools and services in institutional settings and, increasingly, “in the wild”. Based on recent and ongoing work on scholarly e- infrastructures and on digital repositories for cultural heritage in the context of the DARIAH-EU, CARARE, LoCloud, Europeana Cloud and ARIADNE projects, I argue that requirements for digital curatorship call for a radical rethinking on how knowledge objects are represented, curated and managed in cultural information systems such as scholarly e-repositories, museum digital collections and cultural heritage metadata aggregators, on the basis of onto-epistemological considerations that heed their culturally contingent, agency oriented, and dynamic nature. In this context, I present aspects of recent curation-aware cultural information systems, and I examine critically some emerging issues for future work.TRANSCRIPT
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Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
Digital curatorshipOnto-epistemological considerations
and implications for cultural information systems
Costis DallasDirector of Museum Studies & Associate Professor
Faculty of InformationUniversity of Toronto
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Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
What constitutes an epistemicallyadequate digital representation of
(material or intangible) cultural heritage?
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Representing objects
The standard model in material culture disciplines and cultural heritage documentation
Based on an object ontology
Attested in historical context
Foundation of current documentation standards
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Object information in museums
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Object catalogue cards
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Computerisation: IRGMA catalogue cards (1976)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Object documentation standards for museums
Conceptual Descriptions for Works of Art (CDWA)
Cataloguing Cultural Objects
CIDOC object documentation standard
SPECTRUM categories
.
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Information structure: CCO groups
Object Naming Creator Information Physical Characteristics Stylistic, Cultural and Chronological Information Location and Geography Subject Class Description View Information
(Baca et al. 2006)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Object-centred knowledge practices in museums
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Conceptualising musealia
Museological objects (van Mensch) Four levels of data
Structural properties Functional properties Context Significance
Idealist waterfall object model Conceptual identity: the idea of the maker Factual identity: the object in life history Actual identity: the object now
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Elliots analysis grid for object description
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Formal representations of cultural heritage objects
LoCloud and ARIADNE projects
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Representing cultural objects: background
CIDOC CRM (Conceptual Reference Model) CARARE Connecting Archaeology and
Architecture with Europeana project Definition of an XML schema for archaeological and
architectural monuments and their representations (CARARE Schema v. 1.0)
Mapping of CARARE Schema to the Europeana Data Model (EDM)
3D-ICONS - 3D Digitisation of Icons of Architectural and Archaeological Heritage Extension of the CARARE Schema to cover the
representation of 3D architectural models (v. 2.0)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
CARARE to EDM mapping: monuments and their representations
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
CARARE to EDM mapping: ORE aggregations
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Representing cultural objects: current and future work
LoCloud Local Content in an Europeana Cloud (2013-2015) Formal representation and metadata mapping of cultural
resources from Wikimedia and social media contexts Conceptual modeling of domain knowledge on historic and
vernacular names, places and locations using SKOS
ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Datasets Networking in Europe
(2013-2016) Individuation, mereology and emergent classification of
archaeological monuments Conceptualizing and representing artefact and monument
descriptions, and archaeological reports, as knowledge objects
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Rethinking object representation
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Why are representations important?
Current documentation practice is highly relevant to future epistemic adequacy of object-related information
Although they appear to be mere technicalities to some, metadata take on a central importance in the production of scientific theories in the degree to which they condition access to data, guarantee their integrity and delimit their interpretative uses (Millerand & G. C Bowker, 2007)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On fixity
The Ise Shinto shrine
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
The Zimbabwe bush pump
A fluid object (de Leet & Mol)
Made for continuous modification and repair
A mutable mobile (Mol, Law)
Cf. immutable mobiles (Latour)
Cultural objects as mutable mobiles
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On individuation
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On reflexivity
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Objects from the field to the lab
Primacy of engagement with material objects, their traces and spatial-topological configurations
Field notes, log books, inventories
Illustration, visualisation, surrogation
Archaeology at the trowels edge
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Objects and kinds
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
How fast and hard is the separation between objects and kinds?
David Clarkes artefact-type-assemblage model
A cultural object as instantiation of a type
Problem cases
A silkscreen print by Picasso
A digital surrogate of a photograph of a site
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Pablo Picasso, Silkscreen for Yuri Gagarin
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Fred Boissonas, Acropolis (1903)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Thick description as emergent classification
Identifications as relations between objects and kinds
Constitution of kinds through description
Constitution of objects in classifications
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Cultural categories as interactive kinds
I want to focus not on the children but on the classification, those kinds of children, fidgety, hyperactive, attention-deficient. They are interactive kinds. [...] Interactive is a new concept that applies not to people but to classifications, to kinds, to the kinds that can influence what is classified. And because kinds can interact with what is classified, the classification itself may be modified or replaced (Hacking 2000)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Kindful objects
This sculpture from the Parthenonshows a Centaur rearing triumphantlyover a dying human Lapith. This focuson human suffering epitomises the intense humanism of Greek art. The sculpture also represents Greece'sstruggle to resist being absorbed intothe Persian Empire. The Greeks had a strong notion of their own identityand regarded the Persians asbarbarians like the Centaurs. The Parthenon was completed in 432 BC on the site of an earlier unfinishedtemple destroyed by the Persians(British Museum 2010)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Object-actor networks
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
From objects to things
Assembly drawing is how engineers call the invention of the blueprint. But the word assembly sounds odd once the shuttle has exploded []. They are now provided with an exploded view of a highly complex technical object. But what has exploded is our capacity to understand what objects are when they have become Ding. [] Its only after the explosion that everyone realized the shuttles complex technology should have been drawn with the NASA bureaucracy inside of it []. The object, the Gegenstand, may remain outside of all assemblies but not the Ding. [] What are the various shapes of the assemblies that can make sense of all those assemblages? (Latour, 2005)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
On object agency
Efficacious objects (Gell)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Missed opportunity
The extra checks were made in an atmospherehaunted by a tragic missed opportunity []. Investigators say a piece of Columbia's broken heatshield panel shook loose during some thrusterfirings on the day after launch and drifted off intospace. For many minutes, the debris was wellwithin range of the shuttles cameras and the crewmembers eyeballs but nobody noticed [] The piece was tracked by sensors around the world, atsuch precision that its shape and mass could beestimated. It matched a broken-off, curved panelwith supporting ribs [] Had the object been seen, many flight controllers now feel, enough suspicionwould have been raised to look more closely for heat shield damage. (NASA website)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Where does Columbia belong?
In the domain of material objects Subsumed in its mereological, and topological-
compositional, material structure? I.e., as a complex spatial (possibly also temporal) configuratio?
Subsumed in its functional structure? I.e., as a complex cause-and-effect configuration
In the domain of ideas An analogical model, diagram, blueprint, or description Other conceptual representations, e.g. a process model
In the domain of events A sequence of transitions and/or states A narrative, or biography
In the domain of categories
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Adopting the intentional stance vis--vis cultural objects
We adopt the intentional stance toward someone (or something) when we predict its behavior on the basis of what it would do if it had beliefs, desires, and intentions, while leaving open the possibility that it does not, in fact, have them (Appiah 2003)
Cultural biography of objects
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Things beyond objects
Objects become things, that is, when matters of fact give way to their complicated entanglements and become matters of concern(Latour, 2005)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Eventful objects
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
How to create an epistemically adequate representation of the Yalta photograph?
What is it? A photograph, with specific material, technical and other
properties
Published in a specific historical and interpretive context
Where does it come from? Who shot it, how it came to be in our disposal..
What does it show? Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin, others, chairs, a table, a room..
Properties of the scene represented: state conference, at Livadia palace, Yalta, between 11-14 February 1944
A event, i.e., a meeting between people, objects and information in time and space
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Some conceptual problems with representing this photograph of the Yalta conference
What are the boundaries of the photograph? The blind man stick problem
Is what takes place in Yalta a structure of events, of objects, or (also) something else? Mental events: motives, plans, intentions
Causes, effects, purposes?
In general, how can we usefully think of events?
Is the Yalta conference the same event for Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill, you and me? Intentionality
Context
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
What boundaries for a cultural object?
The Yalta agreement
Where should we cut the network? Physical document
Also text
Also entities and relations about agreement terms
Also background, preparatory documents
Also entities and relations about outcomes
where do we stop?
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Speaking of events
Objects, which can be collected or represented, may exist as evidence associated with events: bloodstains on the carpet, perhaps, or a footprint in the sand; There may well be representations of the event itself: photos, newspaper reports, memoirs. Such documents can be stored and retrieved; and, also, Events can, to some extent, be created or recreated. [] Since an event [in experimental science] cannot be stored and since accounts of the results are no more than hearsay evidence, the feasibility of reenacting the experiment so that the validity of the evidence, of the information, can be verified is highly desirable. (Buckland, 1991)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Metaschema of the CIDOC CRM
participate in
Actors
Types
Conceptual Objects
Physical Entities
Temporal Entities
affect or / refer to
refer to / refine
location
at PlacesTime-Spans
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
The Yalta Conference acc. CIDOC CRM (Doerrand others, various publications)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Eventful objects, objectful events
A possible formalization Representing objects as star graphs, through
their participation in events (biographical, other)
An alternative approach Representing objects as meetings between
events
Both objects and events bestowed with primary ontological status
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Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
Adding value to the archaeological record: on archaeological
curatorship
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Information objects in archaeological curatorship
Sites, artefacts and texts Excavation logs, personal notes, museum
catalogues, photographs, sketches, plans, historical-philological sources
Their event histories, actors, and relations Cf. artefact analysis research (McClung Fleming,
Pearce, Prown..)
Scholarly identifications, retroductive descriptions, narratives, interpretations, theories
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Artefact description: orientation, segmentation, differentiation (Gardin 1967)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Interpretation at the trowels edge
As the trowel moves over the ground it responds to changes in texture and colour, but always in a way informed by a particular perspective. The knowledge of the archaeologist influences the way in which the site is dug. (Hodder 1999)
If archaeological interpretation starts at the trowels edge [] it is because, in the context of archaeological excavation, the trowel, more than a tool for digging, becomes a boundary artefact that inhabits simultaneously the realms of pragmatic and epistemic action [] participating in the processes by which archaeological brains make up their minds (Malafouris, 2004)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Archaeological fieldwork as activity framework: pointing, tracing, highlighting
Instead of offering a neutral description of phenomena beingtreated as clearly visible on the surface being examined, thischaracterization of the color stain proposes a theory about no longervisible agents or processes that might have caused such a pattern, i.e., the stripe was made by a plow moving through the dirt. (Goodwin 2003)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Dirt, colour classification and recording (Goodwin 2010)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Archaeological vision
Despite the rigorous way in which a tool such as this one structuresperception of the dirt beingscrutinized, finding the correctcategory is not an automatic oreven an easy task. [] The colorpatches on the chart are glossy, while the dirt never is [] Moreover, the colors being evaluatedfrequently fall between the discretecategories provided by the Munsellchart. Two students at the fieldschool looking at exactly the samedirt and reference colors can and dodisagree as to how it should beclassified (Goodwin 1993).
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Archaeological reports
The typical layout of a report is rather similar from one country to another. A report consists of a description of investigation process, a survey of related literature and an interpretation of the results of the investigation. The description is followed by a catalogue of finds unearthed during the project, a list of photographs, plans, drawings and samples. The most important findings are often summarised in a separate short introductory chapter in the beginning of the report. (Huvila, 2008)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Fluidity in cataloguing
We need to incorporate fluidity in the cataloguing model itself [] The record should model the document as a series of transition events, and should describe the nature of the events, the agents responsible for the events, and the times and places of those change events (Carl Lagoze on the Harmony project / ABC ontology).
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Thick description
Geertz, after Ryle Whats the difference between twitching, winking, parodying?
the point is that between what Ryle calls the "thin description" of what the rehearser (parodist, winker, twitcher . . .) is doing ("rapidly contracting his right eyelids") and the "thick description" of what he is doing ("practicing a burlesque of a friend faking a wink to deceive an innocent into thinking a conspiracy is in motion") lies the object of ethnography: a stratified hierarchy of meaningful structures in terms of which twitches, winks, fake-winks, parodies, rehearsals of parodies are produced, perceived, and interpreted, and without which they would not [..] in fact exist, no matter what anyone did or didn't do with his eyelids
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Inscription as archaeological thick description
A hypothetical site section (5a), and (5b) its hermeneutic matrix, [..] illustrating the temporality of each individual cut, fill ordeposit, processes and/orpractices, and the activereworking of certain contexts. [] the horizontal zones are a relative evaluation of longevity, derived from the total number of steps on the matrix. They are notbased on information from 14C or material culture dates. However, such information couldbe incorporated at a post-excavation stage. (Chadwick 2003)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Making archaeological facts
Facts as informed reports on thing cultures Archaeological objects: descriptions,
identifications, classifications, attributions
Object types: functional, morphological, cultural-historical
Events: periods, actions, states, causes, motives...
Assemblages, sites, archaeological cultures
Concepts, ideas, propositions
Properties, relations
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Studying scholarly practices and digital research methods
EHRI, DARIAH-EU, ARIADNE & Europeana Cloud projects
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Studying scholarly practice and needs in EU research projects: background
Semi-structured interviews in the Preparing DARIAH project (Digital Curation Unit-IMIS, Athena Research Centre, Greece)
Mixed methods research in EHRI, based on: Researcher questionnaire survey (N: 277; DCU,
Greece)
15 semi-structured interviews with researchers (DCU, Greece)
20 semi-structured interviews with archivists (KCL, UK; NIOD, Netherlands)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Scholarly Research Activity Model
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Scholarly information activity as curation at the source
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Activity theory
Activity: purposeful interaction of a subject with the world
Directed toward an object, a physical or conceptual entity embodying the fulfilment of some objective or motive, intended to meet a specific need of the subject
Activity systems are composed as a hierarchy of activities, constituted by conscious actions, which in turn are constituted by sub-conscious operations
Subjects can be individuals, but also communities of practice, sharing needs and motives
Activities take place by means of tool mediation, which include both physical and cognitive mediational artefacts
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Activities-actions-operations
Source: Wilson (2006)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
A scholarly curation continuum
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Issues
What is the scope of information objects curated in the scholarly research process?
What is the relation between data and scholarly objects?
What is the structure of scholarly research activity, and what does it entail?
How do workflows look like, and how fixed are they?
How serialised, and how granular, are scholarly primitives?
What is the relationship between information seeking and curation, as part of scholarly activity?
When is curation enacted in the scholarly activity lifecycle, and by whom?
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Co-evolution of facts and domain knowledge
As far as possible I use established terms as clearly as I can. I would rather try to describe what Im looking at and see how it sits within the framework of discussion in the literature. I think if you have to call a new term you could have to be really sure what you are doing. [] Where one does have to create a new term it needs to be glossed with the kind of definition that you hope will then get into the secondary literature in its own right (UK archaeologist, quoted in Benardou et al. 2010)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
A messy view of the research process
Developing a hunch, or liking some stuff
Describing this stuff, or the hunch, quite naively
Re-expressing it in terms of a (middle-range) theory
Aha! So, we do have a theory to start with?
Seeking confirmation
Writing up
Looking up at more stuff, and going around in circles
More writing up
Publishing
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Information process factors (Bearman and Trant, 2005)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Scholarly primitives as curatorial activity-centred relations
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
The scope of thing-centred knowledge
[I]deas and not just things alone also lie at the heart of the museum enterprise. Reality is neither objects alone nor simply ideas about objects but, rather, the two taken together [] Unless we can understand the intellectual framework through which we perceive an object, and unless we more fully understand the various intellectual frameworks through which the members of our public might themselves in turn perceive that same object, how can we ever truly hope to be in communication? (Weil 1990)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Schematisations of epistemic constructs (Gardin 2002)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
How an archaeological site remembers its facts (after Goodwin)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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From objects to theories
categorical knowledge,domain knowledge,
theories, classifications,ontologies
things in the world
identifications, descriptions, facts
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Digital curation vs. digital curatorship
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Descriptive : prescriptiveactivity : procedure
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Digital curatorship
The network of knowledges, norms, motives and goals shaping curatorial activity
It privileges the role of the actor: the scholar, the visitor, the community
It identifies a third pillar in the structure of activity systems, beside the domain of objects and the domain of processes:
the domain of agency
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Scholarly activity meta-domains
Scholarly activity
Epistemic agency
Epistemic objects
Epistemic process
Ep
iste
mo
log
y
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Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
Digital infrastructures as tools for digital curatorship
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Curation-aware metadata repositories
LoCloud, ARIADNE
and DARIAH-EU
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Curation-aware cultural information systems: background
Evidence-based specifications for a curation-aware research repository
Preparing DARIAH and EHRI projects
MoRe: Monument Repository
Developed for the CARARE project
OAIS-compliant architecture
OAI-PMH aggregator and server
Metadata mapping and enrichment
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Monument Repository data flow
Mapping toolContent
Providers
Repository
SIP
Define Mapping
Native XML
Checks
Structural
Well-formedness
Integrity
Enrich
AIP
Versioning
Europeana
Mapping AIP
EDM(selected data)
Native, CARARE, Mapping, Provider & item admin info(package independence)
EDM
RDF
CARARE
Negotiation for acceptance
AIP
DIP
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
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Element & attribute clean/filling
9898
001
http://acropolis.gr/001.tifftiff
AcropolisAthensGreece
Acropolis, Athens, Greece
IMAGE
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Spatial transform
9999
EPSG:28992
point
121821; 487476
Check coordinate system:spatialReferenceSystem : EPSG:28992
Transform WGS84 :52.374154418236424.899978444680552
Check if X/Y Lat/Lon or
Lon/Lat
Check if the monument is located in the country that is described in the record (country code = NL)
121821487476
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CARARE Record 1
heritageAsset ID: H-1
digitalResource ID: D-1
digitalResource ID: D-2
digitalResource ID: D-3
CARARE Record 2
heritageAsset ID: H-2
digitalResource ID: D-4
digitalResource ID: D-1
digitalResource ID: D-5
CARARE Record 3
heritageAsset ID: H-3
digitalResource ID: D-1
digitalResource ID: D-5
digitalResource ID: D-6
CARARE Record 1
heritageAsset ID: H-1
digitalResource ID: D-1
digitalResource ID: D-2
digitalResource ID: D-3
CARARE Record 2
heritageAsset ID: H-2
digitalResource
Relation : H1D-1
digitalResource ID: D-5
ID: D-4
CARARE Record 3
heritageAsset ID: H-3
digitalResource ID: D-6
Relation : H1D-1
Relation : H2D-5
De-duplication
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Digital curatorship: requirements for cultural information systems
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Ontological considerations
Objects as mutable mobiles 4-dimensional semantics, including time
Reflexive, interpretive objects
Support for eventful objects Objects and events as symmetric graph structures
Emergent individuation dependent on context
Support for kindful objects Co-evolution of categorical and factual level
Thesauri, domain knowledge with item descriptions
Emergent classification of categories
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Epistemological considerations
Contingent nature of cultural knowledge Support for multiple points of view
Support for inconsistent facts
Support for curation lifecycle
Support for intuition vs. analysis Affective,multisensorial affordances
E.g., 3D reconstructions and VR environments
Interface and user experience is important
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
DCC&U extended digital curation lifecycle model
Source: Constantopoulos, Dallas et al. (2009)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Cultural information systems: recommendations
Adopt a curation at the source approach Support an extended curation lifecycle Integrate semantic services with curation Support flexible ontologies Incorporate curation methods knowledge Develop functionalities based on principles of
good domain-specific curatorship Accommodate community-based and social
participation and co-curation functionalities Attend to user experience
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Current and future work
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Representing cultural objects
LoCloud Local Content in an Europeana Cloud (2013-2015) Formal representation and metadata mapping of cultural
resources from Wikimedia and social media contexts Conceptual modeling of domain knowledge on historic and
vernacular names, places and locations using SKOS
ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Datasets Networking in Europe
(2013-2016) Individuation, mereology and emergent classification of
archaeological monuments Conceptualizing and representing artefact and monument
descriptions, and archaeological reports, as knowledge objects
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Studying scholarly practice and needs in EU research projects: ongoing
Europeana Cloud - Unlocking Europes Research via the Cloud Expert forums, case studies, questionnaire surveys (2013-2014)
DARIAH-EU Digital Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities Mixed methods research on Understanding scholarly practice,
based on transnational questionnaire survey and digital humanities project profiling (2013-2015)
Digital methods ontology work, in collaboration with NeDiMAH(2013-2015)
ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Datasets Networking in Europe Archaeological research methods SIG (2013-2016)
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Europeana Cloud needs analysis
Desk research: digital research practices and
digital tools state of the art
Research Communities web survey
Identification and creation of Humanities and
Social Sciences case studies
User requirements analysis
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
DARIAH-EU VCC2 Task 2 work: approach and objectives
Specification of digital infrastructures for the arts and humanities should address the historical practices, needs and perceptions of scholars
Evidence-based substantiation of infrastructure requirements and specification How scholars interact with the whole spectrum of
information and conceptual entities, digital as well as non-digital
Understand differences between disciplines and approaches
Develop an ontology for the formal representation of digital scholarly methods and tools, and their use in digital humanities research projects
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Protocol for primary research on scholarly practice and needs
Mixed methods
Questionnaire survey
Case studies
Multilingual
Comparative, aggregated
Leveraging cooperation with Europeana Cloud project
Manual to be produced
Published in knowledge portal
Participants (2013)
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Lithuania
Netherlands
Slovenia
08 March 2014111
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Trans-European survey
To include questions on:Scholarly data and collectionsDigital humanists and centres
Information seekingOrganisingStudying and annotatingSharing and publishingTools and services usedInfrastructure and standardsDevices and environmentRequirements and foresight
Sch
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Methods ontology
In collaboration with the NeDIMAH network
Leveraging earlier work
AHDS computational methods taxonomy
DARIAH-DE taxonomy
DARIAH-GR Scholarly Research Activity Model
Modelling processes, tools/services and data
08 March 2014113
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
Curation-aware cultural information systems: current and future work
LoCloud Local content in an Europeana Cloud (2013-2015) Curation-aware cloud-based aggregator with semantic
enrichment microservices, supporting heterogeneous metadata schemas and Wikimedia object ingestion
ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Datasets Networking in Europe (2013-2016) Metadata registry; semantic annotation and linking service
DARIAH-EU Digital Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities (2012- ) Digital research methods, digital humanities projects and
scholarly practice knowledge portal
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Costis Dallas (2013) Digital curatorship: Onto-epistemological considerations and implications for cultural information systems
LoCloud architecture
IndexDatabase
Storage NodeStorage Node Storage NodeStorage Node
LoCloud Core Services Layer
Authentication Services Object/Datastream Services Collection Services
Lightweight Repository
MINT EnrichmentServices
Export Third PartyServices
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Costis Dallas (2013) Scholarly activity, information requirements and research infrastructures: European initiatives and intellectual foundations
Thank you!
For more info:
http://bit.ly/CostisDallas